Unit 2 Onwards and upwards(教材助读)-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕“坚持与成长”主题，涵盖《We Regret to Inform You...》《Three Days to See》等文本，聚焦词汇积累（如perseverance、dread）与语法解析（如定语从句、虚拟语气）。课堂导入通过勃朗特姐妹、J.K.罗琳等人物小传引入，以词汇、语法为学习支架，衔接文本理解，帮助学生构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于情境化词汇学习（如industry多义、构词法）和语法深度解析（如强调句型、with复合结构），结合名人坚持案例培养思维品质，通过《简·爱》《假如给我三天光明》等经典提升文化意识。学生能提升语言运用与思维能力，教师可高效开展主题教学。

Unit 2　Onwards and upwards 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读3 1 1 教材原文助读4 2 教材原文助读3 第一部分 3 词汇积累 读文清障 文本助解释疑 ①inform [In'fɔːm] v．通知，告知 ②dread [dred] v．畏惧，惧怕(相当于fear) dread doing/to do sth.害怕做某事 ③one's heart sinks 某人心情沉重/情绪低落(表示失去信心或希望) ④rarely ['reəli] adv.很少，难得 ⑤overnight [ˌəʊvə'naIt] adv. 突然，一下子；一夜之间 返回导航 ⑥rejection [rI'dʒekʃ(ə)n] n. [C，U]拒绝，否决 a rejection letter 拒绝信 reject [rI'dʒekt] vt.拒绝接受；不予考虑 ⑦take...for example 以……为例 [拓展]与example相关的其他短语： set an example (for/to sb.) (为某人)树立榜样 follow one's example 以某人为榜样；仿效某人 for example(＝for instance) 例如 返回导航 ⑧have...in common (with...)(与……)在……方面有共同之处 ⑨survive on 靠……生存 [近义词]live on靠……生活 ⑩nevertheless [ˌnevəðə'les] adv.然而，不过 ⑪persevere [ˌpɜːsI'vIə] v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈 persevere in (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事 perseverance [ˌpɜːsə'vIərəns] n． [U]毅力 返回导航 ⑫turn sb. down 拒绝某人 turn one's invitation down 拒绝某人的邀请 ⑬all too often有太多时候，太过频繁(表示坏事发生次数太多)　 ⑭criticism ['krItIsIz(ə)m] n. [U，C]批评；指责 criticise ['krItIsaIz] vt.& vi.批评 critical ['krItIkl] adj.批评的；挑剔的 critic ['krItIk] n．[C]批评家；评论家　 ⑮struggle to do sth.努力做某事 返回导航 ⑯manuscript ['mænjʊskrIpt] n.[C]手稿，底稿 ⑰当work on中的on是介词时，该短语意为“从事于”或“对……有作用”，可视具体语境翻译成相应的汉语，如： work on a novel写小说 work on me对我起作用 当on是副词时，该短语意为“继续工作”。　 ⑱best-seller [ˌbest'selə] n．[C]畅销书；畅销产品 ⑲overall adj.全面的；综合的 ⑳go to sb. 由某人得到；授予某人 返回导航 ㉑in print 已刊印；已出版 get into print出版；发表 out of print绝版；不再印行 then [熟词生义] adj.当时的 business n．业务；工作 classic ['klæsIk] n．[C]名著；经典作品　 honour vt.尊敬；尊重 ㉖endurance [In'djʊərəns] n．[U](忍)耐力 endure [In'djʊə(r)] vt.忍耐；忍受(同bear) 返回导航 ㉗industry [一词多义] n．[U]勤奋，勤劳 a man of industry 勤劳的人 n．[U]工业 heavy/light industry重/轻工业 n．[C]行业 the tourist industry 旅游业 means n．[C]方式；方法(单复数同形) ㉙end [熟词生义] n．[C]目标 返回导航 ㉚guarantee [ˌɡærən'tiː] v．保证；确保 guarantee sb. sth.向某人保证某事 ㉛a touch of一点儿；少许 touch [熟词生义] n．[C，usually sing.]一点儿；少许 delighted [dI'laItId] adj.愉快的，高兴的 返回导航 [人物小传] 1．The Brontë sisters lived in nineteenth-century Yorkshire, England. In 1846, they paid to publish their own poetry, and like many of their female contemporaries, they used male names to do this. In 1847, Wuthering Heights by Emily, Agnes Grey by Anne and Jane Eyre by Charlotte were published, and Jane Eyre became one of the best-sellers of that year. 返回导航 2．Robert Southey (1774-1843) was an English poet. He was Poet Laureate for 30 years. Poet Laureate is a person who has been officially chosen to write poetry for the country's important occasions.　 返回导航 读文清障 [1]本句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词words；“every writer knows well”为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词words。 We Regret to Inform① You... “We regret to inform you...” [1]These are the words that every writer dreads② receiving, but words every writer knows well. The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their hearts sinking③ when they reach that final sentence. You may have spent years giving up your weekends and free time to write your life's work, yet still this is often not enough. Everyone knows that success rarely④ happens overnight⑤， but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection⑥． 返回导航 [2]此处为动词-ing 短语作伴随状语。 Take for example⑦ J．K. Rowling. When she received her first rejection letter, she decided that it meant she now had something in common⑧ with her favourite writers, and stuck it on her kitchen wall. Rowling had spent years surviving on⑨ little money, [2]spending all her time writing. When she finally finished her first book, she received comments from publishers along the lines of “too difficult for children”， 返回导航 [3]此处为with复合结构，在句中作状语；books与sell、translate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 “too long”， “Children would not be interested in it”. Nevertheless⑩， she persevered⑪. “I wasn't going to give up until every single publisher turned me down⑫， but I often feared that would happen，” she later posted. After a total of twelve rejections, one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book, and as we know, Harry Potter became a global success, [3]with over 400 million books sold and translated into more than seventy different languages． 返回导航 [4]此处为“get＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，his works是宾语，published是过去分词形式作宾语补足语；his works与publish之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 All too often⑬ writers of great works have had to face criticism⑭ along with rejection. J.D． Salinger started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to⑮　[4]get his works published. “We feel that we don't know the central character well enough” was the criticism he received on his manuscript⑯ for The Catcher in the Rye. 返回导航 [5]此处为时间状语从句的省略，其完整形式是“when he was serving...Second World War”。因从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中包含be动词的某种形式，故可省略从句的“主语＋be”部分。 Despite rejections from several publishers, J.D． Salinger refused to give up. Even [5]when serving in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of The Catcher in the Rye with him and worked on⑰ the novel throughout his war service. When it was eventually published, the book became an immediate best-seller⑱ and went on to sell millions and millions of copies. 返回导航 Perhaps the overall⑲ prize for perseverance should go to⑳ three sisters from Victorian England who dreamt of seeing their words in print㉑. This, however, was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers. As the then㉒ Poet Laureate, Robert Southey, wrote to one of them: “Literature cannot be the business㉓ of a woman's life, and it ought not to be.” Nevertheless, the sisters didn't stop trying. 返回导航 [6]此处为动词不定式短语作表语，解释Their response的内容。 [7]此处为强调句型，强调地点状语within the pages of Jane Eyre。 Their response was [6]to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two copies, the sisters still didn't give up. They started writing novels, and today Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontë's Agnes Grey are regarded as classics㉔ of world literature. In fact, [7]it is within the pages of Jane Eyre that we can find these words：“I honour㉕ 返回导航 [8]此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰先行词means。之所以用介词by，是因为by与先行词常构成“by...means”的惯用搭配。 endurance㉖， perseverance, industry㉗， talent; because these are the means㉘　[8]by which men achieve great ends㉙...” 返回导航 [9]此处为句式“It seems that...”，意为“似乎……”，可转化为句式“Sb./Sth. seem(s) to do/to be doing/to have done sth.”。 [10]此处While引导让步状语从句，while在此意为“虽然”。 So, [9]it seems that talent alone isn't enough to guarantee㉚ success. [10]While a lot of hard work and a touch of㉛ luck play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted㉜ to inform you...” 返回导航 原文翻译 我们遗憾地通知您…… “我们遗憾地通知您……”这些是每个作家都害怕收到的话，但又为每个作家所熟知。出版商的回复来了，作家急切地展开阅读，当他们读到最后一句时，心随即跌落谷底。你可能花了数年，放弃了周末和空闲时间去创作你毕生的作品，但这往往还不够。每个人都知道成功很少突然降临，但也许没有多少人知道，很多卓越的作家也曾被退稿。 返回导航 以J.K.罗琳为例。当她收到第一封退稿信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家们有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在了厨房的墙上。罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有的时间都花在写作上。当她终于写完她的第一本书时，她收到的出版商的评价却是“对孩子们来说太难了”“太长了”“孩子们不会对它感兴趣”。然而，她还是坚持了下来。“我不会放弃的，除非每一个出版商都拒绝我，但我经常担心它会发生。”她后来说道。在总共被拒绝了12次之后，终于有一家出版商同意出版她的第一本书并印刷了500本。后来，正如我们所知的，《哈利·波特》在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成70多种不同的语言。 返回导航 那些写出伟大作品的作家在被回绝的同时，还要遭受批评，这太常见了。J.D．塞林格高中时开始写短篇小说，但后来他的作品却难以发表。“我们觉得我们无法充分理解主角”，这是他的《麦田里的守望者》的手稿所收到的批评。尽管遭到几个出版商的拒绝，J.D．塞林格从未放弃。甚至在第二次世界大战期间，他在美国军队服役时，也随身带着《麦田里的守望者》的六章内容，并在整个战争服役期间专注于这部小说的创作。最终这本书一经出版，便立即成了畅销书，卖出了数百万册。 返回导航 或许坚持不懈的最高荣誉应该授予英国维多利亚时代的三姐妹，她们梦想着看到自己的作品出版。然而，那是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。正如当时的桂冠诗人罗伯特·骚塞写给她们其中一位的信中所说：“文学不可能也不应该成为女人一生的事业。”然而，三姐妹没有停止努力。她们的对策是用男性的名字出一本诗集。即使这本诗集只卖出了两册，姐妹三人依旧没有放弃。她们开始写小说，如今夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》、艾米莉·勃朗特的《呼啸山庄》和安妮·勃朗特的《艾格妮丝·格雷》都被认为是世界文学的经典作品。事实上，这正印证了我们在《简·爱》中读到的话：“我尊崇忍耐、毅力、勤奋和天赋；因为这些是人们实现伟大目标的手段……” 返回导航 所以，仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证成功。虽然大量艰苦的努力和少许的运气起一部分作用，但毅力才是关键。继续努力，最终你会读到这些话，“我们高兴地通知您……”。 返回导航 教材原文助读4 第二部分 28 词汇积累 读文清障 文本助解释疑 ①blessing ['blesIŋ] n．[C]幸事，幸运 ②be stricken blind/deaf一时什么也看不见/听不见 strike vt.[熟词生义] 顿时使处于某状态 ③appreciative [ə'priːʃətIv] adj.感激的，感谢的 (be) appreciative of sth. 感激某事，感谢某事 返回导航 ④now and then时常；有时；偶尔 [近义词]from time to time 不时；有时；偶尔；间或 at times有时，间或 ⑤in particular 尤其，特别 ⑥worthy of值得……的 worthy ['wɜːði] adj.值得……的；值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的；有价值的 worthy of note值得注意的(＝noteworthy) 返回导航 ⑦mere [mIə] adj.仅仅，只不过 merely adv.仅仅，只不过 ⑧reveal [rI'viːl] vt.揭示；显出 revelation [ˌrevə'leIʃ(ə)n] n．[U]展现，展示；[C]出乎意料的事 ⑨say vt.[熟词生义]比方说；假设 ⑩gentleness ['dʒentlnIs] n. [U]和蔼，温和 gentle adj.温柔的；温和的 返回导航 ⑪companionship [kəm'pænjənʃIp]n.[U] 友谊；友好交往 companion n．[C]旅伴，陪伴；同伴 [构词法]后缀-ship常用于构成名词，表示“状态、性质、职位”等，如friendship (友谊)、professorship(教授职位)等。　 ⑫fingertip ['fIŋɡəˌtIp] n．[C]指尖 ⑬outline ['aʊtlaIn] n．[C]外形，轮廓 ⑭intoxicate one's eyes on sth.使某人的眼睛陶醉于某物　 intoxicate [In'tɒksIkeIt] v.使兴奋，使陶醉 返回导航 ⑮the pageant of (历史事件的)缤纷场景 pageant ['pædʒ(ə)nt] n．[C]盛大的(露天)演出；再现历史场景的娱乐活动 ⑯probe into 探究 probe [prəʊb] v．调查；探究；追问 n．[C]探究；宇宙探测航天器 ⑰dawn [dɔːn] n．[C，U]黎明，破晓 at dawn 在拂晓 from dawn till dusk从早到晚 返回导航 ⑱workaday ['wɜːkədeI] adj.平凡的；平淡的 ⑲amid [ə'mId] prep.在……之中；四周是 ⑳haunt [hɔːnt] n．[C](某人)常去的地方 ㉑go about忙于某事；着手做；从事 ㉒permanent ['pɜːmənənt] adj.长久的；永久的 [反义词]temporary adj.短暂的；临时的；暂时的　 ㉓close in on 逐渐接近；笼罩 返回导航 ㉔descend on/upon 降临 descend [dI'send] v．(夜晚、黑暗、情绪等)降临；来临 ㉕give/drop one/a hint to 给……一点提示 hint [hInt] n．[C]提示 ㉖mighty ['maIti] adj.强有力的；雄伟的；非凡的 ㉗strains of音乐的曲调或旋律 ㉘orchestra ['ɔːkIstrə] n．[C](大型的)管弦乐队 返回导航 ㉙tactile sense触觉 tactile ['tæktaIl] adj.触觉的 ㉚fail vi.[熟词生义](机器部件或人体器官)失灵；丧失功能 ㉛perfume ['pɜːfjuːm] n．[C，U]香味；芳香 ㉜with relish 津津有味地 relish ['relIʃ] n．[U]享受，乐趣 ㉝morsel ['mɔːs(ə)l] n．[C](尤指食物的)一小片，一小块 返回导航 读文清障 [1]此处为省略that的宾语从句，作thought的宾语。该从句中“if...adult life”是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与现实相反的假设，if从句的谓语是were stricken，主句的谓语是would be。blind and deaf作补语，补充说明患病的状态。 Three Days to See I have often thought [1]it would be a blessing① if each human being were stricken blind and deaf② for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative③ of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 返回导航 Now and then④ I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently, I asked a friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods what she had observed. “Nothing in particular⑤ ，” she replied. 返回导航 [2]本句为特殊疑问句。其中it是形式主语，“to walk...worthy of note”是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。“I asked myself”作插入语。 [2]How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of⑥ note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere⑦ touch. If I can get so much pleasure from touch, how much more beauty must be revealed⑧ by sight? And I have imagined what I should most like to see if I were given the use of my eyes, say⑨ for just three days. 返回导航 [3]此处为what引导的宾语从句，在该从句中，what作表语，it是形式主语，“to see into...eye”是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。the eye是“window of the soul”的同位语。 On the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness⑩ and companionship⑪ have made my life worth living. I do not know [3]what it is to see into the heart of a friend through that “window of the soul”， the eye. I can only “see” through my fingertips⑫ the outline⑬ of a face. I should like to see the books which have been read to me, and which have revealed to me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate my eyes on⑭ the beauties of the world of nature. That night, I should not be able to sleep. 返回导航 [4]句中分别把see的宾语“The things I knew through touch”和spend的宾语“The evening of my second day”提到句首，表示强调。其中“I knew through touch”为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰The things。 　　On my second day, I should like to see the pageant of⑮ man's progress, and I should go to the museums. I should try to probe into⑯ the soul of man through his art. [4]The things I knew through touch I should now see. The evening of my second day I should spend at a theater or at the movies. 返回导航 [5]此处为形容词短语作伴随状语，表示主语的状态。 The following morning, I should again greet the dawn⑰， [5]anxious to discover new delights, new revelations of beauty．Today I shall spend in the workaday⑱ world, amid⑲ the haunts⑳ of men going about㉑ the business of life. 返回导航 [6]本句中使用部分倒装结构。only位于句首且修饰when引导的状语从句，主句要用部分倒装语序。 At midnight permanent㉒ night would close in on㉓ me again. [6]Only when darkness had again descended upon㉔ me should I realize how much I had left unseen. 返回导航 [7]此处和下文中的as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow、 as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail、 as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again均为as if引导的方式状语从句，表示对将来情况的假设，使用虚拟语气。 I who am blind can give one hint to㉕ those who see: Use your eyes [7]as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can be applied to the other senses. Hear the music of voices, the song of a bird, the mighty㉖ strains of㉗ an orchestra㉘， as if you would be 返回导航 [8]“of all...”表示“在所有……中”，常与最高级连用；“that sight...delightful”为that引导的宾语从句。 stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense㉙ would fail㉚. Smell the perfume㉛ of flowers, taste with relish㉜ each morsel㉝， as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again．[8]But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful. (Excerpts from “Three Days to See” by Helen Keller) 返回导航 原文翻译 假如给我三天光明 我常常想，如果每个人在刚成年的时候突然失明、失聪几天，这或许是一件幸事。黑暗会使他更加珍惜光明；而寂静会教他体会声音的乐趣。 我时不时地测试我那些看得见的朋友，想了解他们看到了什么。最近，我问一个在树林里散步了许久刚回来的朋友看到了什么。她回答道，“没什么特别的。” 返回导航 我问自己，在树林里漫步一个小时，竟没有看到什么值得注意的东西，这怎么可能呢？我一个看不见的人，仅凭触摸就能发现许多令我感兴趣的东西。如果我从触摸中就能获得如此多的乐趣，那么视觉能展现多少美好的东西呢？并且我想象过，如果我能看得见，哪怕只有三天，我最想看到的是什么。 返回导航 第一天，我要看看那些待我仁慈、温和、友好，从而使我的生活变得有价值的人。我不知道透过“心灵之窗”——眼睛，来看透一个朋友的内心是怎样的。我只能通过我的指尖“看”到一张面孔的轮廓。我想看看别人为我读过的、为我揭示了人生及人类精神的深刻奥秘的那些书。下午我将去树林里漫步，让我的眼睛陶醉在大自然的美景之中。那天晚上，我将无法入睡。 返回导航 第二天，我想看看人类进步的盛况，我将去博物馆。我将通过艺术来探究人的灵魂。那些我之前通过触摸所知道的东西，我现在要亲眼看一看。第二天晚上，我将在剧院或电影院里度过。 第三天清晨，我将再次迎接黎明，渴望着发现新的喜悦、新的美的启示。这天我将在平凡的世界中度过，到那些为生活奔波的人们常去的地方。 到了午夜，永久的黑夜将再次把我笼罩。只有当黑暗再次降临，我才意识到我还有多少东西没有看到。 返回导航 我，一个盲人，可以给看得见的人一点提示：善待你的双眼，就像明天你就要失明一样。其他感官也同样适用该方法。去听音乐的声音、鸟儿的鸣唱、管弦乐队铿锵的旋律，就像明天你就要失聪一样。触摸你想触摸的每一个物体，就像明天你就要失去触觉一样。闻闻花香，津津有味地品尝每一口食物，就像明天你再也不会拥有嗅觉和味觉一样。不过，我相信，在所有的感觉中，最令人愉悦的一定是视觉。 (节选自海伦·凯勒《假如给我三天光明》)　 返回导航 $