专题5 名词与名词辨析（B卷·能力提升）-【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦广东省“3+证书”考试名词考点，通过基础识别-语境应用-语法形式三阶训练，构建名词能力链，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |名词释义识别|25题|词义匹配，考查高频名词中文释义|从核心词义认知切入，夯实名词基础理解| |语境名词运用|15题|语篇完形填空，通过上下文选择恰当名词|进阶至语境分析，培养名词在情境中的应用思维| |名词语法形式|10题|语法填空，涉及名词复数、词性转换等|深化至语法层面，构建“词义-语境-形式”完整知识逻辑|

编写说明：【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的21个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套讲义、课件和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为名词与名词辨析。 【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》 专题5 名词与名词辨析（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、选出划线英文名词的中文释义 （每空2分，共50分） 1.Don't make an excuse for being late; you should tell the teacher the truth. A. 借口 B. 理由 C. 解释 D. 道歉 2.The factory needs a large quantity of materials to finish this order on time. A. 质量 B. 种类 C. 价格 D. 数量 3.This old painting has great value and is kept in the national museum safely. A. 价值 B. 价格 C. 重量 D. 颜色 4.Because of the heavy traffic, we were late for the important meeting this morning. A. 交通事故 B. 交通拥堵 C. 交通规则 D. 交通信号 5.We should take action to stop air pollution and protect our living environment. A. 噪音 B. 灾害 C. 污染 D. 浪费 6.There is not enough space in this small room for so many desks and chairs. A. 太空 B. 空间 C. 地方 D. 房间 7.Going camping in the forest alone is a real adventure for most young people. A. 旅行 B. 任务 C. 冒险 D. 比赛 8.The little girl was afraid of darkness and always slept with the light on. A. 黑暗 B. 孤独 C. 寂静 D. 寒冷 9.This shop offers a twenty percent discount on all clothes during the holiday. A. 涨价 B. 折扣 C. 赠品 D. 退货 10.If you keep working hard, you will get a good reward at the end of this term. A. 惩罚 B. 奖励 C. 批评 D. 机会 11.Please read the instruction carefully before you start to use this new machine. A. 说明；指示 B. 介绍 C. 邀请 D. 兴趣 12.With the kind teacher's assistance, he finally worked out this difficult math problem. A. 阻力 B. 压力 C. 帮助 D. 注意力 13.It takes great courage to stand up and speak in front of so many people. A. 耐心 B. 信心 C. 智慧 D. 勇气 14.Teaching is a respected profession that requires much love, patience and hard work. A. 专业 B. 职业 C. 教授 D. 声明 15.Losing the game was a big blow to the whole team, but they didn't give up. A. 吹 B. 爆炸 C. 打击 D. 击打 16.The public transportation in this big city is very convenient and cheap for people. A. 交通 B. 运输 C. 通讯 D. 旅行 17.A positive attitude towards life can help you overcome many difficulties in daily work. A. 高度 B. 感谢 C. 态度 D. 海拔 18.We must find out the truth of this matter before we make any final decision. A. 信任 B. 理论 C. 真实 D. 真相 19.This factory is famous for the high quality of its products both at home and abroad. A. 质量 B. 数量 C. 价格 D. 种类 20.A terrible earthquake hit the small town and destroyed many old houses last month. A. 洪水 B. 台风 C. 地震 D. 火灾 21.They bought some new furniture for their living room before they moved into the new house. A. 电器 B. 工具 C. 设备 D. 家具 22.He has the great ability to solve difficult problems in a short time at work. A. 可能性 B. 能力 C. 责任 D. 机会 23.I received an invitation to his birthday party but I was too busy to go there. A. 邀请 B. 发明 C. 介绍 D. 说明 24.Watching English movies is a good means of improving your listening and speaking skills. A. 意思 B. 意义 C. 方式 D. 目标 25.His income is not enough to support his family of five people in this city. A. 支出 B. 收入 C. 存款 D. 奖金 1.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：不要为迟到找借口，你应该告诉老师真相。名词 “excuse” 意为 “借口”，结合句意选 A。 2.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：工厂需要大量材料才能按时完成这份订单。名词 “quantity” 意为 “数量”，a large quantity of 表示 “大量的”，结合句意选 D。 3.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：这幅古画极具价值，被安全地保存在国家博物馆里。名词 “value” 意为 “价值”，结合句意选 A。 4.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词短语。句意：由于交通拥堵，我们今天早上的重要会议迟到了。短语 “heavy traffic” 意为 “交通拥堵”，结合句意选 B。 5.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们应该采取行动制止空气污染，保护我们的居住环境。名词 “pollution” 意为 “污染”，结合句意选 C。 6.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：这间小房间没有足够的空间放下这么多桌椅。名词 “space” 意为 “空间”，结合句意选 B。 7.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：独自去森林露营对大多数年轻人来说是一次真正的冒险。名词 “adventure” 意为 “冒险”，结合句意选 C。 8.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：这个小女孩害怕黑暗，总是开着灯睡觉。名词 “darkness” 意为 “黑暗”，结合句意选 A。 9.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：这家商店在节日期间所有衣服打八折。名词 “discount” 意为 “折扣”，结合句意选 B。 10.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你继续努力，学期末你会得到丰厚的奖励。名词 “reward” 意为 “奖励”，结合句意选 B。 11.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：开始使用这台新机器之前，请仔细阅读说明。名词 “instruction” 意为 “说明；指示”，结合句意选 A。 12.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：在好心老师的帮助下，他终于解出了这道数学难题。名词 “assistance” 意为 “帮助”，结合句意选 C。 13.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：站起来在这么多人面前讲话需要极大的勇气。名词 “courage” 意为 “勇气”，结合句意选 D。 14.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：教学是一份受人尊敬的职业，需要大量的爱心、耐心和辛勤付出。名词 “profession” 意为 “职业”，结合句意选 B。 15.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：输掉比赛对全队是一个沉重的打击，但他们没有放弃。名词 “blow” 意为 “打击”，结合句意选 C。 16.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词短语。句意：这座大城市的公共交通非常方便且便宜。短语 “public transportation” 意为 “公共交通”，结合句意选 A。 17.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：积极的生活态度能帮助你克服日常工作中的许多困难。名词 “attitude” 意为 “态度”，结合句意选 C。 18.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：在做出任何最终决定之前，我们必须查明这件事的真相。名词 “truth” 意为 “真相”，结合句意选 D。 19.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：这家工厂以其产品的高质量在国内外闻名。名词 “quality” 意为 “质量”，结合句意选 A。 20.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：上个月一场可怕的地震袭击了这个小镇，摧毁了许多老房子。名词 “earthquake” 意为 “地震”，结合句意选 C。 21.【答案】D 【解析】考查名词。句意：搬进新房之前，他们为客厅买了一些新家具。名词 “furniture” 意为 “家具”，结合句意选 D。 22.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：他有在短时间内解决工作中难题的出色能力。名词 “ability” 意为 “能力”，结合句意选 B。 23.【答案】A 【解析】考查名词。句意：我收到了他生日聚会的邀请，但太忙了没能去。名词 “invitation” 意为 “邀请”，结合句意选 A。 24.【答案】C 【解析】考查名词。句意：看英文电影是提高听说技能的好方式。名词 “means” 意为 “方式；手段”，结合句意选 C。 25.【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意：在这座城市里，他的收入不足以养活五口之家。名词 “income” 意为 “收入”，结合句意选 B。 二、完形填空 （每空2分，共30分） 阅读短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 One day, a blind man walked along a bumpy (崎岖的) road and got lost. He couldn't __26__ where to go next. Just then, he met a man who couldn't __27__ very well because he was lame (瘸的). The blind man __28__ the lame man nicely for help. “I'm stuck here and I can't see,” he said. “Can you please help me __29__ my way?” The lame man looked at the blind man and saw that he was __30__ and tall. “But I can __31__ move by myself,” he replied. “I'm lame, and you look like you could walk if you could just see.” The blind man smiled and said, “Yes, I'm strong, but I need someone to show me the way. If you could tell me where to go, I could carry you and both of us would be __32__ to travel.” The lame man thought for a moment and then had an __33__ . “What if I sit on your __34__ ?” he asked. “Then I can use my eyes to __35__ you, and you can use your legs to walk us both.” The blind man agreed right away. "That sounds like a great __36__ !” he said. So, the blind man picked up the lame man and put him on his shoulders. The lame man used his eyes to __37__ the safest path, and the blind man used his strong legs to walk along it. Together, they traveled safely and __38__ .They helped each other out and had a great adventure. They learned that even though they had their own __39__ , they could still achieve a lot when they worked as a __40__ . 26. A.hear B.doubt C.answer D.see 27. A.dance B.drive C.walk D.swim 28. A.asked B.blamed C. forgave D.thanked 29. A.make B.lose C.find D.change 30. A.weak B.handsome C.old D. strong 31. A.hardly B.easily C.quickly D.completely 32.A.able B.willing C.sorry D.eager 33. A.answer B.idea C.excuse D.opinion 34.A. arms B.legs C. shoulders D.hands 35.A.follow B. guide C.show D.beat 36.A.joke B.rule C.tip D.plan 37.A.find out B.take out C. point out D. carry out 38.A.sadly B.quietly C.angrily D.happily 39.A.strengths B.hobbies C.abilities D. limitations 40.A.couple B.team C.crowd D. company 【导语】本文讲述盲人和瘸子相遇的寓言故事，盲人看不见道路，瘸子无法行走，二人取长补短互相帮助，顺利出行，告诉我们即便自身存在局限，团队合作就能收获成功。 26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看不见接下来该往哪里走。see 看见；hear 听见；doubt 怀疑；answer 回答。根据上文 “a blind man walked along a bumpy (崎岖的) road and got lost（一位盲人走在崎岖的路上迷路了）” 可知，盲人看不见路。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他遇到一个瘸腿，走路不太方便的人。walk 走路；dance 跳舞；drive 驾驶；swim 游泳。根据后文 “because he was lame (瘸的)” 可知，瘸子的问题是无法正常走路。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位盲人礼貌地向瘸子寻求帮助。asked 请求；blamed 责备；forgave 原谅；thanked 感谢。ask sb. for help 为固定搭配，意为 “向某人求助”，结合后文盲人说话求助的内容，可知选 asked。 29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以帮我找到路吗？find 找到；make 制作；lose 丢失；change 改变。find one’s way 是固定短语，表示 “找到路”，盲人迷路，希望对方帮自己找路。 30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瘸子看向盲人，发现他强壮又高大。strong 强壮的；weak 虚弱的；handsome 英俊的；old 年老的。根据下文 “I'm strong” 以及盲人可以背起瘸子赶路，说明盲人身体强壮。 31. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我几乎没办法自己移动。hardly 几乎不；easily 容易地；quickly 快速地；completely 完全地。由前文瘸子的身份可知，他腿脚不便，几乎无法自行走动。 32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你告诉我往哪走，我可以背着你，我们两个人就都能够赶路了。able 能够；willing 愿意的；sorry 遗憾的；eager 渴望的。be able to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “能够做某事”。 33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瘸子思考片刻，想出了一个主意。idea 主意；answer 回答；excuse 借口；opinion 观点。have an idea 固定表达，意为 “想出一个主意”，后文是瘸子提出的解决方案。 34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在你的肩膀上怎么样？shoulders 肩膀；arms 胳膊；legs 腿；hands 手。根据下文 “put him on his shoulders（把他放到肩膀上）”，此处原词复现。 35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我可以用我的眼睛指引你，你用双腿带着我们两个人前行。guide 指引；follow 跟随；show 展示；beat 击打。瘸子眼睛看得见，可以为看不见的盲人指引方向。 36. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：听起来是个很棒的计划！plan 计划；joke 玩笑；rule 规则；tip 小贴士。此处指代瘸子刚刚想出的合作出行的方案。 37. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：瘸子用眼睛指出最安全的路线，盲人靠强壮的双腿沿着这条路前行。point out 指出；find out 查明；take out 取出；carry out 执行。结合语境，瘸子看得见，为盲人指出安全道路。 38. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们安全又快乐地一同前行。happily 快乐地；sadly 伤心地；quietly 安静地；angrily 生气地。and 连接并列成分，和 safely（安全地）感情色彩保持一致。 39. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们明白了，尽管各自存在局限，但作为一个团队协作，依旧可以完成很多事情。limitations 局限，缺陷；strengths 优势；hobbies 爱好；abilities 能力。盲人看不见，瘸子走不了路，这是两个人自身的缺陷局限。 40. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们明白了，尽管各自存在局限，但作为一个团队协作，依旧可以完成很多事情。team 团队；couple 一对；crowd 人群；company 公司。work as a team 固定搭配，意为 “团队协作”，贴合全文互助合作的主旨。 三、语法填空 （每空2分，共20分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Now more and more 41.________ (tour) come to visit our small town every year. They want to learn about local culture. A lot of 42.________ (visitor) show great interest in the old 43.________ (build) along the river. We all know the 44.________ (important) of protecting these ancient houses. Last week, some children’s 45.________ (parent) joined in a publicservice activity. Several 46.________ (box) of books were given to the kids in the community. One little boy hurt his two 47.________ (foot) when he took part in outdoor games. Luckily, the doctors gave him good care. We can hear children’s happy 48.________ (voice) everywhere in the town. This is 49.________ (Tom) hometown. He often tells us the 50.________ (mean) of protecting our traditional culture. 41. __________　42. __________　43. __________　44. __________　45. __________ 46. __________　47. __________　48. __________　49. __________　50. __________ 【答案】41.tourists 42.visitors 43.buildings 44.importance 45.parents 46.boxes 47.feet 48.voices 49.Tom's 50.meaning 【导语】本文介绍小镇旅游业发展，游客对沿河老建筑感兴趣，同时讲述社区公益活动，强调保护传统文化的重要性。 【解析】41. 考查词性转换（名词复数）。句意：现在每年越来越多的游客来参观我们的小镇。more and more 后接可数名词复数，tour 表示 "旅行"，表示 "游客" 的名词是 tourist，复数形式为 tourists。故填 tourists。 42. 考查名词复数。句意：许多游客对沿河的老建筑表现出极大的兴趣。a lot of 后接可数名词复数，visitor 的复数形式为 visitors。故填 visitors。 43. 考查词性转换（名词复数）。句意：许多游客对沿河的老建筑表现出极大的兴趣。定冠词 the 后接名词，build 的名词形式为 building，沿河建筑不止一栋，用复数 buildings。故填 buildings。 44. 考查词性转换（名词）。句意：我们都知道保护这些古建筑的重要性。定冠词 the 后接名词，important 的名词形式为 importance，意为 "重要性"。故填 importance。 45. 考查名词复数。句意：上周，一些孩子的家长参加了一项公益活动。some 后接可数名词复数，parent 的复数形式为 parents。故填 parents。 46. 考查名词复数。句意：几箱书被送给社区里的孩子们。several 后接可数名词复数，box 以 x 结尾，复数形式加 es，即 boxes。故填 boxes。 47. 考查名词复数（不规则变化）。句意：一个小男孩参加户外游戏时伤到了两只脚。two 后接可数名词复数，foot 的复数为不规则变化 feet。故填 feet。 48. 考查名词复数。句意：在镇上到处都能听到孩子们快乐的声音。此处指多个孩子的声音，voice 用复数形式 voices。故填 voices。 49. 考查名词所有格。句意：这是汤姆的家乡。表示 "某人的" 用名词所有格，Tom 后加's，即 Tom's。故填 Tom's。 50. 考查词性转换（名词）。句意：他经常告诉我们保护传统文化的意义。定冠词 the 后接名词，mean 的名词形式为 meaning，意为 "意义，含义"。故填 meaning。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的21个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套讲义、课件和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》的第5个专题，内容为名词与名词辨析。 【2027版】广东省（“3+证书”考试）《英语二轮讲练测》 专题5 名词与名词辨析（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、选出划线英文名词的中文释义 （每空2分，共50分） 1.Don't make an excuse for being late; you should tell the teacher the truth. A. 借口 B. 理由 C. 解释 D. 道歉 2.The factory needs a large quantity of materials to finish this order on time. A. 质量 B. 种类 C. 价格 D. 数量 3.This old painting has great value and is kept in the national museum safely. A. 价值 B. 价格 C. 重量 D. 颜色 4.Because of the heavy traffic, we were late for the important meeting this morning. A. 交通事故 B. 交通拥堵 C. 交通规则 D. 交通信号 5.We should take action to stop air pollution and protect our living environment. A. 噪音 B. 灾害 C. 污染 D. 浪费 6.There is not enough space in this small room for so many desks and chairs. A. 太空 B. 空间 C. 地方 D. 房间 7.Going camping in the forest alone is a real adventure for most young people. A. 旅行 B. 任务 C. 冒险 D. 比赛 8.The little girl was afraid of darkness and always slept with the light on. A. 黑暗 B. 孤独 C. 寂静 D. 寒冷 9.This shop offers a twenty percent discount on all clothes during the holiday. A. 涨价 B. 折扣 C. 赠品 D. 退货 10.If you keep working hard, you will get a good reward at the end of this term. A. 惩罚 B. 奖励 C. 批评 D. 机会 11.Please read the instruction carefully before you start to use this new machine. A. 说明；指示 B. 介绍 C. 邀请 D. 兴趣 12.With the kind teacher's assistance, he finally worked out this difficult math problem. A. 阻力 B. 压力 C. 帮助 D. 注意力 13.It takes great courage to stand up and speak in front of so many people. A. 耐心 B. 信心 C. 智慧 D. 勇气 14.Teaching is a respected profession that requires much love, patience and hard work. A. 专业 B. 职业 C. 教授 D. 声明 15.Losing the game was a big blow to the whole team, but they didn't give up. A. 吹 B. 爆炸 C. 打击 D. 击打 16.The public transportation in this big city is very convenient and cheap for people. A. 交通 B. 运输 C. 通讯 D. 旅行 17.A positive attitude towards life can help you overcome many difficulties in daily work. A. 高度 B. 感谢 C. 态度 D. 海拔 18.We must find out the truth of this matter before we make any final decision. A. 信任 B. 理论 C. 真实 D. 真相 19.This factory is famous for the high quality of its products both at home and abroad. A. 质量 B. 数量 C. 价格 D. 种类 20.A terrible earthquake hit the small town and destroyed many old houses last month. A. 洪水 B. 台风 C. 地震 D. 火灾 21.They bought some new furniture for their living room before they moved into the new house. A. 电器 B. 工具 C. 设备 D. 家具 22.He has the great ability to solve difficult problems in a short time at work. A. 可能性 B. 能力 C. 责任 D. 机会 23.I received an invitation to his birthday party but I was too busy to go there. A. 邀请 B. 发明 C. 介绍 D. 说明 24.Watching English movies is a good means of improving your listening and speaking skills. A. 意思 B. 意义 C. 方式 D. 目标 25.His income is not enough to support his family of five people in this city. A. 支出 B. 收入 C. 存款 D. 奖金 二、完形填空 （每空2分，共30分） 阅读短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 One day, a blind man walked along a bumpy (崎岖的) road and got lost. He couldn't __26__ where to go next. Just then, he met a man who couldn't __27__ very well because he was lame (瘸的). The blind man __28__ the lame man nicely for help. “I'm stuck here and I can't see,” he said. “Can you please help me __29__ my way?” The lame man looked at the blind man and saw that he was __30__ and tall. “But I can __31__ move by myself,” he replied. “I'm lame, and you look like you could walk if you could just see.” The blind man smiled and said, “Yes, I'm strong, but I need someone to show me the way. If you could tell me where to go, I could carry you and both of us would be __32__ to travel.” The lame man thought for a moment and then had an __33__ . “What if I sit on your __34__ ?” he asked. “Then I can use my eyes to __35__ you, and you can use your legs to walk us both.” The blind man agreed right away. "That sounds like a great __36__ !” he said. So, the blind man picked up the lame man and put him on his shoulders. The lame man used his eyes to __37__ the safest path, and the blind man used his strong legs to walk along it. Together, they traveled safely and __38__ .They helped each other out and had a great adventure. They learned that even though they had their own __39__ , they could still achieve a lot when they worked as a __40__ . 26. A.hear B.doubt C.answer D.see 27. A.dance B.drive C.walk D.swim 28. A.asked B.blamed C. forgave D.thanked 29. A.make B.lose C.find D.change 30. A.weak B.handsome C.old D. strong 31. A.hardly B.easily C.quickly D.completely 32.A.able B.willing C.sorry D.eager 33. A.answer B.idea C.excuse D.opinion 34.A. arms B.legs C. shoulders D.hands 35.A.follow B. guide C.show D.beat 36.A.joke B.rule C.tip D.plan 37.A.find out B.take out C. point out D. carry out 38.A.sadly B.quietly C.angrily D.happily 39.A.strengths B.hobbies C.abilities D. limitations 40.A.couple B.team C.crowd D. company 三、语法填空 （每空2分，共20分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Now more and more 41.________ (tour) come to visit our small town every year. They want to learn about local culture. A lot of 42.________ (visitor) show great interest in the old 43.________ (build) along the river. We all know the 44.________ (important) of protecting these ancient houses. Last week, some children’s 45.________ (parent) joined in a publicservice activity. Several 46.________ (box) of books were given to the kids in the community. One little boy hurt his two 47.________ (foot) when he took part in outdoor games. Luckily, the doctors gave him good care. We can hear children’s happy 48.________ (voice) everywhere in the town. This is 49.________ (Tom) hometown. He often tells us the 50.________ (mean) of protecting our traditional culture. 41. __________　42. __________　43. __________　44. __________　45. __________ 46. __________　47. __________　48. __________　49. __________　50. __________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $