Unit 8 课时7 Over to you Project（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 8课时7分层作业，通过A/B/C组及拓展层设计，实现从词汇句型到语篇应用的渐进式巩固，对接中考要求，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇/基础句型|单词、词组默写夯实基础，聚焦垃圾分类主题词汇| |B组|语篇理解/语法应用|改编阅读材料考查细节，语法填空训练词形转换| |C组|主题拓展阅读/书面表达|自然平衡主题阅读提升推理能力，书面表达"绿色生活"培养输出能力| |拓展|中考真题演练|完形填空及语法填空对接中考题型，强化综合应用|

Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时7 Section B (Over to you Project) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇: 1.widespread 2.organic fertilizer 句型: 1.everyone’s responsibility 2. because it is good for soil, air, and water 一、单词默写。 1. sort 2. responsibility 3. concept 4. resident 5. recognition 6. transform 7. regulation 8. fine 9. commit 10. widespread 二、词组默写。 1. garbage sorting 2. in return 3. not…but… 4. remind somebody of sth. 5. organic fertilizer 三、、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.if they fail to sort their garbage correctly 2.we still have a long way to go 一、阅读理解。 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 二、阅读填空。 1．unusual 2．rapidly 3．looks 4．peaceful 5．throwing 6．a 7．feeding 8．and 9．as 10．given 一、阅读理解 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 二、阅读七选五 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．D 三、书面表达 【参考范文】 Live a Green Life I have changed a lot since I learned about living green. In the past, I often wasted half-eaten food, used disposable chopsticks and plastic bags every day, and forgot to turn off lights when leaving rooms. I didn’t know these habits harmed the environment. Now, I try to finish all the food on my plate. I use cloth bags for shopping and save every drop of water and every unit of electricity. I also join my school’s environmental club and take part in waste sorting and tree-planting activities regularly. I feel happy to make small changes. I believe if everyone lives a green life, we can make a big difference to the earth. I will keep doing my part to protect our environment. 一、完形填空 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B 二、阅读填空 1 France 2. because 3. helpful 4. joined 5. for 6. was invited 7. to lov e/loving 8. pride 9. doing 10. closer ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时7 Section B (Over to you Project) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________________ 普遍的；广泛的 2. ________________有机肥料 句型 1. 垃圾分类是每个人保护环境、节约自然资源的责任。 Garbage sorting is _________________________ to protect the environment and save natural resources. 2. 垃圾分类十分重要，因为它对土壤、空气和水都有益。 Garbage sorting is very important ___________________________. . 一、单词默写。 1. 分类；整理；种类 ____________ 2. 责任；职责 ____________ 3. 概念；观念 ____________ 4. 居民；住户 ____________ 5. 承认；认可；识别 ____________ 6. 使改变；使转化 ____________ 7. 规则；规章 ____________ 8. 罚款；罚金 ____________ 9. 犯（错、罪）；承诺；投入 ____________ 10. 普遍的；广泛的 ____________ 二、词组默写。 1. 垃圾分类 ____________ 2. 作为回报；换取 ____________ 3. 不是……而是…… ____________ 4. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 ____________ 5. 有机肥料 ____________ 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 如果居民不能正确分类垃圾，就会面临罚款。 Residents now face fines _____________________________________ . 2. 想要拥有美好的环保未来，我们还有很长的路要走。 To bring a bright future in environmental protection, _____________________. 一、阅读理解。（Telling Chinese Story 改编） Garbage Sorting Efforts Garbage sorting is everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment and save natural resources. The concept of garbage sorting first came out in the 1950s. Residents in Beijing started sending items like newspapers, old clothes, and paper boxes to recycling stations to get money in return. By 2019, it had gained widespread recognition among the Chinese population.Garbage sorting is very important because it is good for soil, air, and water. For instance, plastic, wood, and paper can be recycled; fish bones, apple peels, and some plants can be transformed into organic fertilizer. Shanghai led the way as the first city to carry out strict regulations about garbage sorting. Residents now face fines if they fail to sort their garbage correctly. The primary aim behind these fines is not to punish but rather to remind people of their environmental responsibilities. Besides Shanghai, more and more cities are also committed to educating their residents about the importance of garbage sorting, like Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Jinan, and so on. To bring a bright future in environmental protection, we still have a long way to go. 1. What did Beijing residents do to get money in return in the early days? A. They sold fresh fruit to recycling stations. B. They sent old things like newspapers to recycling stations. C. They grew organic fertilizer for the city. D. They worked as volunteers in environmental protection. 2. What can be transformed into organic fertilizer? A. Plastic and paper. B. Fish bones and apple peels. C. Old clothes and paper boxes. D. Wood and glass. 3. What does the underlined word “concept” mean in Chinese? A. 方法 B. 概念 C. 机会 D. 结果 4. What is the main purpose of the fines for wrong garbage sorting? A. To make more money for the city. B. To punish the bad‑behaved residents. C. To remind people of environmental responsibilities. D. To stop people from using plastic products. 5. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Garbage sorting has been completed in all Chinese cities. B. We have finished all the work of environmental protection. C. Many cities are working on garbage sorting education. D. No cities except Shanghai have strict garbage sorting rules. 二、阅读填空。 Near my neighborhood lies a small park, which I call my secret garden. It’s a(n) 1 (usual) place because it’s perfect for my weekend exploration. This garden is surrounded (围绕) by tall trees. With the temperature falling 2 (rapid), their leaves fly to the ground like butterflies. At the heart of the park is a lake. It is calm and 3 (look) like a mirror, where black and white swans swim on the water. At weekends, I find a 4 (peace) place by the lake to watch the swans swim. Often, well-meaning visitors feed them by 5 (throw) bread and vegetables into the lake. This is done with kindness, but after 6 while, bits of food will float (漂浮) on the lake. The food should be cleared away. Whenever I see people 7 (feed) the swans, I approach them and kindly explain that this can pollute the water 8 hurt the swans and their home. I consider the garden 9 a bond (纽带) with the natural world around me. It’s my special place, and it has 10 (give) me so many happy memories. I will try my best to look after it. 一、阅读理解 The Balance of Nature Nature is like a giant machine where every part has its own role. Plants, animals, water, air, and even tiny insects all work together to keep the Earth healthy. This is what we call an ecosystem. In a balanced ecosystem, plants provide food and oxygen for animals, while animals help spread seeds and pollinate flowers. When one part is damaged, the whole system can be in danger. However, human activities are breaking this balance. Cutting down forests, polluting rivers, and overusing natural resources have caused many problems. For example, when too many trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by rain, and many animals lose their homes. Air pollution makes the climate change faster, bringing more extreme weather like floods and heatwaves. The good news is that we can help restore the balance. Many countries have set up nature reserves to protect wild animals and plants. People are also learning to use clean energy like solar power and wind power instead of burning coal. Small actions in daily life, such as saving water, reducing waste, and planting trees, can also make a difference. As the famous saying goes, “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” It’s everyone’s duty to keep the balance of nature. Only by living in harmony with nature can we ensure a better future for ourselves and the coming generations. 根据短文内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．What does the writer compare nature to in the first paragraph? A．A big garden. B．A giant machine. C．A beautiful painting. D．A small village. 2．What happens when too many trees are cut down according to the passage? A．The air becomes cleaner. B．Animals have more food to eat. C．The soil is washed away and animals lose their homes. D．The climate becomes cooler. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to help restore the balance of nature? A．Setting up nature reserves. B．Using clean energy like solar power. C．Planting more trees. D．Building more factories. 4．What does the underlined sentence “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” mean? A．We should take good care of the Earth for future generations. B．Our ancestors gave us the Earth as a gift. C．Children know more about the Earth than adults. D．The Earth belongs to our ancestors. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Beauty of Nature B．The Danger of Pollution C．Keeping the Balance of Nature D．How to Plant More Trees 二、阅读七选五 Have you ever heard of microplastics (微塑料)? 1 Are they good or bad for humans? Microplastics are very small. According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. 2 This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. 3 For example, about 60 percent of materials made into clothes are plastic. Every time when the clothes are washed, they shed (脱落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic products are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. These microplastics can be bad for our health and even cause cancer (癌). It’s reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. 4 Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. 5 Scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic. As students, we can reduce plastic things in our daily life. We can use glass or metal cups instead of plastic bottles and cups. A．But they bring big problems. B．They come from many places. C．Can we see them in our daily life? D．So, dealing with the problem is very important. E．We can post the dangerous influences on the Internet. F．But nobody prevents them from getting into your bodies. G．They may hurt the brain and change how the brain works. 三、 书面表达 请以Live a Green Life为题，根据以下提示介绍你的绿色生活变化。 1. 过去：浪费食物，使用一次性用品，忘记关灯； 2. 现在：践行光盘行动，使用布袋，节约水电，参与环保活动； 3. 谈谈你的感受与展望。 词数：100 词左右 提示词：disposable, save energy, waste sorting, make a difference 注意: 1. 表达中必须包含所给要点并进行适当发挥； 2. 词数100词左右； 3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名和地名等信息。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 (2026.济南市育英中学中考一模) Before Anne Frank went into hiding with her family, she was a carefree girl like any other. Anne Frank ran down the stairs as fast as she could. She was supposed to do her ____ 1____, but it was so boring. Margot, her perfect sister, might be happy reading books all day, but Anne wasn’t. Other children were already out on the sunny Amsterdam streets. Some were rolling hoops, others doing handstands against the wall. Anne was ____ 2____ at handstands, but knew another way to get everyone’s attention. “____ 3____ this!” she cried, lifting her arm high in the air. Anne waited until everyone was looking at her, then she swung her arm around fast. All the boys ____ 4____ and cheered. Hearing the ____ 5____ of laughter, Anne’s mother, Edith, looked out the window. “I bet that girl hasn’t done her homework,” she thought. It was always hard with Anne. ____ 6____, she was glad Anne had got used to Amsterdam life so easily. Anne was only seven. That night, Anne’s father, Otto, put Anne to bed as usual. “Tell me a story about Good Paula and Naughty (淘气的) Paula, Daddy!” Anne said, “____ 7____ I have one about Naughty Paula? She’s more fun.” “Margot ____ 8____ Good Paula,” Otto said. “Well she would,” Anne replied, angrily. It was ____ 9____ having Margot as an older sister. Otto ____10____ what she was thinking. “You could be good, too, Anne.” “I’ll try, Daddy, I promise,” Anne said. “____11____ to make you happy!” The next day, when Anne got back from school, Edith was preparing supper. “We have ____12____ tonight,” she said. “Who’s coming?” Anne asked eagerly. “Miep, from Daddy’s work and her friend Jan.” “Hooray!” Anne cried. ____13____ the doorbell rang, Anne rushed to let them in. The next moment, she was throwing them ____14____. “How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!” Then Anne stopped and looked at them ____15____, her brown eyes shining with interest. “Ooh! Are you Miep’s boyfriend?” she asked. Edith cut in, “Quiet, Anne!” “Time for supper,” added Otto, gently. 1. A. cooking B. shopping C. homework D. sports 2. A. endless B. fearless C. meaningless D. hopeless 3. A. Watch B. Find C. Confirm D. Search 4. A. jumped B. whispered C. laughed D. rushed 5. A. order B. sound C. call D. voice 6. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Anyway D. So 7. A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 8 A. wounds B. hates C. surprises D. prefers 9. A. hard B. different C. dangerous D. impossible 10. A. doubted B. guessed C. believed D. proved 11. A. Nothing B. No one C. Anything D. Anyone 12. A. citizens B. hosts C. customers D. guests 13. A. Whenever B. Before C. While D. As soon as 14. A. questions B. dishes C. instructions D. suggestions 15. A. all B. both C. either D. any 二、阅读填空 (2026.济南市育英中学中考一模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tina is a thirteen-year-old middle school student. Last year, she went to a summer school in ___1__ (French) and stayed with a local family, the Truffauts. At first, things didn’t go well __2___ she couldn’t speak French. Simple things like finding the right bus stop became big problems. The Truffauts helped her a lot and treated her like part of the family. They played games and shared traditional food with her. Tina was a __3___ (help) person as well. She did some housework with the family every day. On the weekend, she ___4__ (join) a community club and did volunteer work. For most of the time, she used body language to communicate. People showed their thanks with smiles and she would always smile back. Language was not a problem ___5___ her any more. As a new member of the club, Tina ____6____ (invite) to have parties with the other members. Day by day, she made more friends. Tina began ____7____ (love) her new life. “A smile is a second language we were born to speak. It is also the best gift I have got,” she often said with ___8____ (proud). Tina’s experience shows that sticking to ____9____ (do) something, even when it’s challenging, can lead to wonderful results. Smiles and a helping hand can always make people ____10___ (close) than a language can. 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 课时7 Section B (Over to you Project) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.____________________ 普遍的；广泛的 2. ________________有机肥料 【答案】1.widespread 2.organic fertilizer 句型 1. 垃圾分类是每个人保护环境、节约自然资源的责任。 Garbage sorting is _________________________ to protect the environment and save natural resources. 2. 垃圾分类十分重要，因为它对土壤、空气和水都有益。 Garbage sorting is very important ___________________________. 【答案】1.everyone’s responsibility 2. because it is good for soil, air, and water . 一、单词默写。 1. 分类；整理；种类 ____________ 2. 责任；职责 ____________ 3. 概念；观念 ____________ 4. 居民；住户 ____________ 5. 承认；认可；识别 ____________ 6. 使改变；使转化 ____________ 7. 规则；规章 ____________ 8. 罚款；罚金 ____________ 9. 犯（错、罪）；承诺；投入 ____________ 10. 普遍的；广泛的 ____________ 【答案】 1. sort 2. responsibility 3. concept 4. resident 5. recognition 6. transform 7. regulation 8. fine 9. commit 10. widespread 二、词组默写。 1. 垃圾分类 ____________ 2. 作为回报；换取 ____________ 3. 不是……而是…… ____________ 4. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 ____________ 5. 有机肥料 ____________ 【答案】1. garbage sorting 2. in return 3. not…but… 4. remind somebody of sth. 5. organic fertilizer 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 如果居民不能正确分类垃圾，就会面临罚款。 Residents now face fines _____________________________________ . 2. 想要拥有美好的环保未来，我们还有很长的路要走。 To bring a bright future in environmental protection, _____________________. 【答案】1.if they fail to sort their garbage correctly 2.we still have a long way to go 一、阅读理解。（Telling Chinese Story 改编） Garbage Sorting Efforts Garbage sorting is everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment and save natural resources. The concept of garbage sorting first came out in the 1950s. Residents in Beijing started sending items like newspapers, old clothes, and paper boxes to recycling stations to get money in return. By 2019, it had gained widespread recognition among the Chinese population.Garbage sorting is very important because it is good for soil, air, and water. For instance, plastic, wood, and paper can be recycled; fish bones, apple peels, and some plants can be transformed into organic fertilizer. Shanghai led the way as the first city to carry out strict regulations about garbage sorting. Residents now face fines if they fail to sort their garbage correctly. The primary aim behind these fines is not to punish but rather to remind people of their environmental responsibilities. Besides Shanghai, more and more cities are also committed to educating their residents about the importance of garbage sorting, like Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Jinan, and so on. To bring a bright future in environmental protection, we still have a long way to go. 1. What did Beijing residents do to get money in return in the early days? A. They sold fresh fruit to recycling stations. B. They sent old things like newspapers to recycling stations. C. They grew organic fertilizer for the city. D. They worked as volunteers in environmental protection. 2. What can be transformed into organic fertilizer? A. Plastic and paper. B. Fish bones and apple peels. C. Old clothes and paper boxes. D. Wood and glass. 3. What does the underlined word “concept” mean in Chinese? A. 方法 B. 概念 C. 机会 D. 结果 4. What is the main purpose of the fines for wrong garbage sorting? A. To make more money for the city. B. To punish the bad‑behaved residents. C. To remind people of environmental responsibilities. D. To stop people from using plastic products. 5. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Garbage sorting has been completed in all Chinese cities. B. We have finished all the work of environmental protection. C. Many cities are working on garbage sorting education. D. No cities except Shanghai have strict garbage sorting rules. 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 【解析】 【导语】 本文介绍中国的垃圾分类，讲述它的历史、益处、城市的严格规定以及我们仍需做的长期工作。 1. 细节理解：原文 Residents in Beijing started sending items like newspapers, old clothes, and paper boxes to recycling stations to get money in return.，故选B。 2. 细节理解：原文 fish bones, apple peels, and some plants can be transformed into organic fertilizer.，故选B。 3. 词义猜测：句意：垃圾分类的concept最早出现在20世纪50年代。 这里指垃圾分类这一观念、想法开始出现，因此concept表示“概念”。故选B。 4. 推理判断：原文 The primary aim behind these fines is not to punish but rather to remind people of their environmental responsibilities.，罚款目的是提醒人们环保责任，故选C。 5. 推理判断：原文 Besides Shanghai, more and more cities are also committed to educating their residents about the importance of garbage sorting，可知很多城市在开展垃圾分类教育，故选C。 二、阅读填空。 Near my neighborhood lies a small park, which I call my secret garden. It’s a(n) 1 (usual) place because it’s perfect for my weekend exploration. This garden is surrounded (围绕) by tall trees. With the temperature falling 2 (rapid), their leaves fly to the ground like butterflies. At the heart of the park is a lake. It is calm and 3 (look) like a mirror, where black and white swans swim on the water. At weekends, I find a 4 (peace) place by the lake to watch the swans swim. Often, well-meaning visitors feed them by 5 (throw) bread and vegetables into the lake. This is done with kindness, but after 6 while, bits of food will float (漂浮) on the lake. The food should be cleared away. Whenever I see people 7 (feed) the swans, I approach them and kindly explain that this can pollute the water 8 hurt the swans and their home. I consider the garden 9 a bond (纽带) with the natural world around me. It’s my special place, and it has 10 (give) me so many happy memories. I will try my best to look after it. 【答案】1．unusual 2．rapidly 3．looks 4．peaceful 5．throwing 6．a 7．feeding 8．and 9．as 10．given 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了家附近一座小公园，作者把它当作秘密花园，同时呼吁人们爱护公园环境，保护湖里的天鹅。 1．句意：它是一个不同寻常的地方，非常适合我周末探寻。此处需要形容词作定语，根据“because it’s perfect for my weekend exploration”和英文字母提示可知，此处用usual的反义词unusual，表达“不同寻常”的地方。 2．句意：随着气温迅速下降，树叶像蝴蝶一样飘落到地上。此处修饰动词falling，要用副词，rapid的副词形式是rapidly。 3．句意：湖面十分平静，看起来像一面镜子，黑白天鹅在水面上游弋。and连接并列谓语，主语It是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，动词用单三形式looks。 4．句意：周末，我在湖边找一处宁静的地方看天鹅游水。修饰名词place要用形容词，peace的形容词形式是peaceful，意为“宁静的”。 5．句意：心怀善意的游客常常把面包和蔬菜扔进湖里投喂它们。介词by后面接动名词作宾语，by doing sth.表示“通过做某事”，throw的动名词形式是throwing。 6．句意：出发点虽是善意，但过一会儿，食物残渣就会漂浮在湖面上。固定短语after a while意为“过一会儿”。 7．句意：每当我看到人们投喂天鹅的时候，我就走近他们，委婉地解释：这样做既会污染水源，也会伤害天鹅以及它们的栖息地。see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，强调看见动作正在发生，所以此处用feed的现在分词形式feeding。 8．句意：每当我看到人们投喂天鹅的时候，我就走近他们，委婉地解释：这样做既会污染水源，也会伤害天鹅以及它们的栖息地。pollute the water与hurt the swans是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。 9．句意：我把这座花园看作我和周围自然界之间的纽带。固定搭配consider…as…意为“把……看作……”。 10．句意：这是属于我的特别之地，它留给我许许多多美好的回忆。本句为现在完成时，结构为“has+动词过去分词”，所以此处用give的过去分词given。 一、阅读理解 The Balance of Nature Nature is like a giant machine where every part has its own role. Plants, animals, water, air, and even tiny insects all work together to keep the Earth healthy. This is what we call an ecosystem. In a balanced ecosystem, plants provide food and oxygen for animals, while animals help spread seeds and pollinate flowers. When one part is damaged, the whole system can be in danger. However, human activities are breaking this balance. Cutting down forests, polluting rivers, and overusing natural resources have caused many problems. For example, when too many trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by rain, and many animals lose their homes. Air pollution makes the climate change faster, bringing more extreme weather like floods and heatwaves. The good news is that we can help restore the balance. Many countries have set up nature reserves to protect wild animals and plants. People are also learning to use clean energy like solar power and wind power instead of burning coal. Small actions in daily life, such as saving water, reducing waste, and planting trees, can also make a difference. As the famous saying goes, “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” It’s everyone’s duty to keep the balance of nature. Only by living in harmony with nature can we ensure a better future for ourselves and the coming generations. 根据短文内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1．What does the writer compare nature to in the first paragraph? A．A big garden. B．A giant machine. C．A beautiful painting. D．A small village. 2．What happens when too many trees are cut down according to the passage? A．The air becomes cleaner. B．Animals have more food to eat. C．The soil is washed away and animals lose their homes. D．The climate becomes cooler. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to help restore the balance of nature? A．Setting up nature reserves. B．Using clean energy like solar power. C．Planting more trees. D．Building more factories. 4．What does the underlined sentence “We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children.” mean? A．We should take good care of the Earth for future generations. B．Our ancestors gave us the Earth as a gift. C．Children know more about the Earth than adults. D．The Earth belongs to our ancestors. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Beauty of Nature B．The Danger of Pollution C．Keeping the Balance of Nature D．How to Plant More Trees 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自然生态系统的平衡机制、人类活动对生态平衡的破坏，以及我们如何通过具体行动帮助恢复自然平衡。 1．第一段明确指出：“Nature is like a giant machine”，因此作者将自然比作一台巨大的机器。 2．第二段说明：“when too many trees are cut down, the soil is washed away by rain, and many animals lose their homes”，砍伐太多树木会导致土壤流失且动物失去家园。 3．第三段提到了建立自然保护区（set up nature reserves）、使用清洁能源（use clean energy）、植树（plant trees）等措施，未提及“建造更多工厂”，且这与保护自然相悖。 4．最后一段引用的名言“We do not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we borrow it from our children”含义是“我们不是从祖先那里继承地球，而是从子孙后代那里借来地球”，结合后文“维护自然平衡是每个人的责任，要和自然和谐共处给后代留下更好的未来”，可知这句话的意思是我们要为后代好好保护地球。 5．文章第一段引出自然平衡的概念，第二段讲述平衡被破坏，第三段讲述如何恢复平衡，最后一段总结保护自然平衡的重要性。因此“Keeping the Balance of Nature”是最合适的标题。 二、阅读七选五 Have you ever heard of microplastics (微塑料)? 1 Are they good or bad for humans? Microplastics are very small. According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. 2 This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years. Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. 3 For example, about 60 percent of materials made into clothes are plastic. Every time when the clothes are washed, they shed (脱落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic products are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. These microplastics can be bad for our health and even cause cancer (癌). It’s reported that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. 4 Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. 5 Scientists think the best way right now is to make and use less plastic. As students, we can reduce plastic things in our daily life. We can use glass or metal cups instead of plastic bottles and cups. A．But they bring big problems. B．They come from many places. C．Can we see them in our daily life? D．So, dealing with the problem is very important. E．We can post the dangerous influences on the Internet. F．But nobody prevents them from getting into your bodies. G．They may hurt the brain and change how the brain works. 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了微塑料的体型特征、广泛来源，阐述了微塑料对人类健康与野生动物的严重危害，并呼吁人们减少塑料制品使用来治理微塑料污染。 1．上文提出你听说过微塑料吗，下文接着问它们对人类有益还是有害。选项C“Can we see them in our daily life?”与前后句构成连续的引入性问题，承接上下文，引出下文介绍。 2．上文提到微塑料尺寸很小，下文指出这种小尺寸让它们无处不在。选项A“But they bring big problems.”在此处形成转折，引出后文对其扩散性和持久性的描述，符合段落从物理特征过渡到环境影响的逻辑。 3．下文举例说明了衣服、水瓶等塑料产品的来源及分解过程。选项B“They come from many places.”作为总起句，概括了微塑料的来源广泛，与后文的“For example”形成完美的总分逻辑关系。 4．前一句提到科学家在人脑中发现了微塑料。选项G“They may hurt the brain and change how the brain works.”紧承上文，具体说明了微塑料进入大脑后的潜在后果，关键词“brain”复现，语意连贯。 5．本段主要讲述应对微塑料污染的措施。选项D“So, dealing with the problem is very important.”作为段首句，总结了前文提到的各种危害，并自然引出下文科学家建议的解决方案，起到承上启下的作用。 三、 书面表达 请以Live a Green Life为题，根据以下提示介绍你的绿色生活变化。 1. 过去：浪费食物，使用一次性用品，忘记关灯； 2. 现在：践行光盘行动，使用布袋，节约水电，参与环保活动； 3. 谈谈你的感受与展望。 词数：100 词左右 提示词：disposable, save energy, waste sorting, make a difference 注意: 1. 表达中必须包含所给要点并进行适当发挥； 2. 词数100词左右； 3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名和地名等信息。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Live a Green Life I have changed a lot since I learned about living green. In the past, I often wasted half-eaten food, used disposable chopsticks and plastic bags every day, and forgot to turn off lights when leaving rooms. I didn’t know these habits harmed the environment. Now, I try to finish all the food on my plate. I use cloth bags for shopping and save every drop of water and every unit of electricity. I also join my school’s environmental club and take part in waste sorting and tree-planting activities regularly. I feel happy to make small changes. I believe if everyone lives a green life, we can make a big difference to the earth. I will keep doing my part to protect our environment. 一、完形填空 (2026.济南市育英中学中考一模) Before Anne Frank went into hiding with her family, she was a carefree girl like any other. Anne Frank ran down the stairs as fast as she could. She was supposed to do her ____ 1____, but it was so boring. Margot, her perfect sister, might be happy reading books all day, but Anne wasn’t. Other children were already out on the sunny Amsterdam streets. Some were rolling hoops, others doing handstands against the wall. Anne was ____ 2____ at handstands, but knew another way to get everyone’s attention. “____ 3____ this!” she cried, lifting her arm high in the air. Anne waited until everyone was looking at her, then she swung her arm around fast. All the boys ____ 4____ and cheered. Hearing the ____ 5____ of laughter, Anne’s mother, Edith, looked out the window. “I bet that girl hasn’t done her homework,” she thought. It was always hard with Anne. ____ 6____, she was glad Anne had got used to Amsterdam life so easily. Anne was only seven. That night, Anne’s father, Otto, put Anne to bed as usual. “Tell me a story about Good Paula and Naughty (淘气的) Paula, Daddy!” Anne said, “____ 7____ I have one about Naughty Paula? She’s more fun.” “Margot ____ 8____ Good Paula,” Otto said. “Well she would,” Anne replied, angrily. It was ____ 9____ having Margot as an older sister. Otto ____10____ what she was thinking. “You could be good, too, Anne.” “I’ll try, Daddy, I promise,” Anne said. “____11____ to make you happy!” The next day, when Anne got back from school, Edith was preparing supper. “We have ____12____ tonight,” she said. “Who’s coming?” Anne asked eagerly. “Miep, from Daddy’s work and her friend Jan.” “Hooray!” Anne cried. ____13____ the doorbell rang, Anne rushed to let them in. The next moment, she was throwing them ____14____. “How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!” Then Anne stopped and looked at them ____15____, her brown eyes shining with interest. “Ooh! Are you Miep’s boyfriend?” she asked. Edith cut in, “Quiet, Anne!” “Time for supper,” added Otto, gently. 1. A. cooking B. shopping C. homework D. sports 2. A. endless B. fearless C. meaningless D. hopeless 3. A. Watch B. Find C. Confirm D. Search 4. A. jumped B. whispered C. laughed D. rushed 5. A. order B. sound C. call D. voice 6. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Anyway D. So 7. A. Can B. Must C. Need D. Should 8 A. wounds B. hates C. surprises D. prefers 9. A. hard B. different C. dangerous D. impossible 10. A. doubted B. guessed C. believed D. proved 11. A. Nothing B. No one C. Anything D. Anyone 12. A. citizens B. hosts C. customers D. guests 13. A. Whenever B. Before C. While D. As soon as 14. A. questions B. dishes C. instructions D. suggestions 15. A. all B. both C. either D. any 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了主人公安妮儿时在阿姆斯特丹生活时的趣事。 1.句意：她本应该做家庭作业，但这太无聊了。 cooking烹饪；shopping购物；homework家庭作业；sports体育运动。根据“but it was so boring”及“I bet that girl hasn’t done her homework”可知，安妮应该做作业，但是她认为这很无聊。故选C。 2.句意：安妮不擅长倒立，但她知道另一种吸引大家注意的方法。 endless无止境的；fearless无畏的；meaningless无意义的；hopeless绝望的。根据“but knew another way to get everyone’s attention.”