内容正文:
名词的变化与应用
名词概念
01
可数与不可数
02
名词所有格
03
练习
05
CONTENTS
量词
04
PART ONE
名词概念
知识点1:名词的概念与分类
名词概念:
名词(Noun,缩写为n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如Tom,water,time等。按意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。
知识点1:名词的概念与分类
名
词
普通名词:
表示某些人、某类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。
例:teacher,tea, friendship,air.
专有名词:
表示具体的人、事物地点、星期、月份、节日、团体机构、组织或国家的专有名称。(注意:第一个字母要大写)
例:China, Asia, Beijing, the People's Republic of China, January, Monday, Christmas Day
PART TWO
可数名词与不可数名词
知识点2:可数名词与不可数名词
普通名词按是否可数分类可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
①可数名词(countable Nouns.缩写为(n):能以数目来计算,可以分成个体的人或东西,因此它有复数形式。可数名词分为个体名词和集体名词。
②不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns.缩写为un):不能以数目来计算不可以分成个体的概念状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。不可数名词没有单复数的概念,分为物质名词和抽象名词。
知识点2:可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词变化规则
一、规则变化
1.一般情况加s。例:map-maps boy-boys
2. 名词结尾加es. 例:watch-watches brush-brushes
①以s,x, sh, ch结尾加es bus-buses box-boxes
②以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es。baby-babies city-cities
③以f,fe结尾,去f,fe变ves。leaf-leaves knife-knives
3.以o结尾的名词,有些加词尾-s,有些加-es,有些加-s或-es均可。
知识点2:可数名词与不可数名词
potato tomato hero 英雄 torpedo 鱼雷
buffalo 水牛 hippo 河马 mosquito 蚊子
echo 回声 volcano 火山 tornado 龙卷风 mango 芒果
知识点2:可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词变化规则
二、不规则变化
child→children man→men woman→women mouse→mice
oo变ee:foot→feet tooth→teeth goose→geese
单复同形:sheep→sheep fish→fish deer→deer
知识点2:可数名词与不可数名词
常见的不可数名词:
tea茶 ice冰 water水 milk牛奶
rice米饭 fruit水果 bread面包 food食物
chalk粉笔 money钱 meat肉 paper纸张
beef牛肉 paper纸张 homework家庭作业
记忆口诀:
名词分两路,可数、 不可数。
不可数,很孤独,没有单数和复数
可数名词又两路,单数和复数。
复数怎么变,后加s最常见。
记忆口诀:
s,sh ch x 在结尾,es要相随。
辅音字母加了y,变y为i要赶快,es也要跟着来。
结尾若是f, fe , ves来代替。
若是结尾遇见o,先想番茄和土豆 es就好这一口。
记忆口诀:
不规则变化 差别也不大。
孩子也是人,后加ren。
遇见各种人, an变en。(合成词)
mouse变mice 一起吃rice
oo变ee,三词要牢记。我家有个鹅 名叫脚牙鹅
单复同形记三个 保证不出错。我家有头鹿 名叫鱼羊鹿
One More Thing
+s: gulf, roof, belief, proof
ox→oxen German-Germans
集体名词:people,police,cattle, Chinese,Japanese
有些外来语保留原来的复数形式。
bacterium→bacteria(细菌) phenomenon→phenomena(现象)
知识点3:练习
1.bus__buses__2.potato__potatoes___3.Englishman_Englishmen____
4.German_Germans__5.child_children___ 6.mouse__mice___7.sheep__sheep____
8.photo__photos___9.box__boxes__10.leaf__leaves___
11.tooth__teeth___12.tomato_tomatoes___
13.foot__feet__14.fish__fish__
Let’s Learn More
名词的作用
1. 在句中作主语
This book is very useful.
2. 作表语
My brother is a worker.
3. 作宾语或宾补
He finished his task .
We made Tom our monitor.
4. 作定语
He got three gold medals at 23rd Olympic Games.
5. 作状语
The meeting lasted two hours.
6. 作同位语
We students should study hard.
名词的作用
It's important to learn English.
It's of great importance to learn English.
Let’s Enjoy
watch brush
n.&v. n.&v.
A woman went on vacation, leaving her husband behind.Before she left, she told him to take care of her cat.The next day she called her husband and asked if the cat was all right.Her husband said: The cat just died.
一位女士去度假了,把丈夫留家里了。临走之前她特意叮嘱丈夫一定要悉心照顾自己的猫。第二天她打电话给丈夫询问猫的情况。丈夫说:猫死了。
She burst into tears and said: How could you be so blunt? Why couldn't you cushion the blow! Today, you could have said that it was playing on the roof; tomorrow, you could have said that it fell off and had broken its leg; then on the third day, you could have said that the poor thing had passed away in the night. You could have been more sensitive about the whole thing. By the way, how is my mom?
女人瞬时泪如雨下,说:你怎么这么愚钝!你就不能一点点的把这个消息告诉我吗?比如你第一天可以告诉我说猫咪在屋顶玩儿;第二天告诉我猫咪掉下来把腿摔断了;第三天告诉我这个可怜的小家伙晚上离开了这个世界。这件事儿你应该处理得更妥善的。顺便问下,我妈怎么样呢?
Husband: She is playing on the roof.
她在屋顶玩儿呢
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