Unit 6 Carrying Forward Craftsmanship 讲义2026-2027学年中职英语高教版（第三版）拓展模块

本中职英语讲义围绕“传承工匠精神”核心主题，以四维目标为引领，构建“话题词汇（如craftsmanship、inherit）-短语搭配（carry forward、pass down）-定语从句语法（关系代词/副词、三步法）-情景交际与读写应用”的学习支架，系统梳理语言知识与技能脉络。 资料亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，通过中华传统工艺（陶瓷、榫卯）案例渗透文化自信，以定语从句“三步法”（看先行词、成分、特殊情况）培养逻辑思维，分层练习（填空、选择、微写作）助力语言能力提升。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化综合应用。

中职英语拓展模块 · Unit 6 Carrying Forward Craftsmanship Unit 6 Carrying Forward Craftsmanship 讲义 00 学习导航 · 重难点总览 一、单元学习目标（四维） 维度 具体目标 语言能力 掌握工匠精神、传统技艺、职业态度类话题词汇；系统理解并运用定语从句描述人物、技艺与事物。 文化意识 了解中华传统工艺（陶瓷、刺绣、榫卯等）与大国工匠，增强文化自信与职业认同。 思维品质 能借助定语从句梳理“先行词—修饰语”的逻辑，准确表达复杂信息。 学习能力 能在介绍工艺、人物、传承的真实语境中综合运用所学。 二、重点与难点一览 ◆ 重点 / 难点分级说明 ★ 重点：工匠精神话题词汇；关系代词 who / whom / whose / which / that 的用法。 ★★ 难点：关系副词 when / where / why；介词 + which/whom；只用 that 的情况；限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句；定语从句与同位语从句的辨析。 01 核心词汇精讲 一、工匠精神与技艺（话题分类速记） 单词 / 短语 音标 / 词性 例句 / 拓展 craftsmanship /ˈkrɑːftsmənʃɪp/ n. 工匠精神；技艺（不可数） craftsman /ˈkrɑːftsmən/ n. 复数 craftsmen；a master craftsman 大师 skill /skɪl/ n. skillful / skillful adj. 熟练的 technique /tekˈniːk/ n. a traditional technique 传统技艺 inherit /ɪnˈherɪt/ v. inherit the skill 传承技艺 pass down 短语 pass down from generation to generation 代代相传 devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/ n. devote oneself to 致力于 precision /prɪˈsɪʒn/ n. with great precision 精确地 patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. patience n. 耐心（不可数） priceless /ˈpraɪsləs/ adj. priceless cultural heritage 无价的文化遗产 restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ v. restore an old painting 修复古画 innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ n. innovate v. 创新 二、重点词汇辨析 辨析组 词义 要点 / 例句 skill / technique skill 指“技能、本领”；technique 指“具体方法、手法” good communication skills；a new technique inherit / pass down inherit 强调“继承（财产、特质）”；pass down 强调“代代相传” inherit a tradition；pass down the craft devoted / dedicated 两者均表“献身于”，devoted 更口语，dedicated 更正式 devoted to his work；a dedicated teacher ⚠ 易错 · 词形与搭配 ① patience 为不可数名词，无复数：a lot of patience（√）。 ② be devoted to / be dedicated to 中 to 是介词，后接名词或 v.-ing。 ③ craftsmanship 为不可数名词，不加复数、不与 a 连用。 02 核心短语与固定搭配 短语 释义 / 用法 carry forward 传承；发扬（精神、传统） pass down (to) 把……传给（后代） devote oneself to 致力于；献身于 be known for / be famous for 因……而出名 be made of / be made from 由……制成（of 看得出原料，from 看不出） take pride in 以……为自豪 pay attention to 注意；重视 hand down 把……传下去（= pass down） with great care / patience 极其仔细 / 耐心地 generation after generation 一代又一代 bring ... to life 使……焕发生机 take over 接管；承袭 ⚠ 易错 · 介词与辨析 be made of（看得出原料） vs be made from（看不出原料）： a table made of wood / paper made from wood. devote oneself to + n./doing；to 不可换成 in 或 for。 carry forward 宾语多置于两词之间：carry the spirit forward。 03 核心语法：定语从句（★★ 难点，本单元核心） 定语从句（Attributive Clause）由整个句子充当定语，修饰前面的名词或代词（即先行词）。引导词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that, as）和关系副词（when, where, why）。判断关键是“先看先行词，再看从句成分”。 一、基本结构 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句（主语 + 谓语 …） 1. The craftsman who made this vase is my grandfather.（先行词 the craftsman，指人，作主语） 1. This is the technique which has been passed down for centuries.（先行词 technique，指物，作主语） 二、关系代词选用一览 关系代词 指代先行词 从句中成分 例句 who 人 主语 / 宾语 The artist who painted it is famous. whom 人 宾语（正式） The master whom we visited is 80. whose 人 / 物 定语（……的） That's the studio whose tools are old. which 物 / 事 主语 / 宾语 The vase which she broke was priceless. that 人 / 物 主语 / 宾语 He is the best craftsman that I know. as 人或物（固定句式） 主语 / 宾语 such books as are useful 三、关系副词选用一览 关系副词 先行词 成分 例句 when 时间名词（time, day） 时间状语（= in/on which） I remember the day when I first saw it. where 地点名词（place） 地点状语（= in which） This is the workshop where he works. why reason 原因状语（= for which） That's the reason why he retired. ★ 重点 · when / where / why 的判定 关系副词在从句中作状语，相当于“介词 + which”。 先行词是地点名词，不一定都用 where：若关系词作主语/宾语，仍用 which/that。 对比：This is the place which/that we visited.（作宾语，用 which） vs This is the place where we work.（作状语，用 where） 四、关系词选用三步法 1. 第 1 步 看先行词：指人 / 指物 / 时间 / 地点 / 原因。 1. 第 2 步 看成分：关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语（用代词）还是状语（用副词 / 介词 + which）。 1. 第 3 步 看特殊情况：是否有序数词、最高级、不定代词等，决定是否只能用 that。 五、只用 that 的五种情况 ★ 必背考点 · that 的特殊用法 ① 先行词为不定代词：all, something, nothing, everyone 等。 I will tell you everything that I know. ② 先行词被最高级修饰： This is the best craft that I have ever seen. ③ 先行词被序数词修饰： the first person that arrived ④ 先行词既有人又有物： We talked about the people and things that we remembered. ⑤ 先行词被 the only / the very / all / no 等修饰： He is the only craftsman that can do it. 六、介词 + which / whom 结构 1. 结构：介词（常与动词或形容词构成固定搭配）+ which（指物）/ whom（指人）。 1. This is the tool with which he carved the pattern.（= which he carved the pattern with） 1. The master to whom I spoke is very strict.（= who/whom I spoke to） ⚠ 易错 · 介词的选择 介词由从句中的动词 / 形容词固定搭配决定，不可随意更换： listen to → to which；look after → after which；be proud of → of whom。 that / what 不能用于“介词 + 关系词”结构：✗ with that → ✓ with which。 七、限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句 对比项 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 作用 限定先行词，不可省 补充说明，可省，用逗号隔开 引导词 who, which, that, whose 均可 只用 who, which, whose；不可用 that 例句 The vase which he made is priceless.（特指那个花瓶） He is a master craftsman, which makes us proud.（补充说明） 八、重点规则与易错点 1. 关系代词作宾语可省略：The skill (which) he taught me is useful. 1. whom / which 前紧跟介词时不可省略：This is the man to whom I spoke. 1. as 引导的从句：such ... as ..., the same ... as ..., as is known to all（as 作主语指整句）。 ⚠ 易错 · 关系词选用（高频失分点） ① 指人作主语用 who/that，不可用 which。 ✗ The man which is here ... ✓ The man who/that is here ... ② 先行词含最高级 / 不定代词 / the only 时，避免用 which/who。 ③ 非限制性定语从句不可用 that。 ④ whose 作定语，后必接名词：whose name / whose skill（≠ who's）。 04 情景交际 · 介绍工艺与人物 一、核心句型 1. This is a craft that has been passed down for over 1,000 years. 1. The craftsman who made this is known for his precision. 1. What is the technique which / that is used here? — It's called paper-cutting. 1. Why do you admire him? — Because he is a man who devotes himself to his work. 1. 表达认同：I can't agree more. / That's exactly what craftsmanship means. 二、微型对话框架 ◆ 对话示例 · Talking about a craft A: Look at this vase. It's a piece of porcelain that was made by hand. B: It's amazing! Who is the craftsman that made it? A: An old man whose family has made porcelain for generations. B: We should carry forward such traditional skills, shouldn't we? 05 阅读与写作 一、长句拆解仿写 原句：Craftsmanship is a spirit that encourages people to pursue perfection in their work. 拆解：主句 Craftsmanship is a spirit + 定语从句 that encourages people to pursue perfection + 范围 in their work。 仿写：A master is a person who is always willing to learn and improve himself. 二、写作：My Favorite Traditional Craft（范文） ◆ 范文 · 含定语从句亮点 China is a country where traditional crafts have a long history. One of the most famous is porcelain, which is known as "china" around the world. I once visited a workshop where an old craftsman worked. He is a man who has devoted his whole life to making vases by hand, which takes great patience and precision. The skill has been passed down from generation to generation and is now being carried forward by young artists. I think craftsmanship is a spirit that we should all learn from, because it teaches us to love what we do and to do it well. 亮点拆解：① where traditional crafts have ...（关系副词 where，先行词 country）；② which is known as ...（非限制性定语从句，补充说明）；③ who has devoted ...（who 指人作主语）；④ by hand, which takes ...（非限制性，关系词作主语指前面整件事）；⑤ that we should all learn from（关系代词作宾语可省略）。 ★ ★ 写作要点（说明 / 议论结构） ① 开篇点题（What / Why important）；② 具体介绍（be known for、be made of、pass down）；③ 精神品质（devoted、patient、take pride in）；④ 评价与传承（carry forward、priceless、learn from）。 技巧：用 2–3 个定语从句替换简单句，使句式丰富、逻辑紧凑。 06 高频易错点汇总 类别 易错点 正确 / 提示 词汇 patience 加复数 / a patience patience 不可数（√） 搭配 devote to 后接动词原形 devote oneself to doing（√） 搭配 be made from（看得出原料） 看得出用 of，看不出用 from 语法 指人作主语用 which who / that（√） 语法 最高级 / 不定代词后用 which 只用 that（必背） 语法 介词后误用 who / that 介词 + which / whom 语法 非限制性定语从句用 that 只用 who / which / whose 从句 先行词为地点但关系词作宾语 仍用 which / that（非 where） 07 分层巩固练习 A. 用适当的关系词填空（who / whom / whose / which / that / where / when） 1. The craftsman ______ skills amazed everyone retired last year. 1. This is the workshop ______ the master works every day. 1. Porcelain is a craft ______ has been passed down for centuries. 1. He is the most patient person ______ I have ever met. 1. I will never forget the day ______ I first saw the exhibition. B. 单项选择 1. This is one of the greatest works of art ______ I have ever seen. A. which B. that C. who D. as 1. The craftsman to ______ we talked was very friendly. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 1. He made a speech, ______ moved everyone present. A. that B. which C. who D. it 1. This is the place ______ we visited last summer. A. where B. which C. when D. why C. 微写作（用定语从句合并句子） 1. The craftsman is my uncle. His works are exhibited abroad. → 1. I visited a museum. Many ancient tools are kept there. → 1. She is a designer. She created this pattern. → 08 参考答案 A 填空 1. whose　　2. where　　3. which / that　　4. that　　5. when B 单项选择 1. B 先行词被最高级 greatest 修饰，关系代词只能用 that。 2. C 介词 to 之后指人作宾语，用 whom（= who / that 的宾格）。 3. B 非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个主句，关系词作主语，只能用 which。 4. B 先行词 the place 在从句中作 visited 的宾语，用 which / that（where 只作状语）。 C 微写作 1. The craftsman whose works are exhibited abroad is my uncle. 2. I visited a museum where / in which many ancient tools are kept. 3. She is a designer who / that created this pattern. — 第 页 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $