Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 知识梳理与巩固练习 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 2 Home Sweet Home单元内容，涵盖重点词汇、词形转换、核心短语、句型及语法点（如Can/Could表请求许可、have to与must辨析等），搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到情境表达的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“知识模块分类+语法点深度精讲”的方式构建体系，如将“感官系动词后接形容词”标注为核心语法点并举例“The soup smells good”，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“巩固练习分层训练”（选择、填空、句子转换）及答案解析，如“invite sb. to do sth.”搭配练习，助力不同水平学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于课堂复习或作业设计，提升教学针对性。

人教版英语八年级上册　Unit 2 Home Sweet Home Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 知识梳理与巩固练习 1 重点词汇 pack v. 收拾；打包　　bathroom n. 浴室；卫生间　　sort v. 整理；分类　　bedroom n. 卧室 balcony n. 阳台　　invite v. 邀请　　sweep v. 扫；打扫　　feed v. 喂养 water v. 给……浇水　　rubbish n. 垃圾　　community n. 社区　　treasure n. 珍宝；珍贵之物 journey n. 旅行；旅程　　familiar adj. 熟悉的　　joke n. & v. 笑话；开玩笑　　nod v. 点头 describe v. 描述　　freshly adv. 刚刚；新近　　smell n. & v. 气味；闻起来 joy n. 高兴；喜悦　　decorate v. 装饰　　cover v. 覆盖；遮盖　　scissors n. 剪刀 glue n. & v. 胶水；粘贴　　arrival n. 到达　　luggage n. 行李　　apartment n. 公寓 block n. 街区　　plate n. 盘子　　until prep. 直到　　note n. 便条　　lift n. 搭便车 borrow v. 借入　　biscuit n. 饼干　　perhaps adv. 也许　　several pron. 几个 2 词形转换和派生词 pack v. 打包 packing n. 打包 unpack v. 拆包　　invite v. 邀请 invitation n. 邀请 请柬 arrive v. 到达 arrival n. 到达　　describe v. 描述 description n. 描述 decorate v. 装饰 decoration n. 装饰 装饰品 help v. n. 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的 helpless adj. 无助的 responsible adj. 负责的 responsibility n. 责任　　cooperate v. 合作 cooperation n. 合作 tidy adj. 整洁的 v. 整理 untidy adj. 不整洁的　　joy n. 喜悦 joyful adj. 高兴的 3 重点短语和固定搭配 pack up 收拾；打包　　sort ... into ... 把……分成……　　hang up 挂起；挂断电话 clean up 打扫干净　　sweep the floor 扫地　　feed the fish 喂鱼　　water the plants 给植物浇水 take out the rubbish 把垃圾拿出去　　give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地　　invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 have to do sth. 不得不／必须做某事　　wait for sb. / sth. 等待某人／某物 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事　　give sb. a hand 帮某人一把　　tell jokes 讲笑话 see sb. do / doing sth. 看见某人做过／正在做某事　　leave for sp. 动身去某地 share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物　　cover ... with ... 用……覆盖…… decorate ... with ... 用……装饰……　　be familiar with 对……熟悉　　smell of 闻起来有……的气味 feel at home 感到自在；无拘束　　sort out 整理；解决（问题） help sb. (to) do / with sth. 帮助某人做某事　　can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 be happy / glad to do sth. 乐意做某事　　arrive in / at = reach = get to 到达 mustn't do sth. 禁止做某事（区别于 don't have to）　　ask for permission 请求许可 make room for 为……腾出地方 4 核心句型 Could you please help me pack up these books? 你能帮我收拾这些书吗？ Sure. No problem. 当然，没问题。 Could I invite my friends to our new home? 我可以邀请朋友来新家吗？ Yes, you can. 可以。 You don't have to finish it today. 你不必今天完成。 Please hang up your coat. 请把外套挂起来。 We were busy cleaning the room yesterday. 昨天我们忙着打扫房间。 The soup smells good. 汤闻起来很香。 5 重点知识精讲 5.1 Can和Could表示请求与许可 Can I ...? 常用于询问许可；Can you ...? 用于请求别人做事。 Could 语气更委婉，但这里不表示过去：Could you please close the window? 肯定回应可用 Sure. / Of course. / No problem.；不能答应时应先表示歉意并说明原因： Sorry, I can't. I have to finish the cooking first. Could you please + 动词原形，不能写成 Could you please to do ... 5.2 have to must don't have to和mustn't have to 强调客观需要，随人称、时态变化：She has to leave early. / We had to wait. must 多表示说话人的强烈要求或判断。don't have to 表示“不必”，并非禁止； mustn't 表示“禁止”。比较：You don't have to wash the cups; It is clean now. You mustn't touch the hot pan. 一般疑问句可用 Do I have to ...? 5.3 pack up hang up和clean up 含 up / out / into 的短语应整体理解：pack up 收拾； hang up 挂起或挂断电话；clean up 清理干净；take out 拿出去； sort ... into ... 把……分成……。宾语是代词时，常放在动词和副词之间： hang it up, clean them up, take it out，不能写成 hang up it。 5.4 invite help和give somebody a lift invite sb. to + 地点／活动：invite us to dinner； invite sb. to do sth.：invite us to visit the new house。 help sb. (to) do sth. / help sb. with sth. 中 to 可省略。 give sb. a lift to sp. 表示开车顺路送某人去某地；也可说 drive sb. to sp. 这些结构都要写清“谁帮助／邀请／接送谁”。 5.5 leave leave for和leave something somewhere leave + 地点 表示离开某地；leave for + 地点 表示动身去某地； leave A for B 表示离开 A 前往 B。 leave sth. + 地点 还可表示“把某物遗留在某处”： I left my keys on the table. 注意不能在 leave for Wuhan 前再加 to。 5.6 busy happy和glad后接非谓语动词 be busy doing sth. / be busy with sth. 表示忙于做某事； be happy / glad to do sth. 表示很高兴做某事； It is fun to do sth. 或 have fun doing sth. 表示做某事有趣。 比较：We were busy decorating the room. / We were glad to see everyone again. / We had fun making paper-cuttings. 5.7 感官系动词后接形容词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 可作系动词，后接形容词描述主语： The room looks bright. The soup smells good. The idea sounds useful. 不能用副词修饰主语状态：不能说 smells well 来表示食物“闻起来香”。 smell of + 名词 表示“有……的气味”；smell like + 名词 表示“闻起来像……”。 巩固练习 一 选择括号内恰当的表达 1. Could you help me pack these books? —________ (Sure. / Yes, you can.). 2. Could I use your pen? —Yes, you ________ (can / could). 3. The floor is wet. You ________ (mustn't / don't have to) run here. 4. Tomorrow is a holiday. I ________ (don't have to / mustn't) go to work. 二 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 5. The children are busy ________ (clean) their room. 6. We invited our cousin ________ (come) to dinner. 7. The soup smells ________ (good). 8. Please help me ________ (carry) the box. 三 按要求完成句子 9. Please hang up your coat.（用代词替换 your coat） ____________________________________________________________ 10. “请你帮我打扫房间，好吗？”（用 Could you 开头译成英语） ____________________________________________________________ 11. “我可以邀请朋友来家里吗？”（用 Could I 开头译成英语） ____________________________________________________________ 12. 我把钥匙忘在家里了。（完成：I ________ my keys at home.） 参考答案 1. Sure. 对方请求帮忙，应表示愿意帮忙。 2. can could 委婉请求许可，给予许可用 can。 3. mustn't 表达禁止，避免滑倒。 4. don't have to 表示不必去上班。 5. cleaning be busy doing sth.。 6. to come invite sb. to do sth.。 7. good smell 作系动词，后接形容词。 8. carry / to carry help sb. (to) do 两种形式均可。 9. Please hang it up. 代词放在 hang 与 up 中间。 10. Could you help me clean my room, please? 请求对方做事用 Could you ...?。 11. Could I invite my friends to our home? 请求允许自己做事用 Could I ...?。 12. left leave sth. somewhere，过去式 left。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $