Unit2 课时3SestionA Grammar Focus课件2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦情态动词can/could表请求和许可的用法，通过Jim家庭对话中礼貌与非礼貌表达对比导入，引导学生识别语义并梳理3a问答功能，构建从识别到理解的学习支架。 其亮点是以生活情境为载体，用表格分析问句功能、易记口诀总结用法培养思维品质，迁移创新环节创设校园求助等真实情境提升语言能力，渗透礼貌礼仪的文化意识。资料结构清晰练习分层，助力学生掌握语法，方便教师教学实施。

Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 第三课时 Section A Grammar Focus Learning objectives 通过本课时的学习，学生能够： 1.能够在不同生活场景中，精准识别can/could表请求和许可的语义，清晰梳理3a中问答的语言功能，理解不同情境下can/could的表意逻辑；(学习理解) 2.能够结合不同情境，熟练使用can/could完成对话补全与创编，遵循语法规则且契合生活交流逻辑，实现有效互动； (应用实践) 3.能够迁移can/could表请求、许可的用法，自主创设新生活情境（如校园求助、家庭活动协商等），用英语开展真实交流，体现语言服务生活的育人价值。(迁移创新) 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 01 情景导入 Scenario Introduction Jim's family is having a conversation. Please choose a more polite way for them to express themselves. Help out with a few things! Could you please help out with a few things? less polite more polite Jim's family is having a conversation. Please choose a more polite way for them to express themselves. I must finish watching this show. Could/Can I at least finish watching this show? less polite more polite Jim's family is having a conversation. Please choose a more polite way for them to express themselves. Take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes! Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes? less polite more polite 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 02 学习理解 Learning to understand Which sentences ask for help, and which ask for permission? R for requests P for permission Can you help me open the door? Could you show me your notes from the English class? Could I use your phone to call my parents? 询问“you”时, 用于提出要求或 请求(requests)。 提到“I”时, 用于请求许可(permission)。 Can/Could you please... ? 请你....好吗？/你能(可以)...吗？ Can/Could I... ? 我能....吗？ 问句 回答 功能判断 Could you please sweep the floor? OK, Mum. I‘ll do it at once. ？ Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. ？ Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! ？ Can you help me hang up the photos? Sure. / No problem! ？ Look at these sentences. What do they have in common? 都以Can或Could开头 后面都跟动词原形 都是疑问句 Read the sentences. Match the two parts. Can I hang out with my friends after lunch? Can I grow some flowers there? Can I invite my friends to our new house? Could I go out? Could we keep some fish here? Can you sort your things into those boxes? Can you take care of them every day? Could you please help me hang up the photos? Could you please sweep the floor? Make polite requests 提出请求 Ask for permission 请求许可 3a Read the questions with can or could . Notice how they are answered. Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, Dad. I’ll do it at once. Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. Can I put some flowers on the table? Yes, good idea! Can you help me hang up the photos? Sure. / No problem! R Write R for requests or P for permission next to each question. P P R 易记口诀 What is Request and Permission? 《请求许可一句诀》 “求你做是请求，求己做是许可” What’s the differences between Can and Could? Can/Could for polite request and permission. Can you/I...? 语气：直接、日常，适合熟人或同辈之间。 Could you/I...? 语气：更礼貌、委婉，适合对长辈、老师或不太熟悉的人。 Sure./Of course./Not possible./I am afraid not. Grammar 情态动词 can 和 could 的用法 情态动词can和could可用于向对方提出请求，也可用于请求对方允许自己做某事。它本身不能作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。 情态动词 can & could 1. 用于提出要求或请求 Can/Could you please...?（重点） 2. 用于请求许可 Can/Could I...?（重点） 3. 用于表示能力 can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力 肯定回答 Yes, sure./Of course. 好的，当然可以。 No problem. 没问题。 With pleasure. 乐意帮忙。 Sure/Of course/Certainly. 当然可以。 否定回答 Sorry, I can’t. I have to... 对不起，我不能。我得…… Sorry, I’m going to... 对不起，我将…… I’m afraid I can’t. I have to... 恐怕不行。我得…… I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。 Can you lend me your pen? Could you please tell me the way to the subway station? 提出 要求 “Can/Could you please...?”“请你……好吗？”“你能/可以……吗？” 肯定回答 Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。 Of course you can. 当然可以。 Yes, please. 是的，去吧/用吧/…… 否定回答 Sorry, you can’t. 对不起，你不可以。 Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t. 对不起，恐怕不行。 Can I watch TV after finishing my homework? Can I try on this T-shirt? Can I turn on the fan? Could I hang out with friends tonight? Can/Could I...?”“我能……吗？” 请求 允许 Could I hang out with my friends tonight? No, you couldn’t. Sorry, you can’t. ✖ ✔ 易错题！！！ 在回答用could 提出的请求时，通常不用 could而用 can。 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 03 应用实践 Application Practice 3b Choose the best question to complete each conversation. A. Could you give me a ride to town now? B. Can I stay out until eleven? C. Mr Lake, can I use your toilet? D. Could I use your computer? 1. A: _____________________________________ B: Of course you can. Let me show you the way. 2. A: _____________________________________ B: Yes, if you are careful with it. give sb. a ride 送某人一程;让某人搭便车 stay out 呆在外面 use your toilet 用你的厕所 C be careful with 注意;当心 /ən'tɪl/ prep. 到...时;直到...为止 D be careful with 注意;当心 同义短语：be careful of/about 当心;留意 show sb. the way 给某人带路;给某人指路 A. Could you give me a ride to town now? B. Can I stay out until eleven? C. Mr Lake, can I use your toilet? D. Could I use your computer? 3. A: _____________________________________ B: No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow, remember? You need a good rest. B have a basketball game 有一场篮球赛 need a good rest 需要好好休息 （have a rest 休息一下） 3b Choose the best question to complete each conversation. A. Could you give me a ride to town now? B. Can I stay out until eleven? C. Mr Lake, can I use your toilet? D. Could I use your computer? 4. A: Can I go to the movies? B: Of course. A: ___________________________________ B: I can’t. I have to do some work now. /'muːvi/ n. 电影 go to the movies 去看电影 A have to 不得不 do some work 干活 of course 当然， 相当于sure或certainly， 通常在对话中用作肯定回答。 3b Choose the best question to complete each conversation. 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 04 迁移创新 Migration Innovation Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. 3c You’re at your friend’s home. You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. _________________________ _________________ Sure. / Of course. Can / Could I use your phone? Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. 3c 2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went to an English class and took notes. You want to know more about the class. _________________________ _________________ Sure. / Of course. Can / Could I borrow your notebook? Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. 3c 3. You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open the door. Your neighbour comes. _________________________ _________________ Sure. / Of course. Can / Could you help me open the door? Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could. 3c 4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community. Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags. ________________________________________________ _________________ Sure. / Of course. Can / Could you bring gloves and rubbish bags? 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 05 回顾总结 Summary What are the benefits(益处) of using “make polite requests” and “ask for permission” in our daily life? Show good manners（礼仪） Build good relationships （关系） Get positive responses （回应） Further thinking Politeness costs nothing and gains everything! 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 06 考点大全 Language points Language points Point 1 1Can I stay out until eleven? 我可以在外面待到11点吗？ ①I waited until eleven. 我一直等到11点。 ② The noise didn’t stop until midnight. 噪声一直到午夜才停止。 ③ He lived with his parents until he got married. 他与父母住在一起直到结婚。 ④I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework last night. 昨晚直到写完作 业我才睡觉。 分析例句总结until的用法 wait延续性动词 prep. 到……时；直到……为止 live延续性动词 stop短暂性动词 go短暂性动词 not… until 直到……才 not… until 直到……才 conj. 到……时；直到……为止 小 结 ① until 用于肯定句，谓语动词为延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到 until所表示的时间为止。 ②until 用于否定句时，构成not…until结构，意为“直到……才”，此 时谓语动词为短暂性动词。 1.We stayed there until sunset. 2. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. 3.翻译句子 我们一直在那待到日落。 萨姆直到下周三才离开。 【即学即练】 1.(2023·宁波)Don't trouble trouble _______ (直到) trouble troubles you. 2.It stopped raining yesterday. Then I went home. (用until改写句子) I ________ go home ________ it stopped raining yesterday. until didn’t until Point 2 You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead. 你想 给你父母打电话，但是你的手机不运行了。 归纳总结：与dead相关的词 die v. 死 作谓语 dead adj. 不运行的；死的 作定语、表语 death n. 死亡 作主语、宾语 dying adj. 垂死的 只作定语 the +adj. 表示一类人， 这种结构使得形容词具有名词化的功能。常见示例： the dead 死者 the living 活着的人 the young 年轻人 the old 老年人 the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the blind 盲人 the brave 勇敢的人 dead adj. 不运行的；死的 3. 与 dead 相关的其他单词： die 【不及物动词】死亡 过去式：died, 现在分词：dying。 是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用。die of/from“死于” death 【名词】死亡 dying 【形容词】垂死的；临死的 只能作前置定语。  练习：His dog ________ last week and his ________ made him very sad. A. died; die B. death; died C. died; death D. dead; death C e.g. My phone went dead, so I need to charge it. 我的手机没电了,所以我需要给它充电。 e.g. There were dead leaves on the ground after the strong wind. 大风过后枯叶落了一地。 I'm afraid he is dead. 恐怕他已经去世了。 注意：表示“死了多长时间”要用“have/has been dead for+时间段” 或“died+时间段+ago”。 e.g. The poor man has been dead for ten years. 那个可怜的人已经去世十年了。 He died a week ago. 他一个星期前就去世了。 【即学即练】 1.He fell asleep at last when the wind was ________(die)down. 2.The poor little dog was badly ill and ________ (die) days later. 3.When I walked in the fields, I saw a ________ (die) bird there. 4.The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed the top 10 causes of ________ (die) across the globe. dying died dead death 1. 这棵树死了很久了。（中翻英） This tree has been dead for a long time. 2. The room was in dead silence.（英翻中） 房间里一片死寂。 Point 3 Yes, if you are careful with it.如果你小心使用的话，可以。 be careful with 注意；当心 e.g. Be careful with the knife while cooking, and don't cut your fingers. 做饭时小心用刀，不要切伤手指。(2024自贡中考) 拓展：(1) be careful (not) to do sth. “小心(不要)做某事”。 e.g. Be careful not to wake the baby. 注意别吵醒婴儿。 (2) be careful 可单独使用，表示“小心，当心”， 相当于look out 或watch out。 e.g. Be careful — the floor is slippery. 小心——地板很滑。 练习：当你切碎西红柿时，当心你的手指。 When you cut up the tomatoes, please ________________ your fingers. be careful with 【careful的词汇拓展】 v. & n. 关心；在意；照顾；喜欢 _______________ adv. 仔细地；小心地；谨慎地 _______________ adv. 粗心地；漫不经心地；草率地_______________ n. 仔细；谨慎；慎重 _______________ n. 粗心；疏忽；草率 _______________ care carefully carelessly carefulness carelessness e.g. Be careful with that glass. It’s very fragile. 小心那个玻璃杯，它很易碎。 e.g. You should be careful with your words when talking to her. 和她说话时你要注意言辞。 e.g. The doctor told him to be careful with his diet after surgery. 医生叮嘱他术后要注意饮食。 【即学即练】 1.The girl works hard and she does everything ________ (careful). 2.Please don’t be so ________ (care) next time. You should learn to care for yourself. 3.The driver regretted his _____________ (care) in driving and went to the hospital to say sorry to his passengers. 4.小心你手里的玻璃杯,因为刚才你差点让它掉下来。 ________ ________ ________the glass in your hand as you were so close to dropping it just now. carefully careless carelessness Be careful with 38 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： 07 课堂小测 Exercise 1 —Could you please take out the rubbish? —______ A. Thank you! B. You’re welcome! C. No problem. D. That sounds good! — ________ we bring our phones to class? —No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. A. Must B. May C. Can D. Will 2 —Dad, ______ you give me a ride to town now? If I take the bus, I’ll be late. —I’m I afraid I ______, Peter. The car is broken. A. could; can’t B. could; couldn’t C. should; shouldn’t D. should; needn’t 3 一.单项选择 1. Poor Jack! His phone went ______ (die) in the middle of an important meeting! 2. I like to take ________ (note) when I am reading a book. 3. There are many ____________ (community) in our city. 4. Can she _____ (run) as fast as Helen? 5. The cups are expensive, please be ________ (care) with them. 6. My pet dog’s ________ (dead) made me sad. 7. I would like ________ (invite) my friends to my party. 8.一Can you go to the _______ (movie) with me tomorrow? —Sorry, I can’t. I have to study for a test. 语法填空。 dead notes communities run careful death to invite movies Homework 基础作业：背诵 3a 对话，用 5 个生词（如 until, dead, note 等）各造 1 个句子。 进阶作业：编写在学校和同学或老师发出请求或征求允许的对话（2组）。 拓展作业：策划新家乔迁派对的准备工作。 学习目标 通过听读对话，获取Li Rui家乡在交通、医疗、购物、环境等方面的具体变化信息，完成表格填写；识别并区分对话中一般过去时（描述过去）和现在完成时（描述变化结果）的形式和意义；运用“used to... But now...”的对比结构，概括家乡变化的主要内容。 01 运用一般过去时和现在完成时，描述Li Rui家乡的变化（如“It used to take half a day, but now it takes only an hour”）；分析听力对话中人物的情感态度（如Bob的惊叹、Li Rui的自豪），判断变化对人们生活的积极影响；在角色扮演中模仿对话的语调和表达方式，运用目标语言进行交流。 02 评价家乡变化带来的利弊，表达自己的观点和感受（如“What do you think is the most important change?”）；运用所学语言，在真实或模拟的情境中讨论自己家乡近十年的变化，并表达情感态度。 03 通过本节课学习，学生能够： Thanks for watching! 2025 Blues 1008.0 2025 Blues 1440.0 2025 Blues 864.0 $