Unit 2 Great ideas Section 2 Grammar 课件 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦句子类型（陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句）的功能、标点及应用，通过Lead-in环节的四个句子匹配功能选项导入，引导学生从具体实例感知到分类讲解、规则总结，再到发音练习，构建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如“Work out the rules”环节让学生自主归纳句子功能、标点及特征，提升分析能力，角色扮演活动创设真实情境助学生运用句型。学用结合的教学方法，既帮助学生巩固语法知识，也为教师提供系统教学流程，提升教学效率。

Unit 2 Great ideas 沪教牛津版九年级上册 How do great ideas change the world? Key question 主题范畴：人与社会 Grammar 1 (1) Archimedes discovered the truth. (2) How clever he was! (3) Please let me out! (4) Is the crown made of gold? These sentences look different. What functions (功能) do they have? a. 提供信息 b. 询问信息 c. 发出命令 d. 表达强烈情感 Lead-in Statements陈述句 Positive statement King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown. Negative statement It was not a real golden crown. Questions疑问句 Yes/No question Is it made completely of gold? Wh-question What should I do? Alternative question Is the crown made of gold or something else? Tag question It’s a nice crown, isn’t it? Imperatives 祈使句 Please give me some gold of the same weight. Send the crown maker to prison! Exclamations 感叹句 How excited Archimedes was! What a bad man the crown maker is! Pay attention to the punctuation of each type of sentence. What the function (功能) of each type of sentence. 1 Statements 陈述句 A statement provides information about people, things, ideas, etc. 陈述句用来提供关于人、事物、观点等相关信息。 2 Questions 疑问句 We use questions to ask for information. 我们用疑问句来询问信息。 3 Imperatives 祈使句 An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. 祈使句用于发出指令或提出请求。 4 Exclamations 感叹句 An exclamatory sentence expresses strong feelings. 感叹句用来表达强烈的情感。 句子种类 功能 标点 核心特征 Can you work out the rule by yourself? Work out the rules 句子种类 功能 标点 核心特征 Statements（陈述句） 提供信息 句号（.） 包含肯定句和否定句 Questions（疑问句） 询问信息 问号（?） 包含一般疑问问句、特殊问句、选择疑问句 Imperatives（祈使句） 发出命令/请求 句号（.）或 感叹号（!） 通常省略主语 Exclamations（感叹句） 表达强烈情感 感叹号（!） 通常由How/What引导 We can conclude like this: Statement（降调）: We should keep quiet in the library. He will not visit his grandparents this weekend. Yes / No questions（升调）: Do you often help your parents at home? Can she speak English well? Alternative questions（先升后降）: Would you like tea or coffee ? Is he a teacher or a doctor ? Pronunciation Wh- questions（降调）: Where did you go last summer? What do you want to be in the future? Imperatives（降调）: Open the window, please. Don’t make any noise. Exclamation（降调，语气强烈）: How beautiful the flowers are! What an interesting story it is! Pronunciation Let’s do the exercises in the textbook! Exclamation Positive statement Exclamation Yes / No question Negative statement Imperative He felt an electric shock. What an amazing discovery Benjamin Franklin made! How did he prove his theory? Do lightning strikes often cause forest fires? How clever Benjamin Franklin was! Which kind of silk string can conduct an electric charge, a dry one or a wet one? Don’t touch the broken electric wire! Complete the passage with the sentences below and add closing punctuations. A lot of scientific discoveries happen by accident. One of them is penicillin. It kills germs and helps save lives. ⁽¹⁾_________________ A doctor called Alexander Fleming did in 1928. He was trying to find a way to kill the staph germ. After years of hard work, one day he said to himself, “The work is hard. I really need some rest. ⁽²⁾_______________________________” a Take some time off, Alexander b What an amazing scientist he was c The mould must have fallen into the dish before he went on holiday d Was there anything strange going on e Who discovered it Who discovered it? Take some time off, Alexander! P135 When Fleming later returned to his lab after his holiday, he found some unexpected mould in a Petri dish with staph germs. ⁽³⁾__________________________________ Yes, there was no growth of staph where the mould was. This is how penicillin was discovered. It seemed that Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin, but this is not the whole story. There are hundreds of thousands of kinds of mould, but only one kind can kill staph. ⁽⁴⁾______________________________________________________ The cover of the dish was probably removed for only a few seconds, but in those few seconds the right mould fell into the right dish. Another scientist would have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was different. He understood what the mould did. ⁽⁵⁾__________________ Was there anything strange going on? The mould must have fallen into the dish before he went on holiday. What an amazing scientist he was! Here are some great ideas that have changed the world. Choose one and research it on the internet. Then discuss in pairs. You may choose other ideas that interest you. What was the idea? Who first had the idea? How did he / she come up with the idea? How has the idea changed the world? Darwin’s theory of evolution Newton’s theory of gravity the World Wide Web the World Wide Web 万维网 1. What was the idea? It is a system of web pages (网页) that lets people share and get information over the Internet. 2. Who first had the idea? Tim Berners‑Lee first had the idea. 3. How did he come up with the idea? He worked at a science centre. He wanted scientists around the world to easily share their research information with each other, so he created the World Wide Web. 4. How has the idea changed the world? It makes information easy for everyone to reach. People can study, work, shop and talk with others online. It connects the whole world. Newton’s theory of gravity牛顿万有引力理论 1. What was the idea? There is a gravity force that pulls objects toward each other. 2. Who first had the idea? Isaac Newton. 3. How did he come up with the idea? He thought about why things fall down to the ground when he watched a falling apple. He did lots of study and worked out the theory (理论). 4. How has the idea changed the world? It helps people understand how planets move. It lays the foundation (奠定基础) for modern physics (物理) and space research. Role-play Situation 1: Franklin and his assistant Franklin: Look! We are doing a special experiment. Assistant: How wonderful it is! Sir, why do you want to do such an experiment? Franklin: Because lightning often hits buildings and causes terrible fires. Assistant: Do you want to find a way to solve this problem? Franklin: Of course. Assistant: What should we prepare? Franklin: We need a kite, a key, some string and a stormy day. Assistant: ... Situation 2: King Hiero and the crown maker King Hiero: What a liar you are! You cheated me! Crown maker: Please let me explain. King Hiero: What do you have to say for yourself? Crown maker: I needed money because I have a young daughter to support. King Hiero: If you had told me the truth, I would have helped you. Crown maker: I’m very sorry, Your Majesty. I promise I will never cheat again. King Hiero: ... Role-play Situation 3: A teacher and a student Student: Excuse me, Mr Wang. Could you please help me? Teacher: Of course. What can I do for you? Student: ... Role-play More practice Add a full stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) to the end of the following sentences. 1 How can I find out___ 5 Please close the window___ 2 The crown is nice___ 6 What a nice crown___ 3 How wonderful___ 7 This is difficult, isn't it___ 4 The king was not happy___ 8 Leave me alone___ ? . ! . ./! ! ? ./! The Sun rises in the east. ( ) Please close the door quietly. ( ) What a beautiful painting it is! ( ) Do you have any brothers or sisters? ( ) It seldom snows here in winter. ( ) Let’s go to the library after school. ( ) How fast he runs! ( ) Is this seat taken? ( ) Remember to bring your homework tomorrow. ( ) She enjoys playing the piano. ( ) 判断下列句子种类，在A—D中选择正确答案：A. 陈述句；B. 疑问句；C. 祈使句；D. 感叹句。 A C D B A C D B C A 句型转换 The students are planting trees in the garden. (改为一般疑问句) Does Tom go to school by bus? (作肯定回答) Can she swim? (作否定回答) Please open your books. (改为否定句) She is a kind teacher. (改为 What 开头的感叹句) Are the students planting trees in the garden? Yes, he does. No, she can’t. Please don’t open your books. / Don’t open your books, please. What a kind teacher she is! The boy runs fast. (改为 How 开头的感叹句) He has lunch at school every day. (对画线部分提问) They will visit the Great Wall next week. (改为否定句) The students are reading books in the classroom. (对画线部分提问) My mother goes to work by underground. (对画线部分提问) How fast the boy runs! Where does he have lunch every day? They won’t / will not visit the Great Wall next week. What are the students doing in the classroom? How does your mother go to work? ⭐可参考作业布置如下： Samples: Homework 书面作业（可选） 创新探究性作业（可选） 1.整理错题本，将仍存在疑惑的地方以及易错点记入错题本。 以“我的一次奇妙发现”为主题，写一篇80词左右的短文。要求文中至少包含四种句子类型，并在每个句子后用括号标注其类型。 2.完成《阳光学业评价》Grammar部分练习。 单击“同步练习题”字样，即可打开本课时同步练习题的Word文档。 25 THANKS 26 $