Unit1-3 知识清单2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语上册

2026-09-04
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摘要:

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理新译林七年级上册Units 1–3内容,围绕“问候与自我介绍”“爱好与俱乐部”“我们的学校”三大主题,涵盖词汇用法、句型结构、语法规则及阅读策略等核心知识,搭建从基础词汇积累到情境交际应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“重点词汇加粗”“易混概念对比”“语法规则系统梳理”构建知识体系,如“other与else的位置辨析”“行为动词一般现在时的三单变化规则及句型结构表”,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“情境应用提示”(如电话自我介绍用“This is...”)和“搭配例句”,帮助不同学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于课堂讲解和练习设计,提升教学实效。

内容正文:

新译林七年级上册英语 知识点精编(Units 1–3) Unit 1 This is me!(问候与自我介绍) 一、自我介绍与介绍他人 go by 叫作,被称为。例句:Hello, I’m Wang Xinyue, and I go by Millie. 你好,我叫王欣悦,你们也可以叫我米莉。 / She goes by the name of Lily. 她被称为莉莉。 This is + 某人 介绍他人。介绍自己常用 “I am ...”;介绍别人常用 “This is ...(这是……)”,复数用 “These are ...”。介绍距离较远的人用 “That is / That’s ...(那是……)”,一般不用 “She is ... / He is ...”。打电话介绍自己用 Hello, this is ... speaking. / This is ...(不用 I am ... / My name is ...)。 introduce vt. 介绍。introduction n. 介绍、说明;self-introduction 自我介绍;现在分词 introducing。搭配:introduce oneself 自我介绍;introduce each other 互相介绍;introduce sb./sth. to sb. 把某人/某物介绍给某人。例句:She introduced her sister to me. 她向我介绍了她的妹妹。 二、阅读 · 了解 · 其他 read vt.&vi. 阅读;朗读。过去式、过去分词均为 read(拼写不变,读作 /red/)。reading n. 阅读;reader n. 读者;reading room 阅览室;do some reading 阅读。易混辨析:read 阅读(书、报等);look 看(强调动作);see 看见(强调结果);watch 观看、注视(电视、比赛等,含欣赏意味)。 learn about 得知;了解;获悉。搭配:learn to do sth. 学习做某事;learn from sb. 向某人学习;learn ... by heart 记住/背诵;learn ... by oneself 自学(二者为不同用法,不可混写)。补充:learn a lot from ... 从……学到很多。 other adj.&pron. 其他的,另外的。one ... the other ... 两者中“一个……另一个……”;some ... others ... 一些……,另一些……。辨析:other 泛指“别的、其他的”(可作形容词或代词);others 代词,泛指“其他的人或事物”,后不加名词,相当于 other + 名词复数;another 三者或以上中“另一个”(修饰/代替单数可数名词);the other 特指两者中的另一个,或某一范围内其余的(the other + 复数);the others 特指某一范围内“其余的人或物”(= the other + 名词复数);any other + 单数名词,意为“其他任何……”。 else adv. 其他,另外,还;通常放在疑问词(who, what, which, when, where, how)或不定代词(something, anything, nothing, anyone, everyone)之后。例句:What else can he do? 他还能做什么?与 other(adj.,用在名词前作定语)位置相反。 三、年级与班级 grade n. 年级(可数,复数 grades)。与数字连用时首字母大写,如 Grade 7(七年级)。例句:Welcome to Class 1, Grade 7! 欢迎来到七年级一班!提问用 Which grade are you in? 你在哪个年级? class 用法与 grade 类似:后面的数字可用阿拉伯数字或英文,英文首字母大写;表达“几年级几班”先说班级后说年级,即 Class ..., Grade ...,首字母均大写。提问用 Which class are you in? 例句:—Which class are you in? —I’m in Class Three. 我在3班。 四、问候 · 交友 · 日常表达 how to do sth. 如何做某事,可在句中作宾语、表语、主语。例句:I don’t know how to go there.(作宾语) / How to use the e-dog is our topic today.(作主语) greet vt. 和(某人)打招呼、问候。greeting n. 问候、招呼;greet = say hello to sb.;greet sb. with a nod/kiss 点头/亲吻问候。 祈使句 表示请求、命令、劝告、禁止等,以动词原形开头,通常省去主语 you;为语气委婉可在句首或句末加 please。否定形式在句首/动词原形前加 Don’t。考点:句首有 please,其后用动词原形。 glad adj. 高兴的(= happy,只作表语)。glad to meet/see you 见到你很高兴;be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事;be glad that 从句。辨析:glad 只作表语;happy 可作定语或表语(a happy smile 快活的微笑)。拓展:be + 形容词 + to do 结构中不定式常表原因,如 be sad/glad/excited/surprised/sorry to do sth. too adv. 也(肯定句句末,其前可有逗号);也作“太”修饰形容词/副词(The bag is too small.)。辨析 too / also / either / as well:too 肯定句末(口语);also 肯定句中(be/情态/助动词之后,实义动词之前);either 否定句末;as well 肯定句末(其前无逗号)。 same adj. 同一的,相同的(常作定语,前带 the,后接单数名词)。反义 different;the same as 与……一样;be different from 与……不同。短语:in the same way 同样方式;at the same time 同时;look the same 看起来一样;the same size 一样尺寸。 What about ...? = How about ...? ……怎么样?后接名词、代词或动词 -ing,常用于提建议、征询意见、问天气/身体、寒暄承接。 love vt. 喜爱,热爱(= like ... very much,感情色彩更强)。后接名词、代词、动名词或不定式;love doing sth. 表示习惯动作,love to do sth. 表示特定、偶然的动作。 think of 认为;考虑;想起;想出(主意)。think about 考虑;think over 仔细考虑;think twice 三思而行。What do you think of ...? = How do you like ...? = How do you find ...? 你认为……怎么样?(用于询问看法、态度) different adj. 不同的(反义 same)。difference n. 差异;differently adv. 不同地。different + 复数名词;be different from ... = be not the same as ...;make a difference (to sb./sth.)(对……)有影响、起作用。 share vt. 合用;分享。share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物。例句:It is very kind of sb. to share sth. with sb. 某人把某物与别人分享真是太好了。 补充 · 常见问候语小结: Good morning/afternoon/evening! — How are you? — I’m fine, thank you. And you? — I’m fine too. 初次见面:Nice to meet you! — Nice to meet you too! 告别:See you! / See you later! Unit 2 Hobbies(爱好与俱乐部) Welcome to the unit kind n. 种类:a kind of 一种;all kinds of 各种各样的;different kinds of 不同种类的;many kinds of 许多种类的。adj. 善良的/友好的:be kind to = be good to 对……友好。短语 kind of = a little = a bit 有点儿。例句:I like taking part in all kinds of school clubs in my free time. learn a lot from ... 从……学到很多。learn v. 学习(过去式 learned / learnt);搭配:learn to do sth. 学做某事;learn a lot about sth. 有关……学到很多;learn from sb. 向某人学习;learn about 了解。例句:Mary enjoys reading in her spare time, because she can learn a lot from books. help v./n. 帮助。help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事;help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人;need help 需要帮助。helpful adj. 乐于助人的/有帮助的;helpless adj. 无助的。 keep fit 保持健康(同义 stay/keep healthy)。fit adj. 健康的(= healthy);fit v. 合适(fit sb. well 很适合某人)。例句:The shirt fits me well. 这件衬衫很适合我。 Reading one of ... ……之一,后接名词复数。“最……之一”结构:one of + 最高级 + 名词复数(如 one of the longest rivers)。补充:one of ... 作主语时,谓语动词用单数(One of my friends is a doctor.)。 a fan of ... ……迷。fan n. 粉丝/迷(a fan of football 足球迷);也可指“扇子”(The elephant’s ear looks like a fan.)。 science n. 科学 — scientist n. 科学家。 change v. 改变(change my lifestyle 改变生活方式;change a lot 改变很多);n. 改变/变化(great changes 巨大的变化);n. 零钱(Here’s your change. 这是你的零钱)。 visit v. 参观;拜访(visit sp. 参观某地;visit sb. 拜访某人)。visitor n. 参观者(复数 visitors)。 take apart 拆开(take apart the toys 把玩具拆了)。take 相关短语:take care of 照顾;take out 拿出;take off 脱下/(飞机)起飞;take on 承担;take in 吸收/欺骗;take up 占据;take away 拿走;take down 写下、记下。 learn how they work 了解它们如何工作(how 引导的宾语从句)。例句:I want to know how they finish the task. in one’s free time 在某人有空时(free = available = have time;也可指“免费的” for free / “自由的”)。 find answers to ... 找到……的答案(answer 后用 to,类似 the key to the room)。endless questions 无穷无尽的问题;end v. 结束(end earlier than usual 结束得比平时早;end up doing sth. 以做……结尾);n. 结尾;ending n. 结局(a happy ending 大团圆结局);in the end = at last = finally 最后。 want to do sth. 想要做某事(同义 would like to do sth.;补充 would like sth. 想要某物)。例句:I want to be a singer in the future. 将来我想成为一名歌唱家。 be sure 确信(后接宾语从句);be sure to do sth. 务必/确保做某事(be sure to shut the window 确保关窗)。 come true 实现(常考)。实现梦想三表达:make one’s dream come true = realize one’s dream = achieve one’s dream。 Grammar 行为动词的一般现在时 1. 用法 ①经常性、习惯性、反复发生的动作(常含 often, usually, every day, sometimes, on Sundays 等);②现在的状态、特征及普遍真理、客观事实。 2. 构成 ① be 动词型:主语 + am/is/are + 其他(I am a student. / Now she is a teacher. / They are doctors.);②行为动词型:非三单主语 + 动词原形;三单主语 + 动词三单形式。 3. 第三人称单数变化规则 一般加 -s(cook→cooks, write→writes);以 -s, -o, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾加 -es(cross→crosses, go→goes, fix→fixes, teach→teaches, wash→washes);辅音字母 + y 结尾变 y 为 -ies(study→studies, fly→flies);元音字母 + y 结尾加 -s(buy→buys, enjoy→enjoys, play→plays)。 4. 句型结构 肯定:I am a teacher. / She is a teacher. / They play many games every day. / He plays many games every day. 否定:I am not ... / She isn’t ... / They don’t play ... / He doesn’t play ...。 一般疑问:Are you ...? —Yes, I am. / Is she ...? —Yes, she is. / Do they play ...? —Yes, they do. / Does he play ...? —Yes, he does. 特殊疑问:What are you? / What is she? / What do they do every day? / What does he do every day? Integration in all 总共。all 短语:all the time 一直;after all 毕竟;above all 重要的是;first of all 首先;not ... at all 一点也不。club n. 俱乐部(join the club 加入俱乐部);member n. 成员(a member of ...)。补充 join 与 take part in 辨析:join 加入某组织/团体并成为成员(join the school club);take part in 参加活动/会议等(take part in the sports meeting)。 make 使……;制作。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事;make sb. not do sth. 使某人不做某事;make a kite 制作风筝;be made of(看得出原材料)/ from(看不出)。feel、sound 等感官系动词后接形容词构成系表结构;常见系动词:be;become/turn/go(变得);keep(保持);feel/sound/taste/look/smell(感官)。 plan v. 计划;n. 计划。plan to do sth. 计划做某事;make a plan 制定计划;现在分词 planning(双写 n)。 both 两者都。both of us 我们两个都;both A and B A 和 B 都;either 两者之一;neither 两者都不;all 三者及以上。have a great/good time (in) doing sth. 玩得开心(= have fun (in) doing = enjoy oneself)。 role model 楷模;行为榜样。role n. 角色(play a role in ... 在……中起作用)。design v./n. 设计(designer 设计者;design ... for ...;be designed for ...)。painting skill 绘画技能(Chinese painting 中国画;writing skill 写作技能)。 share / fun / art share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物。fun n. 趣事(不可数);funny adj. 滑稽的;It’s fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣。art n. 艺术/美术;artist n. 艺术家。 hope v. 希望。hope + 从句(I hope (that) my dream can come true.);hope to do sth.(I hope to become an artist.);注意:无 hope sb. to do sth. 这种错误用法。常用交际语:I hope so. / I hope not. Unit 3 Welcome to our school(我们的学校) Welcome to the unit modern adj. 现代化的(modern building 现代化大楼)。 library n. 图书馆(复数 libraries)。 best adj. 最好的(good—better—best)。最高级前一般加 the(the best student);人称代词所有格后不加(my best friend)。the best way to do sth. 做某事最好的方式。 as well 也(用于肯定句末尾)。too / also / either 的用法见 Unit 1 相关条目。 Reading the perfect place (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事的好地方。 enjoy / spend enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事;enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得开心。spend v. 花费(时间/金钱),主语一般是人,过去式/分词 spent;sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. / (in) doing sth. “花费”四词辨析:take(It takes sb. some time to do,主语是物);cost(主语是物,花钱);pay(主语是人,花钱,pay ... for);spend(主语是人,花时间/钱)。 chat v. 聊天(chat with sb. about sth.;易错 -ing 为 chatting);n. 聊天(have a chat with sb.)。see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做(常考);see sb. do sth. 看见某人经常做/做过某事;类似用法的词还有 hear / notice / watch。 exciting / excited exciting 令人兴奋的(修饰事物);excited(感到)兴奋的(修饰人);excitement n. 兴奋。be excited about ... 对……感到兴奋;It is exciting for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是令人兴奋的。 take place 发生(按计划或安排发生,无进行时、无被动语态)= happen(偶然发生)。 news n. 消息;新闻(不可数,a piece of news 一则消息);newspaper 报纸。初中常见不可数名词:information 信息;advice 建议;news 消息;weather 天气;traffic 交通 等。 show v. 给……看(show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.;show sb. how to do sth. 展示给某人如何做;show sb. the way 指路;show sb. around sp. 带领某人参观)。n. 演出/展览(on show 展出;fashion show 时装秀;put on a show 上演节目)。 Integration space n. 可数:大片空地(green spaces 绿地)。不可数:空间(= room;make room for 腾出空间;take up space 占据空间)。不可数:太空(in space 在太空中;space station 太空站)。 teach v. 教(过去式 taught)。teach + 学科;teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.;teach sb. to do sth.;teach oneself = learn ... by oneself 自学;teach sb. a lesson 给某人一个教训。 with 有;和;用;表伴随。a house with a garden 有花园的房子;cut the fruit with a knife 用刀切水果;sleep with eyes open 睁着眼睛睡觉;chat with my friends 和朋友聊天。with the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人帮助下;help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人。就远原则:with 复合结构作主语时,谓语与前面的名词一致(He with his parents is playing football now.)。 lots of / different subjects / thousand / at a time lots of = a lot of,可修饰可数或不可数名词。different subjects 不同学科(subject 还可指“主题”);be different from 与……不同。thousand 千:thousands of 成千上万;具体数字 + thousand(无 s 无 of);同理 hundred / million。at a time 每次。time 短语:all the time 总是;on time 准时;in time 及时;from time to time = at times = sometimes 有时;at the same time 同时。补充 borrow 与 lend 辨析:borrow 借入(borrow ... from ...);lend 借出(lend ... to ...)。例:You can borrow three books at a time. on the top floor 在顶楼。top 顶层/顶尖;top student 尖子生;on the top of 在……顶端。there be 句型表示“有”,谓语遵循就近原则(由离 be 最近的主语决定)。 use / help use v. 使用(use ... to do sth.);useful adj. 有用的;useless adj. 无用的。help v./n. 帮助(help sb. with sth.;help sb. (to) do sth.;helpful 乐于助人的;helpless 无助的)。 a perfect place to do sth. 做某事的好地方(同“the perfect place (for sb.) to do sth.”)。quiet / quite 辨析:quiet adj. 安静的(keep quiet;quietly adv. 安静地);quite adv. 相当、非常(quite tall 非常高)。 kind / care about kind adj. 友好的/善良的(be kind to sb.;kindness n. 善意);n. 种类(见 Unit 2)。care about 关心;care v./n. 关心、在乎;careful adj. 认真的/仔细的;careless adj. 粗心的。补充 care for 照顾(= look after)/ 喜欢。 be like / look like be like 询问性格、品质(What is he like? — He is friendly and helpful.);look like 询问外貌(What does he look like? — He has short hair and big eyes.)。What do you think of ...? = How do you like/find ...? 询问评价(详见 Unit 1)。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit1-3 知识清单2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语上册
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Unit1-3 知识清单2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语上册
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Unit1-3 知识清单2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语上册
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