Unit 6 单元测试题 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 人教版英语九年级上册Unit6单元测试卷，以太空探索为主题整合人物传记（Caroline Herschel）与科技前沿（黑洞照片、宇航员实验）素材，适配单元复习，全面考查语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|10题/20分|人物传记、科技说明文|细节查找、事件排序等多维度考查| |完形填空|15题/15分|太空实验与人体影响|上下文语境理解与词汇运用| |阅读填空|10题/15分|语法填空（时态、词性转换）|语篇中语法知识综合应用| |情境运用|5题/10分|图片描述与问答|真实情境下语言交际能力|

人教版英语九年级上册Unit6单元测试题（考试时间：45分钟） I. 阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When I was young, my father took me outside to see the stars. Once we saw a comet(彗星)! It was the first comet I'd seen but wasn't the last. My name is Caroline Herschel. I was born in Hanover, Germany in 1750. When I was 22, I moved to England to stay with my older brother, William. He was a musician and he offered me singing lessons. I helped him with housework in return. I practiced hard and soon started singing at his concerts. Life changed when William became interested in astronomy . He read about space late into the night. Breakfast often turned into a lesson about stars. I learned a lot from him. And we even started working together on a big project: building telescopes-the special tools for seeing faraway things. To make the perfect mirrors for our telescopes, we heated metals and shaped them using special molds(模具). These molds were made from strange things, like dry horse waste. I had to break it into small bits. It was dirty work, but I didn't mind. Someone had to do it. Making the mirrors smooth was very difficult. William invented a machine to help, but he still had to work without stopping for hours once he began. He couldn't even stop to eat, so I fed him and read stories to keep him happy and relaxed. In 1781, William discovered something fantastic-a new planet! King George was so glad that he made William his astronomer. William made a telescope just for me. And I was able to search the sky along with him. On August 1, 1786, I found something special too-a comet! I watched it carefully for one more night and discovered it was real. Now everyone is talking about my comet. They call it the Lady's Comet. This is the first comet I've ever discovered, but I don't think it will be the last. 1. Why did Caroline move to England? A. To live with her brother. B. To study at a music school. C. To sing at famous concerts. D. To look after a sick relative. 2. In what order did the following happen in Caroline's life? a. She discovered her first comet. b. Her brother built a telescope for her. c. Her brother became interested in space. d. She built telescopes together with her brother. e. She got paid by King George to help with her brother's work. A. c-d-b-a-e B. c-d-e-b-a C. c-b-d-a-e D. c-b-a-e-d 3. How many comets did Caroline discover by herself? A. One. B. Seven. C. Eight. D. Nine. 4. Which of the following best describes Caroline and William's working relationship? A. Caroline gave William more help. B. Caroline had to do all the dirty work. C. William took care of most of the work. D. They were important to each other's success. 5. Where can we probably read the text? A. In a science book B. In an English dictionary C. In a guidebook D. In a magazine B. In April 2019, the world saw the first-ever picture of a black hole, a historic moment in space science. The image showed a bright ring of light around a dark center. This black hole lies at the center of the M87 galaxy, about 55 million light-years away from Earth. This great success was made by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). It is a global network of radio telescopes that turns the whole Earth into a large virtual telescope. By connecting and coordinating (协同) telescopes from Hawaii to the South Pole, scientists finally observed this faraway object. It looks as tiny as a tennis ball on the moon from Earth. The supermassive black hole has a mass (质量) 6.5 billion times that of the Sun. The real picture perfectly matched the predictions from Einstein’s general theory of relativity. It clearly proved that a black hole’s shadow is round. The observation also helped researchers study the black hole’s event horizon, a special boundary where nothing, not even light, can escape its strong gravity. This amazing achievement was a result of global cooperation. China joined the international project with its Submillimeter Telescope and other related equipment. To capture the rare image, the EHT team gathered data from eight observatories across four continents. They used precise atomic clocks to keep all telescope signals synchronized. The data volume was extremely large, so researchers could not send it online and had to use hard drives for delivery. After years of careful and difficult data processing, the clear bright ring shape of the black hole finally appeared. The milestone discovery offers powerful proof for general relativity and confirms that black holes are not just imaginary theoretical objects. The bright ring around the black hole is formed by super-hot gas spinning fast into the black hole, with its light bent by the black hole’s huge gravity. The EHT’s success has created a new method for black hole research. Future scientific tasks will focus on recording videos to show how materials fall into these mysterious cosmic (宇宙的) objects. This historic image satisfies human curiosity about the universe and brings more new questions about the nature of space and time. 6. What can we know about the black hole in the picture? A. It is 55 million light-years away from the Sun. B. Its shadow is square in shape. C. Its mass is far heavier than that of the Sun. D. It lies in the center of the solar system. 7. What does the author mainly want to tell us in paragraph 3? A. The advanced equipment used in the project. B. The efforts and joint work behind the photo. C. The long history of international cooperation. D. The reasons why data transmission failed. 8. What can we infer from the passage? A. Global cooperation played an important role. B. EHT data can be sent through the Internet easily. C. The picture fully disagreed with Einstein’s theory. D. Scientists have made videos of materials falling into black holes. 9. What is the author’s attitude towards the black hole discovery? A. Doubtful. B.Negative. C. Uncaring. D.Admiring. 10. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. The future difficulties of deep-space exploration. B. Different ways to collect cosmic data by telescopes. C. The basic rules of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. D. The process, achievement and significance of the first black hole picture. II. 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Twin brothers Mark and Scott were both crazy about outer‑space. They shared the same dream: to fly 11 our planet. In 1996, Scott passed the strict astronaut selection and began his hard 12 . Mark chose to stay on the earth. From 2015 to 2016, Scott spent 340 long days inside the space station far from Earth. Scientists planned a special experiment on the twin brothers. 13 they had identical DNA, the team could clearly learn how space travel 14 human bodies. At first, Scott felt 15 when he first met weightlessness. Everything floated around 16 room. Food bits flew everywhere without gravity. He had to get used to sleeping in a fixed sleeping‑bag and doing daily exercise to 17 his muscles strong.During his spare time, Scott looked down at our blue home planet. He 18 how small and lovely the earth was in the huge black universe.He often sent messages to his brother Mark on the ground. Mark helped scientists record all the body data and never dropped the research work. When Scott 19 returned to the world, doctors found many small changes inside his body. The long stay in space had left its 20 . The twin‑study brought plenty of new facts for future Mars‑travel plans. More volunteers are ready to 21 risks for space science. Scott said the trip beyond earth changed his whole life. It taught him that human beings are still tiny visitors in the wide 22 . He hopes more teenagers will open their eyes to space. You do not need huge gifts; steady hard‑work will 23 your space dream. No one knows all the secrets of the stars. Our exploration will 24 for hundreds of years. Every young explorer can write a new page for space‑time 25 . 11. A. beyond B. on C. beside D. across 12. A. holiday B. training C. trip D. show 13. A. If B. But C. Since D. So 14. A. harms B. saves C. protects D. influences 15. A. relaxed B. surprised C. bored D. afraid 16. A. his B. her C. our D. their 17. A. keep B. hurt C. waste D. test 18. A. wondered B. noticed C. argued D. regretted 19. A. actively B. greatly C. nearly D. finally 20. A. mark B. gift C. pain D. prize 21. A. avoid B. take C. refuse D. forget 22. A. ocean B. forest C. universe D. desert 23. A. reach B. break C. lose D. choose 24. A. end B. stop C. continue D. disappear 25. A. travel B. power C. habit D. history III.阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I was a little boy, I often looked up at the bright starry sky and dreamed of travelling beyond Earth. I was 26. (deep) attracted by the secret universe. My first dream was to be 27. astronaut. Few people knew how hard the journey would be. My parents worried that the training for space‑travellers was really difficult . Still, I never gave up my dream. I kept reading books about planets and the space station in my free time. At 16, I took part in a city‑level space camp. There I experienced real astronauts’ daily training.I learnt that taikonauts must stay calm both in strong shaking and 28. _________(weight) environment. Once I nearly gave up after a long‑time anti‑gravity practice. 29. the words from a space hero encouraged me 30. (move) on.Years passed. I kept making my body strong and studied space‑science knowledge every day. I knew every small step would bring me closer 31. space. Last summer, I got the chance to visit the national space centre. When I saw the real spaceship, my eyes 32. (fill) with tears.The guide told us human beings 33. ____________(send) many machines to explore Mars so far. More young people are drawn into space research. Now I understand exploring the universe is never a lonely journey. We young dreamers are carrying the future of space 34. (explore).I will not waste any chance to improve 35. (I). Even if I cannot fly into space one day, my love for the outer world will never fade away. IV.情境运用（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 36 A: ____________________________________________? B:Yes, I have. I watched it online with my family. 37 A:_____________________________________________? B: It weighs about 15,550 kilograms. 38 A：____________________________________________? B: It is used to protect astronauts from radiation. 39 A:How do astronauts sleep on the space station? B: _____________________. So they don’t fly away. 40. A: What will astronauts be required to do on the space station?Huangguoshu B:________________________________________________. 人教版九年级上册 Unit6 单元测试题 答案 + 解析 Ⅰ. 阅读理解（每题 2 分，共 20 分） A 篇（人物传记 Caroline Herschel 天文学家） 1. 答案：A 解析：细节题。原文 “When I was 22, I moved to England to stay with my older brother, William.” 她搬去英国是为了和哥哥一起生活。B、C、D 原文无依据。 2. 答案：B 解析：事件排序 c. 哥哥对太空产生兴趣 → d. 兄妹一起制造望远镜 → e. 国王任用 William（King George made William his astronomer）→ b. 哥哥专门为她造望远镜 → a. 她发现第一颗彗星。顺序 cdeba，选 B。 3. 答案：A 解析：细节。文中本篇只讲到1786 年 8 月 1 日她发现自己第一颗彗星，短文范围内信息选 One。（拓展：真实历史她一共发现 8 颗，但本篇阅读文本只写了第一颗）。 4. 答案：D 解析：推理。兄妹互相配合，Caroline 做大量辅助工作，William 给她学习、观测机会，双方对彼此的成功都很重要。 A 错：不只是 Caroline 单方面多帮助；B 错 “all dirty work” 过于绝对；C 错，不是 William 包揽大部分工作。 5. 答案：D 解析：文章是人物科普小故事，最可能出现在杂志。A 科学课本一般知识点为主；B 词典、C 旅游指南完全不符合。 B 篇（科普：人类首张黑洞照片 EHT） 6. 答案：C 解析：细节。原文 “The supermassive black hole has a mass 6.5 billion times that of the Sun.” 质量远超太阳。 A 错误：距离地球 5500 万光年，不是太阳；B 错，影子是圆形 round；D 错，位于 M87 星系中心，不是太阳系中心。 7. 答案：B 解析：段落主旨。第 3 段讲全球 8 个天文台、原子钟、硬盘传输海量数据、多年处理，讲这张照片背后的多方努力与国际合作。 8. 答案：A 解析：推理。“This amazing achievement was a result of global cooperation.” 全球合作起到重大作用。 B 错：数据不能线上传输；C 错，照片与爱因斯坦理论高度吻合；D 错，未来才要录制视频，尚未完成。 9. 答案：D 解析：作者态度。文中 historic、amazing、milestone achievement 等褒义词，持赞赏、钦佩态度。doubtful 怀疑；negative 消极；uncaring 漠不关心。 10. 答案：D 解析：全文主旨。文章介绍首张黑洞照片的拍摄过程、取得成就、科学意义。A 未来困难；B 收集数据的方法；C 相对论基础规则，都只是局部片段。 Ⅱ. 完形填空（每题 1 分，15 分） 短文：NASA 双胞胎宇航员实验，Scott 太空飞行，Mark 留在地球，研究太空对人体的影响。 11. A beyond fly beyond our planet 飞出我们的星球（beyond 超出…… 之外） 12. B training passed astronaut selection，通过选拔之后开始艰苦训练。holiday 假期；trip 旅行；show 展示。 13. C Since 连词，由于、既然，因为他们 DNA 完全相同，科学家可以研究太空对人体的影响。 14. D influences 研究太空旅行如何影响人的身体。harm 伤害；save 拯救；protect 保护。 15. B surprised 第一次体验失重，内心感到吃惊。relaxed 放松；bored 无聊；afraid 害怕不符合语境。 16. A his 在他的舱室里东西到处漂浮，主语是 Scott 男性。 17. A keep keep muscles strong 固定搭配：保持肌肉强健。 18. B noticed 俯瞰宇宙，他注意到地球在浩瀚宇宙中渺小又美丽。wonder 想知道；argue 争论；regret 后悔。 19. D finally 当 Scott最终返回地球。actively 积极地；greatly 极大；nearly 几乎。 20. A mark leave its mark 固定短语：留下印记（太空生活在身体上留下变化印记）。gift 礼物；pain 疼痛；prize 奖品。 21. B take take risks 固定搭配 “冒险”。 22. C universe human beings are tiny visitors in the wide universe 在浩瀚宇宙中人类是渺小访客。ocean 海洋；forest 森林；desert 沙漠。 23. A reach steady hardwork will reach your space dream 踏实努力可以实现你的太空梦想。break 打破；lose 失去；choose 选择。 24. C continue 人类对星空的探索还会持续数百年。end/stop 停止；disappear 消失。 25. D history spacetime history 时空历史。每一位年轻探索者都能书写时空历史新的一页。travel 旅行；power 力量；habit 习惯。 Ⅲ. 阅读填空（每空 1.5 分，15 分） 26. deeply 副词修饰动词 attract。be deeply attracted 被深深吸引。deep 形容词→deeply 副词。 27. an astronaut 元音音素开头，be an astronaut 成为一名宇航员。 28. weightless weight 名词重量；weightless 形容词失重的。in weightless environment 在失重环境。 29. But 前句：我几乎放弃；但是航天英雄的话语鼓励我继续前进。转折，句首大写 But。 30. to move encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 → encourage me to move on。 31. to 固定搭配：closer to… 离…… 更近。bring me closer to space 让我离太空更近。 32. were filled be filled with 充满……；时态一般过去时，eyes 复数，were filled。 33. have sent so far “迄今为止”，现在完成时。human beings have sent many machines 人类已经发射很多设备探索火星。 34. exploration space exploration 太空探索。explore 动词 → exploration 名词。 35. myself improve myself 提升自我。反身代词。 Ⅳ. 情境运用（每题 2 分，共 10 分） 考点：现在完成时、特殊疑问句、被动语态、固定句型；答案同义句语法正确即可。 36.（火箭图片） 答句：Yes, I have. I watched it online with my family. ✅问句：Have you ever watched a rocket launch?（你看过火箭发射吗？） 37.（人造卫星图片） 答句：It weighs about 15,550 kilograms.（它重大约 15550 千克） ✅问句：How heavy is the satellite? / What’s the weight of the satellite?（这颗卫星多重？） 38.（宇航服图片） 答句：It is used to protect astronauts from radiation. 它被用来保护宇航员免受辐射。 ✅问句：What is the spacesuit used for?（这套宇航服是用来做什么的？） 39.（空间站睡觉图片） 问句：How do astronauts sleep on the space station? 答句：They sleep in fixed sleepingbags. So they don’t fly away. 翻译：他们睡在固定睡袋里，这样就不会飘走。 40.（太空植物实验图片） 问句：What will astronauts be required to do on the space station? ✅参考答案：They will be required to do plant experiments.（他们被要求做植物实验。） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $