Unit 8 People and Events 阅读精讲-《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）

该中职英语课件围绕京张铁路及詹天佑事迹，系统讲解核心词汇（如railway, engineer）、短语（如stretch from...to..., be well known for）、语法点（过去分词作后置定语等），通过历史背景导入，以词汇分解、短语应用、语法解析为支架，衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，以詹天佑事迹渗透家国情怀，通过词汇辨析（alone与lonely）、语法应用（upon graduation）提升思维品质，采用词源讲解、例句翻译等方法，总结必背单词短语并配练习。助力学生增强文化认同和语言技能，为教师提供系统教学资源，提高课堂效率。

Unit 8 People and Events Reading & Writing Language points 高教版中职英语-基础模块1（第三版） 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 Language points Summary Exercise Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/ n. 铁路 rail（铁轨）+ way（道路）→ 铁路 high-speed railway 高速铁路 railway station 火车站 railway network 铁路网 eg. The high-speed railway has shortened the travel time. 高速铁路缩短了旅行时间。 译文：京张铁路 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. stretch /stretʃ/v. 延伸；绵延；伸展 stretch from … to … 从…… 延伸到…… stretch out 伸出/舒展 eg. The river stretches from the mountain to the sea. 这条河从大山延伸到大海。 eg. She stretched out her hand to take the phone. 她伸出手去拿手机。 译文：京张铁路从北京延伸到张家口。 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. well known /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/adj. 著名的，出名的 be well known for 因…而著名 be well known as 作为…而著名 It is well known that... 众所周知… eg. This city is well known for its delicious food. 这座城市因其美食而闻名。 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. 设计 n. 设计；方案 designer n. 设计师 be designed by 由…设计 be designed for 为…而设计 eg. It was the first railway designed by Chinese engineers.它是第一条由中国工程师设计的铁路。 eg.The app is designed for mobile payment. 这个应用是为移动支付设计的。 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. build /bɪld/v. 建造；建立 变形：过去式 / 过去分词 built；名词 building 建筑物；builder 建造者 build a railway 修建铁路 build a house 盖房子 be built by 由…建造 eg.It was the first railway built by Chinese engineers. 它是第一条由中国工程师修建的铁路。 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/n. 工程师 变形：engineering n. 工程学 civil engineer 土木工程师 software engineer 软件工程师 chief engineer 总工程师 eg.It was designed and built by Chinese engineers. 它是由中国工程师设计和修建的。 Language points Jingzhang Railway The Jingzhang Railway stretches from Beijing to Zhangjiakou. It is well known in China because it was the first railway designed and built by Chinese engineers alone. alone /əˈləʊn/adv. 独自地；单独地 adj. 独自的（只作表语） 辨析 alone（独自，强调数量，无感情色彩）；lonely（孤独的，情感上寂寞） let alone 更不用说 eg. He finished the work alone. 他独自完成了这项工作。 eg. I can't speak French, let alone Chinese. 我连法语都不会说，更不用提中文了。 译文：它在中国很有名，因为它是第一条完全由中国工程师独立设计和修建的铁路。 过去分词短语作后置定语 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. chief /tʃiːf/adj. 主要的；首席的 chief engineer 总工程 chief manager 总经理 chief cook 主厨 chief reason 主要原因 eg. He is the chief engineer of this project. 他是这个项目的总工程师。 译文：这条铁路的总工程师是詹天佑。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. born /bɔːn/adj. 出生的 be born in + 年份/地点 be born on + 具体日期 eg. She was born in 2010. 她出生于 2010 年。 eg. I was born on May 1st, 2000. 我出生于2000年5月1日。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. province /ˈprɒvɪns/n. 省份 provincial adj. 省的/地方的 Guangdong Province 广东省 in the province 在这个省里 provincial capital 省会 eg. Sichuan is a large province in China. 四川是中国的一个大省。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. show an interest in sth. / doing sth. 对…… 感兴趣 take an interest in … 对…… 产生兴趣 have an interest in … 对…… 有兴趣 be interested in 对…… 有兴趣 interested（adj.）感到有趣的（修饰人） I am interested in music. interesting（adj.）有趣的（修饰物） an interesting machine 一台有趣的机器 eg. He shows an interest in painting. 他对绘画表现出兴趣。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. at an early age 在年少时；早年 at a young age 在年轻的时候 at the age of... 在…岁时 eg. She started learning piano at an early age. 她很小的时候就开始学钢琴了。 译文：他于 1861 年出生在广东省，年少时就对机械产生了兴趣。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. at eleven 在十一岁时 = at the age of eleven eg. He started writing poems at the age of twelve. 他十二岁时开始写诗。 译文：11 岁时，詹天佑前往美国求学。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. upon/on + 名词/动名词 = as soon as（一…就…） upon arrival 一到达 upon hearing 一听到 eg. Upon arrival, please call this number. 一到，请打这个电话。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/n. 毕业 graduate v. 毕业 n. 毕业生 graduation from 从…毕业 graduate from 从…毕业 eg. She graduated from Peking University in 2020. 她于2020年毕业于北京大学。 eg. He is a graduate of Yale. 他是耶鲁大学的毕业生。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. return /rɪˈtɜːn/v. 返回；归还 return to 回到… return from 从…回来 return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人 eg. Please return the book to the library. 请把书还给图书馆。 eg. When will you return from your trip? 你什么时候旅行回来？ 译文：1881 年从耶鲁大学毕业后，他回到中国。 Language points The chief engineer for this railway was Zhan Tianyou. He was born in 1861 in Guangdong Province and showed an interest in machines at an early age. At eleven, Zhan went to study in the US. Upon his graduation from Yale University in 1881, he returned to China. In 1905, Zhan began his work on the famous railway. begin /bɪˈɡɪn/v. 开始 begin sth. /begin to do sth. 开始（做）某事 begin with 以…开始 at the beginning of 在…的开始 eg. I began to learn English at the age of six. 我六岁时开始学英语。 eg. The story begins with a question. 这个故事以一个问句开始。 译文：1905 年，詹天佑开始着手修建这条著名的铁路。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. go through /ɡoʊ θruː/ 穿过、通过；经历（困难）；仔细检查 go through a tunnel 穿过隧道 go through difficulties 经历困难 go through the details 仔细检查细节 eg. She went through a difficult time after losing her job. 失业后她经历了一段困难时期。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. area /ˈeəriə/n. 地区，区域；面积 in the area 在这个地区 rural area 乡村地区 urban area 城市地区 mountainous area 山区 eg. This is a beautiful area with fresh air. 这是一个空气清新的美丽地区。 译文：京张铁路必须穿过一片丘陵山地。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. at that time 在那时 表示过去的某个特定时间点/时期 at this time 此时 at the same time 同时 by that time 到那时为止 eg. I was a student at that time. 那时我还是个学生。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. believe /bɪˈliːv/v. 相信；认为 belief n. 信念，信仰 believe in 信仰/信任 believe sb 相信某人说的话 It is believed that... 人们认为… eg. I believe (that) he is right. 我认为他是对的。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. no one 没有人 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 nobody（没有人——同义）；none（没有一个——指人或物） eg. No one knows the answer. 没有人知道答案。 译文：在当时，很多人认为没有人能在那里修建铁路。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/v. 克服；战胜 overcame (过去式)；overcome (过去分词) overcome difficulties 克服困难 overcome obstacles 克服障碍 overcome fear 克服恐惧 eg. She overcame many obstacles to achieve her goal. 她克服了许多障碍才实现了目标。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. all kinds of 各种各样的 =all sorts of different kinds of 不同种类的 many kinds of 许多种类的 eg. The restaurant serves all kinds of seafood.这家餐厅供应各种海鲜。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. succeed /səkˈsiːd/v. 成功 变形：success n. 成功；successful adj. 成功的；successfully adv. 成功地 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 eg. He succeeded in passing the exam. 他成功通过考试。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. finish /ˈfɪnɪʃ/v. 完成；结束 finish doing sth 做完某事（后面 + 动名词） eg. I finished reading the book. 我看完了这本书。 译文：然而，詹天佑和他的团队克服了重重困难，成功完成了这项工程。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. complete /kəmˈpliːt/v. 完成 adj. 完整的 completion n. 竣工，完成；completely adv. 完全地 eg. The project was completed last year. 这项工程去年竣工。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. complete /kəmˈpliːt/v. 完成 adj. 完整的 completion n. 竣工，完成；completely adv. 完全地 be completed in 在…时间内完成 eg. The project was completed last year. 这项工程去年竣工。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/n. 时间表，计划 ahead of schedule 提前 on schedule 按时 behind schedule 落后于计划/推迟 eg. The work was finished ahead of schedule. 工程提前完工。 译文：这条 200 公里长的铁路于 1909 年竣工，比原计划提前两年。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/v. 认为；考虑 consideration n. 考虑；深思 consider + 宾语 + (as) + 名词 / 形容词 【as 可以省略】把…… 看作 eg. We consider him (as) our hero.我们把他当作英雄。 consider doing sth 考虑做某事 eg. He is considering changing his plan. 他正在考虑改变计划。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/adj. 杰出的；辉煌的；绝妙的 同义：excellent, wonderful 副词 brilliantly（出色地）；名词 brilliance（辉煌/杰出） brilliant idea（绝妙的主意）brilliant work（杰出的作品）；brilliant future（辉煌的未来） eg. She is a brilliant scientist. 她是一位杰出的科学家。 Language points The Jingzhang Railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains. At that time, many people believed no one could build a railway there. However, Zhan Tianyou and his team overcame all kinds of difficulties and succeeded in finishing the task. The 200‑kilometer‑long railway was completed in 1909, two years ahead of schedule. People consider it a brilliant piece of work in Chinese railway history. piece /piːs/ 件/片/块/篇（量词） a piece of work 一件作品/一项工程 a piece of news 一条消息 a piece of advice 一条建议 eg. Can I give you a piece of advice? 我能给你一条建议吗？ 译文：人们认为它是中国铁路史上杰出的工程杰作。 Summary 一、必背单词 stretch /stretʃ/v. 延伸，绵延 engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/n. 工程师 alone /əˈləʊn/adv. 独自地；单独 chief /tʃiːf/adj. 主要的；首席的 province /ˈprɒvɪns/n. 省 interest /ˈɪntrəst/n. 兴趣 machine /məˈʃiːn/n. 机器 graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/n. 毕业 return /rɪˈtɜːn/v. 返回；归还 area /ˈeəriə/n. 地区，区域 Summary 一、必背单词 overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/v. 克服 difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/n. 困难 succeed /səkˈsiːd/v. 成功 complete /kəmˈpliːt/v. 完成 adj. 完整的 schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/n. 计划，时间表 consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/v. 认为；考虑 brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/adj. 杰出的，辉煌的 piece /piːs/n. 一件；一块 railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/n. 铁路 design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. 设计 Summary 二、必背短语 stretch from…to… 从…… 延伸到…… be well known 出名，著名 at an early age 在早年，小时候 show an interest in 对…… 表现出兴趣 upon one’s graduation from 某人从…… 毕业时 return to China 返回中国 go through 穿过；经历 all kinds of 各种各样的 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 ahead of schedule 提前 Exercise 1．It was the first railway __________ (design) by Chinese engineers alone. 2．Zhan Tianyou was the _________ (chiefly) engineer of the Jingzhang Railway. 3．Upon his __________ (graduate) from Yale University, he returned to China. 4．The brave girl overcame all kinds of __________ (difficulty) in her life. 5. Everyone thinks it is a _________ (brilliance) plan for the summer camp. 一、填空 graduation  chief designed difficulties brilliant Exercise 1．The new highway stretches ____ the small town to the big port. A. between B. from C. for D. with 2. No other workers could finish the hard job ____. A. lonely B. alone C. lone D. along 3. The little boy showed an interest ____ space travel. A. in B. at C. on D. for 4. The explorers had to go ____ thick forests to find the ancient village. A. over B. through C. across D. past 5. She overcame her fear and succeeded in ____ the speech competition. A. join B. to join C. joining D. joined 二、单选 感谢大家观看 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND WATCHING $