Unit 4 Heroes 复习学案 2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

该初中英语Unit 4 Heroes单元导学案以“英雄”为核心主题，围绕语言知识积累、文本深度解读、语法应用及写作表达设计整体学习目标。通过Part 1单词短语句型筑基、Part 2课文精讲（赵一曼与袁隆平事迹）深化理解、Part 3语法讲练（who引导定语从句）巩固结构、Part 4写作训练（A Hero in My Heart）综合输出，构建“基础-理解-应用-表达”的递进式学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性与连贯性。 亮点在于以英雄事迹为载体的主题探究设计，通过分析赵一曼家书“字里行间的母爱与家国情怀”、袁隆平“追梦与科研精神”，培育文化意识与思维品质。语法讲练中结合课文例句设计定语从句应用任务（如“the hero who...”句型）提升语言能力，写作训练提供结构化框架引导学生整合事迹与感悟。资料包含知识点精讲、语法精练及写作指导，既支持学生深度学习，又为教师单元复习提供针对性教学资源。

Unit 4 Heroes Part 1 单词、短语及句型 一、单词及词形转换 1. great-aunt n. 舅婆，姑婆，姨婆，叔祖母，伯祖母 2. person n. 人 3. fighter n. 斗士，奋斗者 → fight v. 战斗；斗争；过去式 / 过去分词 fought；fight n. 战斗；斗争 4. later adv. 之后 5. footstep n. 足迹 6. name...after 以...的名字，给...命名 7. realise v. 明白；认识到 8. could v. 能，可以 9. leave...behind 离开，丢下 10. gentle adj. 温和的，温柔的 → gently adv. 温和地；温柔地；gentleness n. 温和；温柔 11. pity n. 可惜，遗憾 v. 同情；怜悯 → pitiful adj. 可怜的；令人同情的 12. war n. 战争 ；warrior n. 战士；勇士 13. battle n. 战斗，战役 v. 战斗；斗争 14. shock n. 令人震惊的事 15. survivor n. 生还者，幸存者 16. temperature n. 温度，气温 17. post n. 岗位 18. front line 前线 19. lose v. 丧失，失去 20. deeply adv. 非常，很深地 21. presenter n. 主持人，主播 22. recommend v. 劝告，建议 → recommendation n. 推荐；建议 23. co-pilot n.（飞机）副驾驶员 24. engine n. 发动机，引擎 25. state v.陈述，说明 26. dreamer n. 做梦的人；梦想家 → dream v. 做梦；梦想 n. 梦；梦想；过去式 / 过去分词 dreamt / dreamed 27. pick v.采，摘 28. countless adj. 无数的，数不尽的 → count v. 数；计算；countable adj. 可数的 29. thing n.东西，物 30. experiment n. 实验 31. scientific research 科学研究 32. type n. 类型，种类 v. 打字 ；typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 33. poor adj. 差的，不佳的 34. soil n. 土壤，土地，泥土 35. feed v. 养活 36. pass away 过世，离世 37. socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者 → social adj. 社会的；社交的；society n. 社会 二、重点短语 — 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. by the end of 在……结束时 2. a great deal 极大地 3. die for 为……而死 4. with great respect 怀着崇高的敬意 5. long before 早在……之前 6. get to know 开始认识 7. give up 放弃 8. think of 考虑 9. leave behind 抛下 10. over time 随着时间流逝 11. between the lines 字里行间 12. bring up 抚育 13. grow up 长大 14. because of 因为 15. on the front line 在前线 16. be known for 以……闻名 17. be based on 基于 18. keep safe 保持安全 19. suffer from 遭受……折磨 20. from morning to night 从早到晚 21. fall down 跌倒 22. go after 追求 23. succeed in 成功做 24. pass away 去世 25. live on 继续存在 26. national hero 民族英雄 27. scientific research 科学研究 28. lifelong efforts 终生努力 三、重点句型 1. someone who + v. ……的人 2. describe sb as sth 把某人描述为某物 3. It is a pity that + 从句 遗憾的是…… 4. won't be able to do sth 将不能做某事 5. make it + adj. + to do sth 使得做某事很…… 6. be deeply moved by sb 被某人深深感动 7. be sad to do sth 伤心地做某事 8. discover that + 从句 发现…… 9. believe deeply that + 从句 深信…… 10. It is easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。 11. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 Part 2 课文精讲 Unit 4-1 她是什么样的人？ 1. As a little girl, I was often told "Your grandmother Zhao Yiman was a hero".However, to me, she was just a black-and-white picture on the wall. She died long before I was born. So, I never got to know her. According to my great-aunt, she was a kind person who always thought of others first. 2. In my teenage years, Grandma appeared in my textbooks as a great fighter. My teacher said that she was a brave soldier who never gave in. She didn’t say a word even when she was badly hurt by the enemy. 3.Years later, I followed Grandma’s footsteps across China. She fought in many places. I saw Yiman Street, Yiman Park, and Yiman Primary School, all named after her. Even now, people speak of her with great respect. I realised that Zhao Yiman was a hero who would live forever in Chinese people’s hearts. 4. After I became a mother myself, I started to wonder, “ How could a woman who loved her young son leave him behind?” In the letter from Grandma to my father, I found the answer. Between the lines, I saw a gentle mother who chose to give her life for her country. 2 August 1936 Ning'er， It's a pity that I can't complete my duty. As a mother, should bring you up. But for the victory of our country, l have to give up my life today. I can't see you again.I just hope that you can grow up healthy. I'll always be happy to know that. My dearest boy, I won't be able to teach you through my words. I can only teach you through my actions. When you grow up, never forget that I died for our country. Your mother, Zhao Yiman 知识点精讲 1.be told /bi təʊld/ 被告诉；被告知（被动语态结构，强调 “被他人告知”） · 词汇变形：tell（动词原形）→_ __________（过去式 / 过去分词）（不规则变化） · 常考短语：__________________________（被告知做某事） __________________________（被告知不要做某事） 例句：He ___________________ not to be late for the important meeting.（他被告知重要会议不要迟到。） 2.die /daɪ/ 死亡；消逝（动词原形，表生命终止或事物消失） · 词汇变形：die（动词原形）→ _____________（过去式 / 过去分词） · → _____________（现在分词）_____________（形容词，死亡的）v（ 死亡） · 常考短语：____________（死于疾病/衰老）____________（死于意外/外部原因）____________（为…献身） 例句：She _____________ a serious illness when she was only 30.（她 30 岁时就死于重病。） 3.get to know /ɡet tu nəʊ/ 逐渐了解；开始认识 · 词汇变形：get→ ________________（过去式）→ ________________（过去分词）； · know→________________（过去式）→ ________________（过去分词） · 常考短语：______________________（逐渐了解某人）______________________（逐渐开始做某事） 例句：It takes patience to ___________________ a person's true character.（了解一个人的真实品性需要耐心。） 4.never give up /ˈnevə ɡɪv ʌp/ 永不放弃；绝不气馁 · 词汇变形：give→ ________________（过去式）→ ___________________（过去分词） · 常考短语：__________________________（放弃做某事）__________________________（永不放弃希望） 例句：No matter how difficult the task is, we should ___________________ trying. （无论任务多难，我们都不该放弃尝试。） 5.think of /θɪŋk ɒv/ 想到；考虑；认为 · 词汇变形：think→ ________________（过去式 / 过去分词） · 常考短语：___________________（先想到某人） ___________________（考虑做某事） ___________________（高度评价） 例句：She always ___________________ others before thinking about herself.（她总是先考虑别人再考虑自己。） 6.bravely /ˈbreɪvli/ 勇敢地；英勇地 · 词汇变形：_________________（形容词，勇敢的）→ _________________（名词） · 常考短语：_____________________（勇敢作战）_____________________（勇敢面对困难） 例句：She ______________ stood up to protect her classmates from harm.（她勇敢地站出来保护同学免受伤害。） 7.die for /daɪ fɔː(r)/ 为… 献身；为… 而死 · 词汇变形：die→ ______________（过去式 / 过去分词） · → ______________（现在分词）______________（形容词）______________（名词） · 常考短语：__________________________（为国家献身）__________________________（为正义而死） 例句：Many revolutionary martyrs ________________ the peace and freedom of the nation. （许多革命先烈为了国家的和平与自由献出了生命。） 8.fight /faɪt/ 战斗；作战；斗争（动词 / ，表 “与敌人、困难等对抗”） · 词汇变形：fight（动词 / ）→ _____________（过去式/过去分词）→ _____________（现在分词/动名词） · 常考短语：________________（参战）________________（对抗敌人）________________（为权利而斗争） 例句：They _________________ bravely against the invaders to defend their hometown. （他们勇敢地抗击侵略者，保卫家园。） 9.remember /rɪˈmembə(r)/ 记住；铭记；缅怀 · 常考短语：__________________（怀着崇敬缅怀某人） · __________________（记得要做某事），__________________（记得做过某事） 例句：People always __________________ those who have made contributions to the country. （人们总会缅怀那些为国家做出贡献的人。） 10.leave behind /liːv bɪˈhaɪnd/ 留下；抛下；遗忘 · 词汇变形：leave→ ________________（过去式 / 过去分词） · 常考短语：__________________（抛下某人）_______________（留下某物）________________（放下过去） 例句：He accidentally___________________ when he went to the airport.（他去机场时不小心落下了护照。） 11.gentle /ˈdʒentl/ 温柔的；温和的；轻柔的 · 常考短语：___________________（温柔的母亲）______________________（温柔的微笑） 例句：The nurse spoke to the patient in a _________________ voice to calm him down. （护士用温柔的声音和病人说话，让他平静下来。） 12.courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/ 勇气；胆量；胆识 · 词汇变形：courage（n. 不可数） _________________（adj.勇敢的） · 常考短语：_________________________（有勇气做某事） _________________________（展现勇气） _________________________（鼓起勇气） 例句：It takes great ___________________to admit one's own mistakes.（承认自己的错误需要极大的勇气。） 13.it's a pity that... 很遗憾…；可惜…（用于表达对某事的惋惜之情） · 词汇变形：pity（n.）→ __________________（复数） · 常考短语：it's a great pity that...（非常遗憾…）What a pity！（真遗憾，感叹句） 例句：__________________________ we missed the chance to meet the famous writer. （我们错过了见到那位著名作家的机会，真是太遗憾了。） 14.bring up 抚养；养育；提出（指养育孩子，或提出问题、话题等） · 词汇变形：bring→ _________________（过去式 / 过去分词） · 常考短语：_____________________________（抚养孩子）_____________________________（提出问题） · _____________________________（唤起回忆） 例句：She was ______________________ by her grandparents in the countryside.（她在乡下由祖父母抚养长大。） 15.through one's actions 通过某人的行动；以身作则 · 词汇变形：through（介词 / 副词，无变形）； · 常考短语：influence others through one's actions（通过行动影响他人），teach through actions（以身作则） 例句：Parents should educate their children __________________________.（父母应该以身作则教育孩子。） Unit 4-2 The dreamer of plenty 1.Under the hot sun, an old man walked slowly through green rice field.He picked an ear of rice, looked at it carefully and moved on. It was just a normal day at work for him. He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants. His name was Yuan Longping. 2. Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930. When he was young, he felt sad to discover that many Chinese people suffered from hunger. After he left college in 1953, he spent nearly 70 years working hard to solve this problem. 3. Yuan believed deeply that "food is the most important thing in the world". He dreamt of developing rice plants that produce more. However, it was easier said than done. Over 3,000 experiments failed. "Failure is very common in scientific research," he once said. "Every time I fall down, I'll get up and try again." He travelled around China to realise his dream. He said, "I never stopped，like a bird going after the warmth of the sun." Finally, he succeeded in developing new types of rice plants. One produced about 20% more rice than normal plants. Another could grow in poor soil. 4.But Yuan didn't stop there. He had an even greater dream: a rice plant that would feed the whole world. Later, age made it more difficult for him to work. Yuan just moved his house next to the rice fields! 5. Yuan passed away in 2021, but his dreams live on. Today，his rice is grown across China and in about 70 other countries. Yuan is remembered as a national hero who helped build China into a modern socialist country. His example continues to encourage people to follow in his footsteps. 知识点精讲 1.dreamer /ˈdriːmə(r)/ n. 梦想家；追梦人 · 词汇变形：dream（v.） → ________________ n. 梦想家；追梦人 → 过去式________________ · 常考短语：_____________________（富足的梦想家）_____________________（终身追梦人） 例句：He is not just a scientist but a great_____________________who changes the world. （他不仅是一位科学家，更是一位改变世界的伟大梦想家。） 2.pick /pɪk/ v. 采摘；捡起；挑选 · 词汇变形：pick → picked → picking · 常考短语：pick an ear of rice（摘一穗稻子） pick up（捡起；学会），pick out（挑选） 例句：She _______________ some apples from the tree and gave them to me.（她从树上摘了几个苹果递给我。） 3.check /tʃek/ v./n. 检查；核实；查看 · 词汇变形：check → checked → checking · 常考短语：check sth. with one's eye（用眼睛检查某物） _______________（登记入住） _______________（退房；核实） 例句：Before submitting the paper, you should ___________________ it carefully for mistakes. （提交论文前，你应该仔细检查是否有错误。） 4.move on 继续前进；继续进行 · 常考短语：move on to sth.（继续做某事）move on from the past（放下过去） 例句：After finishing this task, we need to _______________ to the next one. （完成这项任务后，我们需要继续进行下一项。） 5.countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的；数不清的 · 词汇变形：count → countless；counted · 常考短语：countless times（无数次） countless difficulties（无数困难） 例句：He has made _________________ efforts to achieve his goal.（为了实现目标，他付出了无数努力。） 6.imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；设想；料想 · 词汇变形：imagine → ____________________（动名词）→ ____________________（名词） · 常考短语：______________________（想象做某事） 例句：I can't _____________ living without electricity in modern society.（我无法想象现代社会没有电该如何生活。） 7.present /prɪˈzent/（v.）/ ˈpreznt/（n.） v./n. 颁发；呈现；礼物；现在 · 词汇变形：present → presented；present → presents · 常考短语：______________________（向某人颁发 / 赠送某物）______________________（目前） 例句：The mayor _______________________ the brave firefighter with a medal of honor. （市长向这位勇敢的消防员颁发了荣誉勋章。） 8.suffer from hunger 遭受饥饿；饱受饥寒 · 词汇变形：suffer → suffered → suffering；hunger → hungry · 常考短语：suffer from illness（患病） suffer from poverty（遭受贫困） 例句：Many people in the war-torn country___________________ and cold.（许多在战乱国家的人们饱受饥寒之苦。） 9.dream of 梦想；渴望 · 词汇变形：dream → dreamed/dreamt · 常考短语：______________________（梦想成为某物）______________________（梦想做某事） 例句：He has _________________ becoming a scientist since he was a child.（他从小就梦想成为一名科学家。） 10.easier said than done 说起来容易做起来难 · 词汇变形：easy → easier → easiest；say → said；do → done · 常考短语：easier said than done（说起来容易做起来难） 例句：Learning a foreign language well is ______________________.（学好一门外语说起来容易做起来难。） 11.fail /feɪl/ v. 失败；未能；不及格 · 词汇变形：fail →___________________ （过去式）→ _______________（名词） · 常考短语：___________（未能做某事）___________（考试不及格） 例句：He ___________ to finish the task on time because of the bad weather.（由于天气恶劣，他没能按时完成任务。） 12.realise one's dream 实现某人的梦想 · 词汇变形：realise → realised dream → dreams · 常考短语：_______________________（实现目标）_______________________（梦想成真，主语为梦想） 例句：After years of hard work, he finally _______________________ of becoming a doctor. （经过多年的努力，他终于实现了成为一名医生的梦想。） 13.go after 追逐；追求；追赶 · 词汇变形：go → went → gone；after · 常考短语：___________________（追逐梦想）_______________________（追赶某人） 例句：She decided to _______________________ her dream of being a singer no matter how hard it is. （无论多么艰难，她都决定追逐成为歌手的梦想。） 14.warmth /wɔːmθ/ n. 温暖；热情；温情 · 词汇变形：warm → warmth；warmer → warmest · 常考短语：the warmth of the sun（阳光的温暖） the warmth of friendship（友谊的温暖） 例句：We felt the _______________ of his smile when he greeted us. （他向我们打招呼时，我们感受到了他微笑中的温暖。） 15.succeed in 成功；在… 方面成功 · 词汇变形：v.succeed → v.succeeded→n.success→adj.successful · 常考短语：______________________（成功做某事）______________________（获得成功） 例句：She ___________________ passing the difficult exam after months of preparation. （经过几个月的准备，她成功通过了这场难度很大的考试。） 16.feed the whole world 养活全世界；供养全球 · 词汇变形：feed → ____________（过去式/过去分词） · 常考短语：feed sb.（养活某人），feed on（以… 为食） 例句：His invention helped___________________ millions of people in the poor areas. （他的发明帮助养活了贫困地区数百万的人。） 17.pass away 去世；逝世（委婉表达） · 常考短语：pass away peacefully（安详离世） 例句：The old professor _________________ peacefully in his sleep.（这位老教授在睡梦中安详离世。） 18.live on 继续存在；永存；靠… 为生 · 常考短语：live on forever（永垂不朽） live on sth.（靠某物为生） 例句：His spirit will _________________ in the hearts of people forever.（他的精神将永远活在人们心中。） 19.be remembered as 被铭记为；被缅怀为 · 词汇变形：remember → remembered（被动语态结构） · 常考短语：be remembered as a hero（被铭记为英雄）be remembered for（因… 而被铭记） 例句：He _______________________________ one of the greatest scientists in history. （他被铭记为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。） 20.encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励；激励；支持 · 词汇变形：encourage → __________________ （形容词）→ __________________（名词） · 常考短语：______________________________（鼓励某人做某事） 例句：Teachers often ___________________ students to ask more questions in class. （老师经常鼓励学生在课堂上多提问。） Part 3 语法讲练 who引导的定语从句 一、概念 用于修饰前面名词/代词的句子，就叫定语从句，简单说：从句用来修饰人或物，放在名词后面。 二、基本结构 先行词（人/物）+ 关系词（who/that/which）+ 从句 本单元我们学习由who引导的定语从句。我们先来看两个例句: He's the boy who won the photo competition last year! 就去年赢得摄影比赛的那个男生! ... thanks to everyone who entered the competition. .....感谢所有参加本次比赛的参赛者。 句中红色部分为定语从句，分别用来进一步说明或限定它们前面的boy和everyone。我们称boy,everyone这些被定语从句修饰的词为先行词，who为定语从句的引导词，放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时在定语从句中充当句子成分。 从以上例句可以看出，如果先行词指人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以用who。两个例句里的who在从句中都充当主语。如果引导词在从句中充当宾语，那么引导词就要用who的宾格形式whom，口语中也可以用who代替。例如: I took some photos for the soldiers whom I met in the army. 我给部队里碰到的战士们拍了一些照片。 三、关系词who用法 1. who：先行词是人，用who ①（who 在从句中作主语，不可省略） The boy who helps me is kind.帮助我的那个男孩很善良。 The young man who invented the new app won the innovation award.发明这款新应用的那个年轻人获得了创新奖。 Those who volunteer at the community center are mostly college students.在社区中心做志愿者的人大多是大学生。 ②（who 在从句中作宾语，可省略，例句中保留以明确指代） The actress who we admired so much will star in a new movie.​我们非常敬佩的那位女演员将主演一部新电影。​ I can’t find the friend who I made at the summer camp.​我找不到在夏令营认识的那个朋友了。 语法精练 一、单选题 1.The girl ______ is standing at the door is my best friend. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 2.I met the boy ______ you talked about yesterday in the park. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 3.Is this the teacher ______ helped you with your English last term? A. whom B. who C. which D. what 4.We should thank the people ______ have given us much help. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose 5.The man ______ my father is talking to is our new neighbor. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 6.Do you know the girl ______ hair is long and black? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 7.The students ______ are in Class 3 won the English competition. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 8.I saw the boy ______ you met at the library yesterday. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 9.The doctor ______ my mother visited last week is very famous. A. who B. whom C. which D. what 10.Is there anyone ______ can help me with this math problem? A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 二、语法填空题（选择填空：who / whom）。 1.The boy ______________ is wearing a red shirt is my cousin. 2.I know the girl ______________ you invited to the party. 3.The teacher ______________ teaches us history is very kind. 4.We met the man ______________ my father works with. 5.The students ______________ are good at English will take part in the contest. 6.Do you remember the girl ______________ we met at the museum? 7.The doctor ______________ saved the patient’s life is from Beijing. 8.I like the friend ______________ always helps others. 三、汉译英。（用 who/whom 引导定语从句翻译） 1.那个帮助过我的老师很友好。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 2.我昨天见到的那个男孩是我的同班同学。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 3.正在唱歌的女孩是我的妹妹。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 4.妈妈正在照顾的那位老人是我的奶奶。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5.那个给我们讲故事的老师来自上海。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ 6.你想认识的那个女孩喜欢画画。（whom） ____________________________________________________________________________ 7.帮助贫困儿童的那些人是志愿者。（who） ____________________________________________________________________________ Part 4 单元写作训练 请以"A Hero in My Heart"为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你心中的英雄。内容包括： 1. 你的英雄是谁 2. 他/她的主要事迹 3. 你为什么钦佩他/她 4. 你从他/她身上学到了什么 A Hero in My Heart ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $