Unit 4 Our Memory 语法 （宾语从句 疑问词引导）导学案 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦人教版九年级上册Unit 4“宾语从句（疑问词引导）”，核心知识点涵盖what、which、how等连接词的含义、成分及用法，通过对比表格梳理连接词与教材例句，结合易错提醒（陈述语序、时态呼应）搭建学习支架，帮助学生衔接已学宾语从句基础，实现新旧知识的自然过渡。 资料特色在于语法与“记忆”主题深度融合，语篇（睡眠与记忆、动物记忆）和练习（填空、合并句子、写作）设计层层递进，既提升语言能力（在主题语境中运用语法），又通过书面表达中对AI时代记忆必要性的讨论培养思维品质，多样化练习助力学习能力发展，让学生在应用中巩固语法，提升综合语言运用能力。

宾语从句(疑问词引导) 人教版九年级上册 Unit 4 Our Memory 第一部分 核心语法精讲与练习 一、宾语从句(疑问词引导) 1. 概念对比 连接词 含义 用法说明 教材例句 what 什么 / 所……的事物 在从句中作主语/宾语/ 表语 I don't understand what she's going through. which 哪一个 在特定范围内选择,作主语/宾语 I can't remember which things you asked me to buy. how 如何 / 怎样 指方式、程度,作状语 Could you tell me how sleep improves memory? why 为什么 指原因,作原因状语 Do you know why he forgot the date? where 在哪里 指地点,作地点状语 I wonder where he put the key. when 何时 指时间,作时间状语 Can you tell me when the lecture starts? who/whom 谁 指人,who作主语,whom作宾语 Do you remember who took the wallet? 易错提醒 ① 宾语从句必须用陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后)。 ② 连接词在从句中充当相应句子成分。 ③ 主句为过去时,从句通常用相应过去时态。 2. 判断小技巧 • 从句缺"什么/内容",用 what。 • 从句缺"哪一个/哪一些",用 which。 • 从句问"方式/程度",用 how。 • 从句问"原因",用 why;问"地点",用 where;问"时间",用 when。 • 从句问"人",用 who/whom。 语法练习 A —— 用适当的连接词填空 用 what, which, how, why, where, when, who, that, if 或 whether 填空。 1. I don't understand my grandma called me by my father's name. 2. Can you tell me sleep helps turn short-term memory into long-term memory? 3. I can't remember book I borrowed from the library. 4. Do you know the Ig Nobel Prize ceremony takes place every year? 5. Scientists are studying animals can remember things for so long. 6. She asked me I was going to give the speech. 7. I wonder we still need to memorize things in the AI age. 8. Please tell me happened to your grandpa. 9. Could you show me I can improve my memory? 10. I believe a healthy lifestyle boosts memory. 语法练习 B —— 将两个简单句合并为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Where did she put the ticket? She cannot remember the ticket. 2. How does sleep improve memory? Scientists want to know memory. 3. Why is Billy so forgetful? I don't understand so forgetful. 4. Do we need to memorize things? Students debate to memorize things. 5. What did Mother Fox drop? Baby Fox wondered . 第二部分 A. 阅读理解 —— Sleep: The Brain's Memory Converter Last year, a team of neuroscientists conducted an experiment at a middle school. Two groups of students were asked to memorize the same English words. Group A stayed up late studying, while Group B slept normally. One week later, both groups took the same test. The results were surprising: Group B, who got enough sleep, scored 31% higher than Group A. "Many students think staying up late shows hard work," said Dr. Li, the lead scientist. "But during deep sleep, the brain is actually working hard to organize information. It moves important knowledge from short-term memory to long-term memory. Without enough sleep, much of what you learn will be lost quickly." The study also found that exercise can improve memory. A healthy and active body boosts both memory and mind. Experts suggest that students should sleep at least 8 hours a night and take regular exercise. As the saying goes, "Sleep is not being lazy—it is when the real learning happens." 1. What was the difference between Group A and Group B? A. They studied different words. B. Group A slept less than Group B. C. Group B stayed up late. D. They took different tests. 2. How much higher did Group B score than Group A? A. 13% higher. B. 21% higher. C. 31% higher. D. 41% higher. 3. What does the brain do during deep sleep according to Dr. Li? A. It stops working. B. It organizes information and stores memories. C. It forgets everything. D. It dreams about exams. 4. What else can improve memory besides sleep? A. Eating more meat. B. Taking regular exercise. C. Playing video games. D. Watching TV. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Danger of Staying Up Late B. Sleep: The Brain's Memory Converter C. How to Memorize English Words D. Exercise and Body Building B. 完形填空 —— Animal Memories That Last 先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Research shows that many animals have good long-term memories. They 1 where food can be found and where it is safe. For example, when squirrels 2 thousands of nuts in autumn, they can 3 most of them months later. This 4 helps them get through winter. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south. Humans do not know for sure how they remember the route, but they seldom get lost. Dolphins can 5 the voices of other dolphins—even after 20 years. Each dolphin has a 6 whistle, like a name. These animals don't use phones or notes. Their memories are 7 in their brains. Scientists wonder 8 animal memory works differently from human memory. One thing is clear: good memory helps animals 9 in the wild. Interestingly, the 2026 Kavli Prize winner discovered that memory forms through protein synthesis near synapses. This may explain 10 both humans and animals can create lasting memories. 1. A. forget B. remember C. doubt D. ignore 2. A. eat B. bury C. find D. count 3. A. lose B. find C. hide D. break 4. A. ability B. chance C. habit D. mistake 5. A. copy B. hate C. recognize D. follow 6. A. loud B. unique C. beautiful D. strange 7. A. lost B. stored C. broken D. created 8. A. what B. why C. how D. where 9. A. survive B. play C. sleep D. travel 10. A. what B. which C. why D. who C. 词汇考查 —— 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. It is important for us (not stay) up late before exams. 2. My grandpa's memory is getting worse, but he still (remember) my birthday. 3. I can't recall which notebook I wrote your email (address) in. 4. The discovery was (effect) in explaining how memory works. 5. She doesn't know what (happen) to her keys. 6. Scientists are still working on this (discover). 7. I wonder if this method is (use). 8. The man has lost a lot of blood. He is (like) to die if not treated at once. 9. It is hard to believe that he can remember (exact) what happened 20 years ago. 10. I don't understand why he (react) so badly to the news. 第三部分 书面表达 题目:请以 Do We Need to Memorize Things? 为题,写一篇不少于80词的英语短文。 要点提示: 1. 描述一种现象:有人认为AI时代不需要记忆,有人认为记忆训练仍然重要; 2. 给出你的观点和理由(如:记忆帮助判断信息真伪、锻炼大脑、降低痴呆风险等); 3. 谈谈你平时使用的一种记忆方法; 4. 文中至少使用两句含宾语从句的句子(what / how / why / whether 等); 5. 以 "I believe that" 结尾。 参考词汇:memory, memorize, AI, tool, brain, train, knowledge, judge, effective, method, independent 参考范文框架: Nowadays, many students wonder whether Some people think However, I believe Scientists have found that I usually use to remember I have learned that I believe that 参考答案与解析 第一部分 语法练习 A 1. why【解析】句意为"我不明白奶奶为什么用爸爸的名字叫我",问原因用 why。 2. how【解析】句意为"睡眠如何帮助将短期记忆转为长期记忆",问方式用 how。 3. which【解析】句意为"我不记得从图书馆借了哪本书",有范围选择用 which。 4. where【解析】句意为"你知道搞笑诺贝尔奖每年在哪里举行吗",问地点用 where。 5. how / why【解析】句意为"科学家正在研究动物如何能/为什么能记住这么久",how 问方式,why 问原因,均可。 6. when【解析】句意为"她问我什么时候要演讲",问时间用 when。 7. whether / if【解析】句意为"我想知道AI时代我们是否还需要记忆",含"是否"之意,用 whether / if。 8. what【解析】句意为"请告诉我你爷爷怎么了",what happened to 为固定表达。 9. how【解析】句意为"你能告诉我如何提高记忆力吗",问方式用 how。 10. that【解析】句意为"我相信健康的生活方式能促进记忆",陈述事实用 that。 语法练习 B 1. where she put【解析】Where did she put 变为宾语从句,用 where 引导,改为陈述语序 she put。 2. how sleep improves【解析】How does sleep improve 变为宾语从句,用 how 引导,改为陈述语序 sleep improves。 3. why Billy is【解析】Why is Billy 变为宾语从句,用 why 引导,改为陈述语序 Billy is。 4. whether we need【解析】一般疑问句变为宾语从句,用 whether 引导,改为陈述语序 we need。 5. what Mother Fox dropped【解析】What did Mother Fox drop 变为宾语从句,用 what 引导,改为陈述语序 Mother Fox dropped。 第二部分 A. 阅读理解 1. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段"Group A stayed up late studying, while Group B slept normally"可知,A组熬夜,B组正常睡觉,即A组比B组睡眠少。 2. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Group B scored 31% higher than Group A"可知,B组高出31%。 3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段"during deep sleep, the brain is actually working hard to organize information. It moves important knowledge from short-term memory to long-term memory"可知,大脑在深度睡眠时整理信息并储存记忆。 4. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段"The study also found that exercise can improve memory"可知,运动也能改善记忆。 5. B【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕睡眠如何将短期记忆转化为长期记忆展开,B项"睡眠:大脑的记忆转换器"最能概括主旨。 B. 完形填空 —— Memorizing in the AI Age 1. A【解析】debate 表示"辩论",句意为"最近许多中学举行了一场辩论"。game(游戏)、party(聚会)、class(课程)均不符合。 2. C【解析】immediately 表示"立刻",句意为"当我的手机能立刻提供它们时"。slowly(缓慢地)、quietly(安静地)、carefully(仔细地)均不符合。 3. B【解析】train 表示"训练",句意为"它是训练大脑的一种方式"。hurt(伤害)、clean(清洁)、sell(出售)均不符合。 4. C【解析】structure 表示"结构",句意为"改变你的大脑结构"。size(大小)、colour(颜色)、name(名字)均不符合。 5. C【解析】knowledge 表示"知识",句意为"如果你脑子里没有知识"。money(钱)、time(时间)、food(食物)均不符合。 6. A【解析】judge 表示"判断",句意为"你无法判断AI的答案是否正确"。read(阅读)、write(写)、copy(复制)均不符合。 7. B【解析】tool 表示"工具",句意为"AI只是一个工具"。teacher(老师)、student(学生)、master(主人)均不符合。 8. A【解析】risk 表示"风险",句意为"将痴呆风险降低25%"。cost(成本)、speed(速度)、size(大小)均不符合。 9. D【解析】whether 表示"是否",句意为"那么在AI时代我们是否还需要记忆呢"。what(什么)、how(如何)、why(为什么)均不符合句意。 10. A【解析】ready 表示"准备好的",句意为"让你的大脑为挑战做好准备"。sorry(抱歉的)、late(迟的)、slow(慢的)均不符合。 C. 词汇考查 1. not to stay【解析】It is important for sb. not to do sth.,否定词 not 置于 to 之前。 2. remembers【解析】主语 he 为第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词加 -s。 3. address【解析】email address 表示"电子邮箱地址",用名词原形。 4. effective【解析】be effective in doing sth. 表示"在做某事方面有效",用形容词 effective。 5. happened【解析】句意为"她不知道她的钥匙怎么了",描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时 happened。 6. discovery【解析】this 后接名词,discover 的名词形式为 discovery。 7. useful【解析】be 动词后接形容词,use 的形容词形式为 useful。 8. likely【解析】be likely to do sth. 表示"可能做某事",用形容词 likely。 9. exactly【解析】修饰动词 remember,用副词 exactly。 10. reacted【解析】描述过去发生的反应,用一般过去时 reacted。 第三部分 书面表达参考范文 Do We Need to Memorize Things? Nowadays, many students wonder whether we still need to memorize things in the AI age. Some people think AI can provide any answer quickly, so memorizing is a waste of time. However, I believe memory training is still very important. Scientists have found that sleep helps turn short-term memory into long-term memory. A study shows that students who sleep well perform 31% better in tests. This tells me that memorizing is not just about storing information—it is about building a healthy brain. I usually use the method of creating images to remember new words. For example, when I learn the word "apple", I picture a red apple in my mind. I have learned that this method is very effective. If we have no knowledge in our heads, we cannot judge whether AI's answers are correct. AI is only a tool. The real thinking must come from ourselves. I believe that memorizing things trains our brain and makes us better learners. 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $