选修3 UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY-【优化探究】2027年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（北师大版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“Human Biology”主题，依据高考评价体系梳理核心词汇（如capability、bound）、经典句式（不定式作定语、现在分词作结果状语）及熟词生义（condition、contain）等考点，通过近三年真题分析明确词汇辨析占30%、句式应用占25%的高频分布，归纳阅读理解、语法填空、写作等常考题型，体现备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题融入+考点突破+素养提升”，如结合2024年新课标卷真题解析capability的“be capable of”结构，通过“词根词缀法”和“语境应用训练”突破词汇难点，培养语言能力与思维品质。写作部分提供科技节应用文模板和读后续写情感动作描写语料，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此设计分层训练，实现高效复习。

教材复习 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY 主题语境　人类生物学 1 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　基础知识夯实 Part 2　核心考点突破 Part 3　基础知识达标 Part 4　写作能力培优 英语词句默写本(一) 英语词句默写本(二) 2 Part 1　基础知识夯实 注：下面单词词义中的铺灰部分表示该词的生义。 Ⅰ.核心单词 1.justify　　　　 vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 2.barrier n.障碍，壁垒 3.identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 4.forever adv.永远；长久地 5.emotion n.强烈的情感，激情 ★提示：速记后再做《英语词句默写本》及时巩固 6.crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 7.bound adj.很有可能，肯定会；一定会; (车、船等)开往…… vi.跳跃 8.mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 9.abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n.滥用；虐待；谩骂 10.contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛；抑制 11.locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置；位于 12.zone n.地区，地带 13.factor n.因素，要素 14.officially adv.官方地，正式地 15.widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的 16.estimate vt.估计，估算 17.visible adj.看得见的，可见的 18.symptom n.症状；征兆，症候 19.bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 20.pose vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) vi.(为画像、摄影)摆好姿势 n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势, 姿态；装腔作势 21.outbreak n.(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生 22.actual adj.实际的，真实的 23.thorough adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的 24.paragraph n.(文章的)段，段落 25.phenomenon n.现象 26.needle n.针 27.victim n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 Ⅱ.拓展单词 1.wholly adv.完全地→whole adj.完全的 2.blessing n.福气，幸运→bless vt.祝福 3.nerve n.神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→nervous adj.紧张的→nervously adv.不安 4.rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的→rarely adv.很少，难得 5.systematic adj.系统化的，有条理的→system n.系统，体系，制度 6.biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物的；生物学的→biologist n.生物学家 7.physicist n.物理学家→physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的；身体的；物质的→physically adv.身体上；根本上 8.globe n.地球，世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的 9.capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的→incapable adj.没有能力的 10.comparison n.比较→compare v.比较；比得上；将……比作→comparable adj.可比较的→incomparable adj.不可比拟的 11.accurate adj.准确的，正确的→inaccurate adj.不精确的，不准确的→accurately adv.准确地→accuracy n.准确性，准确度 12.steadily adv.稳定地→steady adj.稳定的；稳固的→unsteady adj.不稳定的 13.calculate vt.计算，核算→calculation n.计算，核算→calculator n.计算器 14.participant n.参加者，参与者→participate vi.参加，参与→participation n.参加 15.edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→edition n.版本，版次→editor n.编辑，主编 16.classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classified adj.分类的；机密的→classification n.归类，分类，分级 17.opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物→oppose vt.反对→opposite adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n.反对，反抗 18.depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depress vt.令人沮丧；使萧条→depression n.沮丧;(经济)萧条 19.suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 vt.怀疑→suspicion n.怀疑；感觉→suspicious adj.怀疑的；可疑的 20.identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→identification n.确定，发现；鉴定；辨认 21.betterment n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→better vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过 22.treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式→treat n.乐事；款待 vt.治疗；对待；招待，款待 23.infer vt.推断，推定→inference n.推断，推定 24.corresponding adj.相应的；对应的→correspond vi.相一致；符合；通信；类似于→correspondence n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件 ▶构词法日积月累 1.前缀under-表示“在……之下，低于；下面的，从属的，次的；不足”。如undergrowth=under-+growth(生长物)→(长在大树下或周边的)下木层,underground=under-+ground(地面)→地铁。 2.词根pos表示“to put,to place”,有“放置，摆放”等含义。如expose=ex-(向外，外)+pos(放置)+-e(动词后缀)→揭露，暴露;dispose=dis-(分散)+pos(放置)+-e(动词后缀)→布置。 3.词根spond/spons表示“承诺，发誓”。如correspond =cor-(共同)+re-(回)+spond(承诺)→通信;responsible=re-(回)+spons(承诺)+-ible(形容词后缀)→负责任的。 Ⅲ.短语词块 1.depend on a rare ability依赖一种罕见的超能力 2.lead to long-term disruptions导致长时间的紊乱 3.in comparison with people living in high-altitude regions与生活在高海拔地区的人相比 4.a great deal of genetic information大量遗传信息 5.be bound to occur一定会发生 6.be viewed as a “hidden organ”被看作是一个“隐形器官” 7.come into contact with bacteria接触到细菌 8.be classified as a critical nutrient group被归为关键营养素类 9.the longest human lifespan on record记录在案的人类最长寿命 10.up to 100 trillion多达100万亿 11.get through the energy shortage经历能源短缺 12.in the course of aging在衰老过程中 13.result in sleep disorders导致睡眠障碍 14.come up with a comprehensive theory 提出一套完整的理论 15.step out of the comfort zone 走出舒适区 Ⅳ.悟经典句式 1.They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes, monkeys, and humans) to have been cloned!(the+序数词+n.+to do...) 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 2.While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.(while 引导的让步状语从句) 尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。 3.With recent press reports drawing parallels between bird flu and killer epidemics of the past, Jim Smith looks at the sometimes depressing history of epidemics for clues about how we can create a more positive future without epidemics.(with复合结构) 随着最近的媒体报道将禽流感和过去的致命流行病相类比，吉姆·史密斯审视了有时令人沮丧的流行病历史，寻找关于我们如何创造一个更美好的没有流行病的未来的线索。 21 4.Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.(现在分词短语作结果状语) 科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。 5.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.(sb./sth. be believed to be/have been...) 在18个月内造成5 000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。 23 主 题 词 汇 Human body 人类身体 muscle n.肌肉　vein n.静脉　nerve n.神经　liver n.肝脏　shoulder n.肩膀　chest n.胸膛　waist n.腰　stomach n.胃，腹部　elbow n.肘　lung n.肺　organ n.器官　blood vessel血管 24 主 题 词 汇 Biotechnology 生物技术 edit genes编辑基因　develop artificially人工培育　electric impulses电脉冲　break the technical barrier打破技术障碍　make an exact copy of完全复制……　identical twins同卵双胞胎　refresh the technical possibility of刷新……的技术可行性　stimulate specific points on the body刺激身体上特定的穴位　genetic engineering基因工程　 主 题 词 汇 Biotechnology 生物技术 a major breakthrough重大突破　fight against epidemics对抗传染病　extremely infectious传染性极强的　find cures to infectious diseases找到传染病的治疗方法　effective treatments for epidemics治疗传染病的有效方法　DNA detectives DNA检测　a full DNA profile完整的DNA图谱　cutting-edge technology/research/science尖端技术/研究/科学 主 题 词 汇 Comments on biotechnology 对生物技术的评价 cautious adj.谨慎的　controversial adj.引起争论的；有争议的　innovative adj.革新的，创新的　pioneering adj.开拓性的，先驱性的　attract attention引起关注　ethical issues/questions/problems道德/伦理问题　raise moral concerns提出道德上的担忧　scientific advancement科学进步　better human life改善人类生活　predict the future预测未来　make a judgement作出判断/结论 主 题 佳 句 1.Science is a powerful instrument. How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. 科学是一种强有力的工具。它如何使用，对人类是福是祸，取决于人类，而不是取决于工具。 主 题 佳 句 2.People raise moral concerns on cloning. They wonder if clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity. 人们对克隆提出道德上的担忧。他们想知道克隆是否应该被视为具有自己身份的物体或个体。 3.The human body is capable of doing many things, such as running very fast and jumping very high. 人体有能力做很多事情，比如跑得很快和跳得很高。 英语词句默写本(一) Ⅰ.回忆单词汉语意思，在不认识的词汇前面做出标记 □marathon　□athletics　□innovate　□vaccine　□resilience　□doping　□clone　□gene　□artificially　□identical　□mammal　□camel　□cattle　□goat　□primate　□ape　□reproductive　□clue　□provoke　□ethical　□inferior　□curse　□atom　□organ　□impulse　□crossword　□intake　□epidemic　□virus　□variation　□bacteria　□baseline　□parallel　□sample　□CE　□lung　□trial　□underline　□symbolically　□mineral　□database　□astronomer Ⅱ.重点单词 1.___________ vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护 2. ___________ adj.很有可能，肯定会；一定的;(车、船等)开往……的vi.跳跃 3. ___________ n.障碍，壁垒 4. ___________ vt.包含，容纳，装盛；抑制 5. ___________ adv.永远；长久地 6. ___________ n.强烈的情感，激情 justify bound barrier contain forever emotion 7. ___________ adj.至关重要的，关键性的 8. ___________ vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置，位于 9. ___________ vt.滥用，妄用；虐待n.滥用；虐待；谩骂 10. ___________ n.地区，地带 11. ___________ n.因素，要素 12. ___________ adv.官方地，正式地 crucial locate abuse zone factor officially Ⅲ.拓展单词 1. ___________ n.生物学→___________ adj.生物的；生物学的→___________ n.生物学家 2. ___________ adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的→___________ adv.很少，难得 3. ___________ adj.系统化的，有条理的→___________ n.系统，体系，制度 4. ___________ adv.完全地→___________ adj.完全的 5. ___________ n.福气，幸运→___________ vt.祝福 biology biological biologist rare rarely systematic system wholly whole blessing bless Ⅳ.构词法——前缀under-及词根pos/spond/spons 1.写出加黑词的词性和词义 ①(2024·九省联考)She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. ___________ ②(2024·浙江1月卷)Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. ___________ adj. 水下的 n.本科生 ③(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.___________ ④(2024·全国甲卷)From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling. ___________ adj.易懂的 v.经历 ⑤(2024·全国甲卷)The popularization of new energy vehicles underscores China’s dedication to environmental sustainability, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. ______________ ⑥(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.___________ v.凸显，强调 v.低估 ⑦It was noticeable how a few people managed to impose their will on the others.___________ ⑧(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. _________________ v.强制实行 adj.政府资助的 2.(2024·全国甲卷)These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances convenience with environmental _____________ (responsible). 3.(2025·全国二卷)When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the ___________ (oppose) happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. responsibility opposite Ⅴ.核心短语 1. ___________ (高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品，垃圾食品  2. ___________ 导致  3. _____________________ 与……相比  4. _______________ 大量  5. ____________ 一定；势必会  6. _________________ 被看作是  7. ____________________ 接触到，和……接触  junk food lead to in comparison with a great deal of be bound to be viewed as come into contact with Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Evidently,___________ warming has caused great concern and we should take effective measures to protect the ___________. (globe) 2.Hoping to calm our ___________, we decided to spend the afternoon at the lake and nevertheless, the idea of taking the same boat with the boss made me ___________. (nerve) 3.What impresses us is Mr. Wang’s continuous ___________(capable) to chase his dreams. He is always capable ______ achieving his goals. global globe nerves nervous capability of 4. ___________ with /In ___________ with other college students, his life was ordinary and happy, but he didn’t want to ___________ himself with others. (compare) 5.A country, which wants to be powerful and ___________, should pay attention to developing its economy ___________. (steady) 6.We have every reason to believe her report to be _________, because she is always paying attention to ___________ of her work. (accurate) 7.The ___________ was interested in ___________ and various ___________ phenomena attracted his attention. (physical) Compared comparison compare steady steadily accurate accuracy physicist physics physical Ⅱ.微写作——应用文(根据提示及语境补全语篇) 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 1.坚决主张我们每个人都(应该)对自己的健康负责(insist后接that宾语从句) Dear fellow students, 　　①___________ the face of future challenges, we 1.___________________________________________________________. Therefore, it is high time for us to protect our health. In insist that each of us (should) take responsibility for our own health 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 2.身体健康是首先要考虑的事情(the+序数词+n.+to do...) 　　There is no doubt that 2.______________________ _____________________. It always comes first to get enough sleep as well as keep a balance between work and rest. Moderate exercise is also a must, which will definitely improve our immune system. Plus, say no to bad habits and stick ②___________ a healthy diet. physical health is the first thing to be considered to 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 3.虽然我们自己很难坚持锻炼(while引导的让步状语从句) 　　3.______________________________________ _____________, we may take exercise together with our family members and friends. Let’s keep healthy from now on! The Students’ Council While it is difficult for us to keep working out on our own 英语词句默写本(二) Ⅰ.重点单词 1. ___________ vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 2. ___________ n.(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生 3. ____________ n.现象 4. ___________ adj.分布广的，广泛流传的 5. ___________ vt.估计，估算 pose outbreak phenomenon widespread estimate 6. ___________ adj.看得见的，可见的 7. ___________ n.症状；征兆，症候 8. ___________ vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；使陷入 9. ___________ adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的 10. ___________ n.(文章的)段，段落 11. ___________ n.针 12. ___________ n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者 visible symptom bury thorough paragraph needle victim Ⅱ.拓展单词 1. ___________ vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→___________ adj.分类的；机密的→_____________ n.归类，分类，分级 2. ___________ vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→___________ n.版本，版次→___________ n.编辑，主编 3. ___________ n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→___________ vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过 classify classified classification edit edition editor betterment better 4. _______________ adj.相应的；对应的→___________ vi.相一致；符合；类似于→________________ n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件 5. ___________ vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→______________ n.确定，发现；鉴定；辨认 corresponding correspond correspondence identify identification Ⅲ.核心短语 1. _______________ 被归类为  2. ___________ 有记载的，记录在案的  3. ___________ 多达；直到  4. ___________ 度过，熬过；设法处理，完成  5. _______________ 在……期间，在……过程中  6. ___________ 导致  7. _______________ 想出，想到  be classified as on record up to get through in the course of result in come up with Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.When you are asked to infer something ___________ the text, you must make ___________ (infer) according to the passage you read instead of your imagination! 2.To my surprise, my ___________ (oppose) is not opposed ___________ giving me a second chance and thus, I am appreciative of his generosity. from inferences opponent to 3.You need to ___________ how much time the assignment will take, though your ___________ may not be very accurate. (calculate) 4.The injured man ______________ now by the most skilful doctors,so he is likely to regain consciousness soon after the ___________. (treat)  5.They expected all the students to ___________ in the activity and ___________should be active in showing their advantages. (participate) calculate calculation is being treated treatment participate participants 6.Judging from his ___________ (suspect) behaviour, I suspected him ___________ stealing my lost watch and I needed more evidence to prove my ___________ (suspect). suspicious of suspicion Ⅱ.微写作——读后续写(根据提示及语境补全语篇) 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 1.这个项目被认为对年轻人有益且有意义(sb./sth. be believed to be;定语从句) 　　Dan’s uncle came back on vacation, who was participating in a project, 1.___________________ _________________________________. He learned from Dan’s parents that Dan had been addicted to his smartphone for a long time, which was believed to be beneficial and meaningful for youth 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 2.使得他似乎正在丧失面对面沟通的能力(现在分词短语作结果状语) 2.____________________________________________________________—this ①___________ (worry) Dan’s parents a lot, so the uncle decided to have a heart-to-heart talk with Dan. making him seem to be losing his face-to-face communication skills worried 单句汉语提示 微写作短文 3.随着周六的到来(with复合结构) 3. ________________________, the uncle invited Dan and his friends to run happily in the park in the morning. Later, Dan helped his parents prepare a delicious lunch. In the afternoon, the whole family stayed together to watch the latest movie, and in the evening, all members read books at home. Dan really loved such a ②___________ (color) life. With Saturday approaching colorful Part 2　核心考点突破 1 capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→___________ adj.有能力的；能干的(反:incapable) (1)be capable of...有……的能力/本领，能……的 (2)capability to do/of doing sth.做某事的能力 capable ①Some participants found that some animals in the zoo had lost the ___________ (capable) to catch food for themselves. ②Despite the challenging circumstances, Tom was capable ___________ remaining calm. When chaos erupted in the classroom, he stepped forward, organizing his classmates to address the situation. capability of 59 ③随着项目的推进，每个人都发现了这位新团队成员的非凡能力。她不仅以极高的效率完成了自己的任务，还为他们遇到的问题提供了创新性的解决方案。 As the project progressed, everyone discovered ___________________ ________________________________. She not only completed her own tasks with remarkable efficiency but also offered innovative solutions to the problems they encountered.  the extraordinary capabilities of the new team member 60 (1)in comparison with与……相比 by comparison (with...) (和……)相比之下 (2)compare...with/to...把……与……进行比较 compare...to...把……比作…… beyond/without compare无与伦比；举世无双 2 comparison n.比较，对照；比喻→___________ vt.比较，对比；把……比作 compare 61 ①(人教选必一)Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful, we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger. By ___________ (compare), when we feel powerless, we tend to slump, making ourselves smaller. ②___________ (compare) with traditional payment, mobile payment has its advantages and disadvantages. ③老师经常被比作蜡烛，因为他们对工作的奉献精神是无与伦比的。 Teachers ___________________________, and that’s because their devotion to work is ________________________.  comparison Compared are often compared to candles beyond/without compare 62 (1)under treatment在治疗中 (2)treat...as...把……看作……;把……视为…… treat sb.to sth.用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人 treat sb.with...以……方式对待某人 3 treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法(cure);对待方式→___________ n.招待；款待 v.对待；款待，请(客);治疗 treat 63 ①Because I was under ___________ (treat), my mother was strongly opposed to my father treating me ___________ junk food. ②If the patient ___________ (treat) in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.  →_______________________, the patient was likely to be saved.(分词短语作状语)  treatment to was treated Treated in a proper way 64 ③通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重的方式对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。 Through the community service, I wholly realized that not only ___________________________________________ but we also ______________________________.  should we treat the homeless with respect should treat them as equals be bound to do 很有可能/肯定会……;有责任/义务做…… be bound for sp.准备前往某地 4 bound adj.很有可能，肯定会；受束缚的，受约束的;(法律或道德上)有义务的vi.跳跃着跑 66 ①On a bitterly cold day, the crew went aboard a massive ship bound ___________ the Atlantic. ②You will be exposed to many new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning experiences. Furthermore, the production of knowledge is bound ___________ (grow) rapidly.   ③杰克蹦蹦跳跳地冲进房间，手里拿着一封信，他的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。(动作描写+情绪描写) Jack came ______________________ holding a letter in his hand, his eyes sparkling with excitement.  for to grow bounding into the room 67 contain one’s anger/disappointment/curiosity/feelings 克制自己的愤怒/失望/好奇/情感 contain oneself 控制自己；自制 5 contain vt.包含(include),容纳(hold,seat),装盛；控制(control) →___________ n.容器 container 68 ①The box ___________ a number of letters, ___________ those from her admirers and her husband’s letters.(contain; include) ②(2025·全国一卷)Crucially, this process relies on the water ___________ (contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. ③当拿起奖品时，这位年轻的参赛者高兴得不能自已，笑得合不拢嘴。(心理描写) When taking up the prize, the young participant ___________________ _______________, grinning from ear to ear.  contains including containing couldn’t contain himself for joy 69 [特别提醒]　contain侧重于所含有的数量或成分;include侧重于范围，是整体和部分的关系，常使用“including+被包括部分”或“被包括部分+included”的结构。 70 (1)be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 (2)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 oppose sb.doing sth.反对某人做某事 6 opposed adj.与某事物相反(contrary);反对某事物，不赞成某事物(反:supportive)→___________ vt.反对；抵制→___________ adj.对面的；相反的 prep.在……对面→___________ n.反对，反抗 oppose opposite opposition 71 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)In practice, doubt has had the ___________ (oppose) effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To be honest, most students oppose ___________ (group) students randomly for the upcoming oral practice sessions. →To be honest, most students _________________________ students randomly for the upcoming oral practice sessions.(adj.)  opposite grouping are opposed to grouping 72 ③Because all of my friends were ___________ (oppose) to my plan, I couldn’t resist sobbing, hiding my face in my hands.(心理描写) →______________________________________, I couldn’t resist sobbing, hiding my face in my hands.(with复合结构)  →__________________________________, I couldn’t resist sobbing, hiding my face in my hands.(独立主格结构)  opposed With all of my friends opposed to my plan All of my friends opposed to my plan bury...in...把……埋到……;使……沉浸于…… bury oneself in (doing)...埋头于/专心于(做)…… bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面 7 bury v.埋葬，安葬；埋藏，隐藏(hide);使沉浸；使专心(absorb) 74 ①(外研选必四改编)The adventurer believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ___________ (bury) deep in the jungle. ②He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ___________ (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat. ③当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。 She __________________________________ when she heard the bad news.  buried buried buried her face in her hands and wept 75 [名师指津]　表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有:be devoted to, be lost in, be engaged in, be absorbed in, focus/concentrate on等。 (1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事 suspect sb.to be/as...怀疑某人是…… suspect that...怀疑……;认为……可能 (2)be suspicious of/about...对……怀疑 8 suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子 v.猜疑；猜想(suppose);怀疑(doubt)→___________ n.怀疑；感觉→___________ adj.怀疑的；可疑的 suspicion suspicious 77 ①He suspected me ___________ stealing the old woman’s gold ring and even my best friend was ___________ (suspect) about my personal qualities, so I buried my face in my hands, sobbing uncontrollably.(心理描写) ②The fellow _______________ (suspect) of theft, so he was questioned by the police.  →___________________, the fellow was questioned by the police.(分词短语作状语)   of suspicious was suspected Suspected of theft 78 ③我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松，但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。 _________________________________________________________, but actually he made it with strong willpower.  [名师指津]　与suspect sb.of sth.结构相同的短语有:inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事,remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事,rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物,accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事,warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事。 We suspected that the injured participant may not finish the marathon get across (使)通过;(使)被理解;(把……)讲清楚 get along/on well with...……进展状况/相处关系/身体状况良好 get away (from) 离开，外出度假，摆脱 get down下来，记下，写下 get down to (doing) sth.开始认真处理/对待某事；着手(做)某事 get about 四处走动(get around/round),消息传播 get off 下车，脱下(衣服等) get over越过，克服 get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 9 get through用完，耗尽；接通；完成；度过，熬过 80 用get的相关短语填空 ①If we can ___________ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.  ②If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to _______________________ others.  ③创造一个理想的工作环境将使我们更容易快速地着手完成任务。 Creating an ideal working environment will make it easier for us to ________________________ our assignments quickly.  get over get on/along well with get down to finishing 81 1 condition n.状况；疾病；条件，环境v.训练，使适应；制约，影响 ①Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. ________________ ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. ___________ n.条件，环境 n.疾病 82 ③Mental health experts often remind people to pay attention to their emotional condition—long-term stress can easily lead to anxiety. ___________ ④A person’s personality is often conditioned by their family environment and early life experiences. _______________ ⑤Dogs can be conditioned to respond to specific commands, like“sit”or“stay”, through consistent rewards and repetition. _________________ n.状况 v.制约，影响 v.训练，使适应 83 2 nerve n.焦虑，恐惧，紧张；厚颜无耻，鲁莽；勇气；神经 ①Before important exams, she always has bad nerves—she can’t sleep well and keeps worrying about making mistakes.__________________ ②The neighbor kept playing loud music until 2 a.m. last night, and when I complained, she had the nerve to tell me I was “too sensitive”. ___________ 焦虑，恐惧，紧张 厚颜无耻 84 ③He was supposed to perform his guitar solo on stage, but he lost his nerve at the last minute and ran off backstage.___________ ④A routine physical exam revealed that she has a mild nerve compression in her neck, which explains her frequent numbness in the arms. ___________ 勇气 神经 85 3 contain v.包含，含有，容纳；克制，抑制(感情);防止……蔓延(或恶化);牵制，遏制 ①(2025·全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. ______________ ②She tried her best to contain her excitement when she heard she had been accepted into her dream university. ___________________ 包含，含有 克制，抑制(感情) 86 ③During the battle, the top troops were sent to contain the enemy’s advance, buying time for the main force to regroup. ______________ ④More than a hundred firemen are still trying to contain the fire at the plant. _________________ 牵制，遏制 防止……蔓延 87 请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思 4 She bounded① up the steps and pushed the bell of the door, holding a letter, which said that her uncle would take a Paris-bound② plane the next Saturday. He was bound③ to make a telephone call to her on arrival. ①______________　②_________________________________　 ③___________ vi.跳跃着跑 adj.(车、船等)开往……的 adj.一定的 88 5 The emergency posed① a threat to our project, but luckily, we successfully coped with it. To celebrate our success, all of us posed② for a photograph and each of us had a different pose③. ①_____________________________________________　 ②_______________　③________________________________ vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) vi.摆好姿势 n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 89 6 The doctors treated① me for my illness and treated② me as their friend. I was so moved that I decided to treat③ them to some delicious foods. ①___________　②________________　③________________ vt.治疗 vt.把……看作 vt.招待，款待 90 1 不定式(短语)作后置定语 [教材原句]　They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes, monkeys, and humans) to have been cloned! 它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长目动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)! 91 英语中常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况: (1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 (2)不定代词something,nothing,little等后常用不定式(短语)作定语。 (3)抽象名词time, way, reason, chance, ability, courage, opportunity, wish等后常用不定式(短语)作定语。 (4)被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等词时。 92 ①We all have something ___________ (be) grateful for but we sometimes don’t realize it.  ②约翰是第一个想到做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。 John was _________________________________________ to help Bernard earn some extra money. He was convinced that he had the ability __________________________________.  to be the first person to think of making popcorn to help Bernard out of the difficulty ③我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(申请信) I can speak fluent English and I am_____________________________ ___________ for further study. There is no doubt that I am __________ _________________________________.  the only student in my class to go abroad the best person to be responsible for the job [教材原句]　Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 科学家们现在估计，该地区高达50%的人口死于这种流行病，这使它成为罗马帝国灭亡的主要原因之一。 2 现在分词短语作结果状语 95 (1)现在分词短语作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果。 (2)动词不定式作结果状语时，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only, just等词连用。 96 ①George returned after the war, only ___________ (tell) his wife had left him.  ②(2025·全国一卷)Such an inviting column, adopting a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others’ characteristics, thus _____________ (strengthen) mutual understanding. ③让我们携起手来，使校园更安全，创造一个和平、和谐的环境。 Let’s join hands to make the campus safer,_______________________ _______________________.  to be told strengthening creating a peaceful and harmonious environment 97 Part 3　基础知识达标 Ⅰ.语境填空 1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Not only may it distract us from our studies and even disrupt the school order, but it might also cause unnecessary ___________ (compare) and affect our self-esteem when the videos don’t get the expected response. 2.The government advocates classifying rubbish ___________ four categories: recyclable waste, unrecyclable waste, harmful waste and other waste. comparisons into 3.(2023·北京卷)All of her runs have a guiding purpose:to call attention to ___________ (globe) water issues. 4. ___________ (bury) in writing a science fiction novel, she didn’t realize it began to rain outside. 5.It struck me that I could treat the girl ___________ an absorbing drama in return for her help. 6.Some students do realize they are blessed ___________ the opportunity to study in the bright and spacious classrooms. However, others take it for granted. global Buried to with 7.I suspect the so-called poet ___________ copying others’ poems but I have no solid evidence. 8.In spite of the icy cold weather, my mother is the first ___________ (get) up to prepare breakfast.  9.The scholar, who is said _________________ (graduate) from Cambridge University, will give us a lecture about English poetry.  10.I think there is a good reason for her absence as she ___________ (rare) stays away from work without approval. of to get to have graduated rarely 11.The literary work Dream of the Red Chamber contains 120 chapters, ___________ (include) 40 chapters written by Gao’E. 12.The campfire crackled and burned low as night fell, ___________ (cast) long, wavy shadows on the tent walls. including casting Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。 I strongly opposed __________________ the cross-country run. He closed his eyes tightly, pondering on _______________.  David giving up my opposition 2.英语口语俱乐部的成员们每天花半个小时专心练习说英语，渐渐地，他们的英语说得越来越流利了。 Spoken English club members _________________________________ ____________________________________ and they gradually speak English more and more fluently.  bury themselves in practising speaking English for half an hour on a daily basis 3.虽然大卫是最后一个越过终点线的参与者，但他并不沮丧，相反，他的脸上绽放出胜利的光芒。 Though David was __________________________ the finishing line, he was not depressed and instead, his face lit up with victory.  the last participant to cross 4.His daughter is said ______________(study) law at university and will graduate next year.  →___________________________________________________________________________(it作形式主语)  5.她刚才所说的同大多数人所持的观点不一致。 What she has just said doesn’t _________________________________ ___________.(correspond)  to be studying It is said that his daughter is studying law at university and will graduate next year. correspond with/to the views of the majority Part 4　写作能力培优 培优1　应用文增分练——科技节 　　根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Tom, 　　I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month, which was aimed at enriching students’ school life and ①____________________________ ____________________________ (提高学生的创新意识).   promoting students’ awareness of innovation 　　There were a variety of activities in the festival, which included Makers on Campus,②________________________________________ ______________ (参与者可以展示他们的设计和产品；定语从句), and an exhibition of the students’ original inventions, designs and literary works. ③___________________________________________ _______________ (在全体同学的热情参与和支持下), the activities turned out a great success. I was astonished at the schoolmates’ creativity and teamwork spirits.   where participants could show their designs and products With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students 　　I ④___________________________________________ (真的希望更多的活动将在我的学校举办；用do 强调谓语) to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.   Yours, Li Hua do hope more activities will be held in my school 教材语料整合 培优2　读后续写提能练 亮词 [情感描写]　emotion; ethical; inferior; blessing; nerve; opposed; depressing [动作描写]　justify; infer; calculate; innovate; abuse; locate; classify; estimate; bury; underline; identify; suspect 美句 1.Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918, also called the Spanish Flu, struck near the end of World War Ⅰ.(拟人) 2.SARS was examined by scientists, who were confused by this new disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes.(情感描写) 3.It (The DNA detective) has been one of the key weapons for unsolved cases.(比喻) 　　汤姆·史密斯是一个17岁的男孩，他有幸拥有一个大家庭，除了他之外，所有的家庭成员都有一些乐器天赋。他曾经怀疑自己可能不属于这个家庭，觉得自己可能是被收养的。 教材语料运用　【冲散疑云】 　　Tom Smith is a 17-year-old boy ①_____________________________ where all family members are gifted in some musical instruments except him. ②_____________________ he might not belong to the family, or maybe he was just the adopted one. who is blessed with a big family He once suspected that 一天，他皱着眉头在房间里踱来踱去，这时突然想到了一个主意。他应该秘密进行一次DNA检测以证明自己的身份。于是，那天下午，在院子里慢跑后，他踮着脚来到卧室，试图找到一些他父母的头发。 One day, he ③_______________________ ____________________________ when suddenly an idea struck him. He should secretly make DNA detection to justify his identity. So, that afternoon, ④___________ _____________________________________________ to try to find some hairs from his parents. was pacing up and down the room with a frown on his face after jogging in the yard, he tiptoed to the bedroom 经过仔细搜索，他终于找到了一些并迅速逃出了家，他的心脏剧烈跳动。他一逃离家就立即赶往医院。他把样本交给了医生，并被要求次日取结果。 After a careful search, he managed to find some, and escaped from home quickly with his heart pounding wildly. The moment ⑤___________________ _____________________________________. He submitted the sample to the doctor and was asked to pick the result the next day. he fled out of home, he rushed to the hospital without delay 他感到宽慰和自由，在附近的公园里停了下来，悠闲地闲逛，自言自语:“真相很快就会水落石出。”第二天，他忐忑不安，匆匆赶往医院，拿到了基因鉴定证书。“太好了!我是一个真正的史密斯家族成员。” Feeling relieved and free, he stopped in the nearby park, ⑥_________________ and saying to himself,“The truth will soon come out.” The next day, having butterflies in his stomach, he hurried to the hospital and got the gene identification certificate.“Great!I am indeed a real Smith.”   wandering leisurely $