必修1 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS-【优化探究】2027年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“自然灾害”主题语境，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇（核心/拓展/主题词汇）、句式（as if虚拟语气、be doing...when...等）、写作（应用文/读后续写）三大考查维度，通过高频考点统计明确动词词义辨析（如affect/shock）占30%、句式结构占25%的权重，归纳语法填空、微写作等常考题型，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“考点深度突破+真题实战融合”策略，如以2023新课标Ⅰ卷“trap生义”、2024新课标Ⅰ卷“as if虚拟语气”为实例，解析“一词多义辨析法”“句式结构建模法”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设“易错陷阱警示”和“写作模板库”，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准定位学情，提升复习效率。

教材复习 必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 主题语境　自然灾害 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　基础知识夯实 Part 2　核心考点突破 Part 3　基础知识达标 Part 4　写作能力培优 Part 1　基础知识夯实 ★提示：速记后再做《英语词句默写本》及时巩固 注：下面单词词义中的铺灰部分表示该词的生义。 Ⅰ.阅读单词 1.tornado 　　　　　 n.(pl.-oes or-os)龙卷风；旋风 2.landslide n.(also landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡 3.tsunami n.海啸 4.volcanic eruption 火山喷发 5.magnitude n.震级；重大 6.evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离 7.helicopter n.直升机 8.percent n.百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中 9.brick n.砖；砖块 10.metal n.金属 11.volcano n.(pl.-oes or-os)火山 12.typhoon n.台风 13.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风 14.kit n.成套工具；成套设备 15.first aid kit 急救箱 Ⅲ.拓展单词 1.death n.死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die vi.& vt.死亡 2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的 3.electricity n.电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的 4.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 ►构词法日积月累 后缀-al：survival/revival/burial是由动词survive/revive/bury＋后缀-al组成的名词。 1.-al作名词后缀，表示“人，物，状态”，如：refuse→refusal拒绝；crime→criminal罪犯；propose→proposal提议；withdraw→withdrawal撤退，撤销。 2.-al还可以作形容词后缀，表示“……的”，如：region→regional区域的；person→personal 个人的；addition→additional附加的，额外的；exception→exceptional例外的。 Ⅳ.短语词块 1.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 2.in shock震惊；吃惊 3.in the open air露天；在户外 4.on hand现有(尤指帮助) 5.sweep away消灭；彻底消除 6.the number of... ……的数量 7.as usual像往常一样 8.at (the) least至少 9.come to an end结束 10.one of the most deadly earthquakes最致命的地震之一 11.provide medical care提供医疗护理 12.put up shelters搭建避难所 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.(too... to...) 鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入室内。 2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引导的从句的虚拟语气) 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 3.Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do) 没有水和食物，电也停了。 4.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.(现在分词短语作结果状语) 昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发了冲击亚洲各地海岸线的海啸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和其他至少四个国家的6 500多人死亡。 5.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be doing... when...) 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水开始往我家里灌。 主 题 词 汇 types 类型 drought n.旱灾；久旱　sandstorm n.沙尘暴　wildfire n.野火　tsunami n.海啸　tornado n.龙卷风；旋风　typhoon n.台风　hurricane n.飓风　flood n.洪水　earthquake n.地震　snowslide n.雪崩　volcanic eruption 火山喷发　landslide/landfall n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡 results 后果 suffer from... 遭受……之苦　burn... to the ground 把……彻底焚毁　in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪　lose one’s life 失去生命　leave... homeless 使……无家可归 主 题 词 汇 rescue 救援 firefighter n. 消防队员　medical team 医疗队　rescue worker 救援人员　rescue team 救援队　provide supplies to disaster areas 向灾区提供物资　put up/set up shelters 搭建避难所 preparation & response 准备与反应 make a safety list of... 列一张……的安全清单　prepare emergency supplies/an emergency kit 准备应急物资/一个应急包　stay/keep calm 保持冷静　call an emergency number 打紧急电话　cover your head with your hands 用双手捂住头 主 题 佳 句 1.A large number of people lost their lives and thousands of houses were damaged. 许多人失去了生命，成千上万的房屋受损。 2.There is kindness to be found everywhere. 人间处处有温情。 3.I witnessed that many strangers devoted themselves to saving lives, providing food and clothes. 我亲眼看到许多陌生人全力拯救生命，提供食物和衣服。 4.With the help of the whole nation, people in disaster areas overcame many difficulties and rebuilt their homes. 在全国人民的帮助下，灾区的人们克服了许多困难，重建了他们的家园。 英语词句默写本 Ⅰ.回忆单词汉语意思，在不认识的词汇前面做出标记 □tornado　□landslide　 □tsunami　□magnitude □evacuate　□helicopter　□brick　□metal □typhoon　□hurricane　 □first aid kit Ⅱ.重点单词 1._________ n.& vt.营救；救援 2._________ vt.摧毁；毁灭 rescue destroy 3.________ n.& vt.破坏；毁坏 4.________ vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱 5.________ n.灾难；灾害 6.________ n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 7.________ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 8.________ n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给 ruin trap disaster effort affect supply 9.________ adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静 10._______ n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险) 11._______ n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手 12._______ vi.& vt.侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击 calm shelter wave strike Ⅲ.拓展单词 1.________ n.效果；结果；影响→__________ adj.有效的 2.________ n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→_________ adj.令人震惊的→___________ adj.感到震惊的 3._______ vi.& vt.呼吸→______ n.呼吸→________ adj.气喘吁吁的 4._______ n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→_________ adj.强有力的；有影响力的→__________ adj.无影响力的 effect effective shock shocking shocked breathe breath breathless power powerful powerless 5.________ vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→_________ n.喷发；爆发 6.________ vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→________ n.振兴，复苏 7.________ n.智慧；才智→_______ adj.明智的→_________ adv.明智地→___________ adj.不明智的 8.________ n.长；长度→_____ adj.长的→__________ vt.& vi.(使)变长 erupt eruption revive revival wisdom wise wisely unwise length long lengthen Ⅳ.构词法——后缀-al 1.His colleagues gave a round of applause, showing their __________ (approve) of his idea. 2.She always offers very __________ (practice) advice on how to manage our finances. 3.Climate change is a ________ (globe) challenge that requires cooperation from all countries. 4.Some young people prefer ____________ (tradition) wedding ceremonies, while others choose modern ones. approval practical global traditional Ⅴ.核心短语 1.____________严重受损；破败不堪 2.____________震惊；吃惊 3.____________现有(尤指帮助) 4.____________像往常一样 5.____________消灭；彻底消除 in shock on hand as usual sweep away in ruins 6.______________________________露天；在户外 7.______________________________至少 8.______________________________结束 9.______________________________最致命的地震之一 10._____________________________搭建避难所 in the open air at (the) least come to an end one of the most deadly earthquakes put up shelters Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.In order to find more _________ ways to protect the environment, we called on the government to put the law into _________.(effect) 2.The __________ disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 _______ up to now.(dead) 3.He takes a deep ________ (breathe) and breathes _____ the sweet smell of fresh flowers. effective effect deadly deaths breath in 4.When you write a ___________ of a passage, ______________ the main idea of each part is the first step.(summary) 5.We’d like to have these goods __________ now and we are willing to pay extra for the immediate ___________.(deliver) 6.Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase our chances of _________. Thanks to the swimming skills, my friend succeeded in _________ the flood and he was the only ___________ in his neighbourhood.(survive) summary summaris(z)ing delivered delivery survival surviving survivor Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作) 单句汉语提示 1.小女孩踮着脚尖去够顶层架子上的饼干罐，这时罐子突然从她指头滑落。(was doing... when...) 2.她呆住了，仿佛被牢牢地固定在原地，双眼因恐惧而睁得大大的。(as if) 3.罐子摔在地板上，摔成了碎片。(现在分词短语作结果状语) 4.她母亲冲了进来，但是女孩太害怕了以至于说不出话来，只能结结巴巴地说：“我——我不是故意的！”(too... to... ) 5.母亲足够温柔地蹲下，擦去女儿的眼泪并说：“意外总会发生的，亲爱的。”(be＋adj.＋to do) 微写作短文 　　1.______________________________________________________ _________________ suddenly, the jar slipped from her fingers. She froze 2.____________________, her eyes wide with terror. The jar crashed to the floor, 3.______________________. Her mother rushed in, but 4.________ _______________________, only able to stammer, “I—I didn’t mean it！” The mother 5._________________________________ and wiped her daughter’s tears, saying, “Accidents happen, sweetheart.” The little girl was tiptoeing to reach the cookie jar on the top shelf when as if rooted to the spot shattering into pieces the girl was too frightened to speak was gentle enough to crouch down Part 2　核心考点突破 1.affect vt.影响(influence)；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→__________ n.喜爱→_________ n.影响；结果；效果 (1)be affected by受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with感染……疾病 (2)show/have/feel much/an affection for... (非常)喜欢/喜爱…… (3)have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响 affection effect ①Affected ______ a serious disease, he was no longer able to rise to his feet, feeling desperate and helpless.(悲伤情绪表达) ②I propose that you should choose some presents with New Zealand features, which are bound to win your friend’s __________ (affect). 一定会 with affection 站起身 ③李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，它们对中国文学产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍) During Li Bai’s lifetime, he wrote a great number of excellent poems, ________________________________________________________. all of which have a great effect/influence on Chinese literature 2.shock n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊→_________ adj.感到震惊的→___________ adj.令人震惊的 (1)in shock吃惊，震惊 to one’s shock令某人震惊的是 (2)be shocked at sth./that... 对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而感到震惊 shocked shocking ①The news of his sudden death is so __________ that each of us is greatly __________ at it.(shock) ②I was shocked _________ (hear) that his car got crashed seriously the other day. shocking shocked to hear ③让我们震惊的是，我们支持的球队在最后10秒输掉了比赛。 →____________, the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(n.shock) →__________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(adj.shocked) →_________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(it作形式主语；vt.shock) →______________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(what引导主语从句；vt.shock) To our shock We were shocked that It shocked us that What shocked us was that 3.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.陷阱；险境 (1)be trapped in 被困在…… trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事 (2)fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套 lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套 ①The shopkeepers often trap us into __________ (buy) the products we don’t necessarily need. ②______________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl held a positive attitude, firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue. buying Trapped ③夜幕降临，一场突如其来的暴风雨席卷而来。他们发现自己被困在一个狭窄的山谷里，放眼望去没有任何遮蔽物。由于没有手机信号，气温又在迅速下降，他们挤在一起，希望救援队能在黎明前找到他们。(紧张片段描写) As darkness fell, a sudden storm rolled in, and they _______________ _______________________ with no shelter in sight. With no cell service and temperatures dropping rapidly, they huddled together, hoping rescue teams would locate them before dawn. found themselves trapped in a narrow valley 4.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩盖；隐藏→________ n.埋葬；葬礼 bury sth. in把某物埋在…… bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于 bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 ①(外研选必四U5)Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ________ (bury) deep in the jungle. burial buried ②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. →David still refused to look at me, ___________________________. (现在分词短语作状语) →David still refused to look at me, ___________________________. (with复合结构) →David still refused to look at me, ___________________________. (独立主格结构) burying his head in his arms with his head buried in his arms his head buried in his arms ③当她听到这个令人心碎的消息时，她无法承受痛苦，立刻双手掩面，失声痛哭起来。(悲伤情绪表达) When she heard the heartbreaking news, she ____________________ ____________________________________, sobbing uncontrollably. couldn’t bear the pain and immediately buried her face in her hands 5.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→_______ n.痛苦；疼痛；苦楚，苦难→__________ n.受难者；患者 (1)suffer from患……病；受……苦 (2)suffer作及物动词时，其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等受苦。 suffering sufferer ①Suffering ________ insomnia makes it difficult for me to focus during the day. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. (求助信) ②生活中总有起起落落，但正是这些磨难让我们变得更坚强。(主旨升华) There are always ups and downs in our life, but __________________ _______________________. from it is these sufferings that make us stronger 6.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免于难；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长→___________ n.幸存者→____________ n.幸存；生存 survive on靠……存活下来 survive sth. 幸免于……；从……中活下来 A survives B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……) ①She is one of the few _________ who _______ the crash and she owed that to her ________ skills learned in a medical school.(survive) survivor survival survivors survived survival ②Although the old lady suffered from a critical illness, she still survived her husband _____ 5 years, living alone in their old house until her death. ③这些徒步者很幸运地在那场突如其来的暴风雨中幸存了下来，暴风雨将他们困在山里一整夜。 The hikers ________________________________ that trapped them in the mountains overnight. by were lucky to survive the sudden storm 7.strike vt.& vi.(struck, struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；划(火柴)；突击；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想到 n.罢工；罢课；袭击 be struck by被……打动/迷住/侵袭 sth. strikes sb. 某人想到…… It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that... 某人突然想起…… strike... into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心 ①Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I’d __________________ (刻骨铭心) forever. ②她被海上日落的美丽迷住了，停下来拍了一张照片。 She ________________________________ over the ocean, pausing to take a photo. strike into my heart was struck by the beauty of the sunset 1.deliver The woman doctor who was just delivered① of her own baby months ago is delivering② a speech on how to help deliver③ a baby in emergencies. Her speech will be documented, printed and delivered④ to each household. ①________________　②_________　③________________　 ④________________ vt.分娩，生孩子 vt.发表 vt.接生，助产 vt.递送，传送 2.wave With waves① beating against the shore, my best friend Tom stepped on the ship. After I waved② goodbye to him, a wave③ of loss swept over me. ①_______________　②_____________　③________ n.海浪，波浪 vt.挥手，招手 n.心潮 3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? 生义：_________ 熟义：n.陷阱；险境 vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 vt.吸收 4.The smart community is powered by solar panels that cut carbon emissions effectively. 生义：_________ 熟义：n.能量；力量；权利 vt.驱动 5.(2022·全国乙卷)Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. 生义：_________________ 熟义：vt.& vi.打扫；清扫 n.绵延弯曲的地带 1.as if引导的从句的虚拟语气 [教材原句]　It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！ (1)as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look、seem等系动词之后。 ①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there _____ (be) an emergency. ②The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she _______ (be) their own mother. ③Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he ____________ (do) something very clever. is were had done ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我一看到冈特，就向他走去，然后拥抱了他，好像我们是多年的朋友。 The moment I saw Gunter, I advanced towards him and hugged him as if ____________________________. 注意：当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词。 we had been friends for years 2.be doing... when... “正在做……这时……” [教材原句]　I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水开始往我家里灌。 此句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意时，还常用于以下句型： (1)be about to do... when...＝be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……突然…… (2)had (just) done... when... 刚做完……这时突然…… ①I was walking cautiously along the road ________ my feet slipped and I fell over. ②他正要回答时，感觉舌头被绑住了，手掌开始出汗。(紧张心理描写) ___________________________________________________ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating. ③我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒塌了，我们几乎被吓死了。(恐惧心理描写) ___________________________________________ it fell to the ground and we were almost scared to death. when He was about to respond/was on the point of responding when We had just escaped from the burning house when Part 3　基础知识达标 Ⅰ.语境填空 1.They were hiking up the mountain ______ they spotted a rare bird. 2.I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing _______________ (happen). 3.Despite the ___________ (suffer) she had endured, she never lost her faith in humanity. 4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This method may not be __________ (effect) for everyone as each student’s oral ability is different. 5.____ struck me that her silence during the meeting was actually a form of protest. when had happened sufferings effective It 6.On returning to the town, they were shocked to find their neighborhood in _________ (ruin). 7.It was said that the explosion in the city centre caused 7 deaths, which was ____ great shock for residents. 8.Furniture is destroyed, streets are flooded and thousands of people ____________ (bury) under the houses. 9.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables to teach a lesson or to pass on __________ (wise). 10.If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ___________ (survive). ruins a are buried wisdom survival Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我突然想到，带儿子去动物园会是一个提高他动物保护意识的好主意。 ________________________________________________________ _____________ to raise his awareness of animal protection. 2.我们正在喂鱼，这时一只被困在网里的海豚吸引了我们的注意。 _____________________________ a dolphin trapped in a net caught our eye. It struck/hit/occurred to me that taking my son to the zoo would be a good idea We were feeding the fish when 3.看起来这只海豚因为不能游上来呼吸空气而受了很多苦。所以，我们决定尽我们所能去营救这只海豚。 ___________________________________________ for not being able to swim up to get air. So, we determined to do everything in our power to rescue the dolphin. 4.被我们的行为感动，许多游客也加入了拯救这只海豚的行动。 ____________________, many tourists also joined in the effort to save the dolphin. It looked as if the dolphin had suffered a lot Affected by our action 5.在我们的共同努力下，这只海豚度过了这场劫难又开始自由自在地活动了。 With our joint efforts, ___________________________ and began to move freely again. the dolphin survived the disaster Part 4　写作能力培优 培优1　应用文增分练 ——地震与救援 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Several years ago, a great earthquake hit (用本单元词汇替换黑体词： ①________) Wenchuan, a city in Sichuan Province, and everyone was ②_________ (shock). About thirty percent of the buildings ③__________ (成为废墟). Most people suffered a great deal and many people were ④______________ (死亡或受伤). struck shocked lay in ruins dead or injured There was ⑤__________ electricity nor water. ⑥________________ __________________ (仿佛世界末日来临). The government immediately organised rescue teams to evacuate people (将黑体部分改为被动句：⑦________________________________________ ___________________________) and take the ⑧ ________ (survive) to shelters in the open air. The helicopters delivered ⑨ ____________ _________________ (各种物资). Some doctors and volunteers also came to their rescue. ⑩_________________________________ (多亏了他们的共同努力和智慧), the city began to breathe and revive itself. neither It seemed as if the world were at an end Rescue teams were organised immediately by the government to evacuate people survivors all kinds of/a variety of supplies Thanks to their joint efforts and wisdom 培优2　读后续写提能练 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　shock; calm; affect; effort [动作描写]　rescue; flood; deliver; bury; damage; destroy; aid; sweep away; wave; suffer; survive; shelter; strike; trap; crash 美句 1.For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.(重复) 2.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water.(排比) 3.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(夸张) 4.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.(夸张) 5.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves... (比喻) 6.Slowly, the city began to breathe again.(拟人) 7.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.(拟人) 教材语料运用　【搞笑经历】 我的头被困在大南瓜里，我失去了冷静并陷入恐慌。我再次竭尽全力想把头从南瓜里拔出来，但白费力气。随着时间一分一秒地过去，我越来越紧张。各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的脑海。令我恼火的是，我哥哥不顾我正在遭受的事情，他轻拍那个大南瓜，咯咯地笑着。我爸爸立刻来帮助我，安慰地说：“保持镇静！”好像过了一个世纪，我成功地获救了。一个明亮的世界再次出现在我的眼前。一阵激动与喜悦交织的情绪涌上我的心头。 1.____________________________________ (with复合结构), I lost my calm and got into a panic. I made every effort to pull my head out of it once again, but in vain. I was getting more nervous as the minutes ticked away. Various terrible thoughts 2._________________ ____________. To my annoyance, 3.__________________________ (分词短语作状语), my brother tapped the huge pumpkin, giggling. With my head trapped in the huge pumpkin flooded into my mind ignoring what I was suffering Instantly, my father came to my aid, saying reassuringly, 4.“______________！”After 5._______________________________ (what引导的宾语从句), I was successfully rescued and a bright world came into my sight again. 6.____________________________ ________________ (无生命名词作主语). Keep calm what seemed like a century A mix of excitement and joy washed over me Ⅱ.核心单词 1.disaster n.灾难；灾害 2.drought n.旱灾；久旱 3.slide vi.& vt.(slid, slid)(使)滑行；滑动 4.flood n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没； vt.使灌满水；淹没 5.rescue n.& vt.营救；救援 6.damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失 7.destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭 8.affect vt.影响； 9.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 10.crack n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂 11.gas n.气体；燃气；汽油 12.ruin n.破坏；毁坏； vt.破坏；毁坏； 13.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱 14.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 15.unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体 16.context n.上下文；语境；背景， 17.supply n.供应(量)；补给； vt.供应；供给 18.tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 19.pipe n.管子；管道 20.whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)； 21.emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 22.calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静 23.aid n.援助；帮助； vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助 24.crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞 25.sweep vt.& vi.(swept, swept)打扫；清扫； 26.wave n.海浪；波浪； vi.& vt.挥手；招手 27.strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n.罢工；；袭击 5.wisdom n.智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地→unwise adj.不明智的 6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.痛苦→sufferer n.患者；受难者 7.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→eruption n.喷发；爆发 8.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力；→powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerless adj.无影响力的 9.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表；→delivery n.投递； 10.summary n.总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)e vt.& vi.总结；概括 11.effect n.效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的 12.length n.长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen vt.& vi.(使)变长 13.bury vt.埋葬；安葬→burial n.埋葬；葬礼 14.revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n.振兴，复苏 15.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；→survival n.幸存；生存→survivor n.幸存者；生还者 (2)as if/though引导状语从句时的用法： $