精品解析：湖南长沙市一中广雅中学2026-2027学年高二上学期开学英语试题

2026年下学期高二开学考试 英语 一、听力(共20小题,共30分) 1.Where does the conversation take place? A.At a restaurant. B.At a theatre. C.At a store. 2.When did the man begin to write the composition last night? A.At 9: 00. B.At 9: 30. C.At 10: 05. 3.How much will the woman pay? A.$6. B.$8. C.$10. 4.What fruit does the man avoid? A.Watermelons. B.Mangoes. C.Grapes. 5.What puts the man off living in Los Angeles? A.The terrible weather. B.The fast-paced lifestyle. C.The high living expenses. (共2小题，每小题1.5分，满分3分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 6.What is the primary cause of San Francisco’s famous fog according to the conversation? A.The urban heat island effect. B.The collision of warm and cold ocean currents. C.Air pollution from the city. 7.What does the woman find surprising about the fog? A.It sometimes appears in colorful hues. B.It can be predicted with absolute accuracy. C.It contains no pollutants. (共2小题，每小题1.5分，满分3分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 8.How do scientists know how old the rocks are? A.From their levels. B.From their colors. C.From their sizes. 9.Where are the samples that have been analyzed from? A.Venus. B.Mars. C.Pluto. (共3小题，每小题1.5分，满分4.5分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 10.What is the aim of the magazine according to the woman? A.To help with children’s school careers. B.To encourage people to save animals. C.To broaden children’s scientific and natural knowledge. 11.What does the woman say about blue whales? A.They’re color-blind. B.They have a longer history than dinosaurs. C.They can live for up to 90 years. 12.How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A.Annoyed. B.Surprised. C.Uninterested. (共4小题，每小题1.5分，满分6分) 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13.How does the woman sound in the beginning? A.Surprised. B.Upset. C.Confused. 14.What does the man suggest the woman give up first? A.Tea. B.Black coffee. C.Fruit juice. 15.What is the man’s advice about exercise? A.Going swimming. B.Running in the park. C.Taking regular walks. 16.What influence does lack of sleep have on people according to the man? A.It can increase the desire for unhealthy foods. B.It can give them terrible headaches. C.It can bring them a lot of anxiety. (共4小题，每小题1.5分，满分6分) 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 17.What does the man suggest doing? A.Having a discussion. B.Asking Dr. Mellor for help. C.Making a reading list. 18.What will the woman do next? A.Review some notes. B.Attend a class. C.Go to the library. 19.What did the speakers say about the lecture? A.They didn’t prepare for it. B.They couldn’t hear clearly in class. C.They were unfamiliar with the lecturer. 20.When will the speakers meet? A.At 12 p.m. B.At 1 p.m. C.At 1:10 p.m. 二、阅读理解(共20小题,共50分) (共3小题，每小题2.5分，满分7.5分) Join us for TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off-site experiences. However, if you are unsure what track you want, you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops. Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. Schedule of Programming 17 July Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 July Time Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July Time Activities 8:00-12:00 Off-site Experiences 13:00-15:00 Gallery Viewing 15:15-16:45 Adult Workshops 20 July Time Activities 9:00-11:15 Explore Workshops 13:30-16:00 Keynote Speech 16:15-17:00 Celebration Programming Tracks ·Agricultural Science: Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture ·Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities ·Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles ·Science Lab: Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science, robotics, and physics 1. TransForm allows the teens to____________. A. select workshops for their parents B. prepare track topics for the camp C. design programme activities D. attend hands-on sessions 2. According to the schedule, which activity can the teens participate in? A. Keynote Speech on 17 July. B. Youth Panel on 18 July. C. Celebration on 19 July. D. Programme Showcase on 20 July. 3. What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A. Build urban communities. B. Serve as guides on a farm. C. Learn about healthy living. D. Volunteer in a science lab. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了青少年互动夏令营 TransForm 的相关信息，包括活动体验、日程安排以及课程方向等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Experience TransForm”部分“TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off - site experiences.(TransForm 让你通过主题演讲、实践工作坊和实地体验，专注于你选择的方向)” 可知，TransForm 允许青少年参加实践课程。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Schedule of Programming”中的安排，18 July 的活动安排里有“13:00 - 14:15 Youth Panel(13:00 - 14:15 青少年小组讨论)”，所以青少年可以在 18 日参加青少年小组讨论活动。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Programming Tracks”部分 “Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles(健康生活：让你在营养和心理健康等方面做出健康的决定，并引领健康的生活方式)” 可知，青少年在Programming Tracks中可以学习关于健康生活的知识。故选C。 (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) A new study has found that breathing does more than just move air in and out of your lungs — it could even be used to identify who you are. Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health. Notably, brain scientist Timna Soroka shared, “We were able to identify differences between less depressed and non-depressed individuals.” The researchers originally set out to better understand how our sense of smell works. In humans, the brain processes smell during inhalation (吸入), and this close connection between the brain and breathing led the team to wonder: could our breathing patterns reflect the way our brains are wired — and be unique to each of us? To explore this question, they developed a lightweight, wearable device that tracks nasal airflow continuously for 24 hours. The study, published in the journal Current Biology, tested 100 healthy young adults as they went about their regular routines — running, studying, resting, and more. The results showed breathing patterns can identify individuals with 96.8 percent accuracy. “I thought it would be really hard to identify someone because everyone is doing different things,” said Soroka. “But it turns out their breathing patterns were remarkably distinct!” Beyond individual identification, the study also found clear links between breathing patterns and body mass index (BMI), sleep-wake cycles, and mental health traits such as anxiety and depression. For example, people who scored higher on anxiety tests tended to have shorter inhalation periods. Importantly, the researchers noted that they merely know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they haven’t figured out the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety. If the latter is true, changing how we breathe could potentially improve mood. However, the current device has drawbacks: it uses soft tubes under the nose that can be uncomfortable to wear and may slip during sleep, and it doesn’t track mouth breathing. The team is working on improving the device and further exploring the breathing-mood connection to unlock more practical applications. 4. Why does the author compare breathing patterns to fingerprints in paragraph 1? A. To argue a medical point. B. To illustrate their uniqueness. C. To introduce a new invention. D. To discuss mental health issues. 5. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 3? A. The identification results were reliable. B. It involved participants of different ages. C. It was difficult to tell one person from another. D. It tested people under specially designed conditions. 6. What is the researchers’ current understanding of the breathing-mood link? A. They know it exists but not how it works. B. They have found a clear causal relationship. C. They are confident it can be used for treatment. D. They believe mood entirely controls breathing. 7. What is the main finding of the study? A. Breathing patterns can identify individuals. B. Anxiety is linked to shorter inhalation periods. C. Breathing patterns reveal identity and health clues. D. A wearable device tracks nasal airflow continuously. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现每个人的呼吸模式独特，可揭示健康信息并用于个体识别，研究者还在探索呼吸与情绪的联系及改进设备。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health.(以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的科学家发现，每个人都有独特的呼吸模式，被称为鼻腔呼吸“指纹”，这种独特的模式揭示了有关一个人身心健康状况的线索。)”可知，作者将呼吸模式比作指纹是为了说明呼吸模式的独特性。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The results showed breathing patterns can identify individuals with 96. 8 percent accuracy.(结果显示，呼吸模式可以以96.8%的准确率识别个体。)”可知，该研究的识别结果是可靠的。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Importantly, the researchers noted that they merely know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they haven’t figured out the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety.(重要的是，研究人员指出，他们只是知道呼吸和情绪之间存在关联，但他们还没有弄清楚因果关系——是感到焦虑改变了呼吸，还是某种呼吸模式导致了焦虑。)”可知，研究人员目前知道呼吸和情绪之间存在联系，但不知道其运作方式。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health.(以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的科学家发现，每个人都有独特的呼吸模式，被称为鼻腔呼吸“指纹”，这种独特的模式揭示了有关一个人身心健康状况的线索。)”可知，这项研究的主要发现是呼吸模式既能识别身份，也能透露健康线索。故选C。 (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) It is common to say something is as light as a feather (羽毛) to mean something doesn't weigh much. A group of researchers, however, has found that while all feathers are pretty light, some of them are far heavier than others, and it may be because of their color. Bird feathers come in all different colors ranging from black to white, and everything in between. The researchers wanted to know if there was a difference in how much a feather of one color weighed compared to that of another color. They studied 109 specimens (标本) of birds across 19 different species. The team investigated the melanin (黑色素) in feathers. Melanin has a fairly high molecular (分子的) mass, which means it becomes a not-insignificant part of the overall weight of the feather itself. There are two forms of melanin, one found in light brown and orange feathers and the other in black, grey and darker brown feathers. Once the researchers got the feathers they needed, they collected and purified the melanin in the feathers, then weighed the melanin and compared it with the weight of the feathers before the melanin was removed. They found the melanin accounted for 25% of the total dry mass of the feathers on average. For a species known for having very dark feathers, that went up to over 60% of the weight. People may think 25% of the weight of feathers is little. That being said, when it comes to flying, every bit counts. It's pointed out that migratory birds tend to have lighter colored feathers, which could help them fly over greater distances. More studies are needed to determine how this would affect a given species of bird, but it appears that the extra weight of darker feathers is at least one factor when it comes to how evolution progressed in different species of birds. 8. Why did the researchers conduct the study? A. To compare birds' different migratory patterns. B. To collect specimens of endangered bird species. C. To demonstrate the unknown functions of bird feathers. D. To figure out the link between feather color and feather weight. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The research procedure. B. The theoretical basis. C. The function of melanin. D. The formation of melanin. 10. What is the finding of the research? A. Color is the decisive factor of feather weight. B. Melanin content may influence the weight of feathers. C. Feathers account for a quarter of a bird's weight on average. D. The darker the feather is, the greater distances the bird flies. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Significance in Distinguishing Feathers B. The Evolution of Bird Feathers in Different Species C. The Association between feather Color and Its Weight D. The Effect of feather Color on Bird migration Distance 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究人员探究鸟类羽毛颜色与重量之间的关联及相关研究发现。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers wanted to know if there was a difference in how much a feather of one color weighed compared to that of another color. (研究人员想知道一种颜色的羽毛与另一种颜色的羽毛在重量上是否存在差异。)”可知，研究人员进行这项研究是为了弄清楚羽毛颜色与羽毛重量之间的联系。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The team investigated the melanin (黑色素) in feathers. Melanin has a fairly high molecular (分子的) mass, which means it becomes a not - insignificant part of the overall weight of the feather itself. There are two forms of melanin, one found in light brown and orange feathers and the other in black, grey and darker brown feathers. (该团队研究了羽毛中的黑色素。黑色素具有相当高的分子质量，这意味着它成为羽毛整体重量中不可忽视的一部分。黑色素有两种形式，一种存在于浅棕色和橙色羽毛中，另一种存在于黑色、灰色和深棕色羽毛中。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是研究的理论基础，即黑色素与羽毛重量相关的理论依据。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They found the melanin accounted for 25% of the total dry mass of the feathers on average. For a species known for having very dark feathers, that went up to over 60% of the weight. (他们发现黑色素平均占羽毛总干重的25%。对于一个以拥有非常深色羽毛而闻名的物种来说，这一比例高达其重量的60%以上。)”可知，研究发现黑色素含量可能会影响羽毛的重量。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“A group of researchers, however, has found that while all feathers are pretty light, some of them are far heavier than others, and it may be because of their color. (然而，一组研究人员发现，虽然所有的羽毛都很轻，但有些羽毛比其他羽毛重得多，这可能是因为它们的颜色。)”可知，文章主要围绕羽毛颜色与羽毛重量之间的关联展开，所以“羽毛颜色与其重量之间的关联”最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) For someone trapped in the debris (废墟) after an earthquake, a rat might be an unwelcome sight. But one scientist has been training rats to act as first responders, equipping them with backpacks and tiny microphones so that they can lead humans to earthquake survivors. Dr Donna Kean was once interested in big animals, but her attention to rats grew when she saw how quickly rats could learn and how well they could be trained. “Rats have a similar sense of smell to dogs, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said. “They also aren’t tied to just one trainer, which is what you find with dogs. And their size is useful because they are able to get into small spaces that dogs are just unable to get into.” They carry tiny bags with microphones in them and are being sent to the debris to find and come into contact with survivors. “There can be sounds coming from the bags that may say something like, ‘I am a rescue rat, I’m here to help you,’” Kean said, “which can be very helpful to those who are scared of the rat.” The rats have yet to face a real-life disaster but they will soon be sent to Turkey to work with the country’s search and rescue teams. At the moment, the rats are learning to make progress. The rats first start their training in a small empty room. And then they move on to increasingly challenging situations until they come close to the debris. That’s where they find the survivors and the chance to talk to them. The rats are the real focus now. They are so good at moving through all kinds of different environments, which just shows how suitable they are for search and rescue work. The work could save the lives of survivors, as well as rescuers, because it will give rescuers a better idea of where survivors are located before they enter the dangerous places. These little rats are on their way to making a big difference now. 12. What is the advantage of rats over dogs in rescue work? A. Their small size. B. Their team spirit. C. Their good sense of smell. D. Their strong strength. 13. What’s the purpose of rats’ carrying a backpack? A. To control the rats’ behavior in the task. B. To contact the survivors effectively. C. To lead the rats to the survivors directly. D. To provide food and water for the survivors. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The reasons for training rescue rats. B. The process of training rats for rescue work. C. The cooperation between rats and rescuers. D. The good performance of the rats in rescue work. 15. What does the author think of rats’ role in the rescue work? A. Uncertain. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Disapproving. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍科学家训练老鼠承担地震救援工作，讲述了老鼠相较于搜救犬的优势、工作方式、训练过程及这项救援工作的积极意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And their size is useful because they are able to get into small spaces that dogs are just unable to get into.(并且它们的体型很有用处，因为它们能够进入狗狗无法进入的狭小空间)”可知，老鼠相较于狗狗的救援优势是体型小巧，可进入狭小空间。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But one scientist has been training rats to act as first responders, equipping them with backpacks and tiny microphones so that they can lead humans to earthquake survivors.(但一位科学家一直在训练老鼠担任急救响应者，为它们配备背包和微型麦克风，以便它们带领人类找到地震幸存者)”以及第三段中的“They carry tiny bags with microphones in them and are being sent to the debris to find and come into contact with survivors.(它们携带装有麦克风的小包，被派往废墟中寻找并接触幸存者)”可知，老鼠携带背包是为了有效接触、救助幸存者。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The rats have yet to face a real-life disaster but they will soon be sent to Turkey to work with the country’s search and rescue teams. At the moment, the rats are learning to make progress. The rats first start their training in a small empty room. And then they move on to increasingly challenging situations until they come close to the debris.(这些老鼠尚未经历真实的灾害救援，但很快将被派往土耳其配合当地搜救队工作。目前，老鼠们正在学习进步。老鼠们先在空旷的小房间开展训练，之后它们继续应对越来越具有挑战性的情况，直到接近废墟场景)”可知，本段主要讲述救援老鼠的训练过程。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The work could save the lives of survivors, as well as rescuers, because it will give rescuers a better idea of where survivors are located before they enter the dangerous places. These little rats are on their way to making a big difference now.(这项工作能够挽救幸存者和救援人员的生命，因为它能让救援人员在进入危险区域前明确幸存者的位置。这些小老鼠即将发挥巨大的作用)”可知，作者对老鼠的救援作用持积极、肯定的态度。 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday. ____16____ I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”. Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle. ____17____ It explains why we are so unwilling to give something up once we own it. Why does this happen? At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it. ____18____ Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours. We project our identity onto the object, making it painful to move on. Fortunately, there is an effective counteraction: shifting your perspective from an “owner” to a “buyer”. When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?” ____19____ If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect. ____20____ Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well. Recognizing this is the first step toward the liberation of living with less. Make space for what truly matters. A. It just feels right to keep them. B. More often than not, the answer is “nothing”. C. Thus, a price gap exists between buyers and sellers. D. The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think. E. We often mistakenly believe these items define who we are. F. That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself. G. The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是“禀赋效应”的表现，产生的原因和应对的方法。 【16题详解】 前文“A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday.(几天前，我试着清理一些旧课本。内心深处，我知道自己再也不会读它们了。然而，我还是觉得也许它们某天会有用)”提到作者想清理旧校书，知道不会再读但又觉得也许某天会有用，后文“I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”.(我可能并非只有自己有这种纠结：这种挣扎是一种被称为“禀赋效应”的现象)”说明这种矛盾心理是普遍存在的。A选项“It just feels right to keep them.(留着它们感觉就是对的)”很好地体现了这种矛盾心理，即虽然知道可能不会再读，但留着又觉得合理，符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 前文“Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle.(证明这种效应存在的心理学家发现，人们对自己拥有的一瓶酒的售价比他们愿意为购买同一瓶酒所出的价格要高得多)”举例说明人们对自己拥有的物品要价高，对购买相同物品出价低。G选项“The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them.(这种不一致表明，我们仅仅因为拥有某物就对其估值过高)”是对前文现象的总结，符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 前文“At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it.(起初，研究人员认为这是“损失厌恶”的典型案例，即失去某物的痛苦感觉是获得同等事物所带来的愉悦感的两倍)”说研究人员最初认为这是“损失厌恶”的典型案例，后文“Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours.(心理学家得出结论：我们仅仅因为某样东西属于自己就会更看重它)”说心理学家得出结论是因为物品是自己的所以更看重它。F选项“That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself.(这听起来合理，但真正的原因是所有权本身)”起到了转折作用，引出了真正的原因，符合上下文逻辑，故选F。 【19题详解】 前文“When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?”(当你犹豫是否要扔掉某样东西时，问问自己：“我现在愿意花多少钱从别人那里买下这个东西？”)”说当犹豫是否扔掉东西时，问自己现在愿意花多少钱从别人那里买这个东西。B选项“More often than not, the answer is “nothing”.(通常情况下，答案是“没什么（指不愿花钱再买回自己拥有的东西）”)”承接上文，说明很多时候对购买自己拥有的东西出价很低，与后文“If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect.(如果是这样，那就清楚地表明，你重视这件物品不是因为它的实用性，而仅仅是因为禀赋效应)”对购买自己拥有的东西出价很低的原因是禀赋效应相呼应，故选B。 【20题详解】 后文“Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well.(除了把我们的家变成过去的储物间，它还让我们在精神上也受困于过去)”说除了把我们的家变成过去的储物间，它还让我们在精神上也受困于过去，说明禀赋效应有不好的影响。D选项“The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think.(拥有物品的成本往往比我们想象的要高得多)”概括了后文内容，说明禀赋效应带来的危害，故选D。 三、完形填空(共15小题,共15分) (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 19-year-old Quinones is the owner of a taco (墨西哥夹饼) shop. Just days after fearing he would have to close his shop, he found himself ____21____ long lines of customers. Having developed a love for the food industry, Quinones saw this small restaurant as a ____22____ toward his dream. However, ____23____ alone was not enough. Despite his hard work, the business ____24____, earning hardly enough to ____25____ daily costs. Eventually, he faced a reality: without change, the shop would soon ____26____. The pressure weighed ____27____ on him. Feeling disappointed, Quinones realized that ____28____ seemed like the easiest option. Yet instead of giving up, Quinones took a final ____29____. He recorded a 30-second TikTok video, sharing his story and the heart behind his business. Expecting little ____30____, he was unprepared for what followed. By the next morning, the video had ____31____ online, clocking up more than 430,000 views and thousands of ____32____ comments. More importantly, customers began to arrive, even from long distances just to ____33____ him. Encouraged, he worked even harder to deal with the growing ____34____. Though the hours were long, for Quinones, they were worth it. Looking back, he realized that giving up isn’t the only choice. Sometimes, all it ____35____ is one moment; one idea, and a community willing to believe in you. 21. A. selecting B. serving C. counting D. avoiding 22. A. step B. block C. test D. reaction 23. A. familiarity B. talent C. interest D. popularity 24. A. struggled B. survived C. varied D. progressed 25. A. reduce B. ignore C. prove D. cover 26. A. run out B. pick up C. fall behind D. shut down 27. A. efficiently B. heavily C. equally D. secretly 28. A. waiting B. hiding C. quitting D. fighting 29. A. chance B. lead C. recipe D. stand 30. A. indication B. response C. freedom D. tension 31. A. remained B. changed C. appeared D. exploded 32. A. curious B. warm C. sharp D. brief 33. A. support B. invite C. locate D. impress 34. A. trial B. protest C. need D. standard 35. A. repeats B. offers C. means D. takes 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了19岁青年经营塔可店生意惨淡濒临倒闭，他拍短视频讲述自身经历意外走红，大量顾客专程前来支持，最终他懂得坚持与一次机遇便能改变困境。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：就在几天前他还担心店铺要倒闭，如今却要接待排成长队的顾客。A. selecting挑选；B. serving接待，服务；C. counting数；D. avoiding避开。前文“19-year-old Quinones is the owner of a taco (墨西哥夹饼) shop.”提到他经营塔可店，后文有“long lines of customers”可知，店主需要服务顾客。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：奎诺内斯热爱餐饮行业，他把这家小餐馆看作实现梦想的一步。A. step步骤，台阶；B. block街区，障碍；C. test测试；D. reaction反应。根据后文“toward his dream”可知，开店是追逐梦想过程中的一步。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，仅有兴趣是远远不够的。A. familiarity熟悉；B. talent天赋；C. interest兴趣；D. popularity人气。上一句“Having developed a love for the food industry”说他热爱餐饮，对应此处单纯的兴趣无法支撑生意。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管他十分努力，生意依旧惨淡，赚的钱几乎不够支付日常开销。A. struggled艰难维持，经营惨淡；B. survived勉强存活；C. varied变化；D. progressed进展顺利。后文“earning hardly enough to ____ daily costs”提到收入不足以支付开支，说明经营艰难。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. reduce减少；B. ignore忽视；C. prove证明；D. cover支付，覆盖。根据后文“daily costs”指支付日常开销，此处为固定搭配cover daily costs，表示“支付日常开销”。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：最终他不得不面对现实：再不做出改变，店铺很快就要关门停业。A. run out耗尽；B. pick up好转，拾起；C. fall behind落后；D. shut down关门倒闭。文章第一段中“Just days after fearing he would have to close his shop”提到他担心关闭店铺，此处对应停业。 【27题详解】 考查副词。句意：巨大的压力重重地压在他身上。A. efficiently高效地；B. heavily沉重地；C. equally平等地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上一段“Eventually, he faced a reality: without change, the shop would soon ____”可知，店铺快要关门，压力重重压在他身上。固定搭配weigh heavily on sb表示“压力让某人不堪重负”。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：满心失落的奎诺内斯觉得放弃似乎是最简单的选择。A. waiting等待；B. hiding躲藏；C. quitting放弃；D. fighting抗争。后文出现“instead of giving up”可知，指他认为放弃是最简单的选择。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：但他没有放弃，而是做了最后一次尝试。A. chance机会；B. lead线索；C. recipe食谱；D. stand摊位。根据后文“He recorded a 30-second TikTok video, sharing his story and the heart behind his business.”指他拍摄短视频做最后的尝试，take a final chance表示“做最后一搏”。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：他本没指望这条视频能得到多少反响，完全没料到后续发生的一切。A. indication暗示；B. response回应，反响；C. freedom自由；D. tension紧张。根据后文“he was unprepared for what followed”可知，他预想视频不会有人关注，也就是期待很少的回应，完全没料到后续发生的一切。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：到第二天早上，这条视频在网上爆火，播放量突破43万次，还有数千条暖心评论。A. remained保持；B. changed改变；C. appeared出现；D. exploded激增，爆红。根据后文“clocking up more than 430,000 views and thousands”可知，播放量极高说明视频热度暴涨。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。A. curious好奇的；B. warm温暖暖心的；C. sharp尖锐的；D. brief简短的。根据后文“Encouraged”以及网友赶来支持，说明网友留下温暖评论，他收到鼓舞。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：更重要的是顾客纷纷赶来，有人远道而来只为支持他。A. support支持；B. invite邀请；C. locate定位；D. impress留下深刻印象。根据上文“customers began to arrive, even from long distances just to”可知，网友看完视频前来消费，以此支持店主。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：受到鼓舞，他加倍努力，应对越来越多的顾客需求。A. trial考验；B. protest抗议；C. need需求；D. standard标准。根据上文“customers began to arrive”可知顾客大量到访，带来不断增长的消费需求。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：回望过往他明白放弃不是唯一出路，有时你只需要一个契机、一个想法，以及一群愿意相信你的人。A. repeats重复；B. offers提供；C. means意味着；D. takes需要。根据后文“is one moment; one idea, and a community willing to believe in you”可知，此处指只需要一个瞬间就能改变现状。固定句型it takes sth.表示“需要某物”。 四、语法填空(共10小题,共15分) (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Monday, Luckin Coffee opened its first physical store in Manhattan. New Yorkers can now try its fruity lattes, but many may not realize that this brand’s journey reflects ____36____ inspiring cultural exchange. For a long time, Starbucks symbolized American coffee. When it entered China, it adjusted menus to sweeter, milkier drinks ____37____ (suit) local tastes. Later, Chinese brands like Luckin began to rise. By 2024, China’s coffee consumption ____38____ (hit) 300,000 tons, which made it one of the world’s fastest-growing markets. ____39____ (found) in 2017, Luckin is now China’s largest coffee chain with over 24,000 shops. It gained popularity via new flavors, low prices, and stands out ____40____ its tech-driven services — you can order and pay in seconds on your phone, ____41____ (make) everything fast and simple. Though coffee arrived in China in the 1800s, its popularity only boomed with the country’s ____42____ (economy) growth. Luckin sources beans from Yunnan, a major coffee-growing region in China. This not only supports local farmers, but ____43____ (active) introduces Yunnan’s unique flavors to the world. Now, Luckin is entering the competitive U.S. market, ____44____ many big brands already exist. While challenging, its ____45____ (expand) represents a new step in global coffee culture, introducing Chinese-style coffee and Yunnan beans to American consumers. More than just a drink, coffee serves as a cultural bridge, linking China and the U.S. in every cup. 【答案】36. an 37. to suit 38. had hit 39. Founded 40. for 41. making 42. economic 43. actively 44. where 45. expansion 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了瑞幸咖啡进入美国市场，反映了中美咖啡文化的交流与融合。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：周一，瑞幸咖啡在曼哈顿开设了第一家实体店。纽约人现在可以品尝它的水果拿铁了，但许多人可能没有意识到，这个品牌的历程反映了一种鼓舞人心的文化交流。此处表泛指“一种鼓舞人心的文化交流”，应用不定冠词，且inspiring是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当它进入中国时，它调整了菜单，提供更甜、更奶的饮料，以适应当地人的口味。此处作目的状语，应用不定式to suit。故填to suit。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：到2024年，中国的咖啡消费量已达到30万吨，使其成为世界上增长最快的市场之一。根据上文By 2024可知，用过去完成时，谓语用had hit。故填had hit。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：瑞幸成立于2017年，目前是中国最大的咖啡连锁店，拥有超过2.4万家门店。found与逻辑主语Luckin构成被动关系，用过去分词，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Founded。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：它以新口味、低价格赢得了人们的喜爱，并以科技驱动的服务脱颖而出——你可以在手机上几秒钟内完成订购和支付，让一切变得快速简单。表示“以……脱颖而出”用固定短语stand out for。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它以新口味、低价格赢得了人们的喜爱，并以科技驱动的服务脱颖而出——你可以在手机上几秒钟内完成订购和支付，让一切变得快速简单。make用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语you can order and pay in seconds on your phone构成主动关系，用现在分词，作状语。故填making。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然咖啡在19世纪就传入了中国，但它的流行只是随着中国的经济增长而蓬勃发展。修饰名词growth，应用形容词economic，作定语。故填economic。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：这不仅支持了当地农民，还积极向世界介绍了云南的独特风味。修饰动词introduce，应用副词actively，作状语。故填actively。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：现在，瑞幸正在进入竞争激烈的美国市场，那里已经有许多大品牌。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词market，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：虽然具有挑战性，但它的扩张代表了全球咖啡文化的新一步，向美国消费者介绍了中式咖啡和云南咖啡豆。此处作主语，表示“扩张”，应用名词expansion。故填expansion。 五、应用文写作(共1小题,共15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你作为交换生就读的澳洲高中决定增加一个新的校园网站栏目。校方提出“Growing Pains”和“Back to The Past”两个选择。请给校方写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I really like the idea of adding a new column to our campus website. After careful consideration, I prefer “Growing Pains” as the new column. As high school students, we all face various challenges, such as academic pressure, friendship issues, and self-doubt. This column can provide a platform for us to share our troubles and solutions. It helps us realize that we are not alone in our struggles, which can reduce anxiety. Besides, exchanging experiences here can teach us how to handle difficulties better, which is beneficial for our personal growth. I believe “Growing Pains” will be very popular among students. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生就校方提出的“Growing Pains”和“Back to The Past”两个选择给校方写一封邮件，说明自己的选择以及理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 意识到：realize→be aware of 困境：struggles→dilemmas 减少：reduce→lessen 处理：handle→cope with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This column can provide a platform for us to share our troubles and solutions.  拓展句：This column can provide a platform on which we can share our troubles and solutions.  【点睛】【高分句型1】It helps us realize that we are not alone in our struggles, which can reduce anxiety. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, exchanging experiences here can teach us how to handle difficulties better, which is beneficial for our personal growth.(运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句) 六、读后续写(共1小题,共25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Axel entered my life 20 years ago, leaning against the door of Room 101. He wore sneakers three sizes too large and pants torn at the knees. Axel made an entrance into the school of a village known for its old money,fashionable homes and golden mailboxes. He told me his last school had been in a neighboring county. “We were picking fruit,” he said frankly. I suspected this friendly, smiling boy in rags from an immigrant family (移民家庭) didn’t know he had been thrown into a group of ten-year-old lions who had never before seen torn pants. The circle of boys tightened when Axel approached, their turned backs forming a solid wall. Despite being impolitely treated, Axel didn’t let on.There was no chip on his shoulder. They eyed Axel doubtfully until the baseball game. With it came a bit of respect from the critics (批评家) of Room 101. In the baseball game, Charles, the most overweight child in the class, was the least athletic. After Charles’s second strike, with the eyes and groans of the class, Axel inched up and spoke quietly to the boy’s depressed back, “Forget them, kid. You can do it.” Charles warmed, smiled, stood taller and quickly struck out anyway. But at that precise moment, Axel had gently begun to change things — and us. By autumn’s end, we had all been attracted by him. He taught us all kinds of lessons. How to call a wild turkey. How to tell whether fruit is ripe before that first bite. How to treat others, even Charles. Especially Charles. He never did use our names,calling me “Miss” and the students “kid”. The day before winter vacation, Axel walked to my desk and bent close to my ear. “Miss, my mother said we were moving to another place, so I need to leave school earlier today to pack up.” At the news, my voice caught in my throat. When Axel was away, I gently broke the news to the class. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, to Axel’s surprise, piles of gifts were lying on his desk. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Axel was away, I gently broke the news to the class. A stunned silence fell over Room 101. Charles looked especially sad, his shoulders dropping. One student murmured, “But he taught me turkey calls!” Then came another voice, “Who’ll help me with peaches?” Suddenly, Charles sprang to his feet and yelled, “We can’t let him leave like this!” Others nodded hard, voices mixed, “Yeah, we should do something for him!” Watching them silently and smilingly, I felt a sense of warmth and pride sweeping over me. Within minutes, they made a decision: everyone would bring something meaningful by tomorrow morning. The next morning, to Axel’s surprise, piles of gifts were lying on his desk. Colorfully wrapped presents, handmade cards... Slowly approaching, with trembling hands, Axel picked up a card signed by the whole class, tears rolling down his cheeks, “Thanks, kids.Really.” Charles stepped forward and hugged him tightly, saying, “Thank you, Axel. Friends never say goodbye!” All others gathered around, eyes filled with tears. Axel looked around at the faces, the once unfriendly “lions” softened. I knew, in that pile of gifts hid the greatest one — Axel’s kindness and love, which changed Room 101’s lions. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述20年前，移民家庭的阿克塞尔进入乡村学校，初遭排挤却以友善待同学，如鼓励查尔斯，还教大家技能。他要转学，同学们准备礼物送别，他的善意改变了曾经不友好的同学的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“阿克塞尔不在的时候，我轻轻地把这个消息告诉了全班。”可知，第一段可描写同学们得知此消息后的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，令阿克塞尔吃惊的是，他的桌子上堆满了礼物。”可知，第二段可描写阿克塞尔看到礼物后的情感反应以及和同学们分别前的不舍。 2.续写线索：把消息告诉了全班——同学们得知此消息后的反应——决定做些什么——他的桌子上堆满了礼物——和同学们的不舍——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大叫到：yell/ shoute ②拥抱：hug/ embrace ③走近：approach/get close 情绪类 ①悲伤的：sad / sorrowful ②感谢：thank sb/be grateful to sb 【点睛】[高分句型1]Watching them silently and smilingly, I felt a sense of warmth and pride sweeping over me.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]I knew, in that pile of gifts hid the greatest one — Axel’s kindness and love, which changed Room 101’s lions.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年下学期高二开学考试 英语 一、听力(共20小题,共30分) 1.Where does the conversation take place? A.At a restaurant. B.At a theatre. C.At a store. 2.When did the man begin to write the composition last night? A.At 9: 00. B.At 9: 30. C.At 10: 05. 3.How much will the woman pay? A.$6. B.$8. C.$10. 4.What fruit does the man avoid? A.Watermelons. B.Mangoes. C.Grapes. 5.What puts the man off living in Los Angeles? A.The terrible weather. B.The fast-paced lifestyle. C.The high living expenses. (共2小题，每小题1.5分，满分3分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 6.What is the primary cause of San Francisco’s famous fog according to the conversation? A.The urban heat island effect. B.The collision of warm and cold ocean currents. C.Air pollution from the city. 7.What does the woman find surprising about the fog? A.It sometimes appears in colorful hues. B.It can be predicted with absolute accuracy. C.It contains no pollutants. (共2小题，每小题1.5分，满分3分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 8.How do scientists know how old the rocks are? A.From their levels. B.From their colors. C.From their sizes. 9.Where are the samples that have been analyzed from? A.Venus. B.Mars. C.Pluto. (共3小题，每小题1.5分，满分4.5分) 听下面的录音，回答以下小题。 10.What is the aim of the magazine according to the woman? A.To help with children’s school careers. B.To encourage people to save animals. C.To broaden children’s scientific and natural knowledge. 11.What does the woman say about blue whales? A.They’re color-blind. B.They have a longer history than dinosaurs. C.They can live for up to 90 years. 12.How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A.Annoyed. B.Surprised. C.Uninterested. (共4小题，每小题1.5分，满分6分) 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13.How does the woman sound in the beginning? A.Surprised. B.Upset. C.Confused. 14.What does the man suggest the woman give up first? A.Tea. B.Black coffee. C.Fruit juice. 15.What is the man’s advice about exercise? A.Going swimming. B.Running in the park. C.Taking regular walks. 16.What influence does lack of sleep have on people according to the man? A.It can increase the desire for unhealthy foods. B.It can give them terrible headaches. C.It can bring them a lot of anxiety. (共4小题，每小题1.5分，满分6分) 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 17.What does the man suggest doing? A.Having a discussion. B.Asking Dr. Mellor for help. C.Making a reading list. 18.What will the woman do next? A.Review some notes. B.Attend a class. C.Go to the library. 19.What did the speakers say about the lecture? A.They didn’t prepare for it. B.They couldn’t hear clearly in class. C.They were unfamiliar with the lecturer. 20.When will the speakers meet? A.At 12 p.m. B.At 1 p.m. C.At 1:10 p.m. 二、阅读理解(共20小题,共50分) (共3小题，每小题2.5分，满分7.5分) Join us for TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, hands-on workshops, and off-site experiences. However, if you are unsure what track you want, you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops. Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science. Schedule of Programming 17 July Time Activities 14:00-15:00 Lead to Change Kick-off 15:00-16:30 Programme Showcase 16:30-18:00 Track Workshops 18 July Time Activities 9:30-11:00 Career Fireside Chats 13:00-14:15 Youth Panel 14:15-16:20 Track Keynotes 19 July Time Activities 8:00-12:00 Off-site Experiences 13:00-15:00 Gallery Viewing 15:15-16:45 Adult Workshops 20 July Time Activities 9:00-11:15 Explore Workshops 13:30-16:00 Keynote Speech 16:15-17:00 Celebration Programming Tracks ·Agricultural Science: Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture ·Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities ·Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being, and lead healthy lifestyles ·Science Lab: Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science, robotics, and physics 1. TransForm allows the teens to____________. A. select workshops for their parents B. prepare track topics for the camp C. design programme activities D. attend hands-on sessions 2. According to the schedule, which activity can the teens participate in? A. Keynote Speech on 17 July. B. Youth Panel on 18 July. C. Celebration on 19 July. D. Programme Showcase on 20 July. 3. What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A. Build urban communities. B. Serve as guides on a farm. C. Learn about healthy living. D. Volunteer in a science lab. (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) A new study has found that breathing does more than just move air in and out of your lungs — it could even be used to identify who you are. Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health. Notably, brain scientist Timna Soroka shared, “We were able to identify differences between less depressed and non-depressed individuals.” The researchers originally set out to better understand how our sense of smell works. In humans, the brain processes smell during inhalation (吸入), and this close connection between the brain and breathing led the team to wonder: could our breathing patterns reflect the way our brains are wired — and be unique to each of us? To explore this question, they developed a lightweight, wearable device that tracks nasal airflow continuously for 24 hours. The study, published in the journal Current Biology, tested 100 healthy young adults as they went about their regular routines — running, studying, resting, and more. The results showed breathing patterns can identify individuals with 96.8 percent accuracy. “I thought it would be really hard to identify someone because everyone is doing different things,” said Soroka. “But it turns out their breathing patterns were remarkably distinct!” Beyond individual identification, the study also found clear links between breathing patterns and body mass index (BMI), sleep-wake cycles, and mental health traits such as anxiety and depression. For example, people who scored higher on anxiety tests tended to have shorter inhalation periods. Importantly, the researchers noted that they merely know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they haven’t figured out the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety. If the latter is true, changing how we breathe could potentially improve mood. However, the current device has drawbacks: it uses soft tubes under the nose that can be uncomfortable to wear and may slip during sleep, and it doesn’t track mouth breathing. The team is working on improving the device and further exploring the breathing-mood connection to unlock more practical applications. 4. Why does the author compare breathing patterns to fingerprints in paragraph 1? A. To argue a medical point. B. To illustrate their uniqueness. C. To introduce a new invention. D. To discuss mental health issues. 5. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 3? A. The identification results were reliable. B. It involved participants of different ages. C. It was difficult to tell one person from another. D. It tested people under specially designed conditions. 6. What is the researchers’ current understanding of the breathing-mood link? A. They know it exists but not how it works. B. They have found a clear causal relationship. C. They are confident it can be used for treatment. D. They believe mood entirely controls breathing. 7. What is the main finding of the study? A. Breathing patterns can identify individuals. B. Anxiety is linked to shorter inhalation periods. C. Breathing patterns reveal identity and health clues. D. A wearable device tracks nasal airflow continuously. (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) It is common to say something is as light as a feather (羽毛) to mean something doesn't weigh much. A group of researchers, however, has found that while all feathers are pretty light, some of them are far heavier than others, and it may be because of their color. Bird feathers come in all different colors ranging from black to white, and everything in between. The researchers wanted to know if there was a difference in how much a feather of one color weighed compared to that of another color. They studied 109 specimens (标本) of birds across 19 different species. The team investigated the melanin (黑色素) in feathers. Melanin has a fairly high molecular (分子的) mass, which means it becomes a not-insignificant part of the overall weight of the feather itself. There are two forms of melanin, one found in light brown and orange feathers and the other in black, grey and darker brown feathers. Once the researchers got the feathers they needed, they collected and purified the melanin in the feathers, then weighed the melanin and compared it with the weight of the feathers before the melanin was removed. They found the melanin accounted for 25% of the total dry mass of the feathers on average. For a species known for having very dark feathers, that went up to over 60% of the weight. People may think 25% of the weight of feathers is little. That being said, when it comes to flying, every bit counts. It's pointed out that migratory birds tend to have lighter colored feathers, which could help them fly over greater distances. More studies are needed to determine how this would affect a given species of bird, but it appears that the extra weight of darker feathers is at least one factor when it comes to how evolution progressed in different species of birds. 8. Why did the researchers conduct the study? A. To compare birds' different migratory patterns. B. To collect specimens of endangered bird species. C. To demonstrate the unknown functions of bird feathers. D. To figure out the link between feather color and feather weight. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The research procedure. B. The theoretical basis. C. The function of melanin. D. The formation of melanin. 10. What is the finding of the research? A. Color is the decisive factor of feather weight. B. Melanin content may influence the weight of feathers. C. Feathers account for a quarter of a bird's weight on average. D. The darker the feather is, the greater distances the bird flies. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Significance in Distinguishing Feathers B. The Evolution of Bird Feathers in Different Species C. The Association between feather Color and Its Weight D. The Effect of feather Color on Bird migration Distance (共4小题，每小题2.5分，满分10分) For someone trapped in the debris (废墟) after an earthquake, a rat might be an unwelcome sight. But one scientist has been training rats to act as first responders, equipping them with backpacks and tiny microphones so that they can lead humans to earthquake survivors. Dr Donna Kean was once interested in big animals, but her attention to rats grew when she saw how quickly rats could learn and how well they could be trained. “Rats have a similar sense of smell to dogs, and they’re just as trainable as dogs,” she said. “They also aren’t tied to just one trainer, which is what you find with dogs. And their size is useful because they are able to get into small spaces that dogs are just unable to get into.” They carry tiny bags with microphones in them and are being sent to the debris to find and come into contact with survivors. “There can be sounds coming from the bags that may say something like, ‘I am a rescue rat, I’m here to help you,’” Kean said, “which can be very helpful to those who are scared of the rat.” The rats have yet to face a real-life disaster but they will soon be sent to Turkey to work with the country’s search and rescue teams. At the moment, the rats are learning to make progress. The rats first start their training in a small empty room. And then they move on to increasingly challenging situations until they come close to the debris. That’s where they find the survivors and the chance to talk to them. The rats are the real focus now. They are so good at moving through all kinds of different environments, which just shows how suitable they are for search and rescue work. The work could save the lives of survivors, as well as rescuers, because it will give rescuers a better idea of where survivors are located before they enter the dangerous places. These little rats are on their way to making a big difference now. 12. What is the advantage of rats over dogs in rescue work? A. Their small size. B. Their team spirit. C. Their good sense of smell. D. Their strong strength. 13. What’s the purpose of rats’ carrying a backpack? A. To control the rats’ behavior in the task. B. To contact the survivors effectively. C. To lead the rats to the survivors directly. D. To provide food and water for the survivors. 14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The reasons for training rescue rats. B. The process of training rats for rescue work. C. The cooperation between rats and rescuers. D. The good performance of the rats in rescue work. 15. What does the author think of rats’ role in the rescue work? A. Uncertain. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Disapproving. (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) A few days before, I tried clearing out some old schoolbooks. Deep down, I knew I would never read them again. Yet I realized with myself that maybe they would be helpful someday. ____16____ I am probably not alone in this: this struggle is a phenomenon known as the “Endowment Effect (禀赋效应)”. Psychologists who demonstrated the effect found that people demanded a much higher price to sell a bottle of wine they owned than they were willing to pay to buy that same bottle. ____17____ It explains why we are so unwilling to give something up once we own it. Why does this happen? At first, researchers thought it was a classic case of “loss aversion”, where the pain of losing something feels twice as strong as the pleasure of gaining it. ____18____ Psychologists conclude that we value something more simply because it is ours. We project our identity onto the object, making it painful to move on. Fortunately, there is an effective counteraction: shifting your perspective from an “owner” to a “buyer”. When you are hesitating to throw something away, ask yourself: “How much would I pay to buy this from others now?” ____19____ If that is the case, it is a clear sign you value the item not for its usefulness, but simply for the endowment effect. ____20____ Besides turning our homes into storage units for the past, it makes us mentally trapped in them as well. Recognizing this is the first step toward the liberation of living with less. Make space for what truly matters. A. It just feels right to keep them. B. More often than not, the answer is “nothing”. C. Thus, a price gap exists between buyers and sellers. D. The cost of ownership is often far greater than we think. E. We often mistakenly believe these items define who we are. F. That sounds logical, but the real reason is the sense of ownership itself. G. The inconsistency reveals we overvalue things just because we possess them. 三、完形填空(共15小题,共15分) (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 19-year-old Quinones is the owner of a taco (墨西哥夹饼) shop. Just days after fearing he would have to close his shop, he found himself ____21____ long lines of customers. Having developed a love for the food industry, Quinones saw this small restaurant as a ____22____ toward his dream. However, ____23____ alone was not enough. Despite his hard work, the business ____24____, earning hardly enough to ____25____ daily costs. Eventually, he faced a reality: without change, the shop would soon ____26____. The pressure weighed ____27____ on him. Feeling disappointed, Quinones realized that ____28____ seemed like the easiest option. Yet instead of giving up, Quinones took a final ____29____. He recorded a 30-second TikTok video, sharing his story and the heart behind his business. Expecting little ____30____, he was unprepared for what followed. By the next morning, the video had ____31____ online, clocking up more than 430,000 views and thousands of ____32____ comments. More importantly, customers began to arrive, even from long distances just to ____33____ him. Encouraged, he worked even harder to deal with the growing ____34____. Though the hours were long, for Quinones, they were worth it. Looking back, he realized that giving up isn’t the only choice. Sometimes, all it ____35____ is one moment; one idea, and a community willing to believe in you. 21. A. selecting B. serving C. counting D. avoiding 22. A. step B. block C. test D. reaction 23. A. familiarity B. talent C. interest D. popularity 24. A. struggled B. survived C. varied D. progressed 25. A. reduce B. ignore C. prove D. cover 26. A. run out B. pick up C. fall behind D. shut down 27. A. efficiently B. heavily C. equally D. secretly 28. A. waiting B. hiding C. quitting D. fighting 29. A. chance B. lead C. recipe D. stand 30. A. indication B. response C. freedom D. tension 31. A. remained B. changed C. appeared D. exploded 32. A. curious B. warm C. sharp D. brief 33. A. support B. invite C. locate D. impress 34. A. trial B. protest C. need D. standard 35. A. repeats B. offers C. means D. takes 四、语法填空(共10小题,共15分) (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Monday, Luckin Coffee opened its first physical store in Manhattan. New Yorkers can now try its fruity lattes, but many may not realize that this brand’s journey reflects ____36____ inspiring cultural exchange. For a long time, Starbucks symbolized American coffee. When it entered China, it adjusted menus to sweeter, milkier drinks ____37____ (suit) local tastes. Later, Chinese brands like Luckin began to rise. By 2024, China’s coffee consumption ____38____ (hit) 300,000 tons, which made it one of the world’s fastest-growing markets. ____39____ (found) in 2017, Luckin is now China’s largest coffee chain with over 24,000 shops. It gained popularity via new flavors, low prices, and stands out ____40____ its tech-driven services — you can order and pay in seconds on your phone, ____41____ (make) everything fast and simple. Though coffee arrived in China in the 1800s, its popularity only boomed with the country’s ____42____ (economy) growth. Luckin sources beans from Yunnan, a major coffee-growing region in China. This not only supports local farmers, but ____43____ (active) introduces Yunnan’s unique flavors to the world. Now, Luckin is entering the competitive U.S. market, ____44____ many big brands already exist. While challenging, its ____45____ (expand) represents a new step in global coffee culture, introducing Chinese-style coffee and Yunnan beans to American consumers. More than just a drink, coffee serves as a cultural bridge, linking China and the U.S. in every cup. 五、应用文写作(共1小题,共15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你作为交换生就读的澳洲高中决定增加一个新的校园网站栏目。校方提出“Growing Pains”和“Back to The Past”两个选择。请给校方写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你的选择； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 六、读后续写(共1小题,共25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Axel entered my life 20 years ago, leaning against the door of Room 101. He wore sneakers three sizes too large and pants torn at the knees. Axel made an entrance into the school of a village known for its old money,fashionable homes and golden mailboxes. He told me his last school had been in a neighboring county. “We were picking fruit,” he said frankly. I suspected this friendly, smiling boy in rags from an immigrant family (移民家庭) didn’t know he had been thrown into a group of ten-year-old lions who had never before seen torn pants. The circle of boys tightened when Axel approached, their turned backs forming a solid wall. Despite being impolitely treated, Axel didn’t let on.There was no chip on his shoulder. They eyed Axel doubtfully until the baseball game. With it came a bit of respect from the critics (批评家) of Room 101. In the baseball game, Charles, the most overweight child in the class, was the least athletic. After Charles’s second strike, with the eyes and groans of the class, Axel inched up and spoke quietly to the boy’s depressed back, “Forget them, kid. You can do it.” Charles warmed, smiled, stood taller and quickly struck out anyway. But at that precise moment, Axel had gently begun to change things — and us. By autumn’s end, we had all been attracted by him. He taught us all kinds of lessons. How to call a wild turkey. How to tell whether fruit is ripe before that first bite. How to treat others, even Charles. Especially Charles. He never did use our names,calling me “Miss” and the students “kid”. The day before winter vacation, Axel walked to my desk and bent close to my ear. “Miss, my mother said we were moving to another place, so I need to leave school earlier today to pack up.” At the news, my voice caught in my throat. When Axel was away, I gently broke the news to the class. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, to Axel’s surprise, piles of gifts were lying on his desk. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $