Unit1-8 知识点整合2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

译林版 七年级英语 下册 知识点整合 范围：Unit 1—Unit 8 及期末复习（非谓语动词、期末常考知识点） 本册目录 · Unit 1　Home（家） · Unit 2　Neighbourhood（邻里与社区） · Unit 3　My hometown（我的家乡） · Unit 4　Chinese folk art（中国民间艺术） · Unit 5　Animal friends（动物朋友） · Unit 6　Beautiful landscapes（美丽的风景） · Unit 7　Outdoor fun（户外活动的乐趣） · Unit 8　Wonderland（奇妙世界） · 期末复习 Unit 1　Home（家） 知识清单 单元导引 1. Home is where the heart is. 家是心灵的港湾。（家是心之所在。） Welcome to the unit 1. different types of houses 不同类型的房屋 cottage(尤指)村舍，小别墅 flat 公寓 farmhouse 农场住宅，农舍 modern house 现代住宅 mobile home 活动住房 town house 联排式住宅 2. What type of house do you live in?你住哪种房子？ Where do you live? 你住哪里？ Which room do you live in? 你住哪一个房间？ Which floor do you live on? 你住在哪一层？ 3. I live in a town house in the west of London. 我住在伦敦西部的一栋联排别墅里。 ① east 东方；东方的；向东(n./adj./adv.) →eastern 东方的(adj.) west 西方；西方的；向西(n./adj./adv.) →western 西方的(adj.) south 南方；南方的；向南(n./adj./adv.) →southern 南方的(adj.) north 北方；北方的；向北(n./adj./adv.) →northern 北方的(adj.) ② be + in the + 方位 + of… = be in the + 方位形容词 + part of… 在(内部的)…的某个方位 be + to the + 方位 + of… = be + 方位 + of… 在(外部的)…的某个方位 另外，表示接壤用介词on 4. There are hundreds of books in the study. 书房里有几百本书。 hundreds of… 成百上千 5. It's relaxing to read books there. 在那里读书很放松。 relaxing (adj.)令人放松的，轻松的 relaxed (adj.)放松的 relax (v.)(使)轻松；(使)松弛；放宽 relax oneself 放松自己；放松某人自己 6. It's a room of my own.=It's my own room. 这是我自己的房间。 …of one's own 属于某人自己的 on one's own=alone=by oneself 独立地；独自地 own (v.) 拥有 owner (n.)物主；主人 7. I can put up my favourite pictures on the wall. 我可以把我最喜欢的画张贴在墙上。 put up 张贴；举起；搭建 put on 穿上 put in 安装 put out 扑灭 put off 推迟 Reading 1. My family lives in the south of Beijing. 我家住在北京南部。 2. I like to look at the nice view of the city there. 我喜欢在那里看这个城市的美景。 in view 在视野范围内；在考虑中的 in my view 在我看来；我认为 point of view 观点；见地；立场 from my point of view 在我看来 3. I often help my parents in the kitchen and share stories about school with them. 我经常在厨房里给父母帮忙，和他们分享学校的故事。 share sth with sb 与某人合用/分享某物 4. I live in a town 15 miles from London. 我住在离伦敦15英里的一个小镇上。 基数词+长度单位+(away) from +地点 far away from…离某地有……远 5. My family and I live in a house with two floors. 我和我的家人住在一栋两层的房子里。 6. We love to relax in our living room and chat over a cup of tea. 我们喜欢在客厅里放松，边喝茶边聊天。 chat over a cup of tea 边喝茶边聊天 over 在…期间 7. My brother Tom and I like to water the flowers. 我和弟弟汤姆喜欢浇花。 8. We always have fun with our dog there too! 我们总是和我们的狗在那里玩得很开心！ 9. I'm from a village near Cairo. 我来自开罗附近的一个村庄。 10. We often eat our meals together on a carpet. 我们经常一起在地毯上吃饭。 11. Next to our farmhouse is a yard. 我们农舍的旁边是一个院子。 这是一个倒装句，主语是a yard。 结构是，表示地点的介词短语+谓语+主语 注意主谓一致，动词是be动词或者lie next to 紧邻，在…近旁 beside 在…旁边 near 靠近 be close to 离…近 12. We keep some hens there. 我们在那养了一些母鸡。 13. My sister and I like to collect the eggs. 我和我的妹妹喜欢去捡鸡蛋。 14. We also have a cotton field by the Nile River. 我们家在尼罗河边上有一片棉花田。 by 在…边 15. During the busy season, we children often help in the field. 在农忙季节，我们小孩子经常在田里帮忙。 busy (adj.)忙碌的 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于某事 16. There are more people in Li Mengtian's family than in Neil's and Femi's. 李梦天家的人比尼尔和费米家的还要多。 17. She is enjoying the night view on the balcony with her parents. 她和她的父母正在阳台上欣赏夜景。 18. The night looks bright and colourful with fireworks. 在烟火的照耀下，夜晚显得明亮多彩。 set/let fireworks off 燃放烟火 19. It's the weekend again, the perfect time to have a BBQ in the garden and relax. 又到周末了，这是在花园烧烤放松的最佳时刻。 the perfect time to do sth.做某事的绝佳时间 20. His family keep some hens in the yard. 他家在院子里养了一些母鸡。 21. Their parents are busy in the vegetable field. 他们的父母正在菜地里忙着。 语法：基数词与序数词 1. 基数词与序数词 我们用基数词谈论数量的多少，如距离、房屋、数字、面积、电话号码、年龄、人或物的数量等。 我们用序数词谈论东西或事件的顺序、年级、日期、楼层、名次、位置等。 zero 零 one first 1st two second 2nd three third 3rd four fourth 4th five fifth 5th six sixth 6th seven seventh 7th eight eighth 8th nine ninth 9th ten tenth 10th eleven eleventh 11th twelve twelfth 12th thirteen thirteenth 13th fourteen fourteenth 14th fifteen fifteenth 15th sixteen sixteenth 16th seventeen seventeenth 17th eighteen eighteenth 18th nineteen nineteenth 19th twenty twentieth 20th twenty-one twenty-first 21st twenty-two twenty-second 22nd twenty-three twenty-third 23rd thirty thirtieth 30th forty fortieth 40th fifty fiftieth 50th sixty sixtieth 60th seventy seventieth 70th eighty eightieth 80th ninety ninetieth 90th one hundred one hundredth 100th 2. 读数： 从右往左每三位加一个逗号：第一个逗号是 thousand，第二个逗号是 million，第三个逗号是 billion；百位与十位（或个位）之间通常要加 and。 10,000 =ten thousand 一万 100,000= one hundred thousand 十万 1,000,000= one million 一百万 10,000,000= ten million 一千万 100,000,000= one hundred million 一亿 1,000,000,000= one billion 十亿 4056=four thousand and fifty-six 3. 数词的用法 （1）表示事物的编号 第一课 Lesson 1 / the first lesson （2）年、月、日的表达 on May 1st,2016; on the second of July, 2002（= on July 2nd, 2002）; （3）hundred, thousand, million, billion等数词，前面有具体数目时，词尾不加s，其后不跟of； hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万 millions of 数百万 但前面没有具体的数目或表示不确切时，其后常与of连用，且词尾须加s。 two hundred of the students学生中的两百个 one of the students 学生中的一个 （4）掌握序数词的一些用法 ① the/物主代词+序数词+单数名词，表示“第几个” ② a(an)+序数词+单数名词，表示“另一个”=another I have eaten two apples, give me a third one. ③ come first/second/third…，表示得第几名。 ④ be + the/物主代词+序数词+to do sth； She is always the first in her class to get to school. 她总是班上第一个上学的。 ⑤ the+序数词+最高级+名词 the second longest river ⑥ 表示整十数的基数词可用复数形式，表示人的岁数或年代 in the twentieth century 在20世纪 in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 in his fifties 在他五十多岁时 ⑦ 约数表示法： 多于 more than/over; 少于 less than 大约 about, around；将近 almost, nearly （5）“分数”的表达方法：上基，下序。分子大于1，分母用复数； 1/2=a half, 1/4=a quarter/one fourth 3/4 =three fourths/three quarters 3/8=three eighths （6）“百分数”的表达方法：基数词 + percent 分数词/百分数词+名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据名词确定。 4. It is at 28 Rose Street. 它位于玫瑰街 28 号。 5. It has an area of 160 square metres. 它的面积为 160 平方米。 Our flat is 98 square metres in area. 我们的公寓面积是 98 平方米。 have an area of…=…in area 面积为… 6. We live in Room 806, Building 15, City Garden. 我们住在城市花园15号楼806室。 7. Our phone number is 010-1212 1212. 我们的电话号码是010-12121212。 the number of… ……的数量，谓语动词用单数 a number of… 许多，大量；后跟可数名词复数 What's the number of… …的数量是什么？ 8. She is always the first in her class to get to school. 她总是班上第一个到学校的。 the + 序数词 + to do sth 第几个做某事的人 9. Her home is on the top floor, the twenty-second floor. 她家在顶层，22层。 10. Her family always eat yuanxiao on the Lantern Festival-the fifteenth day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar. 她的家人总是在元宵节吃元宵（中国农历正月十五）。 11. He is usually the first to get up in his family because he likes jogging in the morning. 他通常是家里第一个起床的人，因为他喜欢早上慢跑。 12. His mum is the second one, right after Neil. 他妈妈是第二个起的，排在尼尔之后。 13. Femi's birthday is in March, the third month of the year. Today is his thirteenth birthday. He is 13 years old now. 费米的生日在三月，一年中的第三个月。今天是他第13个生日。他13岁了。 Pronunciation 1. 划分音节的方法：元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。 步骤： (1)看词尾有无“成音节”，有/m/;/l/;/n/ 与前面的辅音，构成一个音节； (2)找元音； (3)找元音之间的辅音； (4)分辅音。 (5)两个音节相邻处只有一个辅音字母时，该辅音字母属于后面；如 stu-dent (6)两个音节相邻处有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节。如：run-ner 注：分辅音的口诀还有：单归后，双归前，双分手，一前一后才能走。即两个元音字母之间有一个辅音字母，辅音字母归后面，之间有两个辅音字母，一前一后，有三个辅音字母，前一后二。 2. My home does not have much space, but it is a wonderful place. 我的家没有很大的空间，但是它是一个很棒的地方。 space 空地(可数) 太空，空间(不可数); in space 在太空中 3. I can play with my beautiful cat, put on her head a lovely hat. 我可以和我美丽的猫玩耍，给她的头上戴一顶可爱的帽子。 4. And chat with Mum and Dad, feeling comfortable and glad. 并且和我的父母聊天，感觉舒适又快乐。 doing现在分词，在句子中用作伴随状语 Integration 1. by the seaside in the east of China 在中国东部海边 2. be made of stone and seagrass/wood and other materials 由石头和海草/木头和其他材料制成 be made of 由…制成(从制成品中能看出原材料) be made from 由…制成(从制成品中看不出原材料) be made in +地点; 在某地被制造 be made by+某人; 某人制造 3. hold up in strong wind 能在强风中撑住 ① hold on（打电话时）别挂断，等一下 hold up 支撑得住；举起；阻挡 ② wind (n.)风,气流 a strong wind 一阵大风 windy (adj.)有风的 windy days 有风的日子 4. warm in winter and cool in summer 冬暖夏凉 5. in a mountain area of the south-west of China 在中国西南的一个山区 6. no walls on the ground floor 底层无墙 7. on the grasslands of the north of China 在中国北方的草原上 8. be easy to build and move 易于建造和移动 jump into the sea for a swim 跳进海里游泳 9. keep dry 保持干燥 dry (adj.)干燥的,干的 in the dry 在干的地方；在不受雨淋的地方 wet (adj.)潮湿的,湿的 10. China is very large and people in different areas enjoy different lives. 中国幅员辽阔，不同地区的人们享受着不同的生活。 11. Because life there is free and relaxing, and it's interesting to move with the seasons. 因为那里的生活是自由和放松的，随着季节的变化迁居是很有趣的。 12. I'd like to live in a seaside town. The beach is a great place to relax and have fun! 我想要住海边小镇。海滩是放松和玩乐的好地方！ 13. in the city centre 在市中心 in the town centre 在镇中心 in the centre of… 在…的中心 14. What kind of home would you like to live in? 你想住在什么样的房子里？ 15. My dream home is a house with two floors, away from the city centre. 我梦想中的家是一幢两层的房子，远离市中心。 16. It has a nice garden with lots of flowers and trees. 它有一个种了很多花和树的漂亮的花园。 17. I can smell the flowers and hear the birds sing. 我能闻到花香，听到鸟儿歌唱。 ① smell (vt.)闻,嗅(气味) (n.)气味 smell (linking v.) + adj. ② hear sb. do sth. 听到某人(经常)做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人(正在)做某事 18. On the first floor, there is a balcony. 一楼有个阳台。 19. I love to sit there at night and look at the stars in the sky. 我喜欢晚上坐在那里看天上的星星。 20. The house is big, so my grandparents can live with us and we can take good care of them. 房子很大，所以我的祖父母可以和我们住在一起，我们可以好好照顾他们。 take good care of them= look after them well 照顾好… 21. At the weekend, we often have a big dinner. 在周末，我们经常吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。 22. After that, I enjoy playing Chinese chess with Grandpa. 之后，我喜欢和祖父下象棋。 23. Sometimes I help Mum and Dad with some cleaning. 有时候我帮爸爸妈妈打扫卫生。 do some cleaning 做清洁工作 24. East or west, home is best. 金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。 A good home is made, not bought.(被动语态) 美好的家是亲手打造的，不是买来的。 Home is the starting place of love, hope and dreams. 家是爱，希望和梦想的起点。 Harmony in the family makes everything go well. 家和人和万事和。 Not a family, not a door. 不是一家人，不进一家门。 Family books are worth ten thousand dollars. 家书抵万金。 Every family has a difficult book to read. 家家有一本难念的经。 Unit 2　Neighbourhood（邻里与社区） 知识清单 Welcome to the unit 1. Close neighbours are better than distant relatives. 远亲不如近邻。 2. Learn how to care for our community 学习如何关爱我们的社区。 3. Describe what we can do to help the community. 描述我们能做些什么来帮助社区。 4. Better understand what makes a friendly community. 更好的理解是什么造就了一个友好的社区。 5. What's your neighbourhood like? 你的社区是什么样的？ 6. I also have some lovely neighbours. 我还有一些可爱的邻居。 7. They're always ready to help others. 他们总是乐于助人。 8. Mr. Zhang lives above us. 张先生住在我们楼上。 （1）above (prep.) 在(或向)上面(侧上方) (adv.) 在(向)上面 below (prep.) 在(或向)下面(侧下方) (adv.) 在(向)下面 表示一物在另一物的上/下方，不一定是正上/下方，两者不接触。 （2）over 在…正上方；表示一物在另一物的正上方，两者不接触 under 在…正下方 （3）on 表示一物在另一物的表面上，强调两者接触。 9. He helps us learn about laws at the community centre from time to time. 他不时地在社区中心帮助我们学习法律。 from time to time=sometimes=at times=now and then 偶尔，有时 law (n.) 法律，法规→lawyer (n.) 律师 Reading 1. What activities do you have in your community? 你的社区里有什么活动？ 2. Some of them are volunteers. 他们中一些人是志愿者。 volunteer (n.)志愿者 (v.)自愿做，义务做，无偿做 volunteer to do sth. 自愿做… volunteer for sth 志愿承担某事 voluntary (adj.) 自愿的；志愿的 3. They often meet at the community centre and share their skills. 他们经常在社区中心见面并分享他们的技能。 4. They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。 5. They have a “helping hands” meeting at the weekend. 他们在周末召开“援助之手”会议。 6. Are you going to ask for help this weekend? 你这周末打算找人帮忙吗？ 7. There's something wrong with my laptop. 我的笔记本电脑有点问题。 ① There's something wrong with… …出问题了 Something is wrong with… … is broken. … is not working well/doesn't work well. ② What's wrong with…? …怎么了？ What's the matter with…? What happened to… 8. I'm going to ask a computer engineer to check it. 我要请电脑工程师来检查一下。 9. My sister Annie's bicycle is broken, so she's going to have someone repair it. 我姐姐安妮的自行车坏了，因此她打算请人来修。 ① let/make/ have sb (not)do sth 让某人(不)做某事 ask/tell/get sb (not)to do sth 让某人做某事 ② repair (v.)修理 fix (v.)修理，安装 ③ broken (adj.) 出了毛病的；破损的 break(v.)打破—broke(过去式)—broken 10. Can anyone here help kids with their homework? 这里有人能帮孩子们辅导功课吗？ here 作后置定语，表示“这里的……” 11. Some college students are willing to help. 一些大学生愿意帮忙。 ① willing(adj.)乐意，愿意=ready(adj.) be (un)willing to do sth (不)乐意做某事 be ready to do sth 乐意做某事 ② ready (adj) 准备好的 get ready to do sth=prepare to do sth 准备好做某事 get ready for…=prepare for sth 为…做准备 get sth ready for…= prepare sth for… 为…准备… 12. Do the old people get any help as well? 老人也能得到帮助吗？ ① get help with… 在…方面得到帮助 need help with… 在…方面需要帮助 ② as well=also=too 也；either 也不 13. The volunteers often visit the old people and do some shopping for them. 志愿者们经常去看望老人并帮他们买东西。 14. This weekend, they'll help the old people tidy their flats. 这周末，他们将帮助老人整理他们的公寓。 tidy (v.) 使整洁，整理 tidy up/ tidy it up 整理 (adj.) 整洁的→untidy 不整洁的 15. You're lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood. 你真幸运住在这么好的社区里。 so (adv.) 如此，这么；非常 such (pron.) 如此；这样的(人或物) such as 例如+多个名词；such as doing sth for example 例如+句子 so+形容词/副词 如此 so many/much/little/few 如此多/少 such+名词短语 如此 such little children 如此小的孩子们 so+形容词+a/an+名词=such+ a/an+形容词+名词 当修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词时只能用 such 16. repair broken things like bikes 修理像自行车这样坏了的东西 17. Volunteers share their skills and help people in the community with different problems. 志愿者们分享他们的技能，帮助社区的人们解决不同的问题。 18. Usually, the volunteers have a meeting during the week. 通常，志愿者在周内开会。 19. Simon wants to ask someone to fix his bicycle this weekend. 西蒙这周末想找人来修理他的自行车。 20. One of the volunteers is a computer engineer. 其中一名志愿者是一名计算机工程师。 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，谓语动词用单数 21. College students help the children do sport at the community centre. 大学生在社区中心帮助孩子们做运动。 22. Why not be a volunteer at our community centre? 为什么不成为我们社区中心的志愿者呢？ Why not do sth? 为什么不…? Why don't you do sth? 你为什么不…? 23. There are many ways to help! 有许多方法可以帮忙！ 24. A tea party or a day out together will be great for neighbours to know more about each other. 茶话会或者一起外出一天，是邻居们增进彼此了解的好方式。 25. Join us and we can plan these activities together. 加入我们一起计划这些活动吧。 26. Do you know how to fix a laptop? 你知道怎样修理一个笔记本电脑吗？ 27. Or can you repair things like a broken bike? 或者你会修理像坏的自行车这样的东西吗？ 28. We need volunteers like these. 我们需要这样的志愿者。 29. Join us and give back to our community. 加入我们，并回馈我们的社区吧。 30. Let's keep it looking nice. 让我们一起使它保持美观。 keep sth. doing sth. 保持…(一直)做某事 31. Can you join us to clean up the park in our community this Saturday morning? 这周六上午你可以加入我们一起打扫社区的公园吗？ 32. Please email us to be a part of our team. 请发送电子邮件给我们，成为我们团队的一员吧。 email sb at… 给某人发邮件 call sb on… 打电话给某人 33. We are happy to have you with us any time. 我们很高兴你能随时与我们在一起。 34. What kind of volunteer work can you do in your neighbourhood? 在你的社区你能做哪种志愿工作？ 35. What do you think makes a neighbourhood a good place to live in? 你认为怎样才能使一个社区成为一个居住的好地方？ 语法：一般将来时 1. 一般将来时 我们用 will, be going to 来谈论即将发生的事情。 will 表示说话人知道或认为将会发生某事，表示说话人说话时的计划，主语是第一人称时，也可以用 shall。shall 在疑问句中和 I、We 连用表示征求意见或建议。 be going to 表示说话人所做的决定，表示很有可能即将发生的事情。 肯定句: will do ；am/is/are going to do 变否定: will not(won't) do；am/is/are not going to do 变一般疑问句: will/be 提前 时间状语：soon 马上；tonight 今晚；tomorrow 明天；the day after tomorrow 后天；some day/one day 某天；next week 下周；next year 明年；next Monday 下周一；this Wednesday 这个星期三；this afternoon 今天下午；in the future 在将来；in+一段时间；how soon 多久； ★if 引导条件状语从句；until, before, after, when, as soon as 引导时间状语从句，都遵循“主将从现”。 2. I'll go to the Children's Centre after lunch. 午饭后我要去儿童中心。 3. It'll rain this afternoon.今天下午将会下雨。 rain 雨 rain 下雨 rainy 有雨的 snow 雪 snow 下雪 snowy 下雪的 wind 风 blow 刮风 windy 有风的 sun 太阳 shine 照耀 sunny 晴朗的 cloud 云 cloudy 多云的 4. 天气表达：动词 It never snows. →It will snow. There be+名词 There is snow. → There will be snow. It is +形容词 It is snowy. →It will be snowy. 5. I'll take an umbrella with me. 我将随身带一把雨伞。 take/carry/bring sth with sb 随身带某物 6. Our neighbours will work in the community park to make it look nice. 我们的邻居将在社区公园工作，使它看起来很漂亮。 7. First, we'll pick up the rubbish in the park. 首先，我们要把公园里的垃圾捡起来。 pick up 捡起；(开车)接某人； 8. Will you work if it rains? 如果下雨的话，你们会工作吗？ ① if “如果”；引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时；另一句是主句，用一般将来时。（主将从现） ② if “是否”，引导宾语从句。 9. I'm going to volunteer at the Children's Centre. 我打算志愿去儿童中心。 10. But why are you in a hurry? 但是你为什么这么匆忙？ ① do sth in a hurry 匆忙做某事 =be in a hurry to do sth =do sth hurriedly =hurry to do sth ② hurry up 快点，赶快 11. This month's “Get to know you” activity is next Saturday. 本月“认识彼此”活动将在下周六举行。 12. have a day out at Sunshine Park 在阳光公园度过一天 13. I'm going to take some fruit and drinks. 我打算带一些水果和饮料。 Are you going to take anything else? 你要带别的东西吗？ ① something else=some other things 其他东西 ② someone else's… 其他某人的… ③ what else=what other things 其他什么东西 14. I'm going to invite my friend Bill. 我打算邀请我的朋友比尔。 invite sb to… 邀请某人去某地 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 15. He's an exchange student from the UK. 他是来自英国的交换生。 Pronunciation 1. 以下为四种不同的连读情况： （1）相邻的单词中，前一个单词的末尾是辅音，后一个单词的开头是元音，我们经常将辅音和元音连读。 （2）当前一个单词以-r或-re结尾，后一个单词以元音开头时，在它们之间我们用一个/r/音连接。 （3）当相邻的为两个辅音时，我们有时候不需要发第一个辅音的音。 （4）当相邻的为两个元音时，在它们之间我们用/j/或/w/音连接。 2. My neighbour is caring and kind. 我的邻居体贴又善良。 caring (adj.)关心的；细心的；关怀的； 3. She talks to me when I'm sad. 我伤心时她总是和我聊天。 4. Then I don't feel so alone. 然后我就不会觉得这么孤单。 alone (adj.)独自，单独 lonely (adj.)孤独的，寂寞的；荒凉的，偏僻的 5. She helps anyone in need. 她帮助任何有需要帮助的人。 6. She makes soup for the old. 她为老人做汤。 the old 老年人，the +adj 表一类人，看作复数 7. She's a true friend indeed. 她确实是一个真正的朋友。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 Integration 1. We are going to have a “helping hands” meeting at the community centre on the afternoon of 5 March. 我们将于3月5号下午在社区中心召开“援助之手”会议。 2. Please look at the information below. 请看下面的信息。 information (n.)信息，消息(不可数) 3. Do you have a fever or a sore throat? 你发烧或喉咙痛吗？ 4. Are you having trouble sleeping? 你睡眠困难吗？ ① trouble (n.)问题，困难；麻烦 in trouble 处于困境中;out of trouble 摆脱困境 ② have problems/trouble/difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难 have problems/trouble/difficulty with sth 在…方面有困难 5. Do you have a problem with your washing machine? 你的洗衣机出问题了吗？ 6. Is there anything wrong with your fridge? 你的冰箱坏了吗？ 7. Our engineers are here to help you deal with these problems! 我们的工程师在这里帮助你们处理这些问题！ ① deal with 处理；应付 do with 处理；处置 what to do with sth. 怎样处理… how to deal with sth. 如何处理…… ② what to do 做什么 how to do it 如何做 ③ deal (n.)交易 That's a deal. 一言为定！成交！ 8. Are you wondering what to wear to a party? 你在想穿什么去参加派对吗？ wonder (v.)想知道=want to know wonder(n.)奇迹，奇观，惊奇 wonderful (adj.)精彩的 9. Are you worrying about how to design your home? 你在为如何设计你的家而烦恼吗？ ① worry (vi.) 焦虑，不安，烦恼 worry about… 为…担心 ② worried (adj.)担心的，烦恼的 be worried about 为…担心 ③ worry (vt.)使…担心，使烦恼，使不安 sth worry sb 某事让某人担忧 ④ worry (n.)担心；令人担忧的事 keep your worries to yourself 把担忧放在心底 10. We have some artists to help. 我们有一些艺术家来帮忙。 have…to do 有…要做… 11. All our group members know a lot about styles and colours. 我们小组所有的成员都很了解款式和颜色。 12. They will be able to give you some ideas! 他们将能给你一些想法/建议！ able adj.能够→unable(adj.)不能的，不会的 be able to do =can 不能同时连用 be able to do “能够，会”，强调通过努力获得的能力，有人称和时态的变化，可用于各个时态。 was/were able to=could；will be able to 将能 can “能，会”，既可强调具有的能力，又可表示可能性。 13. What other kind of help can a community centre offer? 一个社区中心还能提供什么其他帮助？ offer sb sth= offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物 give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物 14. I'm going to help at the book club meeting. 我要去读书会帮忙。 15. I want to take photos of the event, and I'll post them on the club's website. 我想拍一些活动的照片，并把它们发布在俱乐部的网站上。 ① take photos of… 拍…的照片 ② post (vt.)发布；邮寄 (n.)(网上发布的)帖子，博文；邮件 poster (n.)海报 postcard (n.)明信片 post office 邮局 postman 邮递员 16. I'd like to share with you my idea for helping our community. 我想和你分享一下我对帮助我们社区的想法。 17. I want to organize an activity-“Collect and Share”. 我想组织一个叫“收集与分享”的活动。 organize (v.) 组织；安排 organizer (n.)组织者 organized (adj.)有条理的 organization (n.)组织 18. Let's collect old things from the neighbourhood and give them a new life. 让我们从社区收集一些旧东西，给它们一个新的生命。 collect…from… 从…收集… 19. First, we can give away some of our old books. 首先，我们可以捐赠一些我们的旧书。 give away 赠送；分发 20. We'll clean them and then give them to children in need. 我们将把它们清洗干净，然后把它们送给有需要的孩子。 21. Last, we're going to ask for some old clothes. 最后，我们打算要一些旧衣服。 ask for sth.索要某物 ask sb. for sth. 向某人寻求某物 22. We'll sell them to raise money for plants in our community garden. 我们将卖掉它们，为我们的社区花园的植物筹集资金。 raise…for… 为…募集… donate…to… 把…捐赠给… 23. Let's work together to make our community a better place! 让我们一起努力，让我们的社区变得更美好！ 24. Overseas, there are unique Chinese neighbourhoods. They are often called “Chinatowns”. 在海外，有独特的华人社区。它们通常被称为“唐人街”。 25. Usually, there are some Chinese-style buildings and great Chinese restaurants in the area. 通常，这一地区会有一些中式建筑和很棒的中国餐馆。 Unit 3　My hometown（我的家乡） 知识清单 单元导引 1. There are many places of interest in my hometown. 我的家乡有许多名胜古迹。 2. Talk about places of interest and show visitors around. 谈论名胜古迹，带游客参观。 3. Learn to use a/an/the and prepositions of place. 学会使用冠词 a/an/the 和方位介词。 4. Write about your hometown. 介绍自己的家乡。 5. My hometown is a wonderful place to live. 我的家乡是一个宜居的好地方。 Welcome to the unit 1. places of interest 名胜古迹 2. the Great Wall 长城 3. the Olympic Park 奥林匹克公园 4. the Summer Palace 颐和园 5. the National Museum of China 中国国家博物馆 6. a symbol of China 中国的象征 ① symbol (n.) 象征；标志 ② the symbol of… ……的象征 7. attract people from all over the world 吸引来自世界各地的人 ① attract (v.) 吸引；引起……的兴趣 ② attraction (n.) 向往的地方；有吸引力的事物 ③ attractive (adj.) 有吸引力的；迷人的 ④ all over the world 全世界 8. Olympic culture 奥林匹克文化 9. colourful lights 彩灯 10. talk about 谈论 11. show sb around 带某人参观（= take sb around） 12. What places shall we take the students from the UK to? 我们带英国的学生去哪些地方呢？ ① shall 只与第一人称 I/we 连用，用来提出建议、征求意见 ② take sb to sp 带某人去某地 13. How about the Great Wall? It's a symbol of China and attracts people from all over the world. 长城怎么样？它是中国的象征，吸引着来自世界各地的人。 How/What about doing sth? 做……怎么样？（提建议） 14. We can take them to the Olympic Park. There they can visit famous buildings and learn about Olympic culture. 我们可以带他们去奥林匹克公园，在那里他们可以参观著名建筑，了解奥林匹克文化。 learn about… 了解…… 15. At night, it's very beautiful with colourful lights. 晚上，彩灯亮起，它非常漂亮。 with 表示“带有、伴随” 16. If exchange students come to your hometown, which places of interest would you like to show them? 如果交换生来你的家乡，你想带他们去哪些名胜古迹？ exchange student 交换生 Reading 1. the capital of China 中国的首都 the capital of… ……的首都 2. the Palace Museum 故宫博物院 3. ancient emperors 古代皇帝 4. art treasures 艺术珍品 5. be well worth a visit 很值得一游 ① be (well) worth + 名词/doing sth （很）值得…… ② worth 后接动词‑ing 形式，不接动词不定式 6. Tian'anmen Square 天安门广场 7. the raising of the national flag 升国旗 8. siheyuan 四合院 9. a courtyard in the middle 中间的庭院 in the middle of… 在……的中间 10. hutong 胡同 11. get a taste of the past 感受昔日风情 get a taste of… 体验……；感受…… 12. Beijing duck 北京烤鸭 13. Beijing opera 京剧 14. local theatres 当地剧院 15. don't miss 别错过 miss (v.) 错过；想念；miss doing sth 错过做某事 16. Welcome to Beijing, the capital of China! Let me show you around my hometown. 欢迎来到中国首都北京！让我带你参观我的家乡。 17. In the centre of Beijing is the Palace Museum. 故宫博物院位于北京的中心。 ① in the centre of… 在……的中心 ② 方位介词短语置于句首时句子倒装：介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语，谓语与后面的主语保持一致 18. It was once the palace of some emperors in ancient China. 它曾经是中国古代一些皇帝的宫殿。 19. With wonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it's well worth a visit. 里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术珍品，非常值得一游。 20. Many visitors like to come early in the morning to watch the raising of the national flag at Tian'anmen Square. 许多游客喜欢一大早来天安门广场观看升国旗仪式。 21. You can get a taste of the past by walking through the hutong between the siheyuan. 穿过四合院之间的胡同，你可以感受昔日风情。 ① by doing sth 通过做某事 ② between… and… 在……和……之间 22. Try some delicious Beijing duck. You'll love it! 尝尝美味的北京烤鸭，你会爱上它的！ 23. At night, remember to enjoy Beijing opera at one of the local theatres. 晚上，记得去当地的一家剧院欣赏京剧。 ① remember to do sth 记得去做某事（未做）；remember doing sth 记得做过某事（已做） ② one of + the + 名词复数 ……之一，谓语动词用单数 语法：冠词 a/an/the 与方位介词 1. 冠词用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物，分为不定冠词 a/an、定冠词 the 和零冠词（不用冠词）。 2. 不定冠词 a/an 的用法 （1）泛指某一个人或事物，相当于“一个”。 Beijing is the capital of China. Tian'anmen Square is a square in the centre of the city. （2）a 用在以辅音音素开头的词前，an 用在以元音音素开头的词前；判断依据是读音，不是字母。 a university / a useful book / a one-year-old baby（/j/、/w/ 是辅音音素） an hour / an honest man（h 不发音） an 8-year-old boy / an old friend of mine （3）表示“每一”，相当于 per：twice a week 一周两次。 （4）用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”：a second time 再一次。 3. 定冠词 the 的用法 （1）特指某（些）人或事物，或上文已经提到过的人或事物。 （2）指说话双方都知道的人或事物。 （3）指世界上独一无二的事物：the sun、the moon、the earth。 （4）用在序数词和形容词最高级前：the first day、the best place。 （5）用在某些专有名词前：the Great Wall、the Palace Museum、the Summer Palace、the UK。 （6）用在乐器名词前：play the piano 弹钢琴。 4. 零冠词（不用冠词）的情况 （1）泛指的复数名词和不可数名词前：Books are my best friends. （2）人名、国家、城市等专有名词前：China、Mike、Beijing。 （3）星期、月份、季节、节日前：on Monday、in March、in spring。 （4）三餐和球类运动前：have breakfast、play football。 （5）by + 交通工具：by underground、by bus、by train。 （6）固定搭配：at night、go to school、in front of。 5. 常见方位介词 （1）in 在……里面；on 在……上面（与表面接触）；at 在（某一点） （2）in front of 在（物体外部的）前面；in the front of 在（物体内部的）前部 （3）behind 在……后面；beside = next to 在……旁边；near 在……附近；opposite 在……对面 （4）between A and B 在 A 与 B 两者之间；among 在（三者或三者以上）之间 （5）inside 在……内；outside 在……外 （6）above 在……斜上方，below 在……斜下方（不接触，常用来表示楼层、温度） over 在……正上方，under 在……正下方 （7）on the left/right 在左/右边；in the centre of 在……的中心 6. 方位介词短语置于句首时，句子常倒装，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。 Behind the old man lies a dog. 老人身后躺着一只狗。（主语是 a dog，谓语用 lies） 7. Shall we do sth? 用来提建议、征求意见，只与 I/we 连用。 —Shall we take them to the cinema? 咱们带他们去看电影好吗？ —Sure. / That sounds great. / Good idea. 8. It takes (sb) some time to do sth. 做某事花费（某人）多长时间。 It takes only 40 minutes by underground. 乘地铁只需要 40 分钟。 对距离提问用 How far is it from… to…? 9. enough 的用法 ① enough 修饰名词，放在名词前或后均可：enough food / food enough ② enough 修饰形容词或副词时要后置：big enough 足够大 ③ be enough for… 对……来说足够 10. 动词不定式作定语时要放在被修饰词之后。 There are lots of things to do. 有许多事情可做。 Pronunciation 1. 单词重音 （1）单音节词单独朗读时都重读。 （2）双音节词的重音多数落在第一个音节上。 （3）部分双音节词的重音落在第二个音节上，这类词多为动词。 （4）三个或三个以上音节的词，重音多在倒数第三个音节上。 （5）以 ‑tion、‑sion 结尾的词，重音落在该音节前面的那个音节上。 （6）复合词的重音多落在第一个词上。 2. 朗读时，重读音节要读得响亮、清晰、略长；非重读音节常弱读为 /ə/。 Integration 1. different places of interest 不同的名胜古迹 2. a city walk 城市漫步 3. row a boat 划船 4. traditional Chinese tea 中国传统茶 5. local artists 当地艺术家 6. the Brighton i360 tower 布赖顿 i360 观光塔 7. amazing views of the city and the sea 城市和大海的迷人景色 8. fish and chips 炸鱼薯条 9. traditional way of life 传统的生活方式 10. fantastic sunset 迷人的日落 11. write about one's hometown 写写自己的家乡 12. Daniel is planning activities for the exchange students. 丹尼尔正在为交换生安排活动。 13. They will visit Tian'anmen Square, the Palace Museum and the Great Wall. 他们将参观天安门广场、故宫博物院和长城。 14. When you visit Brighton, go for a walk by the sea. 当你游览布赖顿时，去海边散散步。 ① go for a walk 去散步 ② by the sea 在海边 15. You can also try some traditional British food like fish and chips. 你还可以尝尝炸鱼薯条之类的传统英国食物。 like (prep.) 像；例如 16. My hometown is a small town in the south of China. 我的家乡是中国南方的一个小镇。 in the south of… 在……（范围内部）的南部 17. It is famous for its green mountains and clear rivers. 它以青山绿水而闻名。 ① be famous for… 因……而闻名 ② be famous as… 作为……而闻名 18. When visitors come, I usually take them to the old street to get a taste of local life. 有游客来时，我通常带他们去老街感受当地生活。 19. What's your favourite place in your hometown? Why do you like it? 你家乡最喜欢的地方是什么？你为什么喜欢它？ 20. I hope you will enjoy the beautiful views and delicious food in my hometown. 希望你会喜欢我家乡的美景和美食。 hope to do sth / hope (that) + 从句 希望……（不能说 hope sb to do sth） Unit 4　Chinese folk art（中国民间艺术） 知识清单 单元导引 1. Folk art is an important part of Chinese culture. 民间艺术是中国文化的重要组成部分。 2. Talk about traditional Chinese crafts. 谈论中国传统手工艺。 3. Learn to use “noun + 's” and possessive adjectives and pronouns. 学会使用名词所有格以及形容词性、名词性物主代词。 4. Write about a traditional Chinese craft. 介绍一种中国传统手工艺。 Welcome to the unit 1. traditional Chinese crafts 中国传统手工艺 2. china 瓷器 3. made from clay 由黏土制成 ① be made from 由……制成（成品中看不出原材料） ② be made of 由……制成（成品中看得出原材料） ③ be made in + 地点 在某地被制造 ④ be made by + 某人 由某人制造 4. zisha teapots 紫砂壶 5. woodcarving 木雕（品） 6. carve a scene 雕刻一个场景 7. Chinese lanterns 中国灯笼 8. made of wood/bamboo/silk/paper 由木头/竹子/丝绸/纸制成 9. traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日 10. a silk lantern 丝绸灯笼 11. the Lantern Festival 元宵节 12. What traditional crafts do you like? 你喜欢什么传统手工艺？ 13. I love Chinese lanterns. They look so pretty at night with different colours. 我喜欢中国灯笼，它们晚上五颜六色，非常漂亮。 ① look + adj. 看起来……（look 作连系动词） ② with different colours 有着不同的颜色 14. Zisha teapots are made from a special type of clay and make tea taste good. 紫砂壶由一种特殊的黏土制成，能让茶更可口。 ① a type of… 一种…… ② make sb/sth do sth 使某人/某物做某事 15. Woodcarving often has scenes from traditional stories and takes hours to make. 木雕常取材于传统故事中的场景，要花上几个小时才能做成。 16. My grandma has a beautiful old lantern. It's made of silk. 我奶奶有一盏漂亮的旧灯笼，它是丝绸做的。 17. What other traditional Chinese crafts do you know? 你还知道其他什么中国传统手工艺？ what other + 名词复数 其他什么…… Reading 1. the art of paper-cutting 剪纸艺术 2. paper-cut master 剪纸大师 3. a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 a pair of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词与 pair 保持一致 4. works of paper-cutting 剪纸作品 work (n.) 作品（可数）；工作（不可数） 5. in the shape of 以……的形状 6. express wishes 表达愿望 ① express (v.) 表达 ② expression (n.) 表达；表情 7. put up on windows and doors 贴在门窗上 put up 张贴；举起；搭建 8. for good luck 祈求好运 9. double happiness 双喜（剪纸） 10. new couple 新婚夫妇 11. zhubaoping'an 竹报平安 12. safe and healthy life 平安健康的生活 13. warmth and life of folk art 民间艺术的温度与生命力 14. You don't need much to start paper-cutting — just a pair of scissors or a knife and some paper. 开始学剪纸不需要太多东西——只要一把剪刀或一把刻刀，再加一些纸。 15. Zhao Yue is a great master of paper-cutting. Her works are in the shape of flowers, birds, fish and landscapes. 赵悦是一位优秀的剪纸大师，她的作品有花、鸟、鱼和风景等形状。 16. At the Spring Festival, we put up paper-cuts on windows and doors for good luck. 春节时，我们把剪纸贴在门窗上祈求好运。 17. The “double happiness” paper-cut is often put up in new couples' homes for good wishes. “双喜”剪纸常贴在新婚夫妇家中，寄托美好的祝愿。 new couples' homes 复数名词以 ‑s 结尾，只加 “'” 构成所有格 18. The bamboo paper-cut is called zhubaoping'an, which means “I wish you a safe and healthy life”. 这幅竹子剪纸叫“竹报平安”，意思是“祝你平安健康”。 be called 被称为…… 19. Paper-cutting is a traditional folk art full of warmth and life. 剪纸是一门充满温度与生命力的传统民间艺术。 (be) full of… 充满……（= be filled with…） 语法：名词所有格与物主代词 1. 名词所有格表示“……的”，用来表明所属关系。 2. 's 所有格的构成 （1）单数名词后加 's：my dad's lantern、Zhao Yue's paper-cuts （2）以 ‑s 结尾的复数名词只加 “'”：my parents' zisha teapots、the twins' room （3）不以 ‑s 结尾的复数名词仍加 's：children's paper-cuts、Women's Day （4）表示两者共同所有，只在最后一个名词后加 's：Lucy and Lily's room 露西和莉莉（共有）的房间 表示两者各自所有，两个名词都要加 's，且后面的名词用复数：Lucy's and Lily's rooms （5）表示时间、距离、国家等也可用 's：an hour's bus ride 一小时的车程、China's history 中国的历史 （6）表示店铺、住宅、诊所等时，'s 后的名词常省略：at the doctor's 在诊所、at my uncle's 在我叔叔家 3. of 所有格多用于无生命的事物，结构是“中心词 + of + 修饰语”。 the capital of China 中国的首都；the windows of the classroom 教室的窗户 4. 双重所有格：of + 名词性物主代词 / of + 名词's，表示“……中的一个”。 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友；a friend of my father's 我父亲的一位朋友 a photo of mine 我（所拥有）的一张照片（照片上不一定是我） 5. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词：my　your　his　her　its　our　your　their 名词性物主代词：mine　yours　his　hers　its　ours　yours　theirs 6. 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在名词前作定语，不能单独使用。 This is her silk lantern. 这是她的丝绸灯笼。 7. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”，后面不能再接名词，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。 This paper-cut is mine. 这幅剪纸是我的。（= my paper-cut） 8. 变化口诀：my 变 mine，his 和 its 不变，其余词尾加 ‑s。 your → yours　her → hers　our → ours　their → theirs 9. 名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由它所代指的事物决定。 —Whose books are these? —They are his. Yours are over there. 10. 用 whose 提问所属关系：Whose paper-cut is this? 这是谁的剪纸？ Pronunciation 1. 句子重读：英语句子中，表达主要意义的词一般重读，起语法作用的词一般弱读。 2. 通常重读的词：名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、数词、指示代词、疑问词和否定词。 3. 通常弱读的词：冠词、介词、连词、人称代词、be 动词和助动词。 4. 需要强调或对比时，原本弱读的词也可以重读。 These Chinese knots are THEIRS, not OURS. 这些中国结是他们的，不是我们的。 5. 朗读时要做到重读清楚、弱读轻快，重读音节之间的间隔大致相等。 Integration 1. Huishan clay figures 惠山泥人 2. black clay 黑黏土 3. local colour 地方特色 4. made in moulds 用模具制作 5. hand-made 手工制作的 6. traditional operas 传统戏曲 7. Chinese kites 中国风筝 8. flying kites 放风筝 9. Weifang Kite Festival 潍坊风筝节 10. folk art museum 民间艺术博物馆 11. cultural value 文化价值 12. Huizhou inkstick 徽州墨条 13. main material 主要材料 14. works of art 艺术品 15. Huishan clay figures from Wuxi are made from black clay and have strong local colour. 无锡的惠山泥人由黑黏土制成，具有浓郁的地方特色。 16. Some Huishan clay figures are in the shape of cute kids and animals, expressing wishes for good luck. 有些惠山泥人是可爱的小孩和动物造型，寄托着祈求好运的愿望。 expressing… 现在分词短语作伴随状语 17. Chinese kites are made of wood, bamboo, paper and silk, with cool shapes like dragons and planes. 中国风筝由木头、竹子、纸和丝绸制成，有龙、飞机等酷炫造型。 18. Weifang holds a kite festival every April. It's a popular outdoor activity. 潍坊每年四月举办风筝节，这是一项很受欢迎的户外活动。 19. The Huizhou inkstick has a history of over 1,000 years and was popular with ancient writers and painters. 徽州墨条有一千多年的历史，深受古代文人墨客的喜爱。 ① have a history of… 有……的历史 ② be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 20. Folk art is an important part of Chinese culture. We should learn to love and protect it. 民间艺术是中国文化的重要组成部分，我们应该学会热爱并保护它。 21. What's special about Chinese folk art? It comes from ordinary people's lives and uses everyday materials. 中国民间艺术有什么特别之处？它源自普通人的生活，用日常材料制作。 Unit 5　Animal friends（动物朋友） 知识清单 单元导引 1. Animals make our lives whole.动物让我们的生活变得完整。 whole adj.全部的；完整的 the whole day 一整天 n. 整个 as a whole 总体上 2. find some fun facts about animals 发现一些有关动物的有趣事实 3. taste things with their feet 用它们脚尝味道 4. find their way by listening 靠听觉找到它们的路 5. be awake at night 晚上是醒着的 awake adj.醒着的 be wide awake 毫无睡意 wake v.醒来 wake up 醒来，唤醒=come to oneself 苏醒过来 6. eat up to 1200 insects in an hour 一小时之内能吃多达1200只虫子 live up to 活到…岁 be up to sb 是…职责；由…决定 it is up to you 这取决于你 7. lift things 50 times their own weight 举起自身重量50倍的东西 lift n.电梯 take the lift 乘电梯 give sb a lift 让某人搭便车 weight n.重量 the weight of…的重量 lose weight 减肥 询问体重：What's the weight of…?……的重量 How heavy is/are…? How much does it weigh? weigh v.称重量 8. take in air through the hole on both sides of their body 通过身体两侧的孔吸入空气 take in 吸收，理解；欺骗 through 内部穿过，门、窗、隧道 through the window/door/gate/tunnel across 表面穿过，横穿过 walk across the road 9. Each of them makes less than one gram of honey in its life.它们每一个一生所酿的蜂蜜不到1克。 Reading 1. keep sth as a pet 养…作为宠物 2. the cleverest animal of all 所有动物中最聪明的 3. run after 追逐； run into 遇到（困难）等； run out (of) 用光 4. love to collect sticks 喜欢捡树枝 stick n.枝条；棍 v. 粘贴 stick to doing sth 坚持做某事 5. have a fight with sb=fight with sb 与某人打架 6. I'll look after him till the end.我会照顾他直到最后。 look after… well = take good care of… 【look相关短语】 look for 寻找 look around 环顾 look up 查阅，向上看 look forward to 期望 look through 浏览 7. way up into the sky 直冲云霄 8. forget to come back to me 忘记回到我身边 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 9. by my side 在我身边 =at sb's side 【拓展】side by side 并肩；并排 on/from every side 从四面八方 from side to side 左右来回（摇摆） 10. climb trees a lot 经常爬树 a lot 副词短语，修饰动词，形容词，副词 a lot of 限定词短语，许多、大量，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 11. She can't speak,but does care.【此句中 does 起强调作用，表示真的，的确】 12. be good at jumping 擅长跳跃 13. take him out for a walk 带他出去散步 14. make any sound 发出任何声音 sound 泛指自然界的任何声音 noise 多指不悦耳的噪声，喧闹声 voice 人的声音，如说话声，唱歌声，嗓音 sound v. sound like 听起来像 15. A rhymes with B　A 和 B 押韵 16. be careful with 对…小心 be careful of/about… 小心…注意 17. leave for 前往某地 leave sp for sp 离开某地去某地 Grammar 1. in the corner of her cage 在她笼子的角落里 around the corner 很近；在附近 2. all the time 总是 3. touch your goldfish 触摸你的金鱼 touch v./n.触摸 touch v.感动 touch one's heart 触动某人的内心 touch sb deeply 深深地触动某人 4. I'm afraid you can't 我恐怕你不能。 be afraid of sth/sb 害怕某人/某事 be afraid to do 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing 害怕做某事 be afraid that…恐怕 5. don't have to feed her much 没必要喂她太多 have to 不得不 客观需要 must 必须 主观看法 feed …to … 把…喂给 feed…with… 用…喂… feed on 以…为食 形容词的用法 ★形容词——我们常用形容词来描述人或物。 (1)形容词可以放在名词前做定语。 ① 他头发很长。 He has long hair. ② 他有两只大耳朵。 He has two big ears. (2)形容词也可以放在系动词后作表语。 ① 今天他很开心。 He is very happy. ② 这只猫很懒。 The cat is very lazy. 【拓展】除 be 动词外，系动词还包括:look(看起来)；sound（听起来）；smell（闻起来）；taste（尝起来）；feel（感觉、摸起来）；seem (似乎)；turn/become/get（变得）,keep（保持）等。这些词后面常接形容词作表语。 ① 我们的英语老师今天看起来很开心。 My English teacher looks very happy today. ② 秋天树叶变黄。 Leaves turn yellow in autumn. (3)形容词作宾语补足语。 ① Fish sleep with eyes open. 【with + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 ② keep the window closed 【keep + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 ③ leave the door open 使门开着【leave+ 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 ④ think Tom clever 【think + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 ⑤ find English easy 【find + 宾语 + 形容词（作宾补）】 (4)形容词作状语 The children came back,hungry and tired.孩子们回来了，又累又饿。 情态动词 can / could / may / might A. can 可表示现在能力或可能性，过去式 could 表示过去的能力和可能性。和其他所有的情态动词一样，can 和 could 后面直接接动词原形，否定形式直接加 not。 (1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 ① —Can you lift this heavy box? —Yes, I can.（体力） ② Mary can speak three languages.（知识） ③ —Can you skate? —No, I can't.（技能） 此时可用 be able to 代替。Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而 be able to 有更多的时态。 Eg. I could ride a bike.可以说成 I was able to ride a bike. 但是 I'll not be able to finish all the work tomorrow morning. 表将来时不可以用 can 替换。 (2) 表示请求和允许。 —Can I go now? —Yes, you can. / No, you can't. 此时可与 may 互换。在疑问句中还可用 could ,might 代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，故不能用于肯定句和答语中。 — Could I come to see you tomorrow? —Yes, you can. ( No, I'm afraid not. ) (3) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 ① Can this be true? 这可能是真的吗? ② This book can't be Tom's. 这本书不可能是汤姆的！ ③ How can this be true? 这怎么可能是真的? B. may, might 的用法。 (1) 表示请求和允许。might 比 may 语气更委婉，而不是过去式。肯定回答用 may,否定回答时 可用 can't 或 mustn't，表示“不可以，禁止”。 —Might/ May I smoke in this room? —Yes, you may.(No, you can't/mustn't.) —May/Might I take this book out of the room? —Yes, you may. (No, you can't / mustn't.) 用 May I…? 征询对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用 Can I…? 在口语中更常见。 (2) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might 不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。 This book may be Lily's. 这本书可能是 Lily 的。 Your mother may know the truth. 你妈妈可能知道真相。 Integration 1. tips for all animals 适合所有动物的提示 tip on/for(doing )sth tip n.小费 v.给小费 2. get design ideas from 从…中获得设计灵感 3. allow ships to see things around them and travel safely 使船只能够“看见”周围的东西并安全航行（雷达的发明正是受动物的启发） allow sb to do sth=be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 4. listen for the echo 留心听回声 5. be friends with sb 与某人成为朋友 6. cheer us up 使我们振奋 7. work as a team 团队合作 8. be useful to sb 对某人有用 be useful for (doing) sth 对（做）某事有用的 a useful book 一本有用的书 9. help people save lives 帮助人们挽救生命 save sb's life 拯救某人的生命 save sb/sth from 拯救某人/某物，使之免于…… 10. have a special relationship 有着特殊的关系 11. respect and care for all living things 尊重关爱所有的生物 12. With a big head,short legs and a small round body,he looks quite cute.他头大，腿短，有小而圆的身体，看起来相当可爱。【with 作伴随状语】 13. make loud noise 发出响亮的噪声 14. care for 照料；喜欢 care about 关心，在意 take care 小心；当心；保重 15. be happy to do sth 开心做某事=be pleased to do sth 16. be/feel down 感到低落 be down in the mouth 闷闷不乐 let sb down 让某人失望 17. have so much fun together 一起玩得很开心 短语句型背诵 Welcome to the unit 1. Animals make our lives whole.动物使我们的生活变得完整。 2. Read poems about two different animals.读两首关于动物的诗。 3. Learn how amazing animals are.了解动物有多神奇。 4. Better understand the importance of animals in our lives.更好地理解动物在我们生活中的重要性。 5. Millie found some fun facts about animals.米莉发现了一些关于动物的有趣事实。 6. They taste things with their feet.它们用脚品尝食物。 7. They find their way by listening.它们听音辨路。 8. They are awake at night and can eat up to 1,200 insects in an hour.它们晚上醒着，一小时可以吃掉1200只昆虫。 9. They can lift things 50 times their own weight.它们能举起比自己重50倍的东西。 10. They take in air through the holes on both sides of their body.它们通过身体两侧的孔洞吸入空气。 11. All workers are girls. 所有的工蜂都是雌蜂。 12. Each of them makes less than one gram of honey in its life.它们一生只酿不到一克蜂蜜。 13. What facts about animals do you know?你知道关于动物的哪些事实？ 14. I know butterflies taste with their feet.我知道蝴蝶用它们的脚品尝东西。 15. Do you know that some snails can sleep for up to three years?你知道有些蜗牛可以睡长达三年吗？ 16. I know an ant can lift a thing 50 times its own weight.我知道一只蚂蚁能举起比自己重50倍的东西。 17. I'd like to be that strong.我想变得那么强壮。 18. Then I can carry over 2,500 kilograms!然后我就可以搬2500多千克的东西了！ 19. I'll have to call you “Strong Simon”.我得叫你“大力西蒙”。 Reading 1. What animals do people keep as pets in your neighbourhood?在你的社区里，人们养什么动物当宠物？ 2. My dog is the cleverest animal of all.我的狗是所有动物中最聪明的。 3. He doesn't just run after a ball.他不仅仅追着球跑。 4. He can do wonderful tricks, and loves to collect sticks.他会玩精彩的把戏，喜欢收集木棍。 5. He never bites, and doesn't like fights.他从不咬人，不喜欢打架。 6. He loves to eat and he loves to play.他爱吃爱玩。 7. My dog is my very best friend.我的狗是我最好的朋友。 8. I'll look after him till the end.我会照顾他直到最后。 9. My cat has soft fur,and loves to purr.我的猫有柔软的毛，喜欢咕噜咕噜叫。 10. She can jump really high, way up into the sky.她能跳得很高，一直跳到天上。 11. She has a pair of blue eyes, and likes to run after butterflies.她有双蓝色的眼睛，喜欢追蝴蝶。 12. Sometimes she climbs a tall tree, but never forgets to come back to me.有时她爬到高树上，但是从来不会忘记回到我身边。 13. When I'm lonely, she's always there.当我孤独的时候，她总是在那里。 14. She can't speak, but does care.她不会说话，但是确实关心。 15. When I need a friend or feel sad, she is always by my side.当我需要一个朋友或者感觉伤心时，她总是在我的身边。 16. …rhymes with… …与…押韵 17. The dog is clever because he can do tricks.狗很聪明因为他会玩戏法。 18. She is usually friendly, but be careful with your hands—she sometimes bites.她通常很友好，但是小心你的手，有时她会咬人。 19. Polly is very clever and can learn to sing simple songs.波莉很聪明，会唱简单的歌曲。 20. She does some tricks to make me laugh when I am sad.当我难过的时候，她做一些把戏逗我发笑。 21. She says “Hello” when you come into the room and says “Goodbye” when you leave.当你走进房间时，她说“你好”，当你离开时，她说“再见”。 22. I like to look after her.我喜欢照顾她。 23. I never forget to play with her when I have time!当我有时间时，我从不会忘记和她一起玩。 24. He has beautiful white fur and long ears.他有美丽的白色皮毛和长长的耳朵。 25. He is very quiet and seldom makes any sound.他很安静，很少发出任何声音。 26. He doesn't like to stay at home alone, so I often take him out for a walk.他不喜欢一个人待在家里，所以我经常带他出去散步。 27. He likes to run after me in the open air.他喜欢在户外追着我跑。 28. With my pet rabbit, I never feel lonely.和我的宠物兔在一起，我从不觉得孤单。 Grammar & Pronunciation 1. The orange cat looks cute.这只橘猫看起来很可爱。 2. When she gets tired, she sleeps in the corner of her cage.当她累了，她就在笼子的角落里睡觉。 3. She makes a soft sound when she is hungry.当她饿的时候，她会发出柔软的声音。 4. He is a special friend of mine.他是我的一个特别的朋友。 5. He is very clever and knows his name.他非常聪明，也知道自己的名字。 6. He runs over to see me when I call him.我叫他的时候，他就跑过来见我。 7. He is happy all the time.他一直都很快乐。 8. May I touch your goldfish?我可以摸你的金鱼吗？ 9. I'm afraid you can't.恐怕不能。 10. Could you help me look after my dog,please?你能帮我照顾我的狗吗？ 11. When she was young, she could jump really high.她年轻的时候，真的能跳得很高。 12. He's a little old.他有点儿老了。 13. May I write about my aunt's dog for my homework?我的作业可以写我姑姑的狗吗？ 14. She likes to sleep in a hat.她喜欢睡在帽子里。 15. She loves lying in the sun.她喜欢躺在阳光下。 16. My goldfish is a wonderful pet.我的金鱼是一只很棒的宠物。 17. She doesn't need a bed.她不需要一张床。 18. We don't have to feed her much.我们不必喂她太多。 19. She doesn't need a gentle touch.她不需要温柔的抚摸。 20. She doesn't make a sound.她没有发出声音。 21. Just swims all around.只是四处游动。 22. She isn't any trouble.她一点儿也不麻烦。 Integration —— Further Study 1. They have only seven bones in their long neck!它们的长脖子上只有7根骨头。 2. They sleep through the winter. 它们睡过一整个冬天。 3. Humans have a lot to thank animals for.人类有很多事情要感谢动物。 4. For example, we get design ideas from animals to help us make new things.例如，我们从动物那里获得设计灵感，帮助我们创造新事物。 5. Radar allows ships to “see” things around them and travel safely.雷达可以让船只看到周围的东西，从而安全航行。 6. The idea comes from bats.这个想法来自蝙蝠。 7. Bats make sounds, and then listen for the echo.蝙蝠发出声音，然后听回声。 8. This echo tells the bats about things around them.这个回声告诉蝙蝠周围的东西。 9. Scientists looked at birds and studied how they fly.科学家观察鸟类，研究它们是怎么飞行的。 10. Then they had the idea of planes.然后他们有了飞机的想法。 11. Planes have a pair of big wings, just like birds.飞机有一对翅膀，就像鸟一样。 12. Do you think it's good for us to be friends with animals?你觉得和动物交朋友对我们有好处吗？ 13. Lots of animals are very friendly.许多动物非常友好。 14. They cheer us up when we feel sad.当我们感到悲伤时，他们让我们振奋起来。 15. I think people can also learn from animals.我觉得人们也可以向动物学习。 16. Ants are hard-working, and they often work as a team.蚂蚁是勤劳的，它们经常团队合作。 17. Some animals can be very useful, like dogs.一些动物可能非常有用，比如狗。 18. They're smart and can even help people save lives.他们很聪明，甚至能帮助人们挽救生命。 19. That's correct.那是正确的。 20. Animals and humans have a special relationship, and we should respect and care for all living things.动物和人类有着特殊的关系，我们应该尊重和爱护所有的生物。 21. I have a pet guinea pig named Teddy.我有一只叫泰迪的宠物豚鼠。 22. He is white and brown and has short fur.它是白棕色的，而且有短短的毛。 23. With a big head, short legs and a small round body, he looks quite cute.它头很大，腿很短，身体又小又圆，看起来很可爱。 24. Teddy eats grass and vegetables every day.泰迪每天吃草和蔬菜。 25. He enjoys running around the house and playing with his toys.他喜欢在家里跑来跑去，玩他的玩具。 26. Teddy is quiet and friendly.泰迪很安静，也很友好。 27. He seldom makes loud noises and he is always happy to see me.他很少发出很大的噪音，而且他总是很高兴见到我。 28. When I come home from school, he runs after me, and that makes me feel happy.当我从学校回到家时，他跟在我后面跑，这让我感觉很高兴。 29. If I am down, Teddy will stay next to me and help me relax.如果我心情不好，泰迪会待在我身边，帮我放松。 30. He always makes me feel better.他总是让我感觉更好。 31. We have so much fun together.我们在一起玩得很开心。 32. I think he is the best pet in the world.我认为他是世界上最好的宠物。 33. It's a story about friendship, loyalty and kindness.这是关于友谊、忠诚和善良的故事。 Unit 6　Beautiful landscapes（美丽的风景） 知识清单 单元导引 1. The beauty of the natural world lies in landscapes. 自然界的美存在于风景里。 the beauty of… ……的美 lie in 位于/存在于 Welcome to the unit 1. Oceans cover about 71 per cent of the earth's surface. 海洋覆盖了地球表面的约71%。 ① cover (v.)占(一片面积)； cover/have an area of… =… in area cover (v.)覆盖；遮盖 cover… with… 用……覆盖…… be covered with… ……被……覆盖 cover(v.)足以支付；包含；涉及 cover(n.)(书刊的)封面封皮；覆盖物；盖子 ② on the surface of… 在……的表面上 2. Deserts are often hot during the day but cold at night. 沙漠白天通常很热，但晚上很冷。 3. Forests help make the air clean. 森林有助于使空气干净。 4. Mountains are high, and they are usually covered with rocks and earth. 山脉很高，通常被岩石和泥土覆盖。 5. Rivers carry water from high ground down to lakes or the sea. 河流将水从高原输送到湖泊或海洋。 carry…from…to… 把……从……带到…… 6. Plains are open and flat. They cover over one-third of the earth's land area. 平原开阔平坦。它们覆盖了地球陆地面积的三分之一以上。 ① flat (adj.)平坦的，平的；(n.)公寓；平地 ② land (n.)陆地；土地 (v.)(使)登陆，(使)下船，(使)着陆 ③ 分数表达法： 分子基数词，分母序数词，分子＞1，分母变复数。 1/3: one-third=one third 2/3 two-thirds=two thirds 特殊的一些分数表示法： 1/2: a half=one half 1/4: one-fourth=one quarter=a quarter 其他分数表示法：5/9: five out of nine 7. It's about 6,300 kilometres long and it runs through different landscapes. 它长约6300公里，穿越不同的景观。 8. What a long river (it is)! 多么长的河！ How long the river is! 9. The Yangtze River rises in the mountains of Qinghai Province and runs all the way to the East China Sea. 长江发源于青海省的山脉中，一路蜿蜒至东海。 rise (vi.)发源；上升，提高；sth rise (n.)上升；增高；提高 run all the way to… 一路奔流到…… Reading 1. I am a river. I have two faces. 我是一条河流，我有两面。 2. I give life: my water is fresh water, so everybody can drink it and use it for farming and washing. 我赋予生命：我的水是淡水，所以每个人都可以饮用它，用它耕作和洗涤。 3. But I am also very powerful. When I flood, I sometimes destroy homes and lives. 但我也非常强大。当洪水泛滥时，我有时摧毁房屋和生命。 ① destroy (vt.)破坏，摧毁 过去式-destroyed；现在分词-destroying；第三人称-destroys ② powerful (adj.)力量大的；有影响力的 power (n.)力量；权力 4. Nothing can get in my way. 没有什么能阻挡我。 get in my/the way 挡我的路 get in the way of sth 妨碍；挡……的路 5. I am a desert. My body is mostly made of sand and I seldom see rain. 我是一片沙漠。我的身体大部分是由沙子组成的，我很少看到雨。 6. I am very hot during the day and very cold at night. 我白天很热，晚上很冷。 7. Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions, but a few plants and animals can survive. 没人想生活在这样艰苦的条件下，但是几种动植物可以生存。 ① conditions (n.)环境，条件 living conditions 居住条件 in … conditions 在……的条件下 in a good/bad condition 状态良好/不佳 ② survive (v.)生存，存活→survivor (n.)幸存者 8. I cover more than two-thirds of the earth's surface, so people call the earth the “Blue Planet”. 我覆盖了超过地球表面的2/3，所以人们叫地球“蓝色星球”。 9. I am home to hundreds of thousands of living things. 我是数十万生物的家园。 ① be home to 是……的家园；是……的所在地 ② hundreds of thousands of… 数十万的；成千上万的 10. I am a forest. I am full of trees, and I produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe. 我是森林，我到处都是树木。我产生氧气供人类和动物呼吸。 ① produce (v.)生产→product (n.)产品；成果 ② breathe (v.)呼吸；呼出 breathe in=take in 吸入；breathe out 呼出 breathe heavily气喘吁吁 breath(n.)气息；呼吸； out of breath上气不接下气 hold one's breath屏住气 take a deep breath深呼吸 11. I wear different colours in different seasons, usually green in summer and golden in autumn. 我在不同的季节穿不同的颜色，通常是夏天绿色的，秋天是金色的。 12. Why is the water from rivers so useful to people? 为什么来自河里的水对人们如此有用？ 13. Because it can give life as well as destroy homes and lives. 因为它可以赋予生命，也可以摧毁房屋和生命。 as well as… 还有…；像…一样好 14. I know it is hot there and the living conditions are difficult, but I think the landscape is quite special. 我知道那里很热，生活条件也很苦，但是我认为那里的风景很特别。 15. It's a great place to see some wonderful night views. 这是欣赏美妙夜景的好地方。 16. I can't wait to visit the Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province, China. 我迫不及待游览中国吉林省的长白山。 can't wait to do sth 迫不及待地想做某事 can't wait for… 急切地等待… 17. I want to breathe in the fresh air. 我想呼吸新鲜空气。 18. It is a very beautiful place and is home to many plants and animals. 它是一个非常漂亮的地方，是许多动植物的家园。 19. In winter, the snow covers the trees and the mountains look like an ocean of white. 冬天，雪覆盖了树木，群山看起来像一片白色的海洋。 20. I would like to go to the Tree River in northern Canada. 我想去加拿大北部的特里河。 21. There is nothing to do there but relax. 在那儿除了放松没有其他事可做。 There is nothing to do but…除了…没事可做 have nothing to do but… 22. A special type of fish called Arctic char can survive here in the very cold waters. 一种叫做北极红点鲑的特殊鱼可以在非常寒冷的水中生存。 23. The river seldom floods, so it is very safe to go there. 这条河很少发洪水，所以那里很安全。 24. How can we get along well with nature? 我们如何跟大自然和谐共处？ get along well with… 与…友好相处/和谐共处 语法：不定代词与感叹句 1. 不定代词 someone某人；somebody某人；something某事 anyone 任何人；anybody 任何人；anything 任何事 no one没人；nobody没人；nothing没有什么 everyone每人；everybody人人；everything一切 ① 不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数 ② 不定代词+adj/else；不定代词+to do ③ 在表示请求、邀请、提议等并希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some-类复合不定代词 ④ anything任何事，anyone/anybody任何人 ⑤ every-类复合不定代词与否定词连用时，表示部分否定；not everyone 不是每个人 ⑥ no-可以转换为 not any- 2. 感叹句 （1）结构： What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 || 主语 + 谓语（主谓可省略） What + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 || 主语 + 谓语（主谓可省略） How + adj./adv. || 主语 + 谓语（主谓可省略） （2）判断用 What/How 的方法： ① 先确定谓语动词，并找到谓语动词前的主语 ② 在主语前划“||”(没有主语，直接在句末划“||”) ③ 判断余下结构 只剩：形容词或副词，用 How 还剩：形容词+名词， 1）复数名词或不可数名词用 What 2）可数名词单数用 What a/an 3. There seems to be something in the river. 河里似乎有东西。 There seems to be…(某地)似乎有 4. I can't see anybody up the mountain. 我看不到山上有任何人。 5. Everything is ready for our trip to the forest. 一切都为我们的森林之旅做好了准备。 6. There is someone sitting by the campfire. There isn't anyone else with him. He may be lonely. 有人坐在篝火旁。没有其他人和他在一起。他可能很孤独。 7. Nobody is camping with him. He's alone. 没有人和他一起露营。他孤身一人。 camp (n.)营地 (vi.)露营；宿营 camp with go camping 去野营 8. Not everybody likes camping, but the man seems to enjoy it. 不是每个人都喜欢露营，但这个男人似乎很喜欢露营。 not everybody, 不是每个人（部分否定） 9. I can see a fire, but the man isn't cooking anything. 我能看到一个篝火，但那个人什么都没煮。 make a fire生火 catch fire着火(动作) be on fire着火(状态) 10. It looks like there is nothing to eat. 看起来没有什么可吃的。 11. I think he has got everything ready for a good night's sleep. 我想他已经为睡个好觉做好了一切准备。 12. What a beautiful view! 多么漂亮的风景啊！ 13. The Songhua River runs through Heilongjiang and Jilin and it's about 2,300 kilometres long. 松花江流经黑龙江和吉林，长约2300公里。 山川，河流前要加the 流经山川、城市、省份要用介词through 14. The land along the Songhua River is very good for growing corn. 松花江沿岸的土地非常适合种植玉米。 be good for doing sth 对…有好处/适合 15. The farmers must love the river. 农民们一定热爱这条河。 must表示肯定推测，一定 16. The landscape along the river is very beautiful. 江边的风景非常美丽。 17. What's the best way to see the Songhua River? 观看松花江最好的方法是什么？ the best way to do sth 最好的做某事的方法 18. Just take a boat trip, and you can enjoy the nice views along the river. 只要乘船旅行，你就可以欣赏沿岸的美景。 19. I'll ask each student to talk about their favourite landscape next week. 我会让每个学生下周谈论下他们最喜欢的风景。 Pronunciation 1. 语调： （1）陈述句：降调 带有惊讶或怀疑语气的陈述句：升调 （2）一般疑问句：升调 （3）特殊疑问句：降调 （4）有or的选择疑问句：前升调，后降调 （5）反意疑问句：前降调，后升调 2. during this summer holiday 在这个暑假期间 3. The weather is perfect for walking at this time of year. 每年的这个时候，天气都很适合散步。 ① be perfect for doing sth 非常适合做某事 be perfect to do sth ② go for a walk 去散步 take a walk=go walking 4. The air is very fresh with many trees and flowers around. 空气真的很清新，周围有许多花草树木。 5. We can ride a bike through the forest. 我们可以骑自行车穿越森林。 Integration 1. In Zhangye, Gansu Province, you can see beautiful red hills. 在甘肃省张掖市，你可以看到美丽的红色山丘。 2. The name of this landscape is the Danxia landform. 这片景观的名字叫丹霞地貌。 3. It is a natural wonder and a treat for your eyes. 它是一个自然的奇迹，也是一种视觉的享受。 treat (n.)乐事；款待 give sb. a treat 款待某人 treat (v.)招待；请(客)；治疗；对待；把…看作 treat…as…把…看作… treatment (n.)处理；对待，待遇；治疗；疗法 4. The Yadan landform in North-west China is very unusual. 在中国西北部的雅丹地貌是非常不寻常的。 usual (adj.)平常的→usually (adv.)通常 as usual 像往常一样；照例 unusual (adj.)不寻常的 5. This landform is made of sandstone in strange shapes. 这种地貌由形状奇特的砂岩组成。 ① strange (adj.)奇怪的；陌生的；生疏的 strangely (adv.)奇怪地；不寻常地 stranger (n.)陌生人 be strange to sb.对某人陌生 ② in…shapes 以…的形状 in the shape of… 6. It takes millions of years for these shapes to form. 这些形状的形成要花数百万年。 form (v.)(使)出现，产生 form (n.)形式；类型；表格 in the form of 以…的形式 7. It is a great example of the power of wind and time. 它是风和时间力量的一个很好的例子。 power (n.)权力；能力；力量；威力；影响力；能；能量；电；电力 powerful (adj.)力量大的；有影响力的 8. a great place to take a photo 拍照的好地方 a good place for a rest 休息的好地方 9. different types of bamboo 不同类型的竹子 10. look like a Chinese dragon 看起来像一条中国龙 11. snow on the top all year round 山顶一年四季有雪 12. high up in the mountains 在高山上 13. go for a boat trip 乘船游览 14. I want to go to Red Beach in Liaoning Province. It looks like a sea of red plants. 我想去辽宁省的红海滩。它看起来像一片红色植物的海洋。 15. He saw a fantastic sea of clouds. 他看到了一片梦幻般的云海。 16. You can only see that amazing view about 50 days of a year. 你一年中只能看到大约50天的壮丽景色。 17. Huangshan, more than beautiful 黄山，美不胜收 18. Huangshan is in the south of Anhui Province in East China. 黄山位于中国东部的安徽省南部。 19. It is only about 1,900 metres high, but it is one of the most amazing mountains in China. 它只有大约1900米高，但是它是中国最令人惊叹的山脉之一。 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，谓语动词用单数 20. Mount Huangshan is famous for its pine trees and rocks in strange shapes, a wonderful sea of clouds, and relaxing hot springs. 黄山因松树和奇形怪状的岩石，美妙的云海，和令人放松的温泉而出名。 be famous for… 因…著名 be famous as… 作为…而出名 21. In winter, snow covers the mountain and it becomes a white wonderland. 冬天，白雪覆盖了这座山，变成了一个白色的仙境。 22. There are several ways to enjoy the beauty of Mount Huangshan. 有几种方式可以享受黄山的美景。 several (det.&pron.)几个；数个（至少三个） a few…几个 a couple of…几个 23. You can walk up paths and steps to the top or take a cable car. 你可以走小路或台阶到峰顶，或者乘坐缆车。 ① step (n.)台阶，梯级；脚步；步骤 (vi.)踩；踏；迈步 take the first step 迈出第一步；开一个头 watch your step 注意脚下；小心台阶；小心行事 ② get to the top 登顶 24. From the top, you can enjoy an amazing view. 从山顶，你能欣赏令人惊叹的风景。 25. Many people like to stay overnight on the mountain to watch the sunrise or sunset. 许多人喜欢在山上过夜看日出或日落。 before sunrise 日出前 at sunrise 日出时；黎明时 at sunset 日落时 Further study 1. the wonders of our planet 我们星球的奇观 2. find out more about different places on the earth 了解更多关于地球上不同地方的信息 find out 发现，查明，了解 Unit 7　Outdoor fun（户外活动的乐趣） 知识清单 单元导引 1. The outdoors creates happy and healthy people. 户外活动造就了快乐和健康的人们。 2. find out how to stay safe during an outdoor activity 弄清楚如何在户外活动期间保持安全。 3. Outdoor activities help us get close to nature and relax. 户外活动使我们亲近自然，放松身心。 Welcome to the unit 1. I want to take a break from city life and be close to nature. 我想从城市生活中抽身休息一下，亲近大自然。 ① break (n.) 休息 take a break break (vt.) 弄坏；打破（过去式 broke；过去分词 broken）；broken (adj.) 坏了的 ② be/get close to… 亲近… 2. I need to work on my balance to become a better dancer. 我需要锻炼我的平衡能力，成为一个更好的舞者。 ① work on 致力于… ② balance (n.) 平衡能力；平衡 keep a balance between …and … 保持…和…之间的平衡 (vt.) sth balance sth …平衡… ③ try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 3. I don't want to spend my pocket money on sport. 我不想把我的零花钱花在运动上。 4. I have to save my money to take an online computer class. 我必须存钱去参加线上计算机课程。 5. Maybe I can try skating. 也许我可以尝试滑冰。 I might try jogging. 我可能会尝试慢跑。 maybe (adv.) 也许；可能；副词放句首 may 情态动词+动词原形 may+ be/do might (情态动词may的过去式) may/might 的区别 可能性：may 的可能性较大，might 可能性较小 语气：may 语气直接，might 语气委婉 6. In my free time, I want to go around my town on my own. 我想有空的时候自己在镇上到处转转。 ① free(adj.) 空闲的；免费的；自由的 in one's free time 在某人空闲时 when sb is free=when sb has free time ② on my own=alone=by oneself 独自，单独；独立地 7. What outdoor activity would you like to try? 你想尝试什么户外活动？ 8. I want to go horse riding. 我想骑马。 9. I really want to learn how to do it. 我真的想学习如何去做。 how to do it 怎么做; how to deal with it如何处理 what to do 做什么; what to do with it如何处理 10. What's fun about skiing? 滑雪有什么好玩的？ It would be wonderful to be in the mountains, with all that snow. 如果能在山上，白雪皑皑，那就太好了。 Reading 1. Would you like to go on a cycling trip? 你想进行一次骑行之旅吗？ 2. How would you prepare for a cycling trip? 你将如何准备一次自行车旅行？ 3. Yesterday I went on a cycling trip with my friends. 昨天我和朋友一起去骑自行车旅行。 4. It was an amazing experience. 这是一段令人惊奇的经历。 experience (n.) 经验(不可数)；经历(可数) (vt.) 经历 experienced (adj.) 有经验的 5. After breakfast, we set off for a little village. 早饭后，我们出发去小村庄。 set off for sp. 出发去某地 6. We followed the map on my phone, but it did not give enough details about the countryside. 我们按照手机上的地图走，但它没有提供关于乡村的足够细节。 follow (v.) 遵循；跟随 follow me=come with me 跟我来 follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 following (adj.) 接下来的 7. We got lost! 我们迷路了。 lost (adj.) 迷路的，迷失的； get/be lost=lose one's way; lose (v.) 失去，被…夺去；输掉；迷失，丢失 lose weight 减肥; lose heart 失去信心; lose one's life 丧生; lose oneself in… 沉迷于……；专心致志于…… loss (n.) 丧失，损失；失败；the loss of… ……的损失 8. None of us knew the right way. 我们中没有人知道正确的路。 none (pron.) 没有一个人或物（三者或者三者以上的全部否定） 回答 How many/much, 用 none 回答 What, 用 nothing 回答 Who, 用 nobody, no one 9. I was a little worried, but luckily, a driver stopped and told us which way to go. 我有点儿担心，但幸运的是，一个司机停了下来，告诉了我们走哪条路。 10. We cycled for another hour and then arrived at the village. 我们又骑了一个小时，然后到达了村庄。 ① get to 到达 reach 到达；伸手(脚)够到 arrive 到达；arrive in+大地点；arrive at+小地点； 当“到达”后没有地点作宾语时，只能用arrive；地点副词home/here/there前不要加介词 ② another hour =one more hour 另一个小时 11. The village is in a beautiful and quiet area. 这个村庄位于一个美丽而宁静的地区。 12. After lunch, we walked around and saw all kinds of interesting flowers and plants. 午饭后，我们四处走走，看见各种各样有趣的花和植物。 13. I used an app to find out more about them. 我使用一款应用程序查明更多有关它们的信息。 find out 指通过查找的方式了解或者查明情况 14. We took some great photos. 我们拍了一些很棒的照片。 15. It was really enjoyable. 这真的很愉快。 16. On our way back, Sandy's bike had a problem. 在我们回去的路上，桑迪的自行车出问题了。 on the/one's way to… 在(某人)去…的路上 17. Daniel took out his tools. 丹尼尔拿出他的工具。 18. We all helped repair Sandy's bike. 我们都帮忙修理了桑迪的自行车。 19. We were a little tired, but we were proud of our teamwork. 我们有点儿累，但为我们的团队合作感到自豪。 proud (adj.) 自豪的，骄傲的 be proud of… 为…感到自豪 be proud to do sth 做某事感到骄傲 pride (n.) 骄傲；可以引以为豪的人或物 the pride of… …的骄傲 20. We had a lot of fun and learnt about nature. 我们玩得很开心，还学到了关于大自然的知识。 21. I can't wait to do it again. 我迫不及待想再做一次。 22. I went horse riding last weekend with my cousin John. 上周末我和我的表弟约翰一起去骑马。 23. We set off early in the morning. 我们一大早就出发了。 24. We followed a path through a big forest. 我们沿着一条小路穿过一片大森林。 25. I used the map on my phone for help and then found the way. 我用我手机上的地图寻求帮助，然后找到了路。 26. I was proud of myself for dealing with the problem on my own. 我为自己独自处理问题而感到自豪。 27. I went hiking in the countryside with my best friend, Jake, last month. 上个月，我和我最好的朋友杰克一起去乡下远足。 28. The first part of the walk was easy, but soon we had to walk up some hills. 步行的前半部分很容易，但是很快我们就不得不走上一些山丘。 29. Luckily the rain stopped half an hour later. 幸运地是雨在半小时后停了。 30. It was very late when we arrived home. 当我们到家的时候已经很晚了。 31. It was my first hiking experience. I will never forget it. 这是我第一次徒步旅行的经历。我将永远不会忘记它。 语法：一般过去时 1. 一般过去时 ① 我们用一般过去时谈论在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 ② 常见的表示过去时间的状语： in 2008 在2008年; just now刚才; yesterday昨天 yesterday morning/afternoon/evening昨天早/中/晚 the day before yesterday前天 last night/week/month/year昨夜/上周/上个月/去年 two years ago(时间段+ ago) 两年前 the other day那天，前几天 before以前；in the past 在过去 ③ 动词过去式的变化规则 (1)以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，直接加 d； (2)以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，去掉 y，再加 ied；如：reply; try; study； 以元音字母加 y 结尾的动词+ed；如：play, stay, enjoy (3)以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 ed。 chat; fit; jog; plan; shop; stop; travel; step 注意不双写：fix; listen; mix; open; row; visit; wait; allow; relax (4)不规则变化（见课本后不规则动词变化表P130） ④ 动词词尾的-ed 发音规则 （1）在清辅音后面，-ed 读作/t/ （2）在元音或浊辅音后面，-ed 读作/d/ （3）在以字母 t 或 d 结尾的动词后面，-ed 读作/id/ ⑤ 基本句式 (1) be动词的一般过去时 肯定句 was/were 否定句 was/were not 一般疑问句 was/were 提前 (2) 行为动词的一般过去时 肯定句 sb did sth 否定句 sb didn't do sth 一般疑问句--Did sb do sth； 回答---Yes, sb did. /--No, sb didn't 2. Last term, I tried roller skating for the first time. 上学期，我第一次尝试滑旱冰。 do sth. for the first time 第一次做某事 3. At first, I could not even stand up on my skates. 起初，我甚至不能穿溜冰鞋站起来。 4. He helped me practise, and little by little, I found it very enjoyable. 他帮助我练习，渐渐地，我发现这很有趣。 ① little by little 缓慢地，逐渐地 ② find+宾语+宾语补足语 find/make/think + it + adj +for sb+ to do sth 发现/使/认为做…对…来说… 5. Now I'm not so afraid of skating. 现在我不那么害怕滑冰了。 6. I'm going to have my skating lesson at the weekend. 我打算周末上滑冰课。 7. My family planned a camping trip with my aunt's family last week. 我家上周计划了一次与我姑姑一家的露营旅行。 8. Mum shopped for all kinds of food in the supermarket. 妈妈在超市里买了各种食物。 9. We met my aunt's family on the way. 我们在路上遇到了我姑姑的家人。 10. They took their pet dog with them. 他们带着他们的宠物狗。 11. It was a great experience, and all of us had lots of fun. 这是一次很棒的经历，我们大家都玩得很开心。 12. I went camping for the first time last weekend. 上周末我第一次去野营。 13. We walked around the lake, and we also went fishing in the lake. 我们绕着湖散步，还在湖里钓了鱼。 14. We had a picnic on the grass. 我们在草地上野餐。 15. I enjoyed the camping trip because of the fresh air and peace and quiet in the countryside. 我喜欢这次露营之旅，因为那里空气清新，乡村祥和而宁静。 because (conj.) 因为； because+句子 because of 因为，由于； because of + 名词/代词/动名词 because 表示动作发生的直接原因，语气很强，用来回答why, because不能和so连用。 16. We stayed at a campsite near a lake. 我们待在湖边的露营地。 17. The view in that area was beautiful. 那个地区的景色很美。 18. We slept in a tent at night. 晚上我们睡在帐篷里。 19. Shirley and I were a little afraid of the dark at first. 雪莉和我最初有点儿怕黑。 20. Dad told some interesting stories about his childhood. 爸爸讲了一些他的童年趣事。 21. I was much more relaxed. 我放松多了。 22. Then I went to sleep to the sound of nature. 然后我听着大自然的声音入睡。 Pronunciation 1. Last weekend, I climbed a mountain with my classmates. 上周末，我和同学们一起爬了一座山。 2. We also invited our form teacher to go with us. 我们还邀请了班主任和我们一起去。 3. We arrived at the foot of the mountain. 我们到达了山脚下。 4. We walked along paths and steps up to the top. 我们沿着小路和台阶一直爬到山顶。 5. When we reached the halfway point up the mountain, we were very tired. 当我们到达半山腰时，我们非常累。 6. We stopped for a short while and then went on. 我们休息了一会，然后继续前进。 7. It took us about three hours to get to the top. 我们花了三个小时到达山顶。 8. The view from the top was fantastic! 山顶的景色太棒了！ 9. I was very tired when I came back home, but it was worth it. 当我回到家时，我非常疲惫，但这是值得的。 Integration 1. Do you ever feel like you can't focus on your work? 你有没有觉得你不能专注于你的工作？ ① feel like sth.想要某物 feel like+从句 feel like doing 想要做某事 ② focus on sth. 专注于…… focus sth on sth 把…集中在… 2. Or do you feel a little down sometimes? 或者你有时会感到有点失落？ 3. Why not take a break and go camping? 为什么不休息一下去露营呢？ 4. The fresh air and camping activities can be good for your body and mind. 新鲜的空气和露营活动对你的身心有益。 mind (n.)头脑；思考能力；聪明人 keep…in mind 记住 change one's mind改变某人的想法 make up one's mind to do下定决心做某事 5. Camping is such a great activity: put up a tent, roll out your sleeping bag and then fall asleep under the stars. 露营是如此棒的一项活动：搭起帐篷，铺开睡袋，然后在星空下入睡。 ① roll out 展开 ② fall (vi.)进入（某种状态）；落下，掉落；倒下 fall off…=fall down from… 从…摔下来 fall down 跌倒；掉下（后面不能加宾语） fall over 摔倒（后面不能加宾语） ③ sleep (n./vi.) 睡觉 sleep /go to sleep/go to bed asleep (adj.)睡着的(作表语) fall asleep 入睡 sleepy (adj.) 困倦的；瞌睡的；feel sleepy 感到困倦 sleeping (adj.)正在睡觉的 sleeping bag睡袋 sleepless (adj.)失眠的 6. It will give you a chance to take a break from your busy life. 它将给你一个从忙碌生活中抽身休息的机会。 chance (n.) 机会； have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事 get to do sth give sb a chance to do sth给某人机会做某事 7. You don't need to worry about anything. 你不需要担心任何事情。 8. Just relax and enjoy nature. 只需放松并享受自然。 9. Camping will help you keep fit and make you happy! 露营会助你保持健康并使你开心！ 10. first-time campers 第一次露营的人 11. medicine (n.)药物；医学--medical (adj.)医学的 12. Safety tips: check the weather before going camping; put out campfires before leaving. 安全提示：露营前检查天气；离开前熄灭篝火。 put out 扑灭；代词放中间 13. What should we take with us when we go birdwatching? 我们去观鸟时应该带些什么？ 14. Remember to take binoculars. 记得带上望远镜。 a pair of binoculars 一副望远镜 15. They'll help you see the birds more clearly. 它们会帮你更清楚地看到鸟儿。 16. Do you have any other useful tips? 你有其他有用的提示吗？ 17. You'd better wear comfortable shoes and take some water. 你们最好穿舒服的鞋并且带一些水。 had (‘d) better 最好 had better (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事 18. People usually go birdwatching for hours. 人们通常观鸟几小时。 19. You may walk a long way and get thirsty. 你可能要走很长一段路，并感到口渴。 20. Don't stay out after it gets dark. 天黑以后不要待在户外。 stay out 待在外面； stay up 熬夜 21. No problem. 没问题。 用来回答别人的感谢，“没什么，不客气”。用来表示乐于相助或事情容易做，“没问题”。用来回答别人的道歉，“没关系”。 22. Have a safe and enjoyable trip. 祝你旅途安全愉快。 23. Yesterday I went on a hiking trip with my friends and my uncle. 昨天我和我的朋友以及叔叔去徒步旅行了。 24. We took a bus to the local forest early in the morning and started walking before it got too hot. 我们一大早就坐公共汽车去了当地的森林，在天气变得太热之前就开始走了。 25. The first part of the walk was easy. 步行的第一部分很容易。 26. We walked along a small river. 我们沿着一条小河走。 27. It was relaxing and I took lots of photos with my camera. 这很放松，我用相机拍了许多照片。 28. However, things became difficult because the path was very narrow. 然而，由于道路非常狭窄，事情变得困难。 29. We had to support each other. 我们必须互相支持。 support (v./n.) 支持→supporter (n.)支持者； with/without one's support有/没有某人的支持 语法专讲与巩固练习（Unit 7—8） 一、语法知识点总结 1. 一般过去时的基本用法 ① 表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态 例：She was here just now.（她刚才还在这里。） I ate breakfast at 6:45.（我在六点四十五分吃了早餐。） ② 表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作 例：We often played together when we were children.（我们小时候常在一起玩。） 【补充】表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to/would 例：Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us.每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。（现在不在早晨散步了） ★注意：used to→强调过去常常做，而现在已经不做了。 ③ 谈论已经去世的人或动物 例：Beethoven was a great musician.（贝多芬是一位伟大的音乐家。） Lei Feng was a good soldier.（雷锋是个好战士。） ④ 表示主语过去的性格或特征 例：At that time she was very good at English.（那时她英语学得很好。） It was rainy last week.（上周阴雨连绵。） 【注意】在语境中理解过去时态 例：Your phone number again? I didn't quite catch it.（请再说一次你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听清楚。） 2. 常连用的时间状语 the day before yesterday, last week, last month, last year, one year ago, ten days ago, in 1999, in 2002, when I was young, in the past, just now, at that time 3. 句型构成 （1）含 be 动词的情况 1. 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 例：He was at home yesterday.（他昨天在家。） 2. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+其他 例：She wasn't at home last weekend.（她上周末不在家。） 3. 一般疑问句：--Was/Were+主语+其他？ --Yes,主语+was/were./No,主语+was/were not. 例：--Was she at home yesterday?（她昨天在家吗？） --Yes, she was./ No, she wasn't. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 例：Where were you yesterday?（你昨天在哪儿？） （2）含行为动词的情况 1. 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 例：We went to the park yesterday.（我们昨天去了公园。） 2. 否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他 例：We didn't go to the park yesterday.（我们昨天没去公园。） 3. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 --Yes,主语+did./No,主语+did not. 例：--Did you go to the park yesterday?（你昨天去公园了吗？） --Yes, I did./ No, I didn't. 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？ 例：Where did you go yesterday?（你昨天去哪里了？） 二、专项巩固练习题 （一）单项选择 1. He ____ at home yesterday afternoon. A. is B. was C. were D. are 2. They ____ in the classroom just now. A. was B. were C. are D. will be 3. —____ you at school last Monday? —Yes, I ____. A. Was; was B. Were; was C. Did; did D. Were; were 4. I ____ to the zoo last Sunday. A. go B. goes C. went D. will go 5. He ____ TV last night. He did his homework. A. didn't watch B. doesn't watch C. watched D. watches 6. —____ you ____ a good time yesterday? —Yes, we did. A. Do; have B. Did; had C. Did; have D. Were; have 7. My mother often ____ books when she was young. A. read B. reads C. is reading D. will read 8. —Where ____ you go the day before yesterday? —I ____ to the library. A. were; go B. did; went C. did; go D. were; went 9. There ____ a football match last week. A. is B. are C. was D. were 10. She ____ used to get up early, but now she gets up late. A. is B. was C. / D. did （二）用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. He ____ (be) very busy last week. 2. My parents ____ (be) in Nanjing three days ago. 3. I ____ (visit) my grandparents last Saturday. 4. She ____ (not play) basketball yesterday. 5. —____ they ____ (have) dinner at home yesterday? —Yes, they did. 6. Tom ____ (stop) to have a rest just now. 7. There ____ (be) some trees here in the past. 8. He ____ (use) to swim in the river when he was a kid. （三）句型转换 1. I was in the park last weekend.（改为否定句） I ____ ____ in the park last weekend. 2. They went to the cinema yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） ____ they ____ to the cinema yesterday? 3. He finished his homework at eight last night.（对划线部分提问） ____ ____ he ____ his homework last night? 4. Did you enjoy the trip?（作否定回答） No, ____ ____. 5. She lived in this house in the past.（改为否定句） She ____ ____ in this house in the past. （四）句子翻译 1. 刚才我不在教室。 ____________________________________ 2. 昨天他们去河边放风筝了。 ____________________________________ 3. 上周日他没有看电视。 ____________________________________ 4. —你昨天在哪里？—我在家。 ____________________________________ 5. 我过去常常晚饭后散步。 ____________________________________ 三、参考答案与解析 （一）单项选择 1. B 解析：yesterday afternoon为过去时间，主语he，be动词用was。 2. B 解析：just now刚才，过去时，主语they，be动词用were。 3. B 解析：last Monday过去时间，主语you用were；I搭配was。 4. C 解析：last Sunday一般过去时，go过去式went。 5. A 解析：last night过去时，行为动词否定用didn't+动词原形。 6. C 解析：答句did，问句用Did，后面动词用原形have。 7. A 解析：when she was young过去时间，read过去式read。 8. B 解析：go实义动词，疑问句用did；go过去式went。 9. C 解析：last week过去时，a football match单数，用was。 10. C 解析：used to do固定搭配，前面不加be动词与助动词。 （二）用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. was 2. were 3. visited 4. didn't play 5. Did; have 6. stopped 7. were 8. used （三）句型转换 1. was not 2. Did; go 3. When did; finish 4. I didn't 5. didn't live （四）句子翻译 1. I was not in the classroom just now. 2. They flew kites by the river yesterday. 3. He didn't watch TV last Sunday. 4. —Where were you yesterday? —I was at home. 5. I used to take a walk after dinner. Unit 8　Wonderland（奇妙世界） 知识点整理 Welcome to the unit 1. A good fantasy story is a way into real life. 一个好的奇幻故事是进入现实生活的一种方式。 2. open up a new world 开辟新世界 3. Peter Pan lives in a fun place called Neverland and has adventures with his friends. 彼得潘住在一个有趣的叫永无岛的地方，和他的朋友们一起冒险。 4. The Monkey King travels from China to ancient India with his master and two partners and has many adventures. 美猴王与他的师父和两个伙伴从中国旅行到古印度，经历了许多冒险。 5. Ma Liang uses a magic paintbrush to help poor people. 马良用神笔帮助穷人。 magic (adj.)有魔力的；神奇的 (n.)魔法；魔术；魔力 magical (adj.)有魔力的；奇妙的 6. The fisherman catches a magical goldfish and it can make wishes come true. 渔夫抓到了一条神奇的金鱼，它可以让愿望成真。 7. Do you know the book The Classic of Mountains and Seas? 你知道《山海经》这本书吗？ 8. It's a collection of ancient Chinese fantasy stories. 它是一本中国古代奇幻故事集。 ① collect (v.) 收集，采集 collection (n.) 作品集，收集物 ② fantasy (n.) 奇幻小说；幻想，想象 fantastic (adj.) 极好的，了不起的 9. There are some stories about dragons, gods and other magical characters. 有一些关于龙、神和其他奇幻人物的故事。 10. I can lend it to you. 我可以把它借给你。 ① borrow 借(借入) borrow sth from sb 从某人处借… ② lend 借出，借给 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借给某人某物 ③ keep 留着，不退还(与一段时间连用) Reading 1. One sunny day, Alice and her sister sat by a river. 一个阳光明媚的日子，爱丽丝和她的姐姐坐在河边。 2. Then Alice heard a sound. 然后爱丽丝听到一个声音。 3. She looked up and saw a white rabbit in a coat passing by. 她抬起头，看到一只穿着外套的白兔经过。 ① see/watch sb do sth 看到某人(经常)做某事 see/watch sb doing sth 看到某人(正在)做某事 ② pass by 经过 walk/go past… 路过… ③ pass 传递 pass sb sth=pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人 4. It took a watch out of its pocket and looked at the time. 它从口袋里拿出一块表，看了看时间。 5. Alice stood up and ran across the field after the rabbit. 爱丽丝站起来，追着兔子跑过田野。 run after 追赶 6. The rabbit jumped down a big hole. 兔子跳下了一个大洞。 7. Alice did not want to let the rabbit get away, so she jumped down the hole too. 爱丽丝不想让兔子逃脱，所以她也跳进了洞里。 8. Down, down, down. Alice fell for a long time, and then she hit the ground. 掉啊，掉啊，掉啊。爱丽丝往下掉了很长时间，然后才落地。 hit (v.) 碰撞；击，打（过去式 hit；过去分词 hit；现在分词 hitting；第三人称单数 hits） 9. She found herself alone in a long, low hall. 她发现自己一个人在一个又长又低的大厅里。 find+…+介词短语/adj/名词短语，发现…怎么样 find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 find/think/make it +adj + for sb +to do sth 发现/认为/使得做…对于…来说是…样的 10. There were doors all around, but they were all locked. 四周都有门，但是都是锁着的。 11. Alice saw a small key on a table, but it did not fit any of the locks. 爱丽丝看到桌子上有一把小钥匙，但它开不了任何一把锁。 fit (v.)适合，合身 sth fit sb (形状和尺寸)合身 (vi.)可容纳，装进 (adj.)健康的 keep fit (adj.)适合的；恰当的 be fit for 适合的 12. Then Alice noticed a small door and put the key into the lock. 然后爱丽丝注意到一扇小门，她把钥匙插进锁里。 notice (vt.) 注意，察觉 (n.) 通知，布告 notice sb do sth 注意到某人(经常)做某事 notice sb doing sth 注意到某人(正在)做某事 13. She could see a lovely garden on the other side. 她能看到另一边有一个可爱的花园。 14. Alice tried to go through the door, but she was too big. 爱丽丝试着穿过这扇门，但她太大了。 15. The rabbit took out a watch and checked the time. 兔子拿出一块手表，查看时间。 16. Alice opened a small door with the key. 爱丽丝用钥匙打开了一扇小门。 use sth to do sth=do sth with sth 用…做… use sth for doing sth 用…做… use sth for sth 17. It took Alice a long time before she hit the ground. 爱丽丝花了很长时间才落地。 18. She heard a sound and noticed a white rabbit passing by. 她听到一个声音，并注意到一只白兔经过。 19. What happened next/ after that? 接下来/之后发生了什么？ sth happen 发生(偶然发生的事件) What happened? 发生什么？ happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 happen to sb 发生在某人身上 20. Then the rabbit and Alice both jumped into a hole. 然后兔子和爱丽丝都跳进了一个洞里。 21. Alice fell a long way down. 爱丽丝往下掉了很长一段距离。 22. She found a key to a small door. 她发现了一扇小门的钥匙。 the key to… …的钥匙/关键 the key to doing sth 做…的关键 Grammar 1. There was a great TV series on, Journey to the West. 有一部很棒的电视剧《西游记》在播放。 be on 在上映 2. Did you know that Roald Dahl wrote Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? 你知道罗尔德·达尔写了《查理和巧克力工厂》吗？ 3. Did he work in a chocolate factory? 他在巧克力工厂工作吗？ 4. When he was young, a chocolate company asked the children at his school to try some new chocolate. 当他年轻的时候，一个巧克力公司让他的学校的孩子们品尝一些新巧克力。 5. Did that give him the idea for the book? 那是不是给了他创作这本书的灵感？ 6. Mr. Wu just told me something about Roald Dahl, the writer of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. 吴老师刚刚告诉我一些关于罗尔德·达尔的事，他是《查理和巧克力工厂》的作者。 7. I found out how he got the idea for Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. 我弄清楚了他是如何想到《查理和巧克力工厂》这个构思的。 have/get an idea for… 有……的想法（主意） have no idea of… 不知道……；不了解…… 8. Did the students learn how to make chocolate? 学生们学习如何制作巧克力吗？ 9. They tasted the chocolate and said whether they liked it or not. 他们品尝巧克力并说明他们是否喜欢。 if 是否，时态看具体语境 if 如果，主将从现 10. be born in the UK 出生在英国 11. lose his sister and father 失去他的姐姐和父亲 12. publish Charlie and the Chocolate Factory 出版《查理和巧克力工厂》 Pronunciation 1. This book makes me want to try new things. 这本书让我想要尝试新事物。 2. I also want to travel and have exciting experiences in the future. 我也想在未来去旅行，并拥有令人兴奋的经历。 3. I enjoy reading fantasy books because I find them really exciting. 我喜欢奇幻书，因为我觉得它们真的令人兴奋。 4. I tried an audiobook last weekend. 我在上周末试听了一本有声书。 5. I played the book on my phone. 我在手机上播放这本书。 6. I listened for over two hours and did not want to stop. 我听了两个多小时，不想停下来。 7. Also, I could do other things at the same time. 我可以同时做其他的事情。 8. I tidied my bedroom while I listened. 我边听边整理我的卧室。 Integration 1. a guide to fantasy 奇幻小说指南 guide (n.) 指南，导游 a guide to (doing) sth. (做)某事的指南 guide (v.) 引导，带领 guide sb. to…引导某人去… 2. In a fantasy book, the story isn't set in the real world. 在奇幻书中，故事并非以现实世界为背景。 set (v.) 为……设置背景；创立；创办；（日、月）落下 set up 建起，设立 set off for sp. 出发去某地 set an example for… 为…树立榜样 set (n.) 一套；一副；一组； a set of… 一套…；一副…；一组… 3. It often takes place in another world and at a different time. 它通常发生在另一个世界、另一个时代。 sth take place 发生；举行(计划) sth happen 发生(偶然发生的事件) sb hold sth 举办活动 4. Good fantasy stories take us on exciting adventures in worlds full of magic. 好的奇幻故事带我们在充满魔法的世界里进行激动人心的冒险。 5. They let us travel to new lands and meet fantastic characters. 它们让我们游历新的国度，遇见奇妙的人物。 6. Fantasy stories allow us to enjoy an imagined world and take a break from our everyday lives. 奇幻故事让我们享受想象中的世界，从日常生活中抽身休息一下。 imagine (v.) 想象 imagine that 想象… imagine sth.想象某物 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 imagined (adj.) 想象的 7. While we are reading the stories, we forget our worries and relax. 当我们在读这些有趣的故事时，我们忘记了我们的烦恼，并放松下来。 while (conj.) 在…期间；与…同时；而，然而(表对比) (n.) 一段时间，一会儿 after a while 过了一会儿 8. What are the features of fantasy stories? 奇幻故事有什么特点？ 9. The children's first wish is to be very beautiful. 孩子们的第一个愿望是变得非常漂亮。 10. Their nurse doesn't know who they are when they get home and doesn't let them get into the house. 当他们回到家时，他们的保姆不知道他们是谁，也不让他们进屋。 11. They wish for wings.他们希望拥有翅膀。 wish to do sth; hope to do sth wish+句子(虚拟语气); hope+句子(将来时); wish sb to do sth wish sb…; wish our team good luck 祝我们队好运 wish for sth hope for sth in the hope of… 12. They fly around happily but forget about the time and can't get down from a roof. 它们快乐地飞来飞去，但忘记了时间，无法从屋顶上下来。 13. We should be careful what we wish for. 我们应该谨慎对待自己许下的愿望。 14. Something may seem like a good idea at first but can bring about big problems later. 有些事情起初看起来是个好主意，但随后可能会带来大问题。 15. Which fantasy story from The Classic of Mountains and Seas do you like best? 《山海经》中你最喜欢哪一个奇幻故事？ 16. Kuafu Running after the Sun 《夸父追日》 17. He runs after it for a long time and finally dies because he's so thirsty. 他追了它很长时间，最终因口渴而死。 ① die (v.) 死，死亡；消失 dies→dying→died die of 死于(疾病等内因) die from 死于(车祸等外因) die out 灭绝；消失 ② finally= in the end=at last 最后 18. But then his walking stick becomes a peach forest. 但随后他的手杖变成了一片桃树林。 19. Jingwei Filling the Sea 《精卫填海》 fill (v.)(使)充满，填满 fill… with… 用…装满… be filled with… = be full of…充满，装满 fill in the form 填写表格 20. She works so hard and never gives up in the face of difficult tasks. 她如此努力，面对艰巨的任务从不放弃。 ① give up sth.放弃某物 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 ② in the face of…面对(困难等) face to face 面对面 be faced with 面对，面临 save one's face 顾全面子 21. That story teaches us a good lesson for life: never give up on our goals. 那个故事给我们上了人生中很好的一课：永远不要放弃我们的目标。 goal (n.) 目标(指经过考虑和选择，需坚持不懈的努力奋斗才能达到的最终目标) set a goal 确立一个目标 22. Alice did not know what to do. 爱丽丝不知道做什么。 23. Then she went back to the table and saw a little bottle on it. 然后她回到桌旁，看到桌上有个小瓶子。 24. A note on the bottle said “DRINK ME”. 瓶子上的一个标签写着“喝我”。 25. Alice opened the bottle and drank a little. 爱丽丝打开瓶子，喝了一点儿。 26. It tasted sweet and Alice liked it very much. 它尝起来甜甜的，爱丽丝非常喜欢它。 27. She drank some more. Then she felt a little ill. 她多喝了一些。然后，她感觉有点儿不舒服。 数词 + more + 名词 = another + 数词 + 名词（如 two more apples = another two apples） 28. Suddenly, her body became smaller and smaller. 忽然，她的身体变得越来越小。 ① sudden (adj.) 突然的；意外的；迅速的 (n.) 突然发生的事；all of a sudden 突然 suddenly (adv.) 突然 ② 比较级 and 比较级，越来越…… smaller and smaller 越来越小 more and more 越来越多 better and better 越来越好 29. Soon Alice was small enough to go through the door, so she decided to enter the garden. 很快，爱丽丝足够小能够穿过这扇门，所以她决定进入花园。 ① be +adj enough+ to do sth 足够…做某事 ② decide to do sth 决定做某事 = make up one's mind to do sth = make a decision to do sth ③ enter…=go into…进入 30. When she walked towards the door, she found that she did not have the key. 当她走向门时，她发现她没有钥匙。 towards (prep.) 向，朝；只表示方向，不含“到达某地”之意 to (prep.)向，朝，对着；表示向目的地走，常带有“已到达某地”之意 31. Alice had to go back to the table, but she was too small to reach the key. 爱丽丝不得不回去桌子那儿，但是她太小了，够不着那把钥匙。 ① too…to do sth 太…而不能… ② reach (v.)够得着；抵达；实现；达到 reach for 伸手去拿 reach=get to=arrive in/at 到达 32. She tried to climb up, but failed. 她试图爬上去，但失败了。 fail to do sth.做某事失败了 fail in sth 在某事上失败 fail 不及格 33. Then she saw a piece of cake in a box under the table. 然后她在桌子下面的一个盒子里看到一块蛋糕。 34. A note on the box said “EAT ME”. 盒子上的一个标签写着“吃我”。 Further study 1. A poor boy wins a tour of a very magical and strange chocolate factory. 一个贫穷的小男孩赢得了一次参观神奇而奇特的巧克力工厂的机会。 2. Based on Roald Dahl's classic fantasy, the film Charlie and the Chocolate Factory(2005) was a success. 电影《查理和巧克力工厂》(2005)改编自罗尔德·达尔的经典奇幻小说，获得了成功。 期末复习 非谓语动词常用搭配 一、+ do（动词原形） 1. make sb do sth 使某人做某事 make sb not do sth 2. let sb do sth 让某人做某事 3. Would/Will you please do sth? Would/Will you please not do sth? 4. You'd better (not) do sth 最好（不）做某事 5. Why not do sth? =Why don't you do sth? 6. Shall we do sth? 我们做……好吗？（提建议）；Let's do sth, shall we? 咱们做……，好吗？ 7. help sb (to) do sth=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 be (very)helpful to sb=be of (great) help to sb 注意： 1）see sb do sth 看见动作的全过程或经常性动作 see sb doing sth 看见动作正在进行 2）watch sb do sth▶watch sb doing sth 3）notice sb do sth▶notice sb doing sth 4）hear sb do sth▶hear sb doing sth 二、+ doing（动名词） 1. can't stop doing sth 不能停止做某事 2. sb can't help doing sth 忍不住做某事=sb can't help but do sth can't help (to) do sth 不能帮着做某事 3. have fun (in) doing sth = have a good time (in) doing sth = enjoy oneself (in) doing sth 做某事很开心 4. be busy (in) doing sth be busy with sth 忙于做某事 5. look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 6. pay attention to doing sth/sth 注意做某事 7. be interested in (doing) sth 对做某事感兴趣 show/have interest in (doing) sth 8. sb spends/spent some time/money (in) doing sth =sb spends/spent some time/money on sth 9. thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事 10. What/How about doing sth? 11. have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth =have trouble/ difficulty/problems with sth 做某事有困难 have no/little difficulty (in) doing sth 12. worry about doing sth▶worry about not doing sth 13. be worried about doing sth be worried about not doing sth 14. do well in sth/doing sth =be good at sth/doing sth 擅长做某事 15. be afraid of doing sth=be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 16. the way of doing sth=the way to do sth 做某事的方法 17. there be +主语(人)+doing sth 有某人正在做某事 There are a lot of people waiting for the bus. there be +主语（物）+to do 有物要…▶There are lots of interesting things to buy in the shopping mall. 18. recommend doing sth 推荐做某事 recommend not doing sth 19. keep (on) doing sth 一直(坚持)做某事 20. keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 21. keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 =stop sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 22. practise doing sth 练习做某事 23. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 24. dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 25. miss doing sth 错过做某事（miss 表示“思念”时后接名词或代词，不接动名词） 26. mind doing sth 介意做某事▶mind sb/sb's doing sth 27. Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们健康有好处。 28. 介词+doing（如by doing sth/before doing sth/after doing sth/without doing sth/in doing sth/about doing sth…） You can have fruit and vegetables without getting fat. 29. sth needs doing 某物需要被做（= sth needs to be done） 30. imagine doing sth 想象做某事 31. feel like doing sth 想要做某事；be fond of (doing) sth 喜欢（做）某事 三、+ to do（动词不定式） 1. agree to do sth 同意做某事 2. fail to do sth 未能做某事≠succeed in doing sth 成功做到某事 3. happen to do sth 碰巧做某事=It happens that+句子 What happened to him? 4. decide to do sth 决定做某事=make a/the decision to do sth=make up one's mind to do sth 5. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 6. choose to do sth 选择做某事（choose过去式chose） have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做 7. seem to do sth 好像做某事 =It seems that+句=seem + adj./n. 8. hope to do sth=hope that+句子(主语+will do) 9. wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 10. ask sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 要求某人做/不做某事 11. tell sb to do sth▶tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不做 12. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 13. manage to do sth 设法做成某事（强调成功）；try to do sth 努力做某事（不强调结果） 14. try/do one's best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 15. prepare to do sth/get ready to do sth 准备做某事 be ready/willing to do sth 愿意做某事 prepare…for…=be/get ready for sth 16. order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 in order to do sth 为了做某事 17. plan to do sth 计划做某事（planned/planning） 18. It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth It is important for us to learn English well. 19. It is + adj. + of sb + to do sth It is lucky of you to live in a neighbourhood like this. 20. It is a really good school to study in. 这真是一所求学的好学校。 21. The kitchen is the best place to have meals. 22. It is fun to do sth 做某事有趣 What great fun it is to go swimming in summer! 23. It's one's duty/job/turn to do sth 做某事是某人的… 24. It's time to do sth=It's time for sth 该做某事的时候了 25. find it + adj. + to do sth 发觉做某事……（= find (that) it is + adj. to do sth） 26. It takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人时间去做某事 27. take sb to do sth 带某人去做某事 take sth with sb 随身带着某物 28. too…to 太…而不能 He is too young to go to school. =He is so young that he can't go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school. 期末常考知识点 1. 一个8岁的男孩 an 8-year-old boy 上百/上千 hundreds/thousands of 2. 第五 fifth ；第9 ninth ；第12 twelfth ；第20 twentieth ；第40 fortieth 3. 3分之2 two thirds 4. 河上的一座桥 a bridge over the river 5. 做某事很开心、玩得愉快 have a good/wonderful time (in) doing sth = have fun (in) doing sth 6. 占地面积大约…平方千米 covers an area of about … square kilometres 7. 辨析：hear sb. do sth. 听到某人经常做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事 8. 除了hear有这个用法，其他感官动词see,notice,watch,feel 也有这个用法。 9. 三个使役动词的用法：让某人做某事 have/let/make sb. do sth. 使某事被做 have sth. done 10. 做某事有困难 have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. 11. 提建议的表达 （1）Let's do sth. （2）Shall we do sth? （3）You had better (not) do sth （4）What/how about doing sth （5）Why not do sth?=Why don't you do sth? 12. 值得…be worth doing=be worth+n. 例如：值得参观 be worth visiting=be worth a visit 13. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事（事情未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（事情已做） 14. attract v. 吸引；引起……的兴趣；attraction n. 吸引；有吸引力的事物；attractive adj. 有吸引力的 a famous attraction 一处著名的景点 15. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sth. to sb. 建议某人做某事 recommend sb. to do sth. 16. 好像做某事 seem to do sth 好像… It seems that… 好像…seem+adj. 17. 解决问题 work out the problem= solve the problem 18. express v. 表达；express n. 特快列车；快递服务 expression n. 表示；表达；表情 express oneself clearly 清晰地表达某人自己的想法 express sth to sb 向某人表达某事 19. mean v. 表示……的意思；意味着 （过）meant …是什么意思？What do/does…mean?= What's the meaning of…? 意味着做某事 mean doing sth. 打算做某事 mean to do sth. 对某人刻薄 be mean to sb 20. 辨析 alive, living, live 与 lively alive：“活着；有活力”，修饰人或物，可作表语、宾语补足语或后置定语，但不能用在名词前作定语。 固定搭配：stay alive 保持活力；维持生命 come alive 热闹起来；生动起来 bring sth. alive 使……有趣；使……生动 living：“活着的”，修饰人或物，可作表语或前置定语，作表语时，相当于alive。 固定搭配：all living things 所有生物 make a living 谋生 live：作“活的”讲时为形容词，可修饰人或物，作前置定语。 固定搭配：real live elephants 活生生的大象 live broadcast 现场直播 lively：“活泼的；生气勃勃的”，修饰人或物，可作表语或定语，用来描述人或其行为。 固定搭配：a lively girl 一个活泼的小女孩 21. value n.价值 vt.重视；给…估价 valuable adj.宝贵的；贵重的 the value of… ……的价值 be of value to sb.= be valuable to sb.对某人有价值 22. create vt. 创造；创作；creative adj. 有创造力的；creator n. 创作者；创造者 23. an old friend of my father's 我爸爸的一位老朋友 a photo of mine 我的一张照片（照片上不一定是我） a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 24. weight n.重量 weigh vt.有……重；称重量 lose weight 减肥 put on/gain weight 体重增加 …有多重？What's the weight of…? =How heavy is/are…? =How much do/does…weigh? 25. fight n. & v.打架 →过去式为 fought 与某人打架 have a fight with sb. = fight with sb. 为……而战 fight for…；与……作斗争 fight against… 26. 一副甜美的嗓音 a sweet voice 27. Must I finish my homework? 肯定回答：Yes, you must. 否定回答：No, you needn't. 或 No, you don't have to. 28. 被……覆盖 be covered with… 29. 生活/工作条件 living/working conditions 30. survive v.生存,存活 survivor n.幸存者 survive the earthquake 在地震中幸存 31. feel lonely 感觉孤独 a lonely island 一座偏僻的小岛 stay alone 单独待着 32. care n.小心 careful adj.小心的 （反）careless adj.粗心的 carefully adv.小心地 （反）carelessly adv.粗心地 carelessness n.粗心 33. produce v.生产 product n.产品；生成物 production n.生产，产量 electronic products 电子产品 production costs 生产成本 34. take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 be out of breath（运动后）喘不上气 35. achieve/keep a balance between…and… 在……和……之间取得/保持平衡 36. experience n.经历（可数）；经验（不可数）, experienced adj.有经验的 a tour guide with experience=an experienced tour guide 一名有经验的导游 many interesting experiences 许多有趣的经历 37. follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 the following suggestions 以下建议 38. luck n.运气 lucky adj.幸运的 luckily adv.幸运地 （反）unlucky adj.不幸的 unluckily adv.不幸地 39. take pride in=be proud of 为……感到骄傲 40. fall asleep 睡着了 be/feel sleepy 感觉昏昏欲睡的 41. a chance to do sth./of (doing) sth.做某事的机会 42. thanks to their support and help 多亏了他们的支持和帮助 43. With/without one's support 有/没有某人的支持 44. locked adj. 锁住的 (反)unlocked adj.未锁的 keep the box locked 让箱子保持锁着 45. lose v.失去，丧失 （过）lost loss n.损失 lose one's way 迷路 46. die v.死，死亡；消失 （过）died （现分）dying dead adj.死了的 →dying adj.垂死的 →deadly adj.致命的→death n.死亡 die of… 死于内因 die from… 死于外因 47. imagine (sb.) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事 48. be filled with 充满,相当于 be full of 49. give up doing sth.放弃做某事 50. decide (not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事；decision n. 决定，抉择 make a decision (to do sth.) 下定决心（做某事） 51. 在某人四十多岁 in one's forties 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $