Unit 3 Doing Our Part for the Environment 讲义2026-2027学年中职英语高教版（第三版）拓展模块

本中职英语讲义围绕“环境保护”核心话题，系统涵盖环境问题、低碳生活、垃圾分类等内容，语言技能聚焦听懂环保对话、谈论保护措施、读懂垃圾分类报道及撰写环保书信。通过重点词汇（如environment、recycle）、核心语法（被动语态、非谓语动词）及短语（garbage sorting、take action）的分层讲解，搭建完整学习支架。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如词汇深度辨析（garbage/rubbish/waste）助准确运用，阅读训练“问题—措施”信息提取提升分析能力。文化意识方面引入世界环境日，强化人类命运共同体意识。分层练习与易错点汇总设计，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固环保主题语言应用能力。

Unit 3 Doing Our Part for the Environment 环境保护 Unit 3 Doing Our Part for the Environment 讲义 项目 内容 单元话题 环境保护：环境问题、低碳生活、垃圾分类、环保行动与责任 语言技能 听懂环保主题对话；谈论环境问题与保护措施；读懂垃圾分类新闻报道；写环保活动书信 重点词汇 environment, protection, smog/smoggy, garbage, sort, recycle, reusable, responsible, hazardous, issue, pollution, resource 等 重点短语 deal with, carry out, be responsible for, instead of, take action, garbage sorting, take public transportation, compared with 等 核心语法 被动语态（be + 过去分词）；非谓语动词（After being sorted…）；并列连词 neither…nor… 等 情感价值 树立“保护环境，人人有责”的意识，践行绿色生活方式 一、单元学习目标 维度 具体目标 语言能力 掌握环境保护主题词汇与固定搭配，能在语境中正确理解与运用被动语态 文化意识 了解世界环境日（6月5日），认识环境保护是全人类共同的责任 思维品质 能提取环保语篇中的“问题—措施”信息，归纳并评价低碳生活方式 学习能力 能听懂并参与环保话题讨论，能写一封关于环保活动的书信 ★ 本单元重难点：重点——① 被动语态（be + 过去分词）的识别与运用；② 环保主题词汇与短语；难点——非谓语动词（After being sorted…）作状语，以及主动与被动的转换。 二、核心词汇精讲 ▍ 1. 环境·污染·分类类核心词（含音标与派生） 单词 / 音标 词性与词义 派生与搭配 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 environmental adj. protection /prəˈtekʃən/ n. 保护 protect v. / protect…from pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ n. 污染 pollute v. / air pollution smog /smɒɡ/ ; smoggy n. 雾霾 ; adj. 雾霾的 smoggy days garbage /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ n. 垃圾（美） sort garbage sort /sɔːt/ v. & n. 分类；种类 sort…into… recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收，循环 recyclable adj. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 有责任的 be responsible for reusable /ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/ adj. 可重复使用的 reuse v. & n. hazardous /ˈhæzədəs/ adj. 有害的，危险的 hazardous waste household /ˈhaʊshəʊld/ adj. & n. 家庭的；家庭 household waste issue /ˈɪʃuː/ n. 问题，议题 environmental issues resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源 natural / renewable resources energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源，能量 save energy climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 climate change ▍ 2. 重点词汇深度辨析 辨析点 用法说明 例句 garbage / rubbish / waste garbage 美式垃圾；rubbish 英式；waste 泛指废弃物 sort the garbage pollution / pollutant pollution 不可数（污染）；pollutant 可数（污染物） air pollution / harmful pollutants recycle vs reuse recycle 回收再加工；reuse 直接重复使用 recycle paper / reuse bags be responsible for 对……负责（介词固定用 for） Everyone is responsible for it. deal with vs do with deal with 常与 how 连用；do with 常与 what 连用 deal with environmental issues instead of vs instead instead of + 名词/doing；instead 单独用于句末 use cloth bags instead of plastic ones ▍ 3. 词形转换（必背） 动词 / 名词 名词 / 形容词 说明 pollute pollution / pollutant pollution 不可数 protect protection protection 保护 environment environmental environmental protection recycle recyclable / recycling recyclable 可回收的 responsible responsibility it is one's responsibility hazard hazardous hazardous waste 有害垃圾 reuse reusable reusable bags 环保袋 save saving (n.) energy saving 节能 ⚠ 词形转换易错： pollution 是不可数名词（不能说 a pollution / pollutions）；responsible 前用 be，后用 for；protection 是名词，动词是 protect。 三、核心短语与固定搭配 短语 含义 例句 deal with 处理，应对 deal with environmental issues carry out 实施，执行 carry out the plan be responsible for 对……负责 Everyone is responsible for it. take action 采取行动 take action to protect the environment garbage / waste sorting 垃圾分类 learn to sort garbage take public transportation 乘坐公共交通 go to school by public transportation instead of 代替，而不是 use cloth bags instead of plastic ones form the habit of 养成……的习惯 form the habit of saving water divide…into… 把……分成 divide waste into four types separate…from… 把……与……分开 separate the good from the bad be bad for 对……有害 Smog is bad for our health. compared with 与……相比 compared with last year fight against 与……作斗争 fight against climate change encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 encourage people to use clean energy as well as 也，以及 save water as well as energy ⚠ 介词固定搭配： be responsible for（不用 of / to）、take action to do（to 是不定式）、instead of + 名词/doing（of 后接动名词）、encourage sb to do（to 不丢）、form the habit of doing（of 后接 doing）。 四、核心语法一：被动语态（Passive Voice）★★ 当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态。本单元环保语篇中“法律、措施、垃圾”常作主语，被动语态高频出现。 ▍ 1. 被动语态的构成：be + 过去分词（P.P.） 时态 被动结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are + P.P. Laws are made to protect the environment. 一般过去时 was/were + P.P. The trees were planted last spring. 一般将来时 will be + P.P. More parks will be built next year. 现在完成时 have/has been + P.P. The problem has been solved. 情态动词 can/must + be + P.P. Garbage must be sorted into four types. ▍ 2. 主动语态与被动语态的转换（三步） 步骤 操作 ① 找宾语 把主动句的宾语提到句首作主语 ② 改谓语 谓语改为 be + 过去分词 ③ 处理主语 原主语前加 by；若不重要可省略 ▍ 3. 本单元常见被动句型（必背） 句型 例句 情态动词 + be + P.P. Garbage must be sorted into kitchen, recyclable, hazardous and other waste. be + P.P. + to do People are encouraged to use clean energy. have/has been + P.P. Many natural disasters have been caused by environmental problems. be being + P.P.（现在进行被动） A new park is being built in our city. ⚠ 被动语态易错： ① 被动语态 = be + 过去分词，be 不可漏（最常见错误）；② be 的时态、人称、数与主语一致；③ 不及物动词（happen / occur / break out）无被动；④ 感官动词 hear / see 的被动要用 be seen / be heard to do。 五、核心语法二：非谓语动词与并列连词（★★难点） ▍ 1. 非谓语动词（分词作状语） 本单元阅读语篇中，“After being sorted, much garbage can be made useful.”这类句子频繁出现。分词的逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。 形式 含义 例句 doing（现在分词） 主动 / 进行 Sorting garbage helps the environment. being done（被动进行） 被动 / 进行 After being sorted, garbage can be recycled. done（过去分词） 被动 / 完成 Seen from space, the earth is blue. to do（不定式） 目的 / 将来 We plant trees to protect the air. ⚠ 非谓语易错： ① 分词的逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致；② “after / before + being done”表被动且已完成；③ 过去分词 done 本身就含被动意义，不另加 be。 ▍ 2. 并列连词：neither…nor… 及其拓展 结构 含义 例句 both…and… 两者都（肯定） It is both easy and efficient. either…or… 或者……或者（选择） You can take a bus or walk. neither…nor… 既不……也不（否定） Neither students nor teachers are allowed to drive. not only…but also… 不仅……而且 It not only saves money but also protects the environment. ⚠ neither…nor 就近原则： neither…nor… / either…or… / not only…but also… 连接主语时，谓语与最近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。例：Neither he nor I am right.（就近用 am）。 ★ 被动 + 非谓语综合口诀：① 主语是“被做”→ 被动（be + P.P.）；② 分词前有明显主语不一致或表“被怎样后”→ being done；③ 连词连接主语 → 就近原则。 ★ 本单元语法主线：读懂环保语篇中的被动句（Laws are made… / Garbage must be sorted…）是阅读与写作的核心能力。 六、情景交际：谈论环境问题与保护措施 ▍ 1. 讨论环境问题与保护措施（本单元核心功能） 功能 句型 描述环境问题 The air / water is badly polluted. / There are more smoggy days. 提出建议 We should / ought to sort garbage and save energy. 询问该做什么 What can we do to deal with environmental issues? 鼓励他人 Everyone is welcome to help save our planet. / Keep it up! 表达责任 Everyone is responsible for protecting the environment. 评价行动 Small actions can make a big difference. ▍ 2. 垃圾分类情景核心句型 功能 句型 分类方法 Waste should be divided into four types. 举例 Recyclable waste: glass, plastic, cloth… / Hazardous waste: batteries, medicine… 鼓励参与 You can start by saving water and planting more trees. 做志愿者 I work as a volunteer to help sort garbage. ▍ 3. 完整对话框架（教材仿写） A: What environmental problems are we facing? B: The air is polluted and there is too much waste. What can we do to deal with them? A: We can start by sorting garbage and saving water. Instead of driving, we should take public transportation. B: Good idea. Everyone is responsible for protecting our planet. A: Exactly. Small actions can make a big difference. 七、阅读与写作 ▍ 1. 阅读：文本类型与关键信息（Reading） 本单元阅读板块围绕“环境污染报道、垃圾分类、低碳生活倡议”展开，训练“读标题—抓主旨—梳问题—找措施”的技能。 文本类型 关键信息（抓取点） 环境污染报道 污染类型（air / water / waste）、成因、危害、措施 垃圾分类说明 分类标准：可回收 / 厨余 / 有害 / 其他 低碳生活倡议 no-driving day、reusable bags、save energy / water ▍ 2. 阅读长句拆解 原句： 拆解： ▍ 3. 写作：关于环保活动的书信（A Letter about an Environmental Activity） ★ 写作要点（书信格式：称呼 + 正文 + 结尾 + 署名）：① 开头说明活动（I’m writing to tell you about…）；② 活动内容（plant trees / sort garbage / save water）；③ 感受与评价（I realized that… / Small actions make a big difference）；④ 结尾期待回复（Looking forward to your reply）。多用被动语态与一般过去时。 范文：A Letter about an Environmental Activity Dear Tom, I’m writing to tell you about a meaningful activity our school organized last Saturday. In the morning, all the students and teachers went to a park near our school. We worked in groups to dig holes, plant trees and water them. Some students also put up signs to remind people to protect the trees. By noon, we had planted over 100 trees. Although I felt tired, I was very happy. I realized that protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility. Small actions can make a big difference. I hope we can do more for our planet. What do you think? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 八、高频易错点汇总（考前速查） 类型 易错点 正确表达 词汇 pollution 加复数 / 加 a pollution（不可数，✗ a pollution） 搭配 responsible 后介词用错 be responsible for（✗ responsible of） 搭配 instead 后接名词 instead of + n./doing（✗ instead + doing） 搭配 encourage 后缺 to encourage sb to do（✗ encourage sb do） 语态 被动语态漏掉 be Laws are made…（✗ Laws made…） 语态 不及物动词用被动 The accident happened.（✗ was happened） 非谓语 after sort 漏 being After being sorted…（表被动完成） 连词 neither…nor 谓语不就近 Neither he nor I am…（就近用 am） 九、分层巩固练习 ▍ A. 词汇与短语填空（基础） 1. Everyone should be ________ (responsibility) for protecting the environment. 2. Garbage must ________ (sort) into kitchen, recyclable, hazardous and other waste. 3. We should form the habit of ________ (save) water and energy in daily life. 4. Instead ________ driving, we’d better take public transportation. ▍ B. 语法单项选择（提升：被动语态与连词） 1. Many natural disasters ________ by environmental problems. A. are caused B. cause C. are causing 2. The trees ________ next spring. A. will plant B. will be planted C. are planted 3. After ________ sorted, much garbage can be recycled. A. be B. being C. been 4. Neither the students nor the teacher ________ allowed to drive on the no-driving day. A. is B. are C. am 5. People are encouraged ________ clean energy. A. use B. to use C. using ▍ C. 微写作（拓展） 以“My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一段 5 句话的短文（可用 We should… / Instead of… / Small actions can make a big difference.），注意被动语态与 instead of 的使用。 十、参考答案 ▍ A. 词汇与短语填空 1. responsible 2. be sorted 3. saving 4. of ▍ B. 单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B ⚠ 解析要点： 1. 主语 disasters 是“被引起”，用被动 are caused；2. next spring 用将来被动 will be planted；3. after being sorted 表被动且完成；4. neither…nor 就近原则，最近主语 teacher 用 is；5. encourage sb to do，被动 sb be encouraged to do。 ▍ C. 微写作（参考框架） We should live a low-carbon life to protect our planet. Instead of driving, we take public transportation or ride bikes to school. At home, we turn off the lights when nobody is in the room and reuse our textbooks. Garbage must be sorted into different types. Small actions can make a big difference, and everyone is responsible for the environment. 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $