Unit 1 Friendship 语法形容词的比较级和最高级&专项练习卷2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 以概念-规则-用法为逻辑主线，系统构建形容词比较级和最高级方法体系，分层训练覆盖基础到综合，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |概念辨析|3类（原级/比较级/最高级）|对比定义+例句具象化|从描述性质到比较关系，概念递进| |构成规则|规则/不规则/双音节词处理|分类记忆法（-er/-est/more/most）|从规则变化到特殊情况，逻辑分层| |比较级用法|5种句型（含修饰语/越来越）|句型公式化（A+比较级+than+B等）|从基本比较到特殊结构，用法拓展| |最高级用法|4种句型（含范围/one of）|定冠词+范围标识法|从三者比较到固定结构，应用深化| |综合应用|分层练习（基础/能力/挑战）|考点归纳+句型转换技巧|从单一知识点到跨情境运用，能力迁移|

译林版八年级上册 Unit 1 Friendship 语法形容词的比较级和最高级&专项练习卷 一、形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 基本概念 - 原级：描述事物本身的性质，不进行比较。 - Tom is tall. - 比较级：用于两者之间的比较，表示“更……”。 - Tom is taller than Jack. - 最高级：用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示“最……”。 - Tom is the tallest in our class. 2. 比较级和最高级的构成规则 （1）规则变化 单音节词，直接加 -er / -est tall taller tallest 单音节词，以 -e 结尾，加 -r / -st nice nicer nicest 单音节词，以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i，加 -er / -est friendly friendlier friendliest 单音节词，以“辅音字母 + 元音字母 + 辅音字母”结尾，双写末尾字母，加 -er / -est big bigger biggest 多音节词（一般两个或以上音节），前加 more / most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful （2）常见双音节词的处理 - 以 -y, -er, -ow, -le 结尾的双音节词，通常用 -er / -est： - easy → easier → easiest - clever → cleverer → cleverest - narrow → narrower → narrowest - simple → simpler → simplest - 其他双音节词和多音节词，用 more / most： - careful → more careful → most careful - interesting → more interesting → most interesting （3）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 ---------------------- good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest old older / elder oldest / eldest > 注意： > - farther / farthest 多指距离上的“更远/最远”。 > - further / furthest 既可指距离，也可指“进一步的”。 > - elder / eldest 只用于家庭成员的长幼关系，如 elder brother（哥哥）。 二、比较级的用法 1. 基本句型 A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B - Tom is friendlier than Jack. - This book is more interesting than that one. 2. 比较级前可以用 much, a lot, even, a little, a bit, far 等修饰 - He is much taller than me. - This problem is a little more difficult than that one. 3. “比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示“越来越……” - Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. - He runs faster and faster. 4. “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示“越……，就越……” - The more you read, the more you know. - The friendlier you are, the more friends you will have. 5. “Which / Who is + 比较级，A or B？”表示两者之间的选择 - Who is friendlier, Tom or Jack? - Which is more interesting, English or Maths? 三、最高级的用法 1. 基本句型 A + 谓语 + the + 最高级 + 表示范围的短语（in / of / among） - Tom is the tallest in our class. - She is the most hard-working of the three. - This is the best film I have ever seen. 2. “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词” 表示“最……之一” - She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. - Friendship is one of the most important things in life. 3. “the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词” 表示“第几最……” - The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 4. 最高级前有时可以加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，此时不再加 the - Tom is my best friend. - She is Lucy's closest friend. 四、原级比较的用法 1. “as + 原级 + as” 表示“和……一样……” - Tom is as tall as Jack. - She is as friendly as her sister. 2. “not as / so + 原级 + as” 表示“不如……” - Tom is not as tall as Jack. - This book is not so interesting as that one. 五、Unit 1 常见考点归纳 1. friendly 的比较级和最高级：friendlier, friendliest - 注意：friendly 是形容词，不是副词，结尾是“辅音字母 + y”，要变 y 为 i。 2. good / well 的比较级和最高级：better, best 3. many / much 的比较级和最高级：more, most 4. 句型转换： - Tom is taller than Jack. → Jack is not as tall as Tom. → Jack is shorter than Tom. 5. 选择疑问句： - Who is more helpful, Tom or Jack? 6. “越来越……”结构： - Friendship becomes more and more important as we grow up. 六、例题练习 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. Lucy is ______ (friendly) than Lily. 2. Tom is one of ______ (good) students in our class. 3. This story is much ______ (interesting) than that one. 4. My brother is two years ______ (old) than me. 5. Which is ______ (big), the sun or the moon? 6. The weather is getting ______ and ______ (cold). 7. He is ______ (tall) of the three boys. 8. English is not as ______ (difficult) as maths. 参考答案： 1. friendlier 2. the best 3. more interesting 4. older 5. bigger 6. colder, colder 7. the tallest 8. difficult 译林版八上 Unit 1 Friendship 语法专项练习卷 > 考查范围：形容词的比较级和最高级 > 建议时间：40分钟 > 满分：100分 第一层：基础过关 考点一：比较级和最高级的规则变化（含 -y 结尾、双写末尾字母、多音节词） 一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。（每空1分，共20分） 1. small ______ ______ 2. nice ______ ______ 3. friendly ______ ______ 4. big ______ ______ 5. beautiful ______ ______ 6. easy ______ ______ 7. thin ______ ______ 8. interesting ______ ______ 9. hot ______ ______ 10. clever ______ ______ 考点二：形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。（每空1分，共10分） 1. good / well ______ ______ 2. bad / ill ______ ______ 3. many / much ______ ______ 4. little ______ ______ 5. far ______ ______ 考点三：比较级的基本用法（A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B） 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。（每空2分，共20分） 1. Tom is ______ (tall) than his brother. 2. Lucy is ______ (friendly) than Lily. 3. This book is ______ (interesting) than that one. 4. My bag is ______ (heavy) than yours. 5. Today is much ______ (hot) than yesterday. 6. He runs ______ (fast) than me. 7. This question is ______ (easy) than that one. 8. Her hair is ______ (long) than mine. 9. Maths is ______ (difficult) than English for me. 10. The boy is ______ (thin) than his father. 第二层：能力提升 考点四：原级比较（as + 原级 + as / not as(so) + 原级 + as） 四、根据句意及首字母提示填空，每空一词。（每空2分，共10分） 1. Tom is ______ tall ______ Jack. They are both 1.70 metres. 2. This film is not ______ interesting ______ that one. That one is better. 3. She is ______ friendly as her sister. Everyone likes both of them. 4. My English is not ______ good as his. 5. He doesn’t run ______ fast as Li Ming. 考点五：比较级的修饰语（much, a lot, even, a little, a bit, far 等） 五、单项选择。（每题2分，共10分） ( ) 1. This room is ______ bigger than that one. A. very　　B. much　　C. more　　D. too ( ) 2. The weather today is even ______ than yesterday. A. bad　　B. worse　　C. worst　　D. badly ( ) 3. My sister is ______ older than me. She is only one year older. A. a little　　B. more　　C. very　　D. many ( ) 4. He feels ______ better today than yesterday. A. very　　B. too　　C. a lot　　D. more ( ) 5. This computer is ______ more expensive than that one. A. far　　B. very　　C. too　　D. quite 考点六：最高级的基本用法（the + 最高级 + 表示范围的短语） 六、用所给词的适当形式填空。（每空2分，共10分） 1. Tom is ______ (tall) in our class. 2. This is ______ (good) film I have ever seen. 3. She is ______ (hard-working) student of the three. 4. The Yangtze River is ______ (long) river in China. 5. Winter is ______ (cold) season of the year. 第三层：综合运用 考点七：“越来越……”和“越……，就越……”结构 七、根据汉语提示完成句子。（每空1分，共10分） 1. 天气变得越来越暖和。 The weather is getting ______ ______ ______. 2. 我们的城市变得越来越美丽。 Our city is becoming ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 你越友好，你的朋友就越多。 ______ ______ you are, ______ ______ friends you will have. 4. 他跑得越来越快。 He runs ______ ______ ______. 考点八：最高级与“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构 八、根据汉语提示完成句子。（每空1分，共10分） 1. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 She is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in our school. 2. 友谊是生活中最重要的事情之一。 Friendship is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in life. 3. 他是我们班最好的学生之一。 He is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ in our class. 4. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影之一。 This is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ I have ever seen. 考点九：选择疑问句（Which / Who + 比较级，A or B？） 九、单项选择。（每题2分，共10分） ( ) 1. —Who is ______, Tom or Jack? —Tom is. A. friendly　　B. friendlier　　C. friendliest　　D. the friendliest ( ) 2. Which subject is ______, English or Maths? A. interesting　　B. more interesting　　C. most interesting　　D. the most interesting ( ) 3. —Who runs ______, Lucy or Lily? —Lily does. A. fast　　B. faster　　C. fastest　　D. the fastest ( ) 4. Which city is ______, Beijing or Shanghai? A. big　　B. bigger　　C. biggest　　D. the biggest ( ) 5. —Who is ______ at drawing, Tom or Jim? —Jim is. A. good　　B. better　　C. best　　D. the best 考点十：比较级与最高级的综合句型转换 十、按要求改写句子，每空一词。（每空1分，共20分） 1. Tom is taller than Jack.（改为同义句，用 not as...as） Jack is ______ ______ ______ ______ Tom. 2. Lucy is the friendliest girl in her class.（改为同义句，用比较级） Lucy is ______ ______ any other girl in her class. 3. This book is more interesting than that one.（改为同义句，用 not as...as） That book is ______ ______ ______ ______ this one. 4. He is the best student in our class.（改为同义句，用比较级） He is ______ than ______ ______ student in our class. 5. My English is not as good as his.（改为同义句，用比较级） His English is ______ ______ ______. 6. She is the most careful girl in her group.（改为同义句，用比较级） She is ______ ______ than ______ ______ girl in her group. 附加挑战题（选做） 考点十一：综合语境中的比较级与最高级运用 十一、根据上下文，用所给词的适当形式填空。（每空2分，共10分） Friendship is one of the most important things in our life. A good friend is ______ (valuable) than money. When you have problems, a true friend will always be there for you. The ______ (much) friends you have, the ______ (happy) you will be. But remember: quality（质量）is ______ (important) than quantity（数量）. A true friend is ______ (good) than a hundred fair-weather friends. 参考答案 一、规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 ---------------------- small smaller smallest nice nicer nicest friendly friendlier friendliest big bigger biggest beautiful more beautiful most beautiful easy easier easiest thin thinner thinnest interesting more interesting most interesting hot hotter hottest clever cleverer cleverest 二、不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 ---------------------- good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 三、比较级基本用法 1. taller　2. friendlier　3. more interesting　4. heavier　5. hotter　6. faster　7. easier　8. longer　9. more difficult　10. thinner 四、原级比较 1. as, as　2. as/so, as　3. as　4. as/so　5. as/so 五、比较级修饰语 1. B（much修饰比较级） 2. B（even修饰比较级，bad→worse） 3. A（a little修饰比较级） 4. C（a lot修饰比较级） 5. A（far修饰比较级） 六、最高级基本用法 1. the tallest　2. the best　3. the most hard-working　4. the longest　5. the coldest 七、“越来越……”和“越……，就越……” 1. warmer and warmer 2. more and more beautiful 3. The friendlier, the more 4. faster and faster 八、“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词” 1. one of the most popular teachers 2. one of the most important things 3. one of the best students 4. one of the most interesting films 九、选择疑问句 1. B　2. B　3. B　4. B　5. B 十、句型转换 1. not as/so tall as 2. friendlier than 3. not as/so interesting as 4. better, any other 5. better than mine 6. more careful, any other 十一、附加挑战题 1. more valuable　2. more, happier　3. more important　4. better 评分建议 基础过关 一、二、三 50分 规则变化、不规则变化、比较级基本用法 能力提升 四、五、六 30分 原级比较、比较级修饰语、最高级基本用法 综合运用 七、八、九、十 50分 特殊句式、最高级结构、选择疑问句、句型转换 附加挑战 十一 10分 综合语境运用 > 说明：正卷满分100分，基础过关50分 + 能力提升30分 + 综合运用选做部分计入总分后按比例折算，建议教师根据实际教学进度灵活调整。附加题为选做，用于学有余力的学生拓展。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $