2026年译林版中考英语常用短语速记手册

2026-09-05
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摘要:

该初中英语中考复习知识清单全面整理了中考常用短语,涵盖按动词分类(如agree、arrive、break等)、be+形容词/过去分词+介词结构、固定搭配及高频表达四大知识范畴,搭建了从基础短语到易混用法的系统复习架构。 清单通过“动词分类+易错提示”构建知识体系,如“agree to do sth”标注“to是不定式”,“look forward to doing sth”强调“to为介词”,培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别用“⚠️”符号突出重难点,如“make up one's mind”提示复数主语用minds,助力学生精准掌握,既方便自主复习,也为教师教学提供清晰的短语指导工具。

内容正文:

中考英语常用短语速记手册 一、按动词分类 ### agree 短语 1. agree on 就……达成一致(双方协商) 2. agree to sth 同意(计划、提议) 3. agree to do sth 同意做某事 ⚠️to是不定式,后接动词原形,不用doing 4. agree with 赞同(观点) 5. agree with sb 赞同某人 ### arrive 短语 1. arrive at 到达(小地点) 2. arrive in 到达(大地点) ### break 短语 1. break apart 破碎 2. break away from 摆脱,脱离 3. break down 出故障;(身体)垮掉;分解 4. break in 打断插话;闯入 5. break into 闯入 6. break off 突然终止;中断 7. break out (战争火灾)爆发 8. break the rules 违反规定(常用复数rules) 9. break through 突围,冲垮 10. break up 分裂;拆散;碎开 ### bring 短语 1. bring about 引起,导致,使发生 2. bring along 把……带来,领来 3. bring back 恢复;使想起;归还 4. bring down 使降低,减少 5. bring down the price 降价 6. bring forward 提前,提出 7. bring in 引进;赚钱;吸收 8. bring on 引起,导致,使前进 9. bring out 拿出;出版;揭露 10. bring sb back 送回某人 11. bring sth/sb back to life 使……苏醒/复活 12. bring up 教育;培养;抚养 13. bring sth into effect 实施…… 14. sth come into effect 开始生效 ### call 短语 1. call / shout for help 呼救 2. call at +地点 拜访某地 3. call on +人 拜访某人;号召 4. call back 回电话 5. call for 需要;号召;去接某人 6. call in 请来;召集 7. call off 取消 8. call out 大声呼喊 9. call sb names 谩骂某人 ⚠️必须用复数names 10. call the police 报警 11. call up 打电话;使人想起 ### come 短语 1. come about 发生,产生 2. come across 偶然遇见,发现 3. come along 随同;进展;加油 4. come back 回来;想起来 5. come down 下来;下落;流传 6. come from 来自,产自 7. come into being 形成,产生 8. come into use 开始使用 9. come off 脱落 10. come on 过来;加油;赶快 11. come out 出版;出现;露出 12. come over 顺便来访;过来 13. come to 达到;共计;结果是 14. come to an end 结束,终止 15. come to know 逐渐地知道 16. come to life 苏醒;变得活泼 17. sth comes to one's mind 某人忽然想起 ⚠️主语是事物,不能用人作主语 18. come to oneself 苏醒过来 19. come true 变为现实 20. come up 被提出;上升;长出来 21. come up with 想出(主意、答案) ### cut 短语 1. cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/两半 2. cut down 砍倒;削减 3. cut in 插嘴;加塞 4. cut off 切断(线路、供应) 5. cut out 删除;删去 6. cut up 切碎;剁碎 ### do 短语 1. do a good deed 做一件好事 2. do an experiment 做实验 3. do harm to 对……有害 4. do housework 做家务 5. do one's best 尽某人最大努力 6. do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 7. do some reading 阅读 8. do some shopping 购物 9. do sports 做运动,进行锻炼 10. do well in 在……方面做得好 11. do with 处理 ⚠️和what连用;对比deal with和how连用 12. do wrong 做错事 ### fall 短语 1. fall asleep 入睡 2. fall behind 落后 3. fall down 跌倒;倒塌 4. fall ill 患病,病倒 5. fall in love with 爱上…… 6. fall into 掉进……里 7. fall off 从……掉下 8. fall over 摔倒 ### get 短语 1. get / be dressed 穿衣服 2. get / be lost 迷路 3. get / be married (to sb) (与某人)结婚 4. get / be used to sth / doing sth 习惯于…… ⚠️to是介词,后接名词/doing 5. get along / on (well) with 与……相处;进展 6. get away from 逃离;摆脱 7. get back 回来;取回 8. get down to doing sth 开始认真做某事 ⚠️to介词,接doing 9. get in 进入;收获 10. get in the way of 妨碍…… 11. get into trouble 陷入困境 12. get off 下车;脱下 13. get on 上车;进展 14. get over 克服;恢复 15. get ready for 为……做准备 16. get rid of 除掉,去掉 17. get sb to do sth 让某人做某事 18. get through 接通电话;通过考试 19. get to 到达 20. get together 相聚 21. get up 起床 ### give 短语 1. give sb a lift 捎某人一程 2. give sb a hand 帮助某人 3. give a speech / talk 演讲,做报告 4. give away 赠送;泄露 5. give back 归还 6. give birth to 生(孩子);造成 7. give in 投降,让步 8. give off 发出(光、热、烟) 9. give out 分发;用完耗尽 10. give up doing sth 放弃做某事 ⚠️up是介词,接doing 11. give way to 给……让路 ### go 短语 1. go about 着手做 2. go abroad 出国 3. go against 违反,违背 4. go ahead 干吧;说吧;前进 5. go away 走开 6. go bad 变坏 7. go by (时间)消逝;经过 8. go boating / camping / fishing / shopping 去划船/野营/钓鱼/购物 9. go for a walk 去散步 10. go on 进行;发生 11. go on doing sth 继续做同一件事 12. go on to do sth 接着做另一件事 13. go on with sth 继续某事 14. go out 熄灭;外出 15. go over 复习;仔细检查 16. go through 浏览;翻阅;通过 17. go to bed 上床睡觉 18. go to school 去上学 19. go to sleep 入睡 20. go up 上升,上涨 21. go with 与……相配 22. go wrong 出毛病 ### have 短语 1. have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧 2. have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 3. have a gift for … 对……有天赋 4. have an effect on 对……有影响 5. have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早/午/晚饭 6. have lessons / classes 上课 7. have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只好做某事 ⚠️but后要带to 8. have some difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 9. have something / nothing in common with 和……有/无共同点 10. have something / nothing to do with 与……有关/无关 11. have to 不得不 ### hold 短语 1. hold a meeting 开会 2. hold back 阻挡;控制住(情绪) 3. hold on 等一等;别挂电话 4. hold on to 抓住 5. hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 6. hold out 伸出;坚持 7. hold up 举起;阻挡,使停顿 ### keep 短语 1. keep (on) doing sth 持续不断做某事 2. keep sb away from 使某人远离 3. keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ⚠️from**不能省略** 4. keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 5. stop / prevent sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 ⚠️from可以省略 6. keep … in mind 记住…… 7. keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 8. keep off 远离 9. keep one's word 遵守诺言 10. keep out 不让……进入 11. keep up 保持;继续 12. keep up with 跟上 ### knock 短语 1. knock at / on 敲(门、窗) 2. knock down 撞倒 3. knock into 撞上 4. knock over 撞翻 ### look 短语 1. look after 照顾,照料 2. look around 四处看 3. look at 注视,看 4. look back on 回顾 5. look down on / upon 看不起,鄙视 6. look for 寻找 7. look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 ⚠️to介词,接doing 8. look into 调查;往……里面看 9. look like 看起来像 10. look out 当心,留神 11. look over 检查 12. look through 浏览;温习 13. look up 查阅(字典);向上看 14. look up to sb 尊敬某人 ### make 短语 1. make a decision 做决定 2. make a difference 有影响,起作用 3. make a face 做鬼脸 4. make a fire 生火 5. make a living 谋生 6. make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误 7. make a plan 制定计划 8. make a promise 承诺 9. make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 10. make fun of 取笑 11. make it 成功;及时赶到 12. make money 赚钱 13. make progress 取得进步 14. make room for 为……腾地方 15. make sense 有道理,讲得通 16. make sure 确保 17. make the bed 铺床 18. make up 编造;弥补;组成;化妆 19. make up for 弥补 20. make up one's mind 下决心 ⚠️复数主语用make up one's minds ### pass 短语 1. pass away 去世 2. pass by 经过 3. pass down 世代流传 4. pass on 传递 5. pass through 穿过 ### pay 短语 1. pay a visit to 参观,拜访 2. pay attention to doing sth 注意…… ⚠️to是介词,接doing 3. pay back 偿还,报答 4. pay for 付款;为……付出代价 5. pay off 还清债务 ### pick 短语 1. pick out 挑选,认出 2. pick up 拾起;(开车)接人;学会语言;康复 ### play 短语 1. play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑 2. play a role/part in 在……中起作用 3. play chess 下象棋 4. play computer games 玩电脑游戏 5. play football/basketball 踢足球/打篮球 6. play the erhu / the guitar 拉二胡/弹吉他 ⚠️乐器加the,球类不加the 7. play with 玩耍;玩弄 ### put 短语 1. put aside 搁置,保留 2. put away 收拾;存钱 3. put down 记下;镇压 4. put forward 提出 5. put off doing sth 推迟做某事 ⚠️off介词接doing 6. put on 穿上;上演;增重 7. put out 扑灭;出版 8. put up 张贴;搭建;举起 9. put up with 忍受 ### run 短语 1. run across 偶遇 2. run after 追逐 3. run away from 逃避 4. run into 偶然遇见;撞上 5. run out 用完 ⚠️物作主语:sth run out 6. run out of 用完 ⚠️人作主语:sb run out of sth ### set 短语 1. set about doing sth 着手做某事 2. set an example to 为……树立榜样 3. set off 出发;引爆 4. set out 出发;启程 5. set sb free 释放某人 6. set up 建立;创办 ### stay 短语 1. stay at home 待在家里 2. stay away from 远离 3. stay up 熬夜 ### take 短语 1. take an active part in 积极参加 2. take care of 照顾,照料 3. take down 记下 4. take in 吸收;欺骗 5. take off 起飞;脱掉 6. take on 呈现 7. take part in 参加 8. take place 发生(无被动) 9. take pride in = be proud of 对……感到自豪 10. take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 11. take up 占据;从事 ⚠️核心句型:It takes sb some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事(it作形式主语) ### think 短语 1. think about 考虑 2. think highly of 高度评价 3. think of 想到;认为 4. think over 仔细考虑 5. think twice 再三考虑 6. think up 想出 ### turn 短语 1. turn down 调小;拒绝 2. turn into 变成 3. turn off 关闭 4. turn on 打开 5. turn out to be 结果是,证明是 6. turn to 求助于;查阅 7. turn up 调大音量;出现 ## 二、be + adj./过去分词 + 介词 1. be afraid of 害怕…… 2. be angry with sb 生某人的气 3. be bad for 对……有害 4. be busy with sth 忙于某事 5. be different from 与……不同 6. be excited about 对……感到兴奋 7. be famous for 因……闻名 8. be fond of 喜欢 9. be good at 擅长…… 10. be good for 对……有益 11. be interested in 对……感兴趣 12. be late for 迟到 13. be made from 由……制成(化学变化) 14. be made of 由……制成(物理变化) 15. be made up of 由……组成 16. be proud of 为……自豪 17. be ready for 为……做准备 18. be similar to 与……相似 19. be strict with sb 对某人严格 20. be strict in sth 对某事严格 21. be surprised at 对……惊讶 22. be tired of 厌倦…… 23. be used for 被用来做 24. be used to do sth 被用来做某事 25. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 ⚠️to介词 26. be worried about 担心 ## 三、固定搭配与常用表达 1. a number of 许多;the number of ……的数量 2. a pair of 一双,一副 3. a piece of 一片,一块 4. all kinds of 各种各样的 5. at the end of 在……末尾;in the end 最后 6. because of 因为(后接名词) 7. hundreds of 数百;thousands of 成千上万 8. in front of 在物体外部前面;in the front of 在物体内部前部 9. instead of 代替,而不是 10. plenty of 大量 ## 四、其他高频短语 1. according to 根据 2. ask for 请求,索要 3. belong to 属于(无被动) 4. care about 关心 5. care for 照顾;喜欢 6. catch up with 赶上 7. deal with 处理 ⚠️与how连用 8. die of 死于(内因疾病);die from死于(外因) 9. find out 查明,弄清楚 10. hear from 收到……来信 11. hear of / hear about 听说 12. in danger 处于危险中 13. in fact 事实上 14. in order to 为了 15. in time 及时;on time准时 16. It's time to do sth / It's time for sth 该做……了 17. join in 参加(活动) 18. laugh at 嘲笑 19. lead to 导致 20. learn from 向……学习 21. on one's way to 在去……的路上 22. point out 指出 23. prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 24. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 25. remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事 26. result in 导致;result from 由于 27. thanks to 多亏;由于 28. to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 29. too…to… 太……而不能…… 30. used to do sth 过去常常做某事 31. work out 算出;解决 32. write down 写下,记下 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026年译林版中考英语常用短语速记手册
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2026年译林版中考英语常用短语速记手册
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2026年译林版中考英语常用短语速记手册
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