可知，安妮因为不擅长倒立，所以想到另一个可以吸引孩子们注意力的方法。be hopeless at“在……方面没有希望”。故选D。 3.句意：看这个！ Watch看；Find发现；Confirm确认；Search搜寻。根据“she cried, lifting her arm high in the air.”可知，安妮希望其他孩子看自己。故选A。 4.句意：所有的男孩都笑了起来，欢呼起来。 jumped跳；whispered低语；laughed笑；rushed冲向。根据下文“Hearing the…of laughter”可知，孩子们看到安妮的举动笑了起来。故选C。 5.句意：听到笑声，安妮的母亲伊迪丝向窗外望去。 order秩序；sound声音；call召唤；voice嗓音。根据“All the boys…and cheered.”可知，安妮的母亲听到了孩子们的笑声，应用sound。故选B。 6.句意：不管怎样，她很高兴安妮很容易就适应了阿姆斯特丹的生活。 Moreover而且；Otherwise否则；Anyway无论如何；So因此。根据“It was always hard with Anne. …, she was glad Anne had got used to Amsterdam life so easily”可知，做作业对安妮来说很困难，但是不管怎样，安妮的母亲还是很高兴女儿适应了在阿姆斯特丹的生活。故选C。 7.句意：我能听听淘气宝拉的故事吗? Can能够；Must必须；Need需要；Should应该。根据“…I have one about Naughty Paula?”可知，此处是安妮请求爸爸给自己讲淘气宝拉的故事，表示请求，用Can。故选A。 8.句意：“玛格特更喜欢好宝拉，”奥托说。 wounds使受伤；hates憎恨；surprises使惊讶；prefers更喜欢。根据“‘Well she would,’ Anne replied, angrily.”可知，安妮想听淘气宝拉的故事，但是玛戈特更喜欢好宝拉，所以安妮生气。故选D。 9.句意：有玛戈特这样的姐姐很难。 hard艰难的；different不同的；dangerous危险的；impossible不可能的。根据“It was…having Margot as an older sister.”可知，安妮认为姐姐玛戈特喜欢好宝拉，自己却喜欢淘气的宝拉，姐姐比自己好，故安妮认为有这样的姐姐相对比，自己情况很难。故选A。 10.句意：奥托猜到了她在想什么。 doubted怀疑；guessed猜测；believed相信；proved证明。根据“Otto…what she was thinking. ‘You could be good, too, Anne.’”可知，爸爸猜到了安妮的想法，于是安慰安妮。故选B。 11.句意：任何能让你快乐的事！ Nothing没有什么；No one没有人；Anything任何事情；Anyone任何人。根据“…to make you happy!”可知，爸爸安慰了安妮，安妮可以做任何事情来让爸爸开心。故选C。 12.句意：“我们今晚有客人，”她说。 citizens市民；hosts主人；customers顾客；guests客人。根据“Miep, from Daddy’s work and her friend Jan.”可知，爸爸的同事及同事的朋友会来安妮家做客，所以妈妈准备晚餐。故选D。 13.句意：门铃一响，安妮就冲过去让他们进来。 Whenever无论何时；Before在……之前；While当……时；As soon as一……就……。根据“…the doorbell rang, Anne rushed to let them in.”可知，此处指门铃一响，安妮就冲过去开门，用as soon as引导时间状语从句。故选D。 14.句意：下一刻，她向他们抛出了问题。 questions问题；dishes碟，盘；instructions指示；suggestions建议。根据“‘How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!’”可知，安妮向客人问了很多问题。故选A。 15.句意：然后安妮停下来看着他们两个，棕色的眼睛充满兴趣地闪闪发光。 all三者及以上都；both两者都；either两者中任一个；any任何。根据“How are you Miep? What’s it like working for Daddy? Hello Jan!”可知，安妮询问来做客的两位客人，问了他们问题，并且看着他们两个，表示两者都，应用both。故选B。 二、阅读填空 (2026.济南市育英中学中考一模) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tina is a thirteen-year-old middle school student. Last year, she went to a summer school in ___1__ (French) and stayed with a local family, the Truffauts. At first, things didn’t go well __2___ she couldn’t speak French. Simple things like finding the right bus stop became big problems. The Truffauts helped her a lot and treated her like part of the family. They played games and shared traditional food with her. Tina was a __3___ (help) person as well. She did some housework with the family every day. On the weekend, she ___4__ (join) a community club and did volunteer work. For most of the time, she used body language to communicate. People showed their thanks with smiles and she would always smile back. Language was not a problem ___5___ her any more. As a new member of the club, Tina ____6____ (invite) to have parties with the other members. Day by day, she made more friends. Tina began ____7____ (love) her new life. “A smile is a second language we were born to speak. It is also the best gift I have got,” she often said with ___8____ (proud). Tina’s experience shows that sticking to ____9____ (do) something, even when it’s challenging, can lead to wonderful results. Smiles and a helping hand can always make people ____10___ (close) than a language can. 【答案】1 France 2. because 3. helpful 4. joined 5. for 6. was invited 7. to lov e/loving 8. pride 9. doing 10. closer 【解析】 【导语】本文通过Tina在法国的经历，说明即使语言不通，微笑和善意也能跨越障碍。 1.句意：去年，她去了法国的一所暑期学校，住在当地的特鲁弗一家。根据“she went to a summer school”可知，学校是在法国，此处应填国家名France“法国”。故填France。 2.句意：起初，事情并不顺利，因为她不会说法语。根据上下文，此处表示原因，应填连词because。故填because。 3.句意：Tina也是一个乐于助人的人。此处应填形容词helpful作定语，修饰person。故填helpful。 4.句意：周末，她加入了一个社区俱乐部并做志愿者工作。根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式joined。故填joined。 5.句意：语言对她来说不再是问题。not a problem for sb.表示“对某人来说不是问题”，for表示“对于，为了”。故填for。 6.句意：作为俱乐部的新成员，Tina被邀请与其他成员一起参加聚会。Tina和动词invite之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态，时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是三单，be动词用was。故填was invited。 7.句意：Tina开始爱上她的新生活。固定搭配begin to do/doing sth表示“开始做某事”。故填to love/loving。 8.句意：她经常自豪地说。固定搭配with pride，表示“自豪地”，名词作宾语。故填pride。 9.句意：Tina的经历表明，坚持做某事，即使有挑战，也能带来美好的结果。固定搭配stick to doing sth表示“坚持做某事”。故填doing。 10.句意：微笑和援助之手总能比语言更拉近人们的距离。根据“than”可知，此处应填比较级closer。故填closer。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $