Unit 4 History and Traditions 一轮复习 导学案 -2027届高三英语人教版必修第二册

该高中英语导学案系统覆盖必修第二册Unit 4“历史与传统”主题的高考核心考点，通过中英双线语篇对比、词根词族网络、高频短语回嵌课文、核心句型公式化及语法功能图等模块，构建“语篇-词汇-句型-语法-写作”的层级知识体系，以填空任务、时间轴回探等问题导向设计，引导学生自主梳理考点内在联系，形成结构化认知框架。 亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养的自主学习设计，如中英名称演变对比语篇填空培养跨文化认知，核心句型“一句多说”训练语言表达灵活性，语法部分通过平遥古城语篇填空实现自主诊断。写作模块提供地方介绍模板与微型练习，助力学生迁移运用，教师可通过学生仿写、填空作业精准把握学情，支持个性化复习指导，提升学生自主复习效率与备考实效。

高中英语必修第二册 Unit 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 一轮复习 一、主题语篇·中英双线对比串记 阅读下面两段平行语篇，根据汉语提示在空白处填入适当的词或短语，每空一词或一个短语。 【左线·英国名称的演变】 The UK, which is also referred to as Britain or Great Britain, is a fascinating country with a long history. It is made up of four countries. Its name ____1____ (反映) the long and complex history of the British Isles. In the 1st century, the Romans ____2____ (征服) most of Britain. Later, the Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans ____3____ (入侵) the island one after another. Each invasion ____4____ (导致) changes to the language and legal system. Today, the UK ____5____ (属于) the European cultural tradition while keeping its own unique identity. 【右线·"中国"之名的演变】 China, one of the four ancient civilizations, has a history ____6____ (追溯到) over 5,000 years. The name "Zhongguo" first ____7____ (出现) in the Western Zhou Dynasty, meaning "the central state". Over centuries, different ethnic groups ____8____ (融合) into one nation, creating a rich and diverse culture. The Great Wall, ____9____ (建造) to defend against northern invasions, now stands as a symbol of Chinese civilization. Today, China ____10____ (以……闻名) its long history and growing influence in the world. 二、核心词汇词族网络 以词根为节点，向下展开派生词、搭配和教材原句，看清词汇的派生关系。 1. surround v.包围；围绕 ├ surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 ├ surroundings n.周围的事物；环境 ├ be surrounded by/with 被……围绕 └ 教材：Ireland is an island country surrounded by seas and oceans. 2. charge vt.收费；控告；充电；猛冲 n.收费；指控；主管 ├ in charge of 主管（人作主语） ├ in the charge of 由……掌管（物作主语） ├ take charge of 负责；接管 ├ charge sb with sth 指控某人犯……罪 ├ free of charge 免费 └ 考法：一词多义是完形高频；in charge of / in the charge of 介词辨析 3. approach vt.接近；着手处理 n.方法；途径 ├ an approach to (doing) sth 做某事的方法 ├ with the approach of 随着……的到来 ├ 近义表达：the way/means/method of doing sth └ 考法：approach to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词 4. eager adj.渴望的；热切的 ├ be eager for sth 渴望某物 ├ be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 ├ eagerly adv.急切地 ├ eagerness n.渴望 └ 考法：语法填空考 eager→eagerly/eagerness 词性转换 5. belong vi.属于；应归入 ├ belong to 属于（无被动语态、无进行时） ├ a sense of belonging 归属感 ├ belongings n.财物；行李 └ 考法：belong to 无被动语态是易错点 6. fascinate vt.深深吸引；使着迷 ├ fascinated adj.着迷的（修饰人） ├ fascinating adj.迷人的（修饰物） ├ fascination n.魅力；迷恋 ├ be fascinated by 被……迷住 └ 考法：fascinated/fascinating 形容词辨析是语法填空高频 7. conquer vt.征服；占领；克服 ├ conqueror n.征服者 ├ conquest n.征服；占领 └ 考法：conquer fear/difficulty"克服"是熟词生义 8. defend vt.防御；保卫；辩护 ├ defence/defense n.防御；辩护 ├ in defence of 为了保卫；为……辩护 ├ defend sb/sth against/from 保卫……免受 └ 考法：defence→defend 词性转换；in defence of 短语 9. legal adj.法律的；合法的 ├ illegal adj.非法的 ├ legally adv.合法地 ├ legal system 法律体系 └ 考法：legal→illegal 加否定前缀 il- 10. evidence n.证据；证明 ├ evident adj.明显的 ├ evidently adv.明显地 ├ There is evidence that... 有证据表明…… └ 考法：evidence→evident 词性转换；evidence that 同位语从句 11. achievement n.成就；成绩 ├ achieve vt.实现；取得 ├ achievable adj.可实现的 ├ a sense of achievement 成就感 └ 考法：achieve→achievement 词性转换是语法填空高频 12. announce vt.宣布；宣告 ├ announcement n.公告；宣告 ├ announcer n.播音员 ├ make an announcement 发布公告 └ 考法：announce→announcement 词性转换 13. amount n.数量；总额 vi.总计；等于 ├ a large amount of 大量的（修饰不可数名词） ├ amount to 总计；等于 └ 考法：a large amount of + 不可数名词，谓语用单数 14. striking adj.引人注目的；显著的 ├ strike v.打击；罢工；突然想到 ├ strikingly adv.显著地 ├ It strikes sb that... 某人突然想到…… └ 考法：strike 过去式 struck / 过去分词 struck 是易错点 15. locate vt.使坐落于；找到 ├ location n.位置；地点 ├ be located in/at 坐落于 ├ located in... 过去分词短语作状语/定语 └ 考法：be located in 是写作和语法填空高频；located 作状语 16. roll vi.滚动；翻滚 n.卷；卷轴 ├ rolling adj.起伏的；旋转的 ├ rolling hills 起伏的山丘 ├ roll over 翻滚 └ 考法：rolling 作定语"起伏的"是阅读高频（课文 rolling green hills） 三、高频短语·回嵌课文缩写 下面是课文WHAT'S IN A NAME?的缩写版，根据汉语提示在空白处填入适当的短语。 The UK, which is also ____1____ (被称为) Britain or Great Britain, is a country with a long history. It is ____2____ (由……组成) four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. In the 1st century, the Romans conquered most of Britain. Later, the Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and Normans ____3____ (接管) the island one after another. Each invasion ____4____ (导致) changes to the language and legal system. In the 16th century, Wales ____5____ (加入) England. In 1707, Scotland joined England and Wales. In 1801, Ireland became part of the UK. However, in the 20th century, southern Ireland ____6____ (脱离) the UK. If you want to understand British history, you should ____7____ (留心) the names of places. Many names ____8____ (追溯到) ancient times. When you walk through a British town, you are ____9____ (实际上) walking through centuries of history. So keep your eyes open and ____10____ (利用) every chance to learn. 四、核心句型·公式与一句多说 句型一 have sth done（have+宾语+过去分词） 课本原句：They had castles built all around England. 公式：have + 宾语 + 过去分词 → 让别人做某事 / 遭遇某事。拓展：have sb do（让某人做）/ have sb doing（让某人一直做）/ have sth to do（有某事要做）。 一句多说："我昨天修了电脑"→ I had my computer repaired yesterday. / I got my computer repaired yesterday. / My computer was repaired yesterday. 句型二 with复合结构（with+宾语+宾补） 课本原句：The peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. 公式：with + 宾语 + doing/done/to do/adj./adv./介词短语。 一句多说："春天来了，花都开了"→ With spring coming, the flowers are blooming. / As spring comes, the flowers are blooming. / Spring coming, the flowers are blooming.（独立主格） 句型三 过去分词作定语（单元语法核心） 公式：单个过去分词前置（a broken cup）；过去分词短语后置，相当于省略了 which is/was 的定语从句。 一句多说："建于16世纪的城堡"→ The castle built in the 16th century... / The castle which was built in the 16th century... / The castle dating back to the 16th century... 句型四 过去分词作表语 公式：系动词（be/get/become/feel/remain）+ 过去分词 → 表主语的状态或感受。注意：过去分词表"人的感受"，现在分词表"事物的性质"（excited vs exciting）。 完成下列仿写（每空词数不限）： 1. 我昨天请人拍了照。 → I ________ my photo ________ yesterday. 2. 有导游带路，我们毫不费力地找到了那个古村落。 → ________ a guide ________ the way, we found the ancient village without difficulty. 3. 建于明朝的这座桥至今仍在使用。 → The bridge ________ in the Ming Dynasty is still in use today. 4. 看到考试结果，她感到很失望。 → She felt ________ at the exam results. 五、课文历史时间轴回探 英国的形成是一个按时间推进的过程。根据汉语提示完成各时间节点的关键句。 【1世纪·罗马人】 1. In the 1st century, the Romans ____________ (征服) most of Britain and built roads and towns. 【5世纪·盎格鲁-撒克逊人】 2. In the 5th century, the Anglo-Saxons arrived from mainland Europe and ____________ (引入) the English language. 【8世纪·维京人】 3. In the 8th century, the Vikings came from Scandinavia and ____________ (影响) the vocabulary and place names of Britain. 【11世纪·诺曼人】 4. In 1066, the Normans ____________ (接管) England under William the Conqueror. They had castles built and made changes to the ____________ (法律的) system. 【16世纪·威尔士】 5. In the 16th century, Wales ____________ (加入) England, and the country was joined to the rest of Britain. 【18世纪·苏格兰】 6. In 1707, Scotland joined England and Wales, and the name "Great Britain" was ____________ (采用). 【19世纪·爱尔兰】 7. In 1801, Ireland became part of the United Kingdom, which was ____________ (组成) of four countries. 【20世纪·南爱尔兰脱离】 8. In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland ____________ (脱离) the UK, leaving Northern Ireland as part of it. 六、单元语法·过去分词作定语和表语 【位置功能图】 1. 前置定语：单个过去分词放名词前 → a broken cup / a respected teacher 2. 后置定语：过去分词短语放名词后 = 定语从句省略 → the book written by Lu Xun (= which was written by Lu Xun) 3. 表语：放系动词后 → The cup is broken. / She felt excited. 【现在分词 vs 过去分词作定语】 现在分词：主动、进行 → the running water（正在流的水）/ a sleeping baby（正在睡的婴儿） 过去分词：被动、完成 → the broken window（被打碎的窗）/ a retired teacher（已退休的教师） 【易错提醒】 1. 过去分词作定语时，与被修饰名词是被动关系。 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成，不表被动（a retired teacher, a fallen leaf）。 3. 过去分词作表语表主语的状态/感受；现在分词作表语表主语的性质（excited vs exciting）。 用括号内动词的适当形式填空（语篇：平遥古城）： Pingyao, ____1____ (locate) in central Shanxi Province, is one of the best-preserved ancient cities in China. The city walls, ____2____ (build) in the Ming Dynasty, still stand today. The streets are ____3____ (line) with traditional shops and courtyard houses. Many tourists feel ____4____ (fascinate) by the city's unique architecture. The ancient banks, ____5____ (know) as piaohao, are particularly popular. Their well-____6____ (preserve) buildings offer a glimpse into the past. At night, the city becomes ____7____ (light) up with red lanterns. Visitors often feel ____8____ (move) by the city's long history and peaceful atmosphere. 七、写作素养提升·用英语介绍武汉 （一）话题词块（按段落分） 【简介段】be located in; have a history of; date back to; be known as; a city with a long history 【特色段】be famous for; be home to; a feast for the eyes; be surrounded by; with+复合结构; first built in 【意义段】play an important role in; be worth visiting; leave a deep impression on; a must-see destination （二）高分句型 1. Wuhan, located where the Yangtze and Han rivers meet, is known as a major transportation hub.（过去分词作定语） 2. With a history of over 3,500 years, Wuhan is one of the oldest cities in central China.（with复合结构） 3. The Yellow Crane Tower, first built in the Three Kingdoms period, has been rebuilt many times.（过去分词作定语） 4. A visit to Wuhan is well worth making. （三）地方介绍文模板 [Name], located in [location], is a city with a history of [number] years. It is known as [别称/称号]. The city is famous for [特色1] and [特色2]. [景点1], first built in [朝代], is a must-see attraction. With [with复合结构描写], the city offers a feast for the eyes. Besides, [特色3] makes the city even more attractive. [Name] plays an important role in [领域]. A visit to this city is well worth making, and it will surely leave a deep impression on every visitor. （四）范文·介绍武汉 Wuhan, located in central China where the Yangtze and Han rivers meet, is a city with a history of over 3,500 years. It is known as a major transportation hub and the political, economic and cultural center of Hubei Province. The city is famous for its rich history and delicious food. The Yellow Crane Tower, first built in the Three Kingdoms period, has been rebuilt many times and offers a breathtaking view of the Yangtze River. With its rolling hills dotted with ancient temples and modern skyscrapers, Wuhan is a true feast for the eyes. Besides, the city's hot dry noodles and duck neck snacks are well known across the country. Wuhan plays an important role in China's education and technology, with more than 80 universities and colleges. A visit to this city is well worth making, and it will surely leave a deep impression on every visitor. 【段落功能标注】 第一段·简介段：位置（located过去分词作定语）+ 历史 + 地位（be known as）。 第二段·特色段：景点（first built过去分词作定语）+ 城市风貌（with复合结构）+ 美食（be famous for）。 第三段·意义段：教育科技（play an important role in）+ 呼吁（be well worth doing / leave a deep impression on）。 （五）微型写作练习 请用英语写一段50词左右的文字，介绍武汉的一个特色（景点或美食），要求至少使用1个过去分词作定语和1个with复合结构。范文见答案部分。 八、答案与解析 【一、主题语篇·中英双线对比】 1. reflects 2. conquered 3. invaded 4. resulted in 5. belongs to 6. dating back to 7. appeared 8. have merged 9. built 10. is famous for 解析：第5空belong to无被动语态；第6空dating back to现在分词作定语，表主动关系；第9空built过去分词作定语，表被动；第8空over centuries提示现在完成时have merged。 【三、高频短语·回嵌课文缩写】 1. referred to as 2. made up of 3. took over 4. resulted in 5. was joined to 6. broke away from 7. keep your eyes open for 8. date back to 9. in fact 10. take advantage of 解析：第1、2、5空均为被动语态；第6空break away from过去式broke away from；第8空date back to不用被动。 【四、核心句型·仿写】 1. had; taken 2. With; leading 3. built 4. disappointed 解析：第1题have sth done结构；第2题with+宾语+现在分词，guide与lead是主动关系；第3题built过去分词作定语；第4题disappointed过去分词作表语，表人的感受。 【五、课文历史时间轴回探】 1. conquered 2. introduced 3. influenced 4. took over; legal 5. was joined to 6. adopted 7. made up 8. broke away from 解析：第5、6、7空均为被动语态（was joined to / was adopted / was made up of）；第8空break away from过去式。 【六、语法·过去分词作定语和表语】 1. located 2. built 3. lined 4. fascinated 5. known 6. preserved 7. lit 8. moved 解析：第1、2、5、6空为过去分词作定语（located/built/known/preserved）；第3、4、7、8空为过去分词作表语（are lined/feel fascinated/becomes lit/feel moved）。 【七、微型写作练习·参考范文】 The Yellow Crane Tower, first built over 1,700 years ago, stands on Snake Hill by the Yangtze River. With the river flowing beneath it and the city skyline stretching beyond, the tower offers a breathtaking view that no visitor should miss. （使用了first built过去分词作定语、with+宾语+现在分词复合结构，以及breathtaking/miss等高考高频词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $