Unit 8 Green Earth 讲义2026-2027学年中职英语高教版（第三版）基础模块2

本讲义围绕“绿色地球”主题，系统梳理环保话题核心词汇（环境与污染类、环保行动类及深度辨析）、固定短语（如3R原则、protect...from等）及强调句语法（基本结构、连接词选用、时态一致、特殊句式及与定语从句辨析），构建从词汇短语到语法应用再到情景交际、阅读写作的完整学习支架。 该资料以核心素养为导向，语言能力上通过词汇例句拓展和语法对比表格提升理解表达，文化意识上融入中外环保理念差异培养绿色生活意识，思维品质上强调句与定语从句辨析训练逻辑思维。课中助力教师系统授课，课后分层巩固练习和高频易错点汇总帮助学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习效率。

中职英语基础模块 2 · Unit 8 Green Earth Unit 8 Green Earth 讲义 绿色地球 · 语法聚焦：强调句（It is / was ... that ...） 00 学习导航 · 重难点总览 ▍四维学习目标 掌握环境、污染、保护、环保行动相关词汇；能听懂、说出并读懂关于环境保护的简单对话和短文。 了解中外环保理念与行动的差异，树立节约资源、保护环境的绿色生活意识。 能在阅读中提取关键信息，借助强调句突出句子重点，增强表达的逻辑性与说服力。 运用强调句改写句子、突出核心信息，用英语简单谈论环保话题并表达观点。 ▍重点与难点一览 类型 内容 说明 ★重点 环保话题词汇、短语 本单元听说读写的核心材料 ★重点 It is / was ... that ... 强调句基本结构 识别并正确使用强调句 ★★难点 强调句的句式转换与易错点 与定语从句 that 混淆，需重点辨析 ★★难点 强调句的特殊句式 强调谓语、not...until、强调问句等 01 核心词汇精讲 ▍环境与污染类（含音标） 单词 / 音标 词性与词义 例句 / 拓展 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 protect the environment 保护环境 pollution /pəˈluːʃn/ n. 污染 air / water / noise pollution pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染 Factories pollute the river. earth /ɜːθ/ n. 地球 on the earth / save the earth nature /ˈneɪtʃə/ n. 自然 in nature / natural adj. 自然的 energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源；精力 clean / renewable energy waste /weɪst/ n. & v. 浪费；废物 a waste of / waste water rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ n. 垃圾（BrE） = garbage / trash（AmE） ▍环保行动类 单词 / 音标 词性与词义 例句 / 拓展 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 protect ... from / against ... reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 reduce, reuse, recycle（3R） reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再利用 reuse plastic bags recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收 recyclable adj. 可回收的 save /seɪv/ v. 节约；拯救 save energy / water / electricity sort /sɔːt/ v. 分类 sort rubbish / garbage sorting plant /plɑːnt/ v. & n. 种植；植物 plant trees destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 破坏 destruction n. / destructive adj. ▍重点词汇深度辨析 1. 辨析要点见下表： 辨析组 说明 例句 pollution / pollute pollution 为名词；pollute 为动词 noise pollution; cars pollute air rubbish / garbage 均指垃圾；rubbish 英式，garbage / trash 美式 throw away the rubbish protect / save protect 侧重保护（免受伤害）；save 侧重节约 / 拯救 protect the earth; save electricity reduce / reuse / recycle 合称 3R：减量化、再利用、再循环 the 3Rs of recycling pollute → pollution（n.）→ polluted（adj. 被污染的） environment → environmental（adj. 环境的） nature → natural（adj. 自然的）→ naturally（adv.） destruct → destroy（v.）→ destruction（n.） electric → electricity（n. 电）→ electronic（adj. 电子的） 02 核心短语与固定搭配 短语 含义 短语 含义 protect ... from 保护……免受 save energy 节约能源 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut down on 减少（用量） throw away 扔掉；丢弃 pick up 捡起；搭载 turn off 关掉（水电等） turn on 打开 take part in 参加 join in 加入（活动） care about 关心；在意 care for 照顾；喜爱 be good for 对……有益 be bad for 对……有害 make a difference 有影响；起作用 make full use of 充分利用 in order to 为了 so as to 为了（后接动词） instead of 代替；而不是 rather than 而不是 play a part / role in 在……中起作用 pay attention to 注意 a number of 许多（修饰可数复） the number of ……的数量 protect ... from（保护免受） vs protect ... against：用法相近，但 from 更常用。 a number of（许多，谓语用复数） vs the number of（……的数量，谓语用单数）—— 高频易混。 turn off（关）vs turn on（开）：接 water / light / electricity 等。 cut down（砍倒树木）vs cut down on（减少用量）：介词 on 不可省。 03 核心语法：强调句（It is / was ... that ...） 强调句（the emphatic sentence）用于突出句子中的某一成分（主语、宾语、状语等）。英语中最常见的是 It is / was ... that / who ... 结构。强调句是中高职英语的高频考点，也是书面表达中增强语气的利器。 ▍一、基本结构 强调成分 结构 原句 → 强调句 强调主语 It is / was + 主语 + that / who ... Tom broke the window. → It was Tom that broke the window. 强调宾语 It is / was + 宾语 + that ... I need water. → It is water that I need. 强调状语 It is / was + 状语 + that ... I met him yesterday. → It was yesterday that I met him. 强调地点 It is / was + 地点 + that ... We first met here. → It was here that we first met. 把 It is / was ... that ... 去掉后，若剩下的部分能还原成完整句子 → 强调句；若不能 → 多为定语从句。 例：It was Tom that broke the window. 去掉后 → Was Tom broke the window? 语序需调整（Tom broke the window）✓ → 强调句。 例：It is a book that I like. 去掉后 → Is a book I like? 不完整 → 定语从句（that 作宾语）。 ▍二、that / who / whom 的选用 情况 连接词 强调主语（人） that / who 均可：It was Tom who / that helped me. 强调主语（物 / 一切） 只能用 that：It is money that matters. 强调宾语 / 状语（任何情况） 只能用 that，不能用 which / when / where：It was in 2020 that ... 强调人（口语，主语） who 较常见，但 that 永远正确、最保险 强调时间、地点、原因等状语时，不能用 when / where / why，一律用 that。 ❌ It was 2020 when I graduated. → ✅ It was 2020 that I graduated.（强调时间状语） ❌ It is here where we first met. → ✅ It is here that we first met.（强调地点状语） ▍三、人称与时态一致 原句时态 强调句 be 动词 例句 一般现在时 It is ... that ... It is I who am right. 一般过去时 It was ... that ... It was Tom that told me. 其他时态 is / was 不变，其余部分用完整形式 It is because he is ill that he is absent. 强调句不用 am / are / were / will be 等。无论原句多复杂，be 永远用 is（现在）或 was（过去）。 ❌ It are trees that clean the air. → ✅ It is trees that clean the air. ▍四、强调句的特殊句式（难点） 特殊句式 结构 例句 强调谓语 do / does / did + 动词原形 I do hope you can come. 强调 not...until It is / was not until ... that ... It was not until he came that I left. 强调疑问句 把 is / was 提前：Is / Was it ... that ...? Was it Tom that broke it? 强调感叹 What / How ... it is (that) ...! What a day it was! 原句：I didn't know the truth until he told me. 第一步：把 not until 提到 It was 之后 → It was not until ... 第二步：原句谓语还原为肯定（didn't know → knew）→ that I knew the truth. 结果：It was not until he told me that I knew the truth.（that 后语序正常，不用倒装） ▍五、强调句与相似结构的辨析（★★ 必背考点） 对比项 强调句 定语从句 / 其他 形式 It is / was ... that ... It is + n. + that 从句（主语从句等） 去掉 It is ... that 剩下可还原为完整句 剩下不完整 / 是主语从句 that 作用 只起强调作用，不作成分 在从句中作成分（主 / 宾 / 表） 例句 It is he that is right.（强调主语） It is true that he is right.（主语从句） 第一步：看是否有 It is / was ... that ... 框架； 第二步：去掉框架，剩余部分能否直接成句（调整语序即可）→ 能 = 强调句； 第三步：强调成分用 that（状语一律 that，人可用 who），注意 be 只用 is / was。 04 情景交际 · 谈论环保与提出建议 ▍核心句型（建议、劝告、表达观点） 功能 句型 谈论环境问题 The earth / environment is in danger. / Pollution is getting worse. 表达建议 We should / had better protect the environment. 提具体做法 Why not plant more trees? / How about recycling? 表达重要性 It is important to save energy. 强调行动 It is everyone who can make a difference. 同意 / 补充 That's a good idea. / I agree. / Let's take action now. A: The earth is in danger. What should we do to protect the environment? B: We should reduce pollution. It is important to save energy and water. A: I agree. It was my mother who first taught me to turn off the lights. B: Good point! Why not start recycling and planting trees this weekend? A: That's a great idea. Let's take action together! 05 阅读与写作 ▍长句拆解仿写 原句：It is everyone's duty to protect the earth, so we should take action right now. 1. 拆解：It is ... to do 作形式主语 + so 并列句；everyone's duty 为表语。 1. 仿写：It is our responsibility to save energy, so we should turn off the lights when leaving. ▍写作要点：How to Protect the Earth 1. 开篇：点明主题 —— The earth is our home, and it is everyone's duty to protect it. 1. 主体：用 3R（reduce / reuse / recycle）+ should / had better 展开做法。 1. 强调：用强调句突出重点 —— It is trees that make the air clean. 1. 结尾：总结呼吁 —— Let's take action and make the earth greener. The earth is our only home, so it is very important for us to protect the environment. There are many things we can do in our daily life. First, we should reduce pollution and save energy by turning off the lights and reusing bags. It is everyone who can make a difference. Second, we had better recycle rubbish and plant more trees. It is trees that clean the air and make our city beautiful. In a word, it is our duty to protect the earth. Let's take action right now and make the earth a greener place! 亮点拆解：There are 引出措施 → should / had better 提建议 → 强调句 It is everyone who... / It is trees that... 突出核心 → In a word 总结呼吁。 06 高频易错点汇总 类别 易错点 正确 / 提示 结构 强调句用 are / were be 只用 is / was 连接词 强调时间 / 地点用 when / where 一律用 that 辨析 强调句与定语从句混淆 去掉框架看能否还原成句 谓语强调 直接加 do / does / did 错误位置 do / does / did + 动词原形（原形！） not until that 后用倒装 that 后语序正常，不倒装 词汇 a number of 谓语用单数 many → 复数；the number of 才用单数 搭配 cut down（减少）误加 on 砍倒不加 on；减少用量才加 on 搭配 protect 后误用 to protect ... from / against 07 分层巩固练习 ▍A 基础：用强调句结构补全（每空一词） 1. 1. It ______ Tom that helped me yesterday.（be 动词） 1. 2. It is clean air and water ______ we need most.（连接词） 1. 3. It was not until he came ______ I left.（连接词） 1. 4. It is everyone's duty ______ (protect) the earth.（动词形式） 1. 5. It was in 2020 ______ the Games were held.（连接词） ▍B 提升：单项选择 1. 1. It was my father ______ first taught me to save water. A. which　B. who　C. where　D. when 1. 2. It is important ______ us to protect the environment. A. of　B. for　C. to　D. with 1. 3. It was not until she took off her glasses ______ I recognized her. A. when　B. that　C. then　D. so 1. 4. The number of people who ______ cars ______ increasing. A. own; is　B. owns; are　C. own; are　D. owns; is 1. 5. We should ______ (reduce) the use of plastic bags. A. to reduce　B. reducing　C. reduce　D. reduced ▍A 基础 1. was（Tom 过去帮助，be 用 was）；2. that（强调宾语，用 that）；3. that（not...until 强调句固定用 that）；4. to protect（It is ... to do 不定式）；5. that（强调时间状语，用 that 不用 when）。 ▍B 单项选择 1. B（强调人作主语，who / that 均可）；2. B（It is important for sb to do）；3. B（not...until 强调句用 that）；4. A（who own cars 定语从句谓语复数；the number of + 复数 → 谓语单数 is）；5. C（should 后接动词原形）。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $