专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句(讲义)2027年四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》(原卷版+解析版)

2026-09-04
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编写说明:【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练,在编写中融入支架式教学理念,紧扣教材,将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单,以讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础,再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强,实操性好,为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径,高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》的第12个专题,内容为宾语从句、主语从句。 【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》 专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句 复习讲义 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 宾语从句 即时训练 考点2 主语从句 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 1. 基础用法辨析(从句识别、引导词分类、语序时态):熟练掌握 2. 引导词辨析(连接代词、连接副词功能差异):熟练运用 3. 易混点辨析(that/if/whether、形式主宾语区分):熟练辨析 4. 特殊规则辨析(宾语从句否定转移、主从句主谓一致):熟练辨析 5. 语境解题逻辑(判从句类型,匹配对应引导词):重点突破 【考点1 宾语从句】 是指在复合句中起宾语作用的从句,常跟在动词、介词或部分形容词之后。 e.g. I hope that you can join us in the game. 我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。 I am interested in what she is doing. 我对她所做的事很感兴趣。 I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 抱歉我打扰您这么久。 (1)引导词 ①从句为陈述句,用that,可省略。 e.g. Mike believes (that) he will win the first in the English test. 迈克相信他会在英语测试中获得第一名。 I don't think (that) it is right for him to treat you like that. 我认为他像那样对待你是不正确的。 ②从句为特殊疑问句,用疑问词,不能省略。 e.g. Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?你能告诉我你在等谁吗? I don't know what they are looking for. 我不知道他们在找什么。 ③从句为一般疑问句,用 if 或 whether,不能省略。 e.g. I wonder whether/if they will come to our party. 我想知道他们是否会来参加我们的聚会。 注意: 一般来说,在宾语从句中whether 与 if 可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if 与 whether是不能互换的。只能用whether,不能用 if 引导宾语从句的情况: · 在带to的不定式前。 e.g. We haven’t decided whether to walk there. 我们还没有决定是否步行去那里。 · 在介词的后面。 e.g. I’m thinking about whether we should go to see the film. 我在考虑我们是否应该去看电影。 · 在discuss、decide等动词后时。 e.g. We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 我们讨论了下周是否开运动会。 · 与or not连用时。 e.g. Let me know whether you can come or not. 让我知道你是否能来。 (2)语序:连接词后为陈述句语序。 e.g. Can you tell me when the train will leave?你能告诉我火车什么时候离开吗? (3)时态:主现从不限,主过从必过,真理永一现。 ①主句为一般现在时态,从句按需要使用任何时态。(主现从不限) ②主句为一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去时态。(主过从必过) ③但从句若为客观真理或事实时,要用一般现在时态。(真理永一现) e.g. I hope we're doing the right thing. 我希望我们正在做的事是对的。 She told us that the bus had left. 她告诉我们公共汽车已经离开了。 The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east. 老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。 (4) it 作形式宾语。 常用于动词think、make、find、consider、feel、suppose、believe等之后。 其句型结构为:主语+及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句。 e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. 他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。 She made it clear that she was not coming. 她明确表示她不来。 【即时训练】 1. Nobody knows he will pass the exam. A.who B.what C.that D.whether 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词辨析。who 指人,what 指事物,that 引导陈述含义从句无词义;whether 意为 “是否”。句意为 “没人知道他是否会通过考试”,表达疑问含义 “是否”。故选 D。 2. He asked me I would like to go with him. A.that B.if C.what D.when 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词辨析。that 引导陈述句从句;if 表 “是否”;what 在从句充当主语 / 宾语;when 表时间。句意:他问我是否愿意和他一起去,此处表达 “是否”。故选 B。 3. She said that she the book before. A.has read B.had read C.reads D.read 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句时态规则 “主过从必过”。主句谓语 said 为一般过去时;before 表示 “在(said)之前”,是 “过去的过去”,从句要使用过去完成时 had read。故选 B。 4. I don't remember her. A. where did I meet B. where I did meet C. where met I D. where I met 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句陈述语序。宾语从句必须使用 “引导词 + 主语 + 谓语” 陈述句语序,不能用疑问倒装语序。A、C 是疑问语序,B 句式错误。句意:我不记得我在哪里见过她。故选 D。 5. She spoke so fast that none of us understood she said. A.that B.what C.who D.which 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句连接代词。what 在从句内作 said 的宾语,表示 “…… 的内容”;that 不作成分;who 指人;which 表选择。句意:她说得太快,我们没人听懂她说的内容。故选 B。 6. Can you tell me the nearest hospital is? A.where B.when C.why D.how 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句连接副词。where 表地点;when 表时间;why 表原因;how 表方式。句意为:你能告诉我最近的医院在哪里吗,询问地点。故选 A。 7. I don't know . A.what will he do B. when he will come C.where is he going D. if or not he will come 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句语序与 whether/if 区别。宾语从句用陈述语序,A、C 为疑问语序;if 不能搭配 or not,要用 whether or not,D 错误;B 为正确陈述语序。故选 B。 8. My neighbor asked me or not I heard the loud noise last night. A.whether B.if C.what D.where 【答案】A 【详解】考查宾语从句 whether 与 if 辨析。固定搭配whether …or not,if 不能和 or not 连用;what、where 语义不通。句意:我的邻居问我昨晚是否听到巨大的噪音。故选 A。 9. - Can you tell me ? - Last week. A. when will he buy the new bike B. when he will buy the new bike C.when did he buy the new bike D.when he bought the new bike 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句语序 + 时态。答句 Last week 是过去时间,从句用一般过去时;宾语从句要用陈述语序,A、C 为疑问语序;B 时态是将来时,和答语时间不匹配。故选 D。 10. He said he the museum the next day. A. will visit B. would visit C. visited D.had visited 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句时态 “主过从必过”。主句 said 为一般过去时;the next day 表示从过去视角看的 “第二天”,过去将来时 would visit。故选 B。 【考点2 主语从句】 是指在复合句中作主语的名词性从句。主语从句主要有以下三类: (1)由连词that、if、whether引导的主语从句。 e.g. That you will win the game seems unlikely. 你赢得比赛看起来是不可能的。 Whether she will come is unknown. 她是否来还没人知道。 注意:主语从句前置时不可用 if 引导,只能用whether。 (2)由连接代词what、which、who、whom、whose等引导的主语从句,这些连接代词充当从句的主语、宾语、定语或表语。 e.g. What you need is more practice. 你所需要的是更多的训练。(What作need的宾语) Whatever we do is to serve the people. 我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。(Whatever作do的宾语) Whose books they are is not important. 它们是谁的书不重要。(Whose作books的定语) (3)由连接副词when、where、why、how等引导的主语从句,这些连接副词充当从句的时间、地点、原因、方式状语。 e.g. Where and when he did this is quite clear. 很清楚他是在何时何地做的这事。 注意:主语从句可以直接放在主语位置上,也可以用it作形式主语,将从句放在句末,以保持句子的平衡。 e.g. That light travels in straight lines is known to all. = It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. 光沿直线传播,这是众所周知的事。 it 作形式主语的几种常用句型: (1) It is+名词十从句。 It is a fact that...事实是······ It is good news that...······是好消息 It is a question that...······是个问题 It is common knowledge that...······是常识 类似的名词(词组)还有a pity、a wonder、a good thing、no wonder、surprise等。 e.g. It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。 (2) It is+形容词+从句。 It is necessary that...有必要······ It is clear that...很清楚······ It is likely that...很可能······ It is important that...重要的是······ 类似的形容词还有strange、true、good、wonderful、possible、doubtful、uncertain、obvious等。 e.g. It is uncertain whether / if she will be able to come. 还不确定她是否能来。(主语从句后置时可用if引导) (3) It is十过去分词一从句。 It is said that...据说······ It is reported that...据报道······ It has been proved that...已证明······ It is believed that...人们相信······ 类似的过去分词还有known、expected、thought、hoped、noted、discussed、required、decided、suggested、demanded、made等。 e.g. It is thought that Li Ming is one of the best players in this field. 大家都认为李明是这个领域最好的运动员之一。 It is said that they have realized their wishes. 据说他们实现了他们的愿望。 (4) It+不及物动词+从句。 It seems that...好像是······ It happened that...碰巧······ 类似的不及物动词还有appear、follow、turn out等。 e.g. It happened that I saw him yesterday. 碰巧我昨天看见他了。 It turns out that all the tickets have been sold out. 结果是所有的票都卖完了。 注意:It is...that...主语从句和强调句的区别: 强调句:以 It is / was为引导词,通过that / who连接被强调成分和其他部分。去掉这些部分后,句子仍然完整。 主语从句:位于句首或用 “it” 作形式主语放句末,包含完整的主谓结构。去掉引导词后,句子通常不完整。 如: 强调句:It is John that broke the window.→John broke the window. (去掉“It is...that”句子仍然完整) 是约翰打破了窗户。 主语从句:It was a pity that you didn't take part in the party. (去掉“It was...that”句子不完整) 很遗憾你没有参加派对。 【即时训练】 1. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present. A. What B. That C. Where D. Whether 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。what 在主语从句中作 said 的宾语,表示 “…… 所说的话”;that 不充当从句成分;where 作地点状语;whether 表 “是否”。句意:他在会上所说的话使在场所有人都很惊讶。故选 A。 2. is known to us is that the earth is round. A. What B. That C. Which D. As 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句连接代词。本句为主语从句嵌套表语从句,what 在主语从句内部作主语,意为 “…… 的事情”;that 不充当成分;which 表选择;as 引导非限制性定语从句,不能引导主语从句。句意:我们都知道的一件事是地球是圆的。故选 A。 3. he will come or not is still unknown. A. That B. What C. If D. Whether 【答案】D 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。主语从句置于句首表达 “是否”,只能用 whether,不能用 if;whether 可搭配 or not。that 无词义;what 要在从句充当主宾成分。故选 D。 4. caused the accident has not been found out yet. A. What B. Which C. The thing D. That 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。what 在从句中作主语,表示 “是什么事物”;that 不作成分;which 表选择;The thing 不能直接引导从句。句意:是什么造成了这场事故还没有查明。故选 A。 5. the teacher said was very important. A. What B. That C. Which D. When 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句连接代词。what 在从句中作 said 的宾语,指代 “老师说的话”;that 不作成分;which 表选择;when 作时间状语。故选 A。 6. you don't like her is none of my business. A. Whether B. That C. If D. What 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句 that 引导陈述句。that 引导主语从句,无词义、不作成分,只起连接作用;whether/if 表是否;what 需要在从句充当成分。句意:你不喜欢她这件事与我无关。故选 B。 7. We believe you have been devoted to naturally of great necessity. A. that; being B. all that; be C. that all; are D. what; is 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句嵌套主语从句。believe 后接宾语从句;宾语从句内部,what 引导主语从句,what 在从句作 devoted to 的宾语;整个主语从句作主语,谓语动词用单数 is。句意:我们相信你所投身的事情自然而然非常有必要。故选 D。 (四川省2024年高职单招)I don’t think _________ possible to master a foreign language without much practice. A. this B. that C. so D. it 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句 it 作形式宾语。句型:think + it + 形容词 +(真正宾语),it 为形式宾语,真正宾语是后面不定式 to master…;this、that 不能充当形式宾语。故选 D。 (四川省2023年高职单招)________ she was invited to the party made her very happy. A. When B. Because C. What D. That 【答案】D 【详解】考查 that 引导主语从句。that 引导主语从句,不作句子成分,仅起连接;when 表时间;because 引导原因状语从句;what 需要在从句充当主 / 宾。句意:她被邀请参加派对这件事让她非常开心。故选 D。 (四川省2022年高职单招)Do you know that ________ Xizang? A. does he go to B. has he gone to C. he goes to D. he’s gone to 【答案】D 【详解】考查宾语从句语序与时态。宾语从句使用陈述语序,A、B 是疑问倒装语序;has gone to 表示 “已经去了某地(尚未返回)”;C 一般现在时语义不通。句意:你知道他已经去西藏了吗。故选 D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 编写说明:【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》内含复习讲义、复习课件、专项训练、综合训练,在编写中融入支架式教学理念,紧扣教材,将知识拆解整合为体系化专题清单,以讲解搭配知识再现型练习筑牢基础,再通过分层专项训练、综合进阶训练实现知识巩固与能力提升。针对性强,实操性好,为一轮复习搭建从知识梳理到能力突破的完整进阶路径,高效赋能备考提分。 本专题是【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》的第12个专题,内容为宾语从句、主语从句。 【2027版】四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》 专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句 复习讲义 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 宾语从句 即时训练 考点2 主语从句 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 【复习目标】 1. 基础用法辨析(从句识别、引导词分类、语序时态):熟练掌握 2. 引导词辨析(连接代词、连接副词功能差异):熟练运用 3. 易混点辨析(that/if/whether、形式主宾语区分):熟练辨析 4. 特殊规则辨析(宾语从句否定转移、主从句主谓一致):熟练辨析 5. 语境解题逻辑(判从句类型,匹配对应引导词):重点突破 【考点1 宾语从句】 是指在复合句中起宾语作用的从句,常跟在动词、介词或部分形容词之后。 e.g. I hope that you can join us in the game. 我希望你能和我们一起参加这场比赛。 I am interested in what she is doing. 我对她所做的事很感兴趣。 I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 抱歉我打扰您这么久。 (1)引导词 ①从句为陈述句,用that,可省略。 e.g. Mike believes (that) he will win the first in the English test. 迈克相信他会在英语测试中获得第一名。 I don't think (that) it is right for him to treat you like that. 我认为他像那样对待你是不正确的。 ②从句为特殊疑问句,用疑问词,不能省略。 e.g. Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?你能告诉我你在等谁吗? I don't know what they are looking for. 我不知道他们在找什么。 ③从句为一般疑问句,用 if 或 whether,不能省略。 e.g. I wonder whether/if they will come to our party. 我想知道他们是否会来参加我们的聚会。 注意: 一般来说,在宾语从句中whether 与 if 可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if 与 whether是不能互换的。只能用whether,不能用 if 引导宾语从句的情况: · 在带to的不定式前。 e.g. We haven’t decided whether to walk there. 我们还没有决定是否步行去那里。 · 在介词的后面。 e.g. I’m thinking about whether we should go to see the film. 我在考虑我们是否应该去看电影。 · 在discuss、decide等动词后时。 e.g. We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week. 我们讨论了下周是否开运动会。 · 与or not连用时。 e.g. Let me know whether you can come or not. 让我知道你是否能来。 (2)语序:连接词后为陈述句语序。 e.g. Can you tell me when the train will leave?你能告诉我火车什么时候离开吗? (3)时态:主现从不限,主过从必过,真理永一现。 ①主句为一般现在时态,从句按需要使用任何时态。(主现从不限) ②主句为一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去时态。(主过从必过) ③但从句若为客观真理或事实时,要用一般现在时态。(真理永一现) e.g. I hope we're doing the right thing. 我希望我们正在做的事是对的。 She told us that the bus had left. 她告诉我们公共汽车已经离开了。 The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east. 老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。 (4) it 作形式宾语。 常用于动词think、make、find、consider、feel、suppose、believe等之后。 其句型结构为:主语+及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句。 e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. 他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。 She made it clear that she was not coming. 她明确表示她不来。 【即时训练】 1. Nobody knows he will pass the exam. A.who B.what C.that D.whether 2. He asked me I would like to go with him. A.that B.if C.what D.when 3. She said that she the book before. A.has read B.had read C.reads D.read 4. I don't remember her. A. where did I meet B. where I did meet C. where met I D. where I met 5. She spoke so fast that none of us understood she said. A.that B.what C.who D.which 6. Can you tell me the nearest hospital is? A.where B.when C.why D.how 7. I don't know . A.what will he do B. when he will come C.where is he going D. if or not he will come 8. My neighbor asked me or not I heard the loud noise last night. A.whether B.if C.what D.where 9. - Can you tell me ? - Last week. A. when will he buy the new bike B. when he will buy the new bike C.when did he buy the new bike D.when he bought the new bike 10. He said he the museum the next day. A. will visit B. would visit C. visited D.had visited 【考点2 主语从句】 是指在复合句中作主语的名词性从句。主语从句主要有以下三类: (1)由连词that、if、whether引导的主语从句。 e.g. That you will win the game seems unlikely. 你赢得比赛看起来是不可能的。 Whether she will come is unknown. 她是否来还没人知道。 注意:主语从句前置时不可用 if 引导,只能用whether。 (2)由连接代词what、which、who、whom、whose等引导的主语从句,这些连接代词充当从句的主语、宾语、定语或表语。 e.g. What you need is more practice. 你所需要的是更多的训练。(What作need的宾语) Whatever we do is to serve the people. 我们无论做什么都是为人民服务。(Whatever作do的宾语) Whose books they are is not important. 它们是谁的书不重要。(Whose作books的定语) (3)由连接副词when、where、why、how等引导的主语从句,这些连接副词充当从句的时间、地点、原因、方式状语。 e.g. Where and when he did this is quite clear. 很清楚他是在何时何地做的这事。 注意:主语从句可以直接放在主语位置上,也可以用it作形式主语,将从句放在句末,以保持句子的平衡。 e.g. That light travels in straight lines is known to all. = It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. 光沿直线传播,这是众所周知的事。 it 作形式主语的几种常用句型: (1) It is+名词十从句。 It is a fact that...事实是······ It is good news that...······是好消息 It is a question that...······是个问题 It is common knowledge that...······是常识 类似的名词(词组)还有a pity、a wonder、a good thing、no wonder、surprise等。 e.g. It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。 (2) It is+形容词+从句。 It is necessary that...有必要······ It is clear that...很清楚······ It is likely that...很可能······ It is important that...重要的是······ 类似的形容词还有strange、true、good、wonderful、possible、doubtful、uncertain、obvious等。 e.g. It is uncertain whether / if she will be able to come. 还不确定她是否能来。(主语从句后置时可用if引导) (3) It is十过去分词一从句。 It is said that...据说······ It is reported that...据报道······ It has been proved that...已证明······ It is believed that...人们相信······ 类似的过去分词还有known、expected、thought、hoped、noted、discussed、required、decided、suggested、demanded、made等。 e.g. It is thought that Li Ming is one of the best players in this field. 大家都认为李明是这个领域最好的运动员之一。 It is said that they have realized their wishes. 据说他们实现了他们的愿望。 (4) It+不及物动词+从句。 It seems that...好像是······ It happened that...碰巧······ 类似的不及物动词还有appear、follow、turn out等。 e.g. It happened that I saw him yesterday. 碰巧我昨天看见他了。 It turns out that all the tickets have been sold out. 结果是所有的票都卖完了。 注意:It is...that...主语从句和强调句的区别: 强调句:以 It is / was为引导词,通过that / who连接被强调成分和其他部分。去掉这些部分后,句子仍然完整。 主语从句:位于句首或用 “it” 作形式主语放句末,包含完整的主谓结构。去掉引导词后,句子通常不完整。 如: 强调句:It is John that broke the window.→John broke the window. (去掉“It is...that”句子仍然完整) 是约翰打破了窗户。 主语从句:It was a pity that you didn't take part in the party. (去掉“It was...that”句子不完整) 很遗憾你没有参加派对。 【即时训练】 1. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present. A. What B. That C. Where D. Whether 2. is known to us is that the earth is round. A. What B. That C. Which D. As 3. he will come or not is still unknown. A. That B. What C. If D. Whether 4. caused the accident has not been found out yet. A. What B. Which C. The thing D. That 5. the teacher said was very important. A. What B. That C. Which D. When 6. you don't like her is none of my business. A. Whether B. That C. If D. What 7. We believe you have been devoted to naturally of great necessity. A. that; being B. all that; be C. that all; are D. what; is (四川省2024年高职单招)I don’t think _________ possible to master a foreign language without much practice. A. this B. that C. so D. it (四川省2023年高职单招)________ she was invited to the party made her very happy. A. When B. Because C. What D. That (四川省2022年高职单招)Do you know that ________ Xizang? A. does he go to B. has he gone to C. he goes to D. he’s gone to 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句(讲义)2027年四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》(原卷版+解析版)
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专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句(讲义)2027年四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》(原卷版+解析版)
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专题 12 宾语从句、主语从句(讲义)2027年四川省(高职单招)《英语一轮讲练测》(原卷版+解析版)
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