Unit6语法专项训练2026-2027学年人教版八年英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦be going to表将来和动词不定式作宾语，构建“概念-结构-辨析-应用”四层逻辑体系，提炼“判断步骤+错误规避”解题方法，适配中考高频语法考点，提升语言运用与逻辑判断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识点总结|7个知识点模块（含3类判断步骤）|be going to判断四步法（将来→计划/预测→be形式→动词原形）；非谓语形式三步骤（找动词→看搭配→定形式）；常见错误归因（缺be动词、there be与have混淆等）|从基本用法（计划/预测）到句型结构（肯定/否定/疑问），再到与will、现在进行时等将来表达辨析，最后系统对比to do/doing/原形的非谓语用法，形成完整语法链| |专项巩固练习|4类题型（35题）|单选侧重语法规则应用，填空强化形式变化，句型转换训练句式转换能力，翻译提升综合语言输出|覆盖中考常见题型，由基础到综合，精准对应知识点模块，强化语法规则迁移与语言运用能力|

人教版英语八年级上册Unit6语法汇总与练习 be going to 表将来；动词不定式作宾语 第一部分 语法知识点总结 一、be going to表示将来 1、表示事先计划或打算 be going to + 动词原形表示说话前已经考虑、计划或决定要做某事，常与 tomorrow、next week、this weekend、in the future 等将来时间连用。 例：I am going to study medicine in the future.（我将来打算学医学。） 说明：这是事先形成的个人计划，不是说话时的临时决定。 2、根据当前迹象作出预测 be going to 还可根据眼前已有的迹象预测即将发生的事情。判断重点是现在是否能看到明显证据。 例：Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.（看那些乌云，要下雨了。） 说明：乌云是作出预测的当前迹象。 二、be going to的句型结构 1、be随主语变化 结构中的be必须根据主语使用am、is或are；going to后必须接动词原形。be是句型中不能省略的组成部分。 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形 She is going to practise every day. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are not going to + 动词原形 We aren't going to move. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? Are you going to travel? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? What are they going to do? 2、否定句和疑问句 否定句在 am / is / are 后加 not；一般疑问句把 am / is / are 提到主语前；特殊疑问句把疑问词放在 be 前。 例：They aren't going to change the plan.（他们不打算改变计划。） 例：What are you going to do this weekend?（这个周末你打算做什么？） 3、there be的将来结构 There is / are going to be… 表示“将会有……”。前一个be根据紧邻名词的单复数选择is或are，going to后的be保持原形，不能换成have。 例：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.（明天将有一场会议。） 例：There are going to be two new clubs next term.（下学期将有两个新社团。） 三、be going to与其他将来表达 1、be going to与will be going to强调事先计划或有迹象的预测；will常表示说话时的临时决定、承诺、主动帮助或较主观的看法。二者有时都可表将来，但侧重点不同。 例：We are going to visit the museum on Saturday.（我们计划周六参观博物馆。） 例：The phone is ringing. I'll answer it.（电话响了，我来接。） 2、现在进行时表已安排的近期计划 go、come、leave、arrive、meet、start等动词可用现在进行时表示已经确定的近期安排，常有具体时间、地点或相关人员。 例：We are meeting the guide at nine tomorrow.（我们明天九点和导游见面。） 3、一般现在时表固定日程 列车时刻、课程安排、比赛日程等按时间表发生的事情常用一般现在时表示将来。 例：The train leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning.（火车明早八点发车。） 四、动词不定式作宾语 1、基本形式和作用 动词不定式的基本形式是to + 动词原形。放在某些动词后作宾语时，常表示想要、计划、希望、决定或承诺去做某事。 例：She hopes to become an engineer.（她希望成为一名工程师。） 说明：to become是hopes的宾语，说明“希望做什么”。 2、常接不定式作宾语的动词 常见动词有 want、hope、wish、plan、decide、choose、promise、agree、offer、expect、learn、refuse、try等。它们后面的to通常不能省略。 意愿与希望 want, hope, wish, would like I hope to become a writer. 计划与决定 plan, decide, choose She decided to learn coding. 承诺与同意 promise, agree, offer He promised to work hard. 其他 expect, learn, refuse, try We expect to finish early. 3、would like / love / prefer would like、would love和would prefer后常接to do，表示礼貌的愿望或偏好。would like to do不能写成would like doing来表达本单元的基本意义。 例：I'd like to join the science club.（我想加入科学社团。） 五、不定式的否定式和疑问词结构 1、not to do 动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not，构成not to + 动词原形。not的位置不能放在动词原形后面。 例：He decided not to give up.（他决定不放弃。） 2、疑问词 + to do know、decide、learn、show等动词后可接“疑问词 + to do”，如what to do、how to start、where to go。该结构相当于一个简化的宾语内容。 例：I don't know how to start the machine.（我不知道怎样启动这台机器。） 说明：疑问词后仍使用to + 动词原形。 六、to do、doing与动词原形辨析 1、常接doing的动词 enjoy、finish、practise、mind、keep等动词后常接动词‑ing形式。做题时不能因为前面有动词就一律使用to do。 例：Leo enjoys learning about different jobs.（利奥喜欢了解不同的职业。） 2、情态动词后接原形 can、must、should、will等情态动词后直接接动词原形，不加to。be going to中的to属于固定结构，后面同样接动词原形。 3、宾语补足语中的形式 ask、tell、want、advise、remind等常用“动词 + 人 + to do”；其否定式常用“动词 + 人 + not to do”。make和let则常接不带to的动词原形。 例：The teacher reminded us not to be late.（老师提醒我们不要迟到。） 4、介词to后接doing look forward to、be used to等短语中的to是介词，后面接名词或动词‑ing形式，不属于不定式。 例：We look forward to hearing from you.（我们期待收到你的来信。） 七、重点辨析与做题方法 1、be going to的判断步骤 先看是否表达将来，再判断是事先计划还是有迹象的预测；然后根据主语选择am / is / are，最后检查going to后是否使用动词原形。 2、非谓语形式的判断步骤 先找空格前的动词或短语，判断其固定搭配；再判断是否有人作宾语；最后选择to do、doing或动词原形，并检查否定词not的位置。 实用判断公式：计划或迹象用be going to；动词后用什么形式，要看固定搭配，不能只看中文“做”。 3、常见错误 易错句：He going to study harder.错误。缺少be，应改为He is going to study harder. 易错句：There is going to have a meeting.错误。there be的将来结构应为There is going to be…。 易错句：She decided not use the machine.错误。应使用not to use。 第二部分 专项巩固练习题 一、单项选择（15题） 1. My sister ____ going to take up painting next year. A. am B. is C. are D. be 2. Look at the dark clouds. It ____ rain soon. A. will be B. is going to C. are going to D. be going to 3. There ____ a football match this Saturday afternoon. A. is going to be B. are going to be C. is going to have D. will have 4. —What ____ you ____ to do tomorrow? —I’m going to visit my grandparents. A. are; go B. is; going C. are; going D. do; go 5. He hopes ____ a doctor in the future. A. be B. to be C. being D. is 6. She decided ____ to the party because she was ill. A. not go B. not to go C. don’t go D. doesn’t go 7. I don’t know ____ solve this problem. Can you help me? A. how to B. what to C. where to D. when to 8. My mother tells me ____ too much time playing games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. to not spend 9. —Would you like ____ out for dinner with me? —I’d love to. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes 10. They promise ____ hard from now on. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied 11. We look forward ____ you soon. A. see B. to see C. seeing D. to seeing 12. Enjoy ____ English every day, and you will make progress. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 13. —____ are you going to move? —I’m going to move to Shanghai. A. Where B. What C. When D. How 14. He ____ to travel around the world some day. A. want B. wants C. wanting D. is want 15. Let’s ____ our homework first. A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（10题） 1. I am going to ________ (learn) to play the piano. 2. She hopes ________ (be) a famous singer. 3. He decided ________ (not give) up his dream. 4. We expect ________ (have) a good holiday. 5. My brother enjoys ________ (play) basketball after school. 6. They plan ________ (visit) their uncle next month. 7. The teacher asks us ________ (keep) quiet in class. 8. I don’t know where ________ (go). 9. Look! The bus ________ (come). We must hurry. 10. There ________ (be) going to be a talk show tomorrow evening. 三、句型转换（5题） 1. Tom is going to exercise every morning.（改为否定句） Tom ________ ________ to exercise every morning. 2. They are going to have a picnic this weekend.（改为一般疑问句） ________ they ________ to have a picnic this weekend? 3. She is going to be a teacher when she grows up.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ she going to ________ when she grows up? 4. I want to travel around the world.（用hope改写句子） I hope ________ ________ around the world. 5. There is going to be a sports meeting.（改为同义句） ________ ________ ________ a sports meeting. 四、句子翻译（5题） 1. 我打算明年学习一门外语。 ____________________________________ 2. 他希望将来成为一名工程师。 ____________________________________ 3. 马上要下雨了，带上雨伞。 ____________________________________ 4. 我们期待收到你的来信。 ____________________________________ 5. 她决定不放弃她的梦想。 ____________________________________ 第三部分 参考答案与解析 一、单项选择 1、B 解析：主语my sister是单数，be动词用is。 2、B 解析：根据乌云迹象预测下雨，主语it，用is going to。 3、A 解析：there be将来时结构there is going to be，不能用have。 4、C 解析：固定be going to，主语you，be动词用are。 5、B 解析：hope to do sth 希望做某事。 6、B 解析：decide not to do sth 决定不做某事。 7、A 解析：how to do 怎样做，句意为我不知道怎样解决这个问题。 8、C 解析：tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事。 9、C 解析：would like to do sth 想要做某事。 10、B 解析：promise to do sth 承诺做某事。 11、D 解析：look forward to doing sth，to是介词，后接doing。 12、C 解析：enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事。 13、A 解析：答句是地点，用where提问。 14、B 解析：主语he，一般现在时谓语动词用wants。 15、A 解析：let’s后接动词原形。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1、learn 2、to be 3、not to give 4、to have 5、playing 6、to visit 7、to keep 8、to go 9、is coming 10、is 三、句型转换 1、isn’t going 2、Are；going 3、What is；be 4、to travel 5、There will be 四、句子翻译 1、I am going to learn a foreign language next year. 2、He hopes to become an engineer in the future. 3、It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you. 4、We look forward to hearing from you. 5、She decided not to give up her dream. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $