Unit 7 Natural Disasters（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 紧扣《英语 基础模块3》Unit 7“Natural Disasters”主题，B卷聚焦能力提升，通过自然灾害情境整合语言知识与实用自救技能，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|5题/20分|洪水成因、避险措施等单元核心内容|以社会热点自然灾害为素材，考查细节理解与主旨概括能力，提升语言理解能力| |补全对话|5题/20分|地震情境交际及固定搭配（如pay attention to）|创设师生对话情境，强化单元主题相关实用表达，培养语言应用能力| |短文填空|10题/40分|比较级（more often）、被动语态（be taken）等语法及山火防护知识|融合语法考点与灾害防护实用内容，体现知识整合与思维品质| |职场写作|1题/20分|地震、洪水自救方法及防灾知识呼吁|以校园广播稿形式考查综合语言表达，贴合职场场景，提升学习能力与社会责任感|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解：本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 A Flood is one of the most frequent natural disasters in China. Heavy continuous rainfall, broken dams and river overflow will all cause floods. When floods strike, roads are submerged, houses are damaged, and many people lose their homes. Crops in farmlands are washed away, leading to serious food shortages. Before flood seasons, local governments will release flood warning messages. Residents living near rivers need to prepare emergency bags with drinking water, food and first-aid medicine. If flood water rises fast, people should move to high ground such as hills or tall buildings immediately, and never wade through unknown deep water. After floods, there are hidden health risks. Dirty flood water carries bacteria, so we must boil all drinking water and avoid eating soaked food. Volunteers and rescue teams will arrive quickly to send supplies and help rebuild damaged villages. We should learn flood prevention knowledge in daily life. Advance preparation can greatly cut losses when floods come. 1. Which of the following will NOT cause floods? A. Long-time heavy rain B. Dam collapse C. Drought weather D. Overflowing rivers 2. What should people prepare before flood season? A. More farm crops B. Emergency supplies C. Tall buildings D. Extra vehicles 3. Where should people escape when flood water rises? A. Low river banks B. Deep valleys C. High ground D. Underground rooms 4. Why can’t we drink raw water after floods? A. It is too cold B. It carries germs C. It tastes strange D. It runs too fast 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Causes, hazards and flood safety rules B. Different types of natural disasters C. How to build flood-resistant houses D. Daily food storage methods 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 【导语】文章大意：本文围绕洪涝灾害展开，介绍洪水的形成原因、带来的危害、汛期避险办法以及灾后健康注意事项，贴合单元自然灾害主题。 文章释义：洪水是我国高发自然灾害之一。持续性暴雨、堤坝溃决、河水漫溢都会引发洪水。洪水来袭时道路被淹没、房屋损毁，大量群众流离失所，农田庄稼被冲毁，造成严重粮食短缺。 汛期来临前，当地政府会发布防汛预警，临河居民需要备好装有饮用水、食物、急救药品的应急包。若水位快速上涨，人们要立刻转移至山坡、高楼等高处，切勿蹚未知深水。 洪水过后存在健康隐患，浑浊积水携带大量细菌，饮用水必须烧开，不能食用被水泡过的食物。救援队与志愿者会及时运送物资，协助受灾村落重建。 日常生活中我们应当学习防汛知识，提前做好准备能大幅降低灾害损失。 【详解】 1.细节理解题。文中暴雨、堤坝破损、河水泛滥均会引发洪水，drought（干旱）不会造成洪水，选 C。 2.细节理解题。原文提到提前准备饮用水、药品等应急物资 emergency supplies，选 B。 3.细节理解题。水位上涨时需转移至高地 high ground，其余选项均为危险区域，选 C。 4.细节理解题。洪水脏水携带细菌 bacteria/germs，生水不能直接饮用，选 B。 5.主旨大意题。全文依次讲解洪水成因、危害、避险规范，对应 A 选项；其余只是局部细节，无法概括全文。 二、补全对话：本题共5小题，每小题4分,共20分。根据情境内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 (A=Teacher B=Student Tom) A: Do you know what to do during an 6.______? B: Yes, we need to stay calm and hide under a strong table first. A: That’s right. Don’t rush out 7. _______the building shakes heavily. B: What else should we pay attention 8._______? A: We must stay away 9. _______tall walls and glass windows. B: Can we use the lift to escape 10.________ the disaster happens? A: Absolutely not. We should take stairs only. 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 【答案】6.earthquake 7.when 8.to 9.from 10.if 【详解】考查自然灾害情景交际、固定介词搭配 6.题意：你知道地震发生时该怎么做吗？ 解析：后文讲室内避险方法，结合单元主题填名词 earthquake（地震）。 7.题意：大楼剧烈摇晃时不要冲出去。 解析：when 引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 的时候”。 8.题意：我们还需要注意什么？ 解析：固定搭配 pay attention to 注意。 9.题意：我们必须远离高墙和玻璃窗。 解析：固定搭配 stay away from 远离。 10.题意：如果灾害发生，我们能乘坐电梯逃生吗？ 解析：if 引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”。 三、短文填空：本题共10小题，每小题4分, 共40分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Climate change makes disasters happen much11.______(often) than before. Wildfires break out in many dry areas every year. Dry grass and dead trees can easily catch fire once there is a small spark. When a wildfire starts, firefighters rush 12.______put it out. They use special tools and fire trucks to stop the fire spreading. People living nearby must leave their houses 13._______(quick) and follow official instructions. To reduce wildfire risks, we should stop 14.______(light) open flames in forests. Rubbish with flammable materials must 15.______(take) away in time. Schools also teach students fire safety knowledge 16.______kids can protect themselves. If you meet a wildfire, do not run straight 17.______the fire. Find a wide space without plants and cover your mouth 18._____wet cloth to stay safe. Every person 19._______(play) an important role in protecting forests. Small good habits can stop huge wildfires 20.______happening. 11.________ 12.________ 13.________ 14.________ 15.________ 16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ 【答案】11.oftener/more often 12.to 13.quickly 14.lighting 15.be taken 16.so 17.from 18.with 19.plays 20.from 【导语】短文以山林野火为主题，综合比较级、非谓语、被动语态、连词、固定搭配等单元考点。 文章释义：气候变化让灾害发生频率大幅提升，干旱地区每年都会爆发山火，干草枯木遇火星极易引燃。 火情发生时消防员立刻奔赴灭火，借助专业工具、消防车阻止火势蔓延，附近居民必须快速撤离、听从官方指挥。 想要降低山火风险，禁止在林区明火，易燃垃圾及时清运；学校普及防火知识，让孩子学会自我保护。 遭遇山火不要朝着火的方向跑，寻找无植被开阔地，用湿布捂住口鼻保证安全。 每个人都对森林防护至关重要，微小的良好习惯能够阻止大型山火发生。 11. 题意：气候变化让灾害比以往更加频繁。 解析：出现比较标志 than，often 比较级 more often。 12. 题意：消防员赶去灭火。 解析：不定式 to 表目的，rush to do sth 急忙去做某事。 13. 题意：附近居民必须快速撤离。 解析：副词 quickly 修饰动词 leave。 14. 题意：我们禁止在林区使用明火。 解析：固定搭配 stop doing sth 停止做某事，填 lighting。 15. 题意：易燃垃圾必须及时带走。 解析：垃圾是被带走，情态动词 must 后被动 be taken。 16. 题意：学校普及防火知识，以便孩子保护自己。 解析：so 引导目的状语从句，意为 “以便、因此”。 17. 题意：遭遇山火不要径直朝火的方向奔跑。 解析：run straight from 径直远离火源。 18. 题意：用湿布捂住口鼻。 解析：with + 工具，表示使用某物。 19. 题意：每个人都在森林防护中发挥作用。 解析：主语 every person 为单数，一般现在时谓语用 plays。 20. 题意：好习惯阻止山火发生。 解析：固定搭配 stop sth from doing 阻止某事发生。 四、职场写作：本题共20分。 假定你是李华，学校英语广播站邀请你做一篇英文广播稿，主题为《Learn to Protect Ourselves from Disasters》。 写作要点： 1.如今各类灾害频发，危害人们生命财产； 2.分别简述地震、洪水两种基础自救办法； 3.呼吁大家主动学习防灾知识。 词数要求：80–120 词，不得出现真实校名、姓名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Learn to Protect Ourselves from Disasters Now natural disasters happen more often and bring great harm to people’s lives and property. It’s necessary for us to master simple self-rescue skills. When an earthquake hits, hide under solid tables and stay away from windows. If floods come, move to high ground quickly and never walk in deep water. We should take every chance to learn disaster knowledge. Only with enough preparation can we keep safe when accidents come. 【详解】翻译： 学会在灾害中保护自己 如今自然灾害愈发频发，给人们的生命财产带来巨大伤害。我们有必要掌握简单的自救技巧。 地震来袭时，躲在坚固桌子下方，远离玻璃窗；如果遭遇洪水，立刻转移至高地，切勿蹚深水行走。 我们应当抓住一切机会学习防灾知识，只有做好充足准备，灾难来临时我们才能保障自身安全。 【导语】本文为校园广播稿，贴合单元自然灾害主题，全文 94 词，完全符合 80–120 词词数标准。 文章结构清晰三段式：开篇点明灾害频发的现状；中间分地震、洪水介绍自救措施；结尾发出学习防灾知识的倡议，题干全部要点完整覆盖。 时态搭配合理：客观现状使用一般现在时，灾害场景假设采用时间状语从句，融合本单元名词性从句、后置定语等核心语法。 加分核心词汇：natural disasters、self-rescue、emergency supplies、high ground，均为本单元重点单词短语。 写作评分优势：长短句交替，使用倒装句式 Only with… 提升作文档次，无拼写、时态、介词低级错误，适配中职职教高考写作评分标准。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：40分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解：本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。 A Flood is one of the most frequent natural disasters in China. Heavy continuous rainfall, broken dams and river overflow will all cause floods. When floods strike, roads are submerged, houses are damaged, and many people lose their homes. Crops in farmlands are washed away, leading to serious food shortages. Before flood seasons, local governments will release flood warning messages. Residents living near rivers need to prepare emergency bags with drinking water, food and first-aid medicine. If flood water rises fast, people should move to high ground such as hills or tall buildings immediately, and never wade through unknown deep water. After floods, there are hidden health risks. Dirty flood water carries bacteria, so we must boil all drinking water and avoid eating soaked food. Volunteers and rescue teams will arrive quickly to send supplies and help rebuild damaged villages. We should learn flood prevention knowledge in daily life. Advance preparation can greatly cut losses when floods come. 1. Which of the following will NOT cause floods? A. Long-time heavy rain B. Dam collapse C. Drought weather D. Overflowing rivers 2. What should people prepare before flood season? A. More farm crops B. Emergency supplies C. Tall buildings D. Extra vehicles 3. Where should people escape when flood water rises? A. Low river banks B. Deep valleys C. High ground D. Underground rooms 4. Why can’t we drink raw water after floods? A. It is too cold B. It carries germs C. It tastes strange D. It runs too fast 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Causes, hazards and flood safety rules B. Different types of natural disasters C. How to build flood-resistant houses D. Daily food storage methods 二、补全对话：本题共5小题，每小题4分,共20分。根据情境内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 (A=Teacher B=Student Tom) A: Do you know what to do during an 6.______? B: Yes, we need to stay calm and hide under a strong table first. A: That’s right. Don’t rush out 7. _______the building shakes heavily. B: What else should we pay attention 8._______? A: We must stay away 9. _______tall walls and glass windows. B: Can we use the lift to escape 10.________ the disaster happens? A: Absolutely not. We should take stairs only. 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 三、短文填空：本题共10小题，每小题4分, 共40分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Climate change makes disasters happen much11.______(often) than before. Wildfires break out in many dry areas every year. Dry grass and dead trees can easily catch fire once there is a small spark. When a wildfire starts, firefighters rush 12.______put it out. They use special tools and fire trucks to stop the fire spreading. People living nearby must leave their houses 13._______(quick) and follow official instructions. To reduce wildfire risks, we should stop 14.______(light) open flames in forests. Rubbish with flammable materials must 15.______(take) away in time. Schools also teach students fire safety knowledge 16.______kids can protect themselves. If you meet a wildfire, do not run straight 17.______the fire. Find a wide space without plants and cover your mouth 18._____wet cloth to stay safe. Every person 19._______(play) an important role in protecting forests. Small good habits can stop huge wildfires 20.______happening. 11.________ 12.________ 13.________ 14.________ 15.________ 16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ 四、职场写作：本题共20分。 假定你是李华，学校英语广播站邀请你做一篇英文广播稿，主题为《Learn to Protect Ourselves from Disasters》。 写作要点： 1.如今各类灾害频发，危害人们生命财产； 2.分别简述地震、洪水两种基础自救办法； 3.呼吁大家主动学习防灾知识。 词数要求：80–120 词，不得出现真实校名、姓名。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $