【教材笔记】1.3 Language Practice至Words and Expressions-Personal and Family Life《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）

一般现在时定义：表示经常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或状态。 一般现在时的基本结构： 1D肯定句 UNIT .(1)主语+be动词(am/is/are)t其他成分， (2)主语十实义动词十其他成分 008 注意：谓语动词为实义动词时，如果主语为第一、第二人称或第三人称复数形式谓语 动词用原形；如果主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式。 2.否定句 Language Practice (1)主语+be动词(am/is/are)+not十其他成分 (2)主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形十其他成分 3.疑问句 (1)一般疑问句：①Am/Is/Are十主语十其他成分？ ②Do/Does+主语十动词原形十其他成分？ (2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词十一般疑问句？ Grammar I'm Li Yanqing,an English teacher. 一般现在时 动词的第三人称单数 Li is my family name. 形式变化规则如下： ①一般动词在词尾加 s。如：work一orks I live with my mother,my father,and my younger sister. ②以“辅音字母{y” 结尾的词，先变y为列 My parents are energetic. 再加es。以元音字 母加-y结尾的动词， 直接加-S.如： carry-carries;cry We don't see her often,but we love her very much. -cri es;try-tries ；st udy--st udi es; boy-boys My grandmother lives alone. 一般现在时的用法： ③以s,x,o,ch,sh 1.表示主语现在的状态、存在的情况或状况 结尾的词加-es。如： 主语+am/is/are十表语（主系表结构） 2表示人或物现在经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率 pass-passes: 的时间状语连用。 fix—fi xes; go -goes: 4 Read and group. 这类时间状语有often(经常)、usually(通常)、always t eacht eaches; (总是)、every week/day/month/year/morning(每周 washwashes. 阅读以下句子，将其按照一般现在时的用法进行分类。 ④特殊变化：have /天月/年)、sometimes(有时)、on Sunday(在星期天) twice a week(一周两次)等。 has. 1)He is a vocational school student. 3.表示人或物现在经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率 2）It snows in winter. 的时间状语连用。 时间状语有often(经常)、usually(通常)、always(总是 3)I get up at 6 o'clock every morning. 、every week/day/month/year(每周/天/月/年/天) sometimes(有时)、twice a week(一周西次)笔。 4)The earth moves around the sun. 4表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事S普遍真理或表 地球围着太阳转。 示现状、性质、状态时，多用系动词或状态财词。 5)She goes to school by bus. 5.时间状语从句，用一般现在时形式表示将来的含义，即“ 6)They like cooking. 主将从现”。 表示经常发生的动作 表示当前的状况 表示客观事实或永恒真理 3)5) 6) 2) 4) Personal and Family Life 009 15 Talk and complete. 用所给动词的适当形式补全以下对话。 A:Could you tell me something about yourself? B:Sure.My name 1)is (be)Zhou Wei.I 2)st udy (study)at a vocational high school. A: Who is in your family? B:I 3)li ve(live)with my parents,my grandparents,and my elder brother. A:How old 4)is (be)your elder brother? B: He is twenty two. A: What 5)does (do)hedo?他是做什么的？（提问职业） B: He 6)works (work)as a salesperson at a car company. 他在一家汽车公司担任销售。 16 Look and describe. 根据以下图表及示例，用一般现在时描述孙茜工作日的作息安排。 ●Sun Qian is an office eg worker. sleep。 ·She gets up at get up 10:30p.m.-630a.m. around 6:30 a.m around 6:30 a.m. read. 830p.m.-1000p.m. have breakfast。 around 7:00 a.m. have dinner. around 6:30 p.m. go to work- 730a.m.-830a.m. work 1:00p.m.-5:00p.m. work take a lunch break. 830a.m.-11:30a.m. 11:30a.m.-1:00p.m. 参考答案： Sun Qian is an office worker.She getsup at around 6:30 a.m.She has breakfastat around 7:00 a.m.She goes to work at 7:30 a.m.and gets to the office at 8:30a.m.She works from 8:30 to 11:30 in the morning.She takes a lunch break from 11:30 a.m.to 1:00 p.m.In the afternoon,she works from 1:00 to 5:00.She has dinner at around 6:30 p.m.She often reads from 8:30 p.m.to 10:00p.m.She goes to bed at around 10:30 p.m. UNIT 010 Vocabulary词汇 ⑦Choose and complete. 选择合适的短语，用其适当形式补全以下短文。 人：关入器垫 Hi,I'm Julie!I 1)live with my parents and my baby brother.My mom 2)takes care of my baby brother and me 。plan to 。in one's arms very well.She always holds him 3)in her arns.My dad ·ive with 4)is stri ct withme,but I love him.My grandparents live in a ·be strict with city nearby.We 5)pl an to visit them this weekend. ·take care of 13 Read and complete. 用所给单词的适当形式补全Ea写给父亲的电子邮件。 New message Subject My New Friend at School manage Hi Dad, I have a new friend at my 1)vocati onal high school.Her name is Li vocational Zixuan.She is very 2)ener get i c and goes 3)joggi ng every day.She 4)nanages her time well,5)especi al l y between jogging playing and studying.She is really nice to me. especially What's new with you and mom? Love, energetic Ella 回 四 三 日 Send “两者都…，用来连接两个并列成分（主语、宾语、表语、动词等）。 连接主语：both A and B作主语，谓语动词一定用复数。 公式：Both A and B+复数谓语 Both you and I are students..你和我都是学生。 参考译文： 在英语国家，人们通常把名字放在姓氏前面。在中国，大多数人的做法正好相反-他们把姓氏放在前面。这体现了家庭在中国文 化中的重要性。 在英语和中文中，人们称呼他人的方式是相似的。在正式场合；他们使用全名，比如张宇辰或安娜史密斯，并且经常在姓氏前 加上先生、太太、小姐或女士等称谓。朋友之间可以直接使用名字，比如宇辰或安娜。 然而，给孩子起名的方式是不同的。在英语国家，人们有时会以自己亲戚或名人的名字来给孩子命名。在中国，这种做法并不常011 见。中国父母通常会选择有美好寓意的名字、听起来悦耳的名字，或者遵循家族传统来起名 Culture Understanding first name=given name llast name family name surname?姓 English and Chinese Names 讲英语的 In English-speaking countries,people usually put their first name (given name)before 正相反 their family name(last name).In China,most people do it the other way arounuthey put their family name first.This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. …的重要性 v称呼；n地址 方式相同 adj.正式的 n场合；情形 People address others the same way in English and Chinese.In formal situations, they use a person's full name,like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith,and they often add v. Mr.,Mrs.,Miss,or Ms.e the family name.Between friends,they can just use first names,like Yuchen or Anna. adv.然而 给孩子起名 name.after以..命名 However,the ways of naming children are different.In English-speaking countries,pecple sometimes name their Q: n.亲戚 children after themselves.their reiatives,or famous people. adi常见的 Do you know the In China,this is not veryChinese parents often meaning of your name? 遵循家族传统 choose names with good or beautitul meanings, pleasant sounds,or by following family traditions Wth个词短语作后置定 by+doi ng,“通过做..” 语，修饰naes 0正相反 称呼 0正式的 0亲戚6常见的 王郑吳周李孙钱赵 派除淋这 杨韩沈蒋卫褚陈冯 郎彭范奚葛潘苏云 方花凤番马昌韦鲁 斧 CS扫描全能王 3亿人都在用的扫描APP UNIT 012 Gro山p Work制作-份关于鲁迅名字的海报 Make a poster about the names of Lu Xun. Situation 校园文学周即将到来。学生会计划， 1Here is a museum label about Lu Xun.Find and 作一系列趣味英文海报，帮助国际父 underline three of his names in it.以下是一个有关 换生走近中国文学。你所在的小组决定 鲁迅先生的傅物馆说明牌，请在其中标出他用过的三个 名字。 以鲁迅先生的三个名字为主题设计一张 海报。 LU xun Chinese writer(1881-1936) Lu Xun used many names in his life.His grandfather gave him his first name,,Zhou Zhang2shou.济S高毫盖ns毒6ngie."1n1898, he went to a school in Nanjing.There,his grandfather's brother gave 这个名字意味着“教育年轻人” him a new name,Zhou Shuren.This name means teaching young people."In 1918,he wrote a famous story called A Madman's Diary (《狂人日记》)and used the name Lu Xun for the first time.“"Lu”was 第一次 his mother's family name,and“Xun'means“fast.” 鲁是他妈妈的姓，而迅则意为“迅速”。 Personal and Family Life 013 ②Work in groups.Use the table below to summarize the museum label..以小组为单 位，借助以下表格提炼博物馆说明牌上的信息。 Three Names of Lu Xun Family name ☑hou ☑hou 山 Given name ☑hangshou Shuren Xun When he began to use the name 1n1887 1n1898 1n1918 his his Who gave him the name gr andf at her gr andf at her's br ot her hi nsel f Meaning of the name I ong life teachi ng young people fast ③Work in groups.Make a poster about the three names of Lu Xun.小组合作，制作- 张介绍鲁迅先生三个名字的海报。 Self-Assessment 完成以下练习，根据所给标准评价你对本单元学习内容的掌握程度。 0 Think and translate,翻译以下词语。 1)department. 部门 2)especially尤其是 经理 3)manager 4)photo 照片 5)职业的vocat i onal 6)家庭 famly 7)）精力充沛的_ener getic 8)对…严格的be strict with/about ⑨ Excellent:7 or 8 ⑨ Good:5or6 Need to review:≤4 2 Read and complete the sentences.用所给动词的一般现在时填空。 1)I am(be)fifteen years old. 2)Eric goes (go)jogging every morning. Do 3) (do)you have(have)any brothers or sisters? does not like 4)He _(not like)getting up early. 5)Where do (do)your grandparents live (live)? 6)Spring. cones(come)after winter. ⑨ Excellent:5or6☐ Good:3or4☐ ⑧ Need to review:≤2☐ 015 ③Read and complete the passage..用所给单词或词组的适当形式补全自我介绍。 be strict with visit manager cook live take care of Hi,I'm Lisa!I work as a 1) manager at a company,and I 2)amstrict wth 独自居住 my team.I live alone,and my friend Wang Yan 3) lives nearby..We often4)】 yi sit each other after work.We 5)cook dinner together and talk about our day.I also 6)take care of my cat in my free time.My life is simple,but I enjoy it. in one's free time在某人 空余的时间 ⑤ Excellent:5or6☐ Good:3or4 Need to review:$2 参考答案 016 Words and Expressions family:1.表示“家庭”侧重家庭这个集体、组织→单数含义，谓语用单数。 过去式/过去分词 2.表示“家庭成员，家人”（指里面一个个的人）→复数含义，谓语用复数。 planned 现在分词planning family/'fremali/n.家屏 plan /plaen/v.ln.计划 deliver v.递送 plan to do sth.计划做 delivery/dr'Irvari/n.递送；送货 pet/pet/n.宠物 某事 meaning n.意义 eani ngf ul adj.有 意义的 firefighter /'fa(r)fata(r)/n.消防队员 DUpv/pApn,小驹alone意为“单独；独自” neani ngl ess adj..无 go j oggi ng去慢跑 :没有感情色彩；可以作副 词，也可以作形容词，但是 意义的 mean/min/u.意思是；意味着 i0g/d3Dgu.慢跑 只能作状语。 vocation n.职业 vocational /vau'kerfanl/adj.职业的 alone /a'loun/adv./ad.独目 manage v.管理； 经营；设做做到 .photo/fautau/n.照片photos(复数) handmade/hend'merd/ad.手工制作的 management r.管理 gift n.天赋 manage to.do st h.nanager/'mend3a(r)/n.经理 gift/grf/n.礼物have a gift for.对.有天赋 设法成功做到. rnanage/'manid3u.管理 visit/'vIzt/u.拜访；参观 department/drpa:(r)tment/n.部门 visitor n.游客；参观者 technician /tek'nIfn/n.技术员；技师 flight attendant空乘人员 energy n.能量；精力 energetic/,ena(r)'d3 etik/ad.精力充沛的 high school高中 in the way挡道 introduction n.介绍 in a way在某种程度上 introduce sb..tosb.将introduce/,mtra'djus/u.介绍 by the way顺便提-下on the way在路上 …:介绍给某人 a letter of parent'pearant/n.父条；母条 take care of照顾 introduction介绍信 strict/strikt/ad.严格的 be strict with对…（人）严格的 especially/'spefali/adv.尤其是 be strict about对…（事物）严格的 be strict with sb.对某 人严格 nearby/,nir bav adv.在附近 Chongyang Festival重阳节 be strict in/about sth 对某事严格 ad.附近的 take in吸收 strictly adv.严格地 take care of照顾 ；严厉地 cook /kuk/u.烹饪 take up占据；从事 cooker n.职业 cooki ng n.烹饪 n.厨师 take off起飞，脱下 take away拿走