Unit 4 Natural Disasters 课件 高三英语一轮复习人教版必修第一册

该高中英语高考复习课件围绕“自然灾害”主题，覆盖核心词汇、短语、句型及写作考点，依据高考评价体系梳理了词汇变形、句式运用、话题写作等考查维度，通过高频考点归纳（如survive/affect等词的用法占比超30%），明确语法填空、读后续写等常考题型，构建系统备考体系。 课件亮点在于“真题融入+技巧建模+素养提升”，如结合2022全国甲卷“海洋污染”真题，解析“shock”的主语从句与非限制性定语从句转换，培养语言能力与思维品质。提供读后续写“恐惧”情感动词库（如freeze with fear）及微写作框架，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可据此精准指导，提升复习效率。

Unit 4 Natural Disasters 1 survive; effort; death; suffer; breathe; deliver; damage; strike; bury; shock Disasters such as tornadoes, droughts, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, typhoons, hurricanes and earthquakes have come one after another, causing great 1.__________ to many countries. In summary, the earthquake has the worst effects. The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused more than 240,000 2.___________ .90 percent of homes lay in ruins and people 3.________ a lot. Food, water and electricity were hard to get. Everywhere the 4._________ survivors saw destroyed bricks,deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the world were at an end. Rescue teams dug out the trapped, 5. _________ the dead, and built shelters in the open air.With unified 6. ________ and wisdom of all people, the city revived itself and began to 7. _________ again. damage deaths suffered shocked buried efforts breathe Earthquakes under the sea can also cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 8. ________ Asia in 2004 crashed into coastlines. Huge waves swept a way many people.Foreign countries aided these areas by 9. __________ food and supplies by helicopters. (Tips for emergency: ※Keep calm※Tap on a pipe or whistle for help ※Stay away from power lines ※10.___________ on what you have on hand ※Keep first aid kits at home) struck delivering Survive 1.death n.死；死亡 →dead adj.死的 →deadly adj.致命的 →die v.死亡 →dying adj.垂死的；临终的；渴望的 2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 →shocking adj.令人震惊的 →shocked adj.感到震惊的 拓展单词——悉变 5 3.strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击； 击打；(时钟等)敲响 ；擦/划(火柴) ；突然想到； 打 动，感动 ；罢工 n.罢工；罢课；袭击 →striking adj.惊人的；显著的；引人注目的 4.unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体 →unity n.团结；联合；统一 →united adj.联合的；团结的；一致的 6 5.electricity n.电；电能 →electric adj.电的；用电的 →electrical adj.与(用)电有关的 →electronic adj.电子的 6.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 →breath n.呼吸 →breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 7 7.wisdom n.智慧；才智 →wise adj.明智的 →wisely adv.明智地 →unwise adj.不明智的 8.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 →suffering n.受苦；苦楚，苦难 →sufferer n.患者；受难者 9.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出 →eruption n.喷发，爆发 8 10.destroy vt.(destroyed，destroyed) 摧毁；毁灭 →destruction n.毁坏；毁灭 →destructive adj.破坏/毁灭性的 11.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭 ；深深打动 →effect n.影响；结果；效果 →effective adj.有效的 →ineffective adj.无效的 9 12.power n.电力供应 ；能量；力量；控制力；统治； 有影响力的国家 vt.驱动；推动 →powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的 →powerless adj.无力的 13.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表 ；接生；使分娩 →delivery n.投递；送交 14.summary n.总结；概括；概要 →summaris(z)e vt.& vi.总结；概括 10 15.length n.长；长度 →long adj.长的 →lengthen v.(使)变长 16.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；埋头于，专心于 →burial n.埋葬；葬礼 17.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过 ；比……活得长 →survival n.幸存；生存 →survivor n.幸存者；生还者 11 1.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛 2.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 3.in shock 震惊；吃惊 4.in the open air 露天；在户外 5.on hand 现有(尤指帮助) 6.sweep away 消灭；彻底消除 7.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 8.as usual 像往常一样 背核心短语 12 9.come to an end 告终；结束 10.the number of ……的数量 11.at least 至少 12.blow away 吹走；刮走 13.instead of 代替；而不是 14.wake up 醒来 15.put up 举起；张贴 ；搭建 ；留宿 13 1. shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊 I simply stood there in shock， and my feet， as if rooted to the ground， couldn’t move a bit. 我只是震惊地站在那里，脚好像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。 用法归纳 ① a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊 in shock 震惊；吃惊 ② be shocked at/by 对……吃惊 词汇拓展 ①shocked adj.感到震惊 ②shocking adj.令人震惊的 联想 各种“惊讶” ① ② ③ ①Looking at the house which lay in ruins __________shock,he called 119 immediately to rescue the injured people who were trapped.  ②On a cold morning,I opened the door and was shocked ________ (find) him badly injured. ③(2022全国甲卷)令我们震惊的是,海洋正受到严重污染。 →______________________________ the ocean is becoming severely polluted.(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)  →The ocean is becoming severely polluted, ____________________. (用which引导的非限制性定语从句)  in to find What shocks us was that which shocked us 2. flood n.洪水,大量　vi.& vt. 淹没;(使)泛滥;使灌满水;大量涌入;充满;挤满 Hearing her mother's voice,the girl came downstairs in floods of tears. 听见她妈妈的声音,那个女孩泪流满面地走下楼来。 用法归纳 ① a flood of...一大批…… in floods of tears 泪如雨下 ② flood in/into 大量涌入 flood out of 蜂拥而出 flood back涌上心头 ③表“情感”的名词+flood over sb 某人非常/深感…… ④ be flooded with 充满/挤满…… ①A great sense of relief and pride flooded __________my father.(读后续写之情感描写)  ②She drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded ______.(读后续写之写景) 微写作 ③甜蜜的回忆涌上心头,简哭得像个泪人似的。(读后续写之情感描写) Sweet memories came flooding back and Jane was ______________.   over in in floods of tears 3. affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动 Affected by those selfless doctors,I have developed a deep affection for the career. (应用文之短文投稿)在那些无私的医生的影响下,我喜欢上了这个职业。 用法归纳 ① be affected by 受……的影响;被……感动 be affected with 感染……疾病 ②have an effect/influence on/upon 对……产生影响 词汇拓展 ①affection n.喜爱 ②effect n.作用;影响　 ③effective adj.有效的 ①A large number of donations have been flooding into the __________(affect) areas.(应用文之报道)  ②Learning that you have returned to Ireland because you __________(affect) with a serious/severe illness,I am terribly sorry about it.  ③In summary,the English newspaper Youth has a great effect ________me. (应用文之短文投稿)  句式升级·背诵 ④We were deeply affected by the film and couldn't hold back tears. →__________________________,we couldn't hold back tears.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)  affected are affected on Deeply affected by the film 4. ruin n.& vt.破坏;毁坏 The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake,which made us awake all night. (应用文之场景描写) 地震过后,整个城市成了一片废墟,这使我们彻夜难眠。 用法归纳 ①lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 fall into ruin 成为废墟 ②ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡 ①On returning to the town,they were shocked to find their neighbourhood ______ ruins.(读后续写之情感描写)  ②Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ______________ (reduce) to ruins,the city took on a new look.  句式升级·背诵 ③He made a serious mistake in the race and ruined his chance to win the championship. →He made a serious mistake in the race, ____________________ to win the championship.(用定语从句改写)  →He made a serious mistake in the race,____________________ to win the championship.(用现在分词改写)  which ruined his chance ruining his chance in being reduced 5. bury vt.埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使专心 Father paced in,his hands buried in his pockets. 父亲双手插在口袋里踱步进来。 用法归纳 ①bury...in...把……埋到……里;使……沉浸于…… bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 埋头于/专心于(做)某事 (doing) sth 联想 表示“专心于、致力于”的短语：be lost in、 be engaged in、 be devoted to、 be absorbed in、 apply oneself to等。 ①After the volcanic eruption,many houses ___________(bury) by ashes.  ②Since she graduated, my mother ___________(bury) herself in teaching, receiving high praise.(应用文之短文投稿)  ③__________(bury) in reading the English newspaper every day,I have gained lots of useful knowledge.(应用文之征文投稿) 句式升级·背诵 ④David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. →David still refused to look at me, ______________________.(现在分词作状语)  →David still refused to look at me, _________________________. (with复合结构)  were buried has buried Buried burying his head in his arms with his head buried in his arms 6. effort n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力 Let's start now and spare no effort to do a little bit every minute. (应用文之倡议书) 让我们从现在开始,不遗余力地每分钟做一点。 用法归纳 with great effort 努力 without effort 毫不费力地 in an effort to do sth 为了做某事 spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事 make every effort to do sth 尽全力做某事 make an effort/efforts to do sth 努力做某事 ①We should make great efforts ___________(preserve) and enrich our own traditional cultures. ②She took a deep breath and sat up slowly __________great effort. ③They have been working day and night in an effort ___________ (get) the bridge ready on time. to preserve with to get 7. survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 Life isn’t about how to survive storms， but how to dance in the rain.　（主旨升华） 生活不在于如何挺过暴雨，而在于如何在风雨中起舞。 用法归纳 survive from 从……幸存 survive on 依靠……生存下来 survive ...by ... 比……多活了…… 词汇拓展 ①survivor n. 幸存者 ②survival n. [U] 幸存；[C] 残存物 ①When I realized that the poor boy survived _____ discarded (被丢弃的) food,a wave of sadness and sympathy washed over me ②Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness, she still survived her husband ________5 years.  ③The ancient building survived _________the Tang Dynasty as a museum. 句式升级 ④Since we had survived that accident,we were confident that everything else would be all right. →______________________________,we were confident that everything else would be all right. (改写为分词短语作状语)  on by from Having survived that accident 8. suffer vt.遭受;蒙受　vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 Knowing that my partner was suffering from a severe disease, I was burning with anxiety, so I rushed towards the hospital. 得知我的搭档得了重病，我心急如焚，所以我冲向了医院。 用法归纳 suffer from　遭受 词汇拓展 ①suffering n.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事 ②sufferer n. 患难者；患病者 ①My hometown used to suffer __________problems such as poor road conditions and dirty environment.(应用文之短文投稿)  ②There are always some ups and downs in our lives,but it is the __________(suffer) that makes us stronger.(读后续写之主旨升华)  ③It is also being used to help patients __________(suffer) dementia, a serious illness of the mind.  句式升级·背诵 ④John has suffered from lung cancer for many years.He has decided to give up smoking. →__________________________________________,John has decided to give up smoking.(现在分词短语作状语)  from suffering suffering Having suffered from lung cancer for many years 9. strike vt. & vi.击打；敲响；擦（火柴）；撞击；侵袭；给（某人以……）印象；突然想起n.罢工；罢课；袭击 What struck me most were my brother’s defeated expression， his lonely figure， and the sad flash in Toby’s eyes as he left in the rain. 最让我印象深刻的是哥哥那副沮丧的神情、落寞的身影，以及托比在雨中离去时，眼中闪过的一丝悲伤。 用法归纳 ①be struck by/with ...被……击中；被……打动 It occurs to/hits/strikes sb that ... 某人突然想起…… strike ... into one’s heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心 ②be/go on strike 在/举行罢工 ① ________（strike） by what he had done for me， I couldn’t contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks. 一句多译 ②我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一 份手工制作的礼物。 → ________________________________________we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day. →_________________________________ we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.（it作形式主语） Struck　 A good idea occurred to/struck/hit me that　 It occurred to/struck/hit me that　 10. effect n.影响；结果；效果 During Li Bai’s lifetime， he wrote a great number of excellent poems， all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture.　 （人物介绍）李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，这些诗歌对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。 用法归纳 take effect 生效；见效 come into effect 生效 have an effect/influence/impact on/upon 对……产生影响 put ... into effect 实施；使……生效 词汇拓展 effective adj. 有效的；有影响的 ①（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）This method may not be （effect） for everyone as each student’s oral ability is different. ②After months of preparation， the new public health measure came effect last weekend. 微写作 ③希望我的建议不久会付诸实施来解决这些问题。　（建议信） Hopefully， my suggestions to address these problems. effective　 into　 will soon be put into effect　 10. supply n. 供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品　vt.供应;供给 The government has supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes since the earthquake occurred.政府在地震发生后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。 用法归纳 ①in short supply 短缺 have a good supply of...备有许多…… ②supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物 supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物 点津：①supply作名词,表示“补给品”时,要用复数形式,即supplies。 ②表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有:provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb、offer sb sth=offer sth to sb。 Sentence 1 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！ 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ 句型公式：as if ... 似乎/好像…… (1)as if相当于as though,意为“似乎,好像”,用在seem,look等系动词之后引导表语从句。 (2)as if/though还可引导方式状语从句。若as if从句描述非现实情况,则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were); ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用过去完成时(had+过去分词)。 ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时,谓语动词用过去将来时(would/counld/might+动原) 用法点拨　当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式时，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。 ①Listen,the whistle of an ambulance!It seems as if there _____(be) an emergency.  ②The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she __________(be) their own mother.  is were Sentence 2 I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 句型公式：be doing sth when ... 正在做某事这时（突然）…… when表示“这时突然”，还用于以下三种句型： be about to do ...when ... 正要做……突然…… be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……突然…… had （just） done ...when ... 刚做完……这时…… 知识总结 (1)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓得魂不附体。(续写之恐惧心理描写) it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits. We had just escaped from the burning house when (2)手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从我的手指间滑落，摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音：“发生了什么事？”(续写之片段描写) With the jar in my hands，I ___ one of my feet caught on one stair.Losing my balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain.The jar slipped through my fingers，and smashed on the hard-as-rock mud floor.I I heard my mom’s voice，“What’s happening？” was walking upstairs in a hurry when was about to pick up the pieces when 话题微写作 用本单元所学词汇、句式按照要求完成下面的话题 作文再背诵。 假定你是李华，你的家乡遭遇了地震，许多企 业纷纷捐款捐物。请你用英语给这些企业写一封 感谢信。 Dear Sir/Madam, I  am  writing  to  express  my  gratitude  for ________________ (你们及时的救助). A week ago, an extremely terrible earth ②____________________ (袭击了我的家乡),③                                          _______(使得许多房屋成为废墟；定语从句). It  seemed ④___________ ________________(好像世界末日即将来临) . Thankfully, although you were strangers, you ⑤                 (竭尽全力)to provide enough food and water for us to survive on. With  strong  support from the government and ⑥                        (你们的慷慨援助), a new town was built  ⑦                       (在地震废墟上). Therefore, I can't be grateful to you  enough. Yours, Li  Hua your timely rescue struck my hometown which left many houses in ruins as if the world were spared no efforts upon the earthquake ruins coming to an end your generous aid 读后续写微写作——情感描写之“恐惧、惊 恐”(二) 动词 shrink退缩；畏缩，cower蜷缩，jump猛地一跳  语块 ①sweat with fear吓得直冒汗 ②palms sweat手心冒汗 ③knees feel weak双膝发软 ④make sb jump吓某人一跳 ⑤give a gasp of horror 吓得倒吸一口气 ⑥freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror 吓呆 ⑦stand/ sit frozen with fear站/坐着吓傻了 ⑧shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖；胆战心惊 ⑨root sb to the spot/rooted to the spot呆立不动 ⑩(knees)knock in fright ( 双膝)吓得直打颤 ⑪a chill deep down in one's bones 毛骨悚然 ⑫one's body be rigid/stiff with fear吓得浑身发僵 ⑬send a chill down/up sb's spine令某人脊背发 凉，令某人毛骨悚然 ①                                 (十岁的切特感到一阵恐惧，无灵主语句). ②Someone pounded at the door at the moment,___________________________________ (他脊背发凉，独立主格).  ③Though                                                   (我手心在出汗), I tried to swallow my fear.    ④                                    (我吓得浑身发僵),and at that moment I knew: I just couldn't do it. A feeling of fear/terror came over ten-year-old Chet a chill running my palms were sweating My body was stiff with fear deep down in his spine Thank you! 46 $