Unit 2 Section A Grammar Focus (3a-3c) 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦情态动词could/can表礼貌请求与许可的用法，通过视频歌曲导入复习can表能力，结合图片、填空等活动过渡到新用法，以情景对话、分类练习为支架构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于采用任务型教学，如3c情景编对话培养语言能力，对比can/could语气差异提升思维品质，分层作业促进学习能力。例如“Look and say”环节让学生在家庭场景中应用句型，帮助学生掌握礼貌交流技巧，教师可借助清晰活动设计高效开展语法教学。

Presentation 单元主题范畴：人与社会 单元主题内容：和谐家庭 (2024新版)人教版 八年级(上册) Presentation Learning Objectives 1.通过观看视频和图片，能够正确地回答问题，能够使用情态动词could练习表示有礼貌请求和请求许可的对话；能够根据情景和图片，说出有礼貌请求和请求许可的句子。（学习理解） 2.通过正确完成3a练习，能够找出3a表格里哪些句子是有礼貌请求和请求许可的句子，能够说出两种句型的答语，能够说出 "Can/Could you...?" 提出请求和 "Can/Could I...?" 请求许可的句型结构，理解两者在语气和使用场景上的区别。（学习理解，应用实践） 3.通过正确完成3b/3c练习，能够结合上下文语境，选择句子补全对话，能够根据所给情景，用情态动词could/can编写对话，通过练习，能够说出有礼貌交流的好处。（迁移创新） Presentation Let’s watch a video and sing. can可表示能力 过去式为Could Do you know other usages? Presentation Let’s watch another video and fill in the blanks. 1.请大家马上戴上耳罩可以吗？ _________ please put earmuffs on right away? 2. 请你帮我传话给他们可以吗？ ________ please give them a message for me? 3. 请把门后的钥匙拿给我。 _________please get the key off the back of the door for me? 4.我要纸巾。 _______ have a napkin? Could you Could you Could you Could I polite requests polite requests for permission Presentation Let’s watch and guess. What are they talking? Could you _______________the vase? It’s my favorite. No problem. be careful with be careful with 小心，当心 Could you pass me the bag of ________? I’m going to take it out. With pleasure. rubbish Dad, can I go to ____________ with friends and be back until 10 pm? Sorry, I’m afraid you______. You must finish your homework first. the movies can’t Could I use your old notebook to _____________ for school? Of course you _____. take notes can Can we clean up the ______________ garden this weekend? Yes, good idea! community Presentation Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, Mum. I’ll do it at once. Can you please help me hang up the photos? Sure, I can./No problem! Could you please move the flowers to the balcony? Certainly! Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! Could we go to the movies after finishing our homework? Of couse!/No problem! Presentation Could you please take out the rubbish? Can you help me hang up the photos? Could you please move the flowers to the balcony? Could/Can you please+V.原...? Could/Can you do ……? / Could you please do ……? 意为“_______________”。用来有礼貌 地提出______。____________更礼貌委婉，______________更直接随意。 请你……好吗？ 请求 Could you... Can you... 1.When we need to ask others for help, we should say __________________, because it sounds more polite. 2.When we can help others, we should say ________________. 3.When we can't help others, we should say ___________. Could you please ... Sure / Of course / All right Sorry, I can't can Presentation Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Can I put some flowers on the table? Could we go to the movies after finishing our homework? Could/Can I+V.原...? (2)Could/Can I do ……? 意 为“________________”。 用来委婉地请求________。 我可以……吗？ 许可 When we need to ask for permission to do something, we should say ___________, because it sounds more polite. If you can do that, they will say _________. If you can't do that, they will say ____________. Could I ...? Yes, you can No, you can't can can't Presentation Presentation Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. We use ______________________ to ask for permission. We use ______________________ to make polite requests. Can / Could I do …? Can / Could you do …? What modal verb(情态动词) do these two kinds of sentences have in common? Make polite requests Ask for permission Ask for permission Make polite requests 请你把地板扫一扫好吗？ 午饭后我可以同朋友们一起出去玩吗？ 我能在桌上放些花吗？ 你能帮我把照片挂起来吗？ 3a 无论是“Could you (please) ... ?”还是“Could I ...?” ，问句中的 could 都可用 can 来代替，但是 could 更委婉。且答语中一般都避免使用 could 来回答。 Presentation Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. 3a Notice how they are answered. Presentation Let's explore(探究) the usage of modal verb(情态动词-could/can. 1. 含义：“能够， 可能” 2. could是can的_______，用在有礼貌地请求句子里语气比can更_____;3. 不能作____, 没有人称和数的变化，后加________. 情态动词could/can的基本用法 过去式 委婉 谓语 动词原形 (一)用于委婉提出要求或请求(make requests politely) Could you please...? Could/Can you please+_____...?意为 “能请你…吗？” V.原 Could you please ____ me fix up the bike? Could you please _________ here？ not smoke help 否定：Could you please+______+____...? 意为 “能请你(不)…吗？” not V.原 Could you please not put everything on the floor? 常见表示委婉请求的句型 ① Could you please + do sth.? ② Could you + do sth.? ③ Would you please + do sth.? ④ Would you + do sth.? ⑤ Would you mind + doing sth. ? 你介意……吗？ ⑥ Would you like + to do sth. ? 你愿意...吗? ⑦ What about doing sth. ? ......怎么样？ Discuss: How to answer? What can you find？ Presentation 情态动词could/can具体用法 探究“Could/Can you please”的回答 肯定回答： Yes, I ___. /Yes, sure. / Of course, I ____./All right. /Certainly. / No problem./I’d love to. /With _______. /That should be OK. can can pleasure 否定回答： Sorry, I ______. I have to ...; I’m afraid I ____. I am doing ... I’d ______, but I’m going to ... can't can’t love to Give the reason for refusal. --Could you please help me carry these boxes? --Yes, _____. /Sorry, I _____. My hands are full. sure can't 对别人的委婉请求的句子的回答，一般只用can,而不用could。 Presentation 情态动词could/can具体用法 (二)用于委婉请求许可(Ask for permission politely) Could/ Can I+________+其它？ 动词原形 Discuss: How to answer? 肯定回答： Yes, you ____. / Of course you ____. /Yes, please./OK./All right./ No problem./Sure, that should be OK. 否定回答：Sorry(No), you ____. You have to… /I'm afraid you ____.You must … /No, you mustn’t.You have … can can can't can't Give the reason for refusal. 常见表示请求允许的句型 ① May I + do sth. ?② Can I + do sth. ?③ Could I + do sth. ? ④ Might I + do sth. ?⑤ Do you mind if I + do sth. ? ⑥ Shall I/we + do sth.? Presentation 回答时：在回答用could 提出的请求时，通常不用 could而用 can。 例如： — Could I have a look at your book? — Yes, you can.(不能用Yes, you could.) — Sorry, you can’t.(不能用Sorry, you couldn’t.) 使用 could只是让请求更礼貌，但仍要注意说话时的语气和态度，面带微笑、语调温和会让你的请求更易被接受。 例如：Could I stay up a little later to finish this movie? 我可以晚点睡把这部电影看完吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, you can. But don't stay up too late.可以，但别熬太晚。 否定回答：No, you can't. You have to get up early tomorrow.不行，你明天得早起。 Presentation Could表委婉请求的用法 在表示请求帮助或请求许可的疑问句中，常用could代替can，表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这时不能把could看作can的过去式。 could与can表达“提出请求”的区别 A. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对辈、上级对下级的场合； 1). Can you tell us your story, Tony ? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？ B. could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。 —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia?请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？ —Sure.当然可以。 Presentation Let's explore(探究) the other usage of modal verb(情态动词-could/can. I can speak English very well. I could play the piano when I was 4 years old. You could go to the station by subway. You can do housework for your mother. 对平级或晚辈可用 can，快速给出建议； 对上级、长辈或需要体现礼貌时用 could，避免显得生硬。 He couldn’t/ can't be at the school then.那时他不可能在学校。 The book could be Lily’s because she likes reading books.那本书可能是莉莉的，因为她喜欢看书。 Presentation Choose the best question to complete each conversation. A. Could you give me a ride to town now? B. Can I stay out until eleven? C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet? D. Could I use your computer? A: ______________________________ B: Of course you can. A: ______________________________ B: Yes, if you are careful with it. A: ______________________________ B: No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow, remember? You need a good rest. A: Can I go to the movies? B: Of course. A: ______________________________ B: I can’t. I have to do some work now. C. Mr Lake, could I go to the toilet? D. Could I use your computer? B. Can I stay out until eleven? A. Could you give me a ride to town now? /ənˈtɪl/ prep. 到……时； 直到……为止 movie /ˈmuːvi/ n. 电影 3b Presentation Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. Can / Could I use your phone? Sure. / Of course. /ded/ adj. 不运行的；死的 take notes 做笔记 A: Can / Could I borrow your notes? B: Of course. Here are my notes. A: Can / Could you help me open the door? B: Sure. / Of course. A: Can / Could you bring gloves and rubbish bags for cleaning up the community? /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾 /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区；社团 note /nəʊt/ n. 笔记；记录；便条 v. 注意；指出 清扫 [set] n. 场景 3c Presentation Choose one setting from your daily life, then make a long conversation using can or could. For example A: Hi, let's tidy up the room. Can you sweep the floor? B: Sure! I can sweep these dust. Could you wash the dishes? A: Of course I can. The dishes don't look too dirty. B: Great! After we finish, can we take a short break? A: Sure. Could you get me a glass of water later? I think I'll be thirsty. B: No problem. Let's work quickly! Sure/Of course/Certainly. Yes, you can./With pleasure. No problem. I’m afraid not. /Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t. Sorry, I can’t. I have to... Could/Can I...? Could/Can you...? Loud and fluent. （声音洪亮，对话流利） Completely. （描述完整） Be confident. （充满自信） Presentation What do you say in these situations? Can/Could you please pass me the salt? Can/Could I have these postcards? Can/Could you please turn off the radio? Can/Could I borrow your newspaper? Can/Could I use your pen? Presentation Further thinking What are the benefits(益处) of using “make polite requests” and “ask for permission” in our daily life? Show good manners（礼仪） Build good relationships （关系） Get positive responses （回应） Presentation Presentation Summary know how to answer the questions. know the structures and functions of the sentences. know the difference between can/ could. After learning this lesson, I can Can/Could you…? (Make requests) Can/Could I…? (Ask for permission) 1. 用于请求或请求许可：could语气更委婉，有礼貌。 2. 用于表示能力：can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。 肯定回答：Sure./ Certainly./ Yes, I can./ Of course./ No problem... 否定回答：Sorry, I can’t. I have to…/Sorry, I’m going to... 肯定回答：Sure./ Yes, you can./ Of course, you can. 否定回答：Sorry, you can’t./ I’m afraid you can’t. Presentation 一、根据汉语完成句子。 1. 你能帮我把这些照片挂起来吗？ you help me these photos? 2. 我可以借你的自行车用一下吗？ I your bike? 3. 请你帮我打扫一下客厅，好吗？ you please the living room? 4. 妈妈，我放学后能和同学一起去公园吗？ Mum, I go to the park with my classmates ? 5. 你能告诉我怎么到达那家花店吗？ you tell me that flower shop? Could Could Could could after school Could how to get to hang up borrow help me clean Presentation Sister: Look! The flowers are so beautiful! ___ Jim: ___, but you can buy some over there in the shop. Sister: Okay. ___ Jim: Here you are. Shop assistant: ___ Sister: I want to buy some flowers, please. Shop assistant: What colour would you like? Sister: I like red, pink and orange. Shop assistant: Okay. Look! They are so nice. Sister: ___ Shop assistant: Sure! 1. Could you give me ten yuan, please? 2. Can I help you? 3. Can I pick some of them? 4. I’m sorry, you can’t, 5. Could you please pack them up for me? 二、选择句子补全对话。 5 3 4 1 2 Presentation Must-do 必做 1.Review the usage of could and can. 2.Summarize the rules and usage of mainking polite requests and asking for permission. Choose to do 选做 Make up sentences to ask for permission and make polite requests. Presentation 1. but your phone is dead.可是你的电话没电了。 花瓶里的花枯死了。 The flowers in the vase ______________. 电池没电了，钟表停了。 The battery __________, so the clock stopped. are dead is dead 他已经去世两年了。他死于癌症。我们为他的去世感到很难过。 He has been ______ for two years. He ______ of cancer. We were very sad about his________. dead died death ①【形容词】死亡的、无生命的；失去功能的、失灵的 ②【名词】表示 “死者”，“the dead”（表一类人）。 ③dead（adj.） die（v.）death（n.） Presentation 2. Can I stay out until eleven? 我能在外面待到 11 点吗？ 他们直到去年才有一辆汽车。 They didn’t have a car _______________. 直到你长大后，你才会真正理解父母伟大的爱。 You will never truly understand your parents’ great love _____________________. until last year until you grow up ①【介词】 到......时；直到......为止 not...until... 意为 “直到…… 才……”，常与非延续性动词 连用，表示动作直到 until 所表示的时间才发生。 ②【连词】到…… 时；直到……为止。引导时间状语从句，表示动作或状态的延续。也可用于 not...until... 结构。 Presentation 3. If you are careful with it 如果你小心的话 小心那台电脑，它很贵。 ___________________________. It's very expensive. Be careful with that computer 4.Could you give me a ride to town now？ 你现在能让我搭便车到镇上吗？ ①give sb a ride to...让某人搭便车到.... 你能让我搭车到机场吗？Could you give me a ride to the airport? give sb a ride=give sb a lift让某人搭车 ① be careful with 注意；当心 ② be careful (not) to do sth. 小心（不要）做某事 ③ be careful = look out = watch out 小心，当心 $I'm sorry, so could . you please put them . on right away quickly? Alright, okay, then could you please um just give him a message for me. please? This is very important. right? What's the message的这个could you please get the key . off the back of the door . for me？ Do you ever need to ask for help? Learn how to use model verbs to ask for help and make other requests? Listen for canon could. In this story last saturday, before I went to the library, I called my friend and asked to use his bike. Hi matt, can I borrow w your bike? sure. On my way to the library, I got lost. Excuse me, could you please give me directions to the library? Of course, go straight and then turn right. The library is on the left. There are . several model verbs we used to make requests. Can in good are two of them could is more polite, they can, but adding, please, that any request makes IT more polite. Unlike other model verbs for requests, we can use both you and I after cannon could, can you help me with my homework? Can I borrow your car? Could you lend me a hand? Could I speak to your manager? Please click, pause and rearrange the words to create a request. This is american english. Thank you for watching. Can you swim? Can you dive? Can you ride a bike? Can you run? Can you jump? Can you drive a car? Can you sing? Can you dance? Can you write a song? If you can, do you worry? Because you can just try again. Yes, II can. What I can? Yes, so yes, II can. I can't. Can you skate? Can you skate? Can you climb a tree? Can you cook? Can you make? Can you eat a pie you read? Can you draw for me? If you can tell you worry, because you can just try again. Yes, II can know. I can. Yes, yes, yes, I can. no.