Unit 4 Natural Disasters Words and Expressions 课件-2026-2027学年高一英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦人教版2019必修第一册Unit 4 Natural Disasters核心词汇，通过高考真题链接导入，系统梳理flood、rescue等词的词性、短语搭配及派生词，搭建从基础词义到高考应用的学习支架，帮助学生构建连贯的词汇知识网络。 其亮点在于融合高考导向与深度学习，通过“高考链接”强化语言能力，借助damage与destroy等词汇辨析培养思维品质，配套练习题提升学习能力。学生能高效掌握词汇应用，教师可直接用于课堂教学，提升教学针对性与效率。

Unit 4 Natural Disasters 人教版2019必修第一册 Words and Expressions flood n. 洪水 vt. 淹没 [flʌd] 【高考链接】 The opposite happened: she was flooded with 1,200 orders in June. （2025·新课标II卷） ·n. a flood of 大量的=floods of A flood of cheap imports has come into the country. ·v. flood into/in 大量涌进 Donations are flooding into the homeless shelter. ·v. be flooded with 充满.... He was flooded with joy when his first child was born. ① The river rose and _________ the nearby fields. (flood) ② She received a ________of messages after the news. flooded flood flooding n. 洪水泛滥 rescue vt. & n. 营救；救援 [ˈreskjuː] 【高考链接】 Seeing no hope of immediate rescue, Emily decided to spend the night in her car. （2026·新高考I卷） rescue sb from... 把某人从...营救出来 come / go to sb's rescue 来营救某人 rescue workers 救援人员 vt n ① A brave pulled the man out of the water. (rescue) ② They just before the building fell. (rescue) rescuer were rescued rescuer n. 救援者 damage vt. 损害；破坏 n.损坏；损害赔偿金；损失 [ˈdæmɪdʒ] 【高考链接】 They can damage water ecosystems and enter the food chain. （2024·北京卷） damage the buildings /one’s health 破坏建筑物/损害某人的健康 be seriously / badly damaged 遭受严重破坏 cause/do damage to 对…造成损害 ① Many houses were badly ________by the flood. ② The earthquake did great __________to the old town. damaged damage damaged adj. 损坏的 damaging adj. 有害的 destroy vt. 摧毁；破坏 [dɪ’strɔɪ] 【高考链接】 The earthquake destroyed many houses, but the local people quickly started rebuilding.（2024全国甲卷） ① The fire almost completely the village. (destroy) ② The storm caused terrible along the coast. (destroy) destroyed destruction (destroyed ,destroyed ,destroying) → destruction n.破坏→ destructive adj.破坏性的 destroy one’s home /life /faith(信仰）/hope/confidence be completely/totally destroyed 被彻底摧毁 death n. 死，死亡 [deθ ] 【高考链接】 It was not his physical death, but the loss of spirit that pained his friends.（2023全国甲卷） die 短语 die out 灭绝 die off 相继死亡 die from/of 死于...原因 die away 逐渐减弱,逐渐消失 die down 逐渐减弱，逐渐暗淡 be frightened/scared to death 害怕/吓得要死 starve to death 饿死 →die vi. 死，死亡(died-died-dying) →dead adj. 死去的，去世的 →deadly adj.致命的 adv. 极其地/非常 affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动 [əˈfɛkt ] 【高考链接】 There are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.（2025新高考Ⅱ卷） be affected with 被……所烦扰，感染……的疾病 be deeply affected by 被……深深打动 have an affection for 喜欢 affection n. 喜爱 effect n. 结果；作用；影响 (1)As I ____________by the show the White Snake Legend,I began to develop a deep ________ for Peking Opera. (affect) (2)Sandstorms also reduce visibility,________ (affect) airplanes and road transportation. (3)People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more ________ (effect). was affected affection affecting effectively ruin v. 破坏，毁坏 n.毁坏；废墟 [ˈruːɪn] 【高考链接】 Too much pressure can ruin your health.（2024新高考Ⅱ卷） ruin oneself自我毁灭 bring...to ruin使……毁灭;使……没落 坍塌 fall into ruins lie / be in ruins 成为废墟 ruin one’s hope/health/fame/reputation 毁掉某人的希望/名声/名誉 1. Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship. 2. If she loses the court case it will ruin her. 3. fall into / go to ruin 4. the ruins of Rome 5. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 糟蹋 使破产 毁灭；破产 废墟；遗迹 成废墟；严重受损 shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊 [ʃɒk] 【高考链接】 It is shocking how little we know about this common animal.（2023全国甲卷） _________ adj. 令人震惊的；令人气愤的（多修饰事物） _________ adj. 震惊的；愤慨的（多修饰人的表情，声音等） shocking shocked • in shock 震惊；处于休克状态 culture shock 文化冲击 to one’s shock 令某人吃惊的是 • be shocked at /by/that 对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊 It shocks sb. that... ...让某人感到震惊 great shock to sb. 对某人来说是极大的震惊 shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊 [ʃɒk] 牛刀小试 (1)The captain looked at me shock and couldn’t believe what had happened. (2) his fans’ shock，the athlete didn’t win a gold medal in the Olympic Games.His failure was great shock to himself，too. (3)Jane was rather shocked (find) that she was lost in the forest and she couldn’t help crying. (4)The __________（shock） news ________（shock）all the people around in To a to find shocking shocked shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt. 使震惊 [ʃɒk]  The shock of the earthquake was felt miles away.  Don’t touch that wire or you’ll get a shock.  It came as a shock to hear that the factory would have to close. She was taken to hospital suffering from shock. The news of the school shooting shocked the world. 冲击 电击；触电 震惊；打击 休克 使震惊；使气愤 牛刀小试 trap vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n 陷阱；险境 [træp] 【高考链接】 The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice.（2025全国Ⅰ卷）  (1)用......捕捉；使困于......: trap sb/sth in sth (2)诱骗某人使之采取某种行动: trap sb into sth/doing 1. She felt trapped in her role of wife and mother. 2. The consequences (后果) could be serious if we don’t keep reducing emissions (排放) of CO2 and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere. 3. I was trapped into signing my name. 使陷入困境 储存 使中计 / 使陷入圈套 bury vt. 安葬；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 [ˈbɛri] 【高考链接】 David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.（2022新高考Ⅰ卷） burial n. 埋葬 • bury ...in... 把...埋到...里 bury one’s face/head in one’s hands 双手捂脸/抱头 be buried in... = Bury oneself in (doing.)... 埋头于；专心于 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有： ①be absorbed/engaged in　　②be devoted to=devote oneself to ③be lost in =lose oneself in　 ④focus/concentrate on ⑤ be immersed in 沉浸在 ⑥fix/concentrate one's attention on burial n. 埋葬 bury vt. 安葬；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 [ˈbɛri] ①The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, ________ (bury) herself in the book. ②Though ________________(bury) in the ruins for about 70 hours after the earthquake, the man managed to survive. ③Because he buried himself in playing the flute, he didn't know it was raining . →__________________ playing the flute , he was not aware it was raining . burying buried Burying himself in 牛刀小试 breathe vi. & vt. 呼吸 [briːð] 【高考链接】 When we breathe fresh‑air, our brain works better.（2024新高考I卷） breathe in/out take a deep breath hold one's breath out of breath catch one's breath 吸入/呼出 深吸一口气 屏住呼吸 上气不接下气 恢复呼吸 →breath /ˈbreθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气 →breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 →breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地 →breathtaking adj.令人惊叹 effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 [ˈefət] 【高考链接】 It bore witness to her efforts. （2026·新高考I卷） make efforts /an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事 =make every effort/all efforts to do sth 尽全力做某事 with joint efforts 共同努力 in an effort to do sth为了做某事 without effort毫不费力地 put effort into (doing) sth努力做某事 it takes effort to do sth做某事需要努力 effort n. 努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 [ˈefət] (1)Only joint efforts can we make it to the destination，so never lose heart. (2)The boy made an effort (work) out the difficult math problems. (3)We had made full preparations and I believed that we could solve the problem effort. (4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果我获准成为您的助教，我将不遗余力履行我的职责。 If I am accepted as your teaching assistant，I will spare no effort to/make every effort to/make all efforts to perform my duties. with to work without suffer vi. & vt. 遭受；受苦 [ˈsʌfə] 【高考链接】 This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.（北京卷） suffer pain/defeat/hardship/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/损失 suffer from 受……折磨；患……病 suffering n. 痛苦, 苦恼；让人痛苦的事 ① The village ________heavy losses in the storm. (suffer) ② Thousands were left _________from hunger and cold. (suffer) suffered suffering supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品（物资）vt. 供应；供给 [ˈsəplaɪ] 【高考链接】 Local farmers supply the city with fresh fruit and vegetables all year round.（2022新高考Ⅱ卷） supply and demand 供应与需求 medical supplies 医疗用品 n supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth 提供某物给某人 vt = provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth. = offer sb. sth./offer sth to sb. water supply供水 be in short supply供不应求 a supply/supplies of...……的供应 supply作名词,表示“补给品”时,要用复数形式,即supplies。 supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品（物资）vt. 供应；供给 [ˈsəplaɪ] (1)They used the money ___________ (supply) the school with new textbooks. (2)Whenever she goes out with her baby,she always takes a large supply ______ baby food with her. (3)Food __________ (supply) in the flood-stricken area are running out. (4)During the outbreak of the epidemic ,medical masks were ____ short supply in every area. (5)For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data ________ (supply) by the World Atlas list so far. to supply of supplies in supplied 牛刀小试 survive vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 [səˈvaɪv] 【高考链接】 They can survive on a diet that lacks fruits and vegetables.（北京卷） survive from 从……幸存 survive on 依靠……生存下来 survive… by… 比……多活了 survivor n. 幸存者 survival n. 幸存 ,残存物 She survived her husband by ten years. He survived the earthquake. Rowling had spent years surviving on little money, spending all her time writing. Some old customs have survived into the present. 比……活得长 幸存（于） 挺过；熬过 保存下来 power n．能力；力量；权力 [ˈpaʊə] have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力 come to power 上台；执政(动作) be in power 执政；掌权(状态) beyond one's power 力所不能及的  I will do everything in my power to help you.  Every storm is an example of the power of nature.  Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones to success.  The party came to power at the last election.  More than fame or fortune, she wanted power.  an industrial power ❼ a power failure / cut ❽ The aircraft is powered by a jet engine. 能力 力量；威力 控制力；影响力 统治；政权 权力；职权 大国；强国 动力；电力 驱动；推动 powerful adj. 强有力的 aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi. & vt. 帮助；援助 [eɪd] (1)（对某人）实施急救 do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid (2)帮某人的忙 come to the aid of sb (3)为了帮助:in aid of (4)在......的帮助下: with the aid of (5)在某方面帮助某人:aid sb with sth (6)帮助某人做某事: aid sb in doing sth/aid sb to do sth on hand 在手头;现有;在场;到场 at hand 在手边；可能很快发生 by hand 用手；手工 hand in hand 手拉手；联合起来 out of hand 无法控制 at first hand 第一手；直接地 hand in 交上；提交 hand out 分发 hand over 交出；移交 hand on 交付，传递 shake hands 握手 crash vt. & vi. 碰撞；撞击 n. 撞车；碰撞 [kræʃ] 1. It is an ocean that moves, impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noise — it is forever thundering, boiling, crashing, and whistling. 2. When did the computer crash? 3. Car drivers have to obey traffic rules that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes. 4. It was sad news that no one survived the AirAsia plane crash which happened on December 28, 2014. 5. The team crashed to their worst defeat this season. 6. Investigators are still trying to figure out why the engines in this plane lost power, forcing it to crash-land with more than 150 passengers on board. 7. There was a crash of thunder just now. 发出撞击声 死机 碰撞 (事件) 飞机失事；飞机坠毁事故 (比赛中) 溃败；惨败 紧急迫降 一声炸雷；一声响雷 牛刀小试 strike vt. & vi. 袭击；打击 n. 罢工 [straɪk] 【高考链接】 Few things strike fear into a child. （2026·新高考II卷） sth./It strikes/struck sb. that… 突然想到... =It hits sb. that…=It occurs/occurred to sb. that… (1)打一个男孩: strike a boy (2)钟敲了十二下 : strike twelve (3)打击敌人: strike the enemy (4)be struck by 被…击中／打动 (5)开始罢工、罢课 : be/go on strike striking adj. 显著的 stricken adj. 受灾的 strike vt. & vi. 袭击；打击 n. 罢工 [straɪk] The ship struck a rock. The church clock began to strike twelve. The undersea quake struck around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island.  The solution struck me immediately. It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision. What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.  The bus drivers were striking for more money. ❼He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work. 打；撞击 敲响；报 突然降临 突然想到 给…某种印象 罢工 两者兼顾；达到平衡 牛刀小试 effect n．结果；效力　vt. 产生；达到目的 [ɪˈfɛkt] 【高考链接】 Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. （2025·新课标I卷） have an effect on /upon sth 对……产生影响 in effect事实上;实际上;有效的 come into effect/take effect(法律、规划或制度)生效;实施 of no effect 没有效果的;没有影响的 put/bring sth into effect实施;实行;使生效 cause and effect因果 side effect副作用 effective adj. 有效的 effectively adv. 有效地 ineffective adj. 无效的 effect n．结果；效力　vt. 产生；达到目的 [ɪˈfɛkt]  With the government’s aid, those (who were) affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. She was deeply affected by the story.  Diseases affect almost everyone at some time during their lives.  I feel a lot of affection for my mother. 影响 使感动；打动 使感染 喜爱；钟爱 牛刀小试 come to an end 结束；终结 sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 at the end of　　在……尽头；在……末端 by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止 in the end 最后；终于 be at an end 结束 put/bring ... to an end = put an end to ... 使……结束 come to an end 完成；结束 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 end up with 以……结束 end up doing 最终在做某事 sweep up 打扫；清扫 sweep over/ across/ around 扫视；掠过 sweep through 扫过；掠过；风行 Thank you！ 人民教育电子音像出版社 普通高中教科书 英语 第一册 2019-08-09 348943.78 $