Unit 3 Section Ⅵ Grammar —— 动词短语（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦动词短语核心知识点，系统梳理动词+名词、动词+介词、动词+副词等五种类型，通过定义解析、高考真题例句及即时演练，构建“定义-示例-辨析-应用”的完整学习支架。 资料特色在于结合2024新课标Ⅰ卷等高考真题提升语言能力，设计基础题型、语法与写作等分层练习培养思维品质与学习能力。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，强化语言应用。

Section Ⅵ　Grammar —— 动词短语 ①On Christmas Eve， Granny took a seat by the fire． ②I remember Granny sitting on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep． ③A few weeks after that Christmas， Granny passed away． ④It’s not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind． 【我的发现】 动词短语是由动词与名词、副词或介词结合在一起而组成的。有些动词短语相当于及物动词，后面可以跟宾语；有些则相当于不及物动词。 一、含义 英语中的短语是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。一些动词常与名词、副词或介词搭配构成固定的动词词组，表达一个完整的动作含义，在句中的功能相当于一个动词，我们将其称为动词短语。 二、类型及用法 1.动词＋名词 have the patience　 有耐心 take a seat　　就座 take a bus　　乘坐公交车 spend time　　度过时光 make an effort　　努力 make a difference　　有作用或影响 catch sb’s eye　　吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 （2025•上海卷）Join us at the Green Community Centre and make a difference! 加入我们，在绿洲社区中心做出改变! （2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference． 我原计划飞往维也纳，然后乘坐巴士前往布拉格参加会议。 Whatever you do， you must have the patience to do it． 无论你做什么，你都必须有耐心去做。 The children made an effort to reach the red apple on the tree． 孩子们努力地去够树上的红苹果。 名师点津 这类动词短语中，动词为及物动词，后面的名词是动词的动作所涉及的对象。 【即时演练 1】　完成句子 ①I’m afraid to take a chance with beginners． 我害怕和新手一起冒险。 ②Victor is a man who never loses heart． 维克多是一个从不失去信心的人。 ③If not， please let me know in advance so that I can make an adjustment． 如果不可以，请提前通知我，以便我做出调整。 2.动词＋介词 knock over撞倒 break into　　破门而入 believe in　　信任 begin with　　以……开始 come across　　偶然碰到 depend on　　依靠 see to　　处理 look into　　调查 set about　　着手做 agree with　　同意；适合 （2025•全国一卷）Though friendly， he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six－month－old granddaughter． 虽然它很友好，但它很容易把我侄女的小男孩和我六个月大的孙女撞倒。 I’m so glad you’ve come here to see to this matter in person． 我很高兴你亲自来这里处理此事。 You look well．The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you， I suppose． 你气色很好，我想三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。 I came across an old friend in the street． 我在街上偶遇了一个老朋友。 名师点津 这类动词短语均相当于及物动词，其宾语不管是名词、代词，还是动词－ing形式，都只能放在介词之后。 【即时演练 2】　完成句子 ①A working party has been set up to look into the problem． 已经成立了一个工作小组来调查这个问题。 ②Although the young man has graduated from university， he still depends on his parents． 虽然这个年轻人已经大学毕业了，但他还是依靠父母。 ③The moment the expert arrived in the hospital， he set about doing the operation on the driver． 专家一到医院便着手为那个司机做手术。 3.动词＋副词 give up放弃 ring up　　打电话 break down　　坏掉；分解；垮下来 break up　　打碎；分解；分手 pick up　　捡起；振作起来；接人，搭载 cut down　　砍倒；削减 get over　　克服 set off　　出发；使爆炸 look up　　向上看 put away　　收起；储存 put off　　推迟 pay off　　（付清工资后）解雇；取得成功；奏效 take over　　接管 turn out　　结果是，证明是 turn down　　拒绝；把音量开小 work out　　解出；进展顺利；锻炼身体 （2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）When I was about to give up， Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend． 我正要放弃，冈特掏出他小巧的手机，给一个朋友打电话。 （2025•1月浙江卷）He’s supposed to be at the airport now to pick up Mr．Anderson， but he’s nowhere to be found． 他本应该现在在机场接安德森先生，但他却不见踪影。 We will have to find means to get over the difficulties． 我们必须想方设法克服困难。 We have decided to put it off． 我们决定将它推迟。 名师点津 这类动词短语相当于及物动词，后面接宾语；若宾语是名词，可以放在动词和副词的中间，也可以放在副词的后面；若宾语是代词，要放在动词与副词的中间。但有些“动词＋副词”短语相当于不及物动词，后面不接宾语。 【即时演练 3】　单句语法填空 ①Who will take over the company after the manager retires？ ②Although it is not easy to get over the difficulty， we will manage to get it over． ③It took the couple more than ten years to pay off their debt． ④The car broke down on their way home． 4.动词＋副词＋介词 add up to结果是；总共 put up with　　忍受；容忍 get across to　　明白，清楚 get on with　　与……相处；进展 look forward to　　盼望，期盼 look down on　　轻视，看不起 get down to　　着手做 break away from　　挣脱；脱离 catch up with　　赶上；达到 go in for　　从事；参加 come up with　　想出，提出 cut down on　　削减，减少 keep up with　　与……保持联系 make up for　　弥补 A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to the listeners what he means． 一个好的演讲者应该设法让听众明白他所表达的意思。 Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music， but she makes up for it with hard work． 卡罗兰没有音乐天赋，但是她通过刻苦练习来弥补自己的不足。 Don’t look down on that kind of work． 不要看不起那种工作。 We are looking forward to her arrival． 我们盼望着她的到来。 名师点津 这类动词短语均相当于及物动词，宾语必须放在介词之后。 【即时演练 4】　完成句子 ①How are you getting along with your new classmates？ 你与新同学相处得怎么样？ ②It was our monitor that came up with the good idea． 是我们的班长想出了这个好主意。 ③How can you put up with the big noise outside while doing your homework？ 当你做作业时，你是怎么忍受外面如此大的噪音的？ ④The doctor advised the old man to cut down on his drinking to keep healthy． 医生建议这位老人少喝点酒以保持健康。 5.动词＋名词＋介词 pay attention to注意 make sense of　　理解 take the place of　　代替 take part in　　参加 take pride in　　为……自豪 get hold of　　抓住 catch sight of　　看见；发现 make use of　　利用 take advantage of　　利用 make room for　　为……腾出空间 James took the magazines off the little table to make room for the television． 为了给电视机腾出空间，詹姆斯把杂志从这张小桌子上拿走了。 The school isn’t the one I really want to go to， but I suppose I’ll just have to make good use of it． 这所学校并不是我真正想去的学校，但我还是想充分利用它。 名师点津 这类动词短语相当于及物动词，宾语必须放在介词之后。 【即时演练 5】　完成句子 ①Our teacher advised us to pay attention to our spelling． 老师建议我们注意拼写。 ②His school takes pride in his great achievement in Math． 他的学校为他在数学上取得的巨大成就而自豪。 维度一：基础题型练 1.Can you tell me how the things came about？ 2.A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down． 3.She came across some old photographs in a drawer． 4.Nothing can make up for what they have suffered． 5.We can’t afford to fall behind our competitors． 维度二：语法与写作 1.Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams． 父母应该积极要求他们的孩子利用这个机会加入运动队。 2.During the coming－of－age ceremony， the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult， reviewing the growth period that we had experienced． 在成人礼上，校长祝贺我们步入成年，回顾了我们所经历的成长时期。 3.Go outdoors and play team games with your friends， as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger． 去户外和你的朋友玩团队游戏，因为体育锻炼是一种摆脱愤怒的有效方法。 4.I ran over to the river bank， took off my overcoat， and then jumped into the icy water without any hesitation． 我跑到河边，脱掉外衣，毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里。 维度三：语段练习 　　I’ve 1.made a decision （决定） to become a scientist when I 2.grow up （长大）．In this case， I can 3.serve the people （为人民服务） better and 4.make more contributions （做更多的贡献） to our country．To 5.realise my dream （实现我的梦想）， I’ll try my best to study hard to increase knowledge and skills．Besides， I will also take exercise actively to 6.build up my body （增强我的体质）．I’m sure hard work 7.leads to success （通向成功）． 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $