Unit 6 Living History of Culture 讲义2026-2027学年中职英语高教版（第三版）基础模块3

本中职英语讲义以“文化的鲜活历史”为主题，围绕世界文化遗产展开，核心知识点为关系副词when/where/why引导的定语从句。在巩固关系代词基础上，通过文化遗产类核心词汇（如ancient、heritage）、固定搭配（be made of、be regarded as）及语法重难点（关系副词与代词区分、介词+which改写），结合情景交际与读写任务构建完整学习支架。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，以兵马俑、金字塔等文化遗产为语境，通过词形转换表、三步判断法等提升思维品质。分层练习（A/B/C级）与易错点汇总设计，课中辅助教师聚焦重难点教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，如C级微写作任务强化定语从句在文化遗产介绍中的应用。

Unit 6 Living History of Culture · 讲义 Unit 6 Living History of Culture 讲义 00 学习导航 · 重难点总览 本单元以「文化的鲜活历史」为主题，围绕世界文化遗产与古代文明（兵马俑、埃及金字塔、巨石阵等）展开，在巩固一般过去时被动语态的同时，重点学习关系副词 when / where / why 引导的定语从句。下表为本单元的学习目标与重难点一览。 ▍① 单元学习目标 维度 学习目标 语言能力 掌握文化遗产类核心词汇与固定搭配，能读懂并介绍历史古迹。 文化意识 了解中外文化遗产，增强对中华优秀传统文化的认同与自豪。 思维品质 能借助定语从句清晰描述时间、地点与原因，提升表达逻辑。 学习能力 能在语境中归纳关系副词的用法，并迁移到写作与口语中。 ▍② 重点与难点 类型 内容 说明 ★ 重点 核心词汇与短语 ancient, construct, heritage, be made of, be regarded as 等 ★ 重点 关系副词 when / where / why 引导定语从句，分别在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语 ★★ 难点 关系副词与关系代词的区分 判断先行词在从句中作「主语/宾语」还是「状语」 ★★ 难点 介词 + which 的改写 when = in/on which；where = in/at which；why = for which 01 核心词汇精讲 ▍① 文化遗产类核心词（含音标与拓展） 单词 / 音标 词性与词义 搭配与拓展 ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的，古老的 ancient culture / buildings；反义 modern pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/ n. 金字塔 Great Pyramid of Giza 吉萨大金字塔 construct /kənˈstrʌkt/ v. 建造，构筑 construction n.；was constructed（被动） block /blɒk/ n. 石块；街区 stone blocks 石块（百万计） expression /ɪkˈspreʃn/ n. 表情；表达 express v.；facial expression 面部表情 life-sized /ˌlaɪf ˈsaɪzd/ adj. 真人大小的 合成词：life + sized amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/ adv. 惊人地 amaze v. → amazing / amazed adj. exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli/ adv. 精确地；恰好 exact adj.；口语 Exactly! 正是！ heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产，传统 cultural heritage；world heritage site originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ adv. 起初，原本 original adj. 最初的 tomb /tuːm/ n. 坟墓，陵寝 帝王陵墓；final resting place especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其，特别 强调，= particularly attractive /əˈtræktɪv/ adj. 吸引人的 attract v.；be attracted to civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明 Chinese civilization 中华文明 ▍② 重点词汇辨析 辨析点 用法说明 例句 compare with / compare to with「同类相比找异同」；to「异类比作」 compare the Terracotta Army with the Pyramid（对比）；compare life to a journey（比喻） be made of / be made from of 看得出原料；from 看不出原料 The pyramid is made of stone blocks. amazing / amazed amazing「令人惊奇的」（修饰物）；amazed「感到惊奇的」（修饰人） It is amazing. / I was amazed. attractive / interested / interesting attractive「吸引人的」；interested「感兴趣的」（人）；interesting「有趣的」（物） the most attractive place；I'm interested in it ▍③ 词形转换必背表 动词 / 原形 名词 形容词 / 副词 construct construction — express expression expressive amaze amazement amazing / amazed / amazingly attract attraction attractive originate origin original / originally civilize civilization civilized preserve preservation preservative ★ 必背提示：词形转换是词汇填空高频考点 1. -ed 形容词修饰「人」，表示「感到……的」；-ing 形容词修饰「物」，表示「令人……的」。 2. construction / expression / civilization 为不可数名词，注意不加复数或冠词误用。 02 核心短语与固定搭配 短语 释义 例句 / 提示 be made of 由……制成（可见原料） be made from（不可见原料） be regarded as 被看作，被认为是 = be considered as be listed as 被列为 be listed as a world heritage site millions of 数百万的（模糊数量） 前有具体数字时不加 s：two million on the edge of 在……的边缘 on the edge of the desert compare ... with / to 与……相比 / 把……比作 见上辨析 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起…… remind me of my trip to Egypt step into 走进，踏入 step into the museum be interested in 对……感兴趣 I'm interested in Chinese history. have a history of ... years 有……年的历史 more than 3,000 years of history the starting point of ……的起点 the starting point of the Silk Road pass ... down 把……传递下去 pass on our history and values ⚠ 易错点：介词与数量表达 ① millions of 前不加具体数字；有数字时用 two million（无 of、无 s）。 ② be made of ≠ be made from，判断标准：能否看出原材料。 ③ be interested in 中 in 为介词，后接名词 / doing，不接动词原形。 03 核心语法：关系副词引导的定语从句（★★重点 · 难点） 定语从句（Attributive Clause）用一个句子充当定语，修饰前面的名词或代词（先行词）。本单元在上册 who / that / which 等关系代词的基础上，重点学习关系副词 when、where、why——它们在从句中不作主语或宾语，而是作状语。 ▍① 关系副词一览：when / where / why 关系副词 修饰的先行词 在从句中的作用 可替换为 when 表示时间的名词（time, day, year, season…） 时间状语 in / on / during which where 表示地点的名词（place, city, museum…） 地点状语 in / at / to which why 表示原因的名词（reason） 原因状语 for which 教材原句：He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old.（when 修饰 time，在从句中作时间状语） 教材原句：It's the place where I've always wanted to go.（where 修饰 place，作地点状语） 教材原句：Maybe that is the reason why it is listed as the wonder of nature.（why 修饰 reason，作原因状语） ▍② 重难点突破一：关系副词 vs. 关系代词 这是本单元最核心的考点。判断口诀：先看先行词（时间/地点/原因），再看它在从句中充当什么成分。 情况 选用 判断关键 例句 先行词是 time / place / reason 关系代词（which / that / who） 先行词在从句中作「主语或宾语」 This is the place which I visited twice.（visit 缺宾语→which） 先行词是 time / place / reason 关系副词（when / where / why） 先行词在从句中作「状语」 This is the place where I was born.（born 不缺宾→where） ⚠ 易错点：最容易出错的 two 题 I'll never forget the day when / that / which we spent together. → spent 是及物动词，缺宾语，用 which / that，不用 when！ This is the factory where / in which he works. → works 不及物，不缺宾，用 where（= in which）。 ▍③ 重难点突破二：关系副词 = 介词 + which 关系副词 等价形式 示例 when in / on / during which the year when / in which he was born where in / at / to which the city where / in which I grew up why for which the reason why / for which he came 注意：where 对应的介词取决于从句中的搭配（live in a city → in which；go to a place → to which）。考试常考「介词 + which」的选择。 ▍④ 限制性 vs. 非限制性定语从句（复习巩固） 类型 形式 特点 例句 限制性 从句紧跟先行词，无逗号 限定范围，不可省略 The pyramid which lies in Egypt is huge. 非限制性 从句前后有逗号 补充说明，用 which 不用 that The Terracotta Army, which was built 2,000 years ago, is famous. ⚠ 必记规则 ① 非限制性定语从句不能用 that，指物用 which，指人用 who / whom。 ② 关系副词 when / where 引导非限制性从句时，不能用 that 替换。 ▍⑤ 三步判断法（考场通用） ★ 关系词选用三步法 第一步：找先行词——是人、物、时间、地点还是原因？ 第二步：看成分——先行词在从句中作主语/宾语，还是作状语？ 第三步：定关系词——缺主宾用关系代词，作状语用关系副词。 04 情景交际 · Talking about Cultural Sites ▍① 核心句型（描述历史古迹） 功能 句型 例句 描述历史 It has a history of ... years. It has a history of over 2,000 years. 表达地位 It is one of the most attractive places ... one of the most famous ancient wonders 表达兴趣 I'm (especially) interested in ... I'm interested in Chinese history. 提出建议 Why not ...? / How about ...? Why not visit the museum? 补充说明 It's a great place to learn about ... to learn about Chinese history, especially the Tang Dynasty 推测判断 It must be / might be ... It must be the Great Wall. ▍② 完整对话框架（At a Cultural Site） A: Hi, Chen Jie. Where did you go during the holiday? B: I went to Xi'an, a place where I've planned to go for a long time. A: Why are you so interested in this city? B: Well, Xi'an has more than 3,000 years of history. It's the capital city of 13 ancient dynasties, and it's the starting point of the Silk Road — just like a living history book. A: Sounds great! Which place is the most attractive? B: It must be Shaanxi History Museum, which shows about 370,000 cultural objects. If you are interested in the Tang Dynasty, come and experience it by yourself. ★ 亮点句式（写作可迁移） ① ... a place where ...（where 引导的定语从句，修饰 place） ② which 引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明。 ③ be regarded as / be considered as「被认为是……」 05 阅读与写作 ▍① 课文长句拆解与仿写 原句：Like most tourists, the very first destination that I visited in Xi'an was the Terracotta Army. 拆解：that I visited in Xi'an 是限制性定语从句，修饰 destination，that 作 visited 的宾语，可省略。 仿写：The first book that I borrowed from the library was about Chinese history. 原句：The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 拆解：where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 Egypt，在从句中作地点状语。 仿写：I visited Xi'an last summer, where I saw the famous Terracotta Army. ▍② 写作任务：Introduce a Cultural Heritage Site 请以「My Favorite Cultural Site」为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文，介绍一处文化遗产（如兵马俑、故宫、长城、金字塔等），要求至少使用 2 个定语从句。 范文： My favorite cultural site is the Terracotta Army in Xi'an, which is known as the "Eighth Wonder of the World". It was built more than 2,000 years ago, when Qin Shi Huang was the emperor. The museum, where thousands of life-sized warriors are displayed, covers a large area. Each soldier has a different face, and no two are exactly the same, which amazes visitors from all over the world. It is not only a valuable cultural heritage of China but also a symbol of ancient wisdom. I am proud that such a great wonder was created by Chinese people. ▍③ 范文亮点拆解 亮点句型 作用 ... which is known as ... 非限制性定语从句，补充说明 ... when Qin Shi Huang was the emperor when 引导定语从句，修饰 ago（时间） The museum, where ... are displayed where 引导非限制性从句，修饰地点 not only ... but also ... 递进结构，增强表达力 06 高频易错点汇总 类别 易错点 正确用法 词汇 amazing / amazed 混用 修饰物用 amazing，修饰人用 amazed 词汇 compare with / to 混用 同类相比 with，比喻 to 短语 millions of 加具体数字 有数字：two million（无 s、无 of） 短语 be made of / from 看得出原料 of，看不出 from 语法 关系副词 when 与 which 混淆 从句缺宾语用 which/that，不缺宾用 when 语法 非限制性从句用 that 非限制性只用 which / who，不用 that 语法 先行词 reason 后用 which reason 后用 why 或 for which 语法 where 先行词必为地点 where 也可修饰抽象地点（situation, case） 07 分层巩固练习 ▍A 级 · 词汇与短语填空 1. 1. The Great Pyramid is one of the most famous ______ (ancient / modern) buildings in the world. 1. 2. The pyramid is made of millions of huge stone ______ (block). 1. 3. The Terracotta Army is ______ (regard) as one of the greatest wonders. 1. 4. I'm especially ______ (interest) in Chinese history. 1. 5. Xi'an has ______ (million) of tourists every year. ▍B 级 · 单项选择（定语从句） 1. 1. Xi'an is the place ______ I've always wanted to visit. 1. 2. Summer is the season ______ many people go on vacation. 1. 3. That's the reason ______ he was late for school. 1. 4. The museum ______ we visited last week is very famous. 1. 5. I still remember the day ______ we spent together in Xi'an. ▍C 级 · 微写作 请用 3 句话介绍一处你熟悉的文化遗产，要求：① 用上 where 引导的定语从句；② 用上 be regarded as；③ 用上 have a history of ... years。 08 参考答案与解析 ▍A 级 1. ancient（金字塔是古代建筑，反义为 modern，据语境选 ancient） 2. blocks（stone blocks「石块」，millions of 后用复数） 3. regarded（be regarded as「被认为是」，被动语态） 4. interested（be interested in「对……感兴趣」） 5. millions（millions of「数百万的」，模糊数量） ▍B 级 1. that / which（visit 缺宾语，先行词 place，用关系代词） 2. when（先行词 season 表时间，从句不缺主宾，作状语 → when） 3. why / for which（先行词 reason，从句不缺成分 → why） 4. that / which（visit 缺宾语，用关系代词） 5. that / which（spent 缺宾语：spend ... on，用关系代词；不能用 when） ▍C 级 · 参考范文 The Great Wall is a famous cultural site which has a history of over 2,000 years. It is the place where many tourists come to learn about Chinese history. It is regarded as one of the greatest wonders of the world. — — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $