Unit 6 Craftsmanship 讲义2026-2027学年中职英语高教版（第三版）基础模块2

本中职英语讲义以“工匠精神”为主题，系统构建从核心词汇（工匠技艺、制作传承类）到语法（被动语态及时态变化、主动被动转换），再到阅读写作（描述制作过程、撰写工匠事迹）的学习支架，覆盖语言能力、文化意识等四维目标。 资料特色在于融合文化意识与思维品质培养，通过中外工匠精神共通价值引导尊重劳动，借助被动语态逻辑表达提升信息转换能力。课中高频词汇辨析和情景交际句型辅助教学，课后分层练习及易错点汇总助力学生查漏补缺，强化语言应用能力。

Unit 6 Craftsmanship · 工匠精神 Unit 6 Craftsmanship 讲义 00 学习导航 · 重难点总览 ▎ 一、单元主题与四维学习目标 本单元以 “工匠精神（Craftsmanship）” 为主题，围绕工匠、技艺、传承与精益求精展开，引导学生了解工匠精神的内涵，尊重劳动、热爱专业、追求卓越。 素养维度 学习目标 语言能力 掌握人物技艺、职业传承类核心词汇；能读懂介绍工匠与技艺的短文；能用被动语态描述制作过程。 文化意识 了解 “工匠精神” 在中外文化中的共通价值，尊重各行各业劳动者，树立职业自豪感。 思维品质 通过对比主动与被动语态，理解信息焦点的转换，提升逻辑表达能力。 学习能力 学会在阅读中借助上下文猜测词义，积累职业与技艺类表达。 ▎ 二、重点与难点一览 级别 内容 说明 ★重点 craft, skill, tool, produce, process, tradition 等核心词汇 需熟记拼写、搭配与词形转换 ★重点 一般现在时 / 一般过去时的被动语态 be + done 结构，重点识别与使用 ★★难点 被动语态的时态变化与主动—被动转换 不同时态的 be 动词变化是核心失分点 ★★难点 双宾语、不及物动词不能变被动 判断能否变被动是难点 01 核心词汇精讲 ▎ 一、核心词汇表（含音标与例句） ◆ ① 工匠与技艺类 单词 音标 释义 / 例句拓展 craftsman /ˈkrɑːftsmən/ n. 工匠，手艺人 → The old craftsman makes wooden chairs by hand. craft /krɑːft/ n. 手艺，工艺；v. 精心制作 → She crafts beautiful pottery. skill /skɪl/ n. 技能，技巧 → It takes years to learn this skill. skillful /ˈskɪlfl/ adj. 熟练的，灵巧的（=skilful） tool /tuːl/ n. 工具 → A good worker needs good tools. technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技术，技巧 → He has a special technique for painting. master /ˈmɑːstə/ v. 掌握；n. 大师 → She has mastered the art of paper cutting. ◆ ② 制作与传承类 单词 音标 释义 / 例句拓展 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产，制造 → This factory produces high-quality silk. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品（名词，注意与 produce 区分） process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过程，工序；v. 加工 → The whole process takes a week. traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的 → It is a traditional Chinese craft. tradition /trəˈdɪʃən/ n. 传统 → We should keep the tradition alive. pass on — phr. 传递，传承 → Skills are passed on from father to son. practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n./v. 练习，实践 → Practice makes perfect. ▎ 二、重点词汇深度辨析 辨析 讲解与例句 skill / technique skill 泛指 “技能、本领”；technique 侧重 “具体技术、手法”。→ He has great skill; his technique is excellent. craft / art craft 强调手工技艺与实用性；art 侧重艺术创作。→ Paper cutting is both a craft and an art. produce / product / production produce（v. 生产）；product（n. 产品）；production（n. 生产、产量）。→ They produce products for export. traditional / tradition tradition 是名词 “传统”；traditional 是形容词 “传统的”。→ It is a traditional custom based on tradition. ▎ 三、词形转换必背表 动词 名词 形容词 produce（生产） product（产品）/ production（生产） productive（多产的） craft（制作） craftsman（工匠） skillful（熟练的） tradition（传统） — traditional（传统的） practice（练习） practice（练习） practical（实际的） master（掌握） master（大师） masterly（高超的） ⚠ 词形转换易错点 • produce（动词）与 product（名词）词性不同，不可混用； • tradition → traditional，注意形容词后缀 -al； • skill 的形容词是 skillful（美式）或 skilful（英式），不要写成 skillfull。 02 核心短语与固定搭配 ◆ ① 重点短语表 短语 释义与例句 pass on ... to ... 把……传给…… → The skill is passed on to the next generation. be made of / from 由……制成（of 看出原料，from 看不出）→ The chair is made of wood. be made by hand 手工制作 → These pots are made by hand. learn ... from ... 向……学习…… → We can learn a lot from the old craftsman. spend ... (in) doing sth 花（时间）做某事 → He spent years mastering the skill. It takes (sb) time to do sth 做某事花费（某人）时间 → It took him ten years to learn it. be proud of ... 为……感到自豪 → We are proud of our traditional crafts. pay attention to ... 注意……（to 是介词，后接名词 / doing）→ Pay attention to every detail. make full use of ... 充分利用…… → We should make full use of our skills. keep ... alive 使……延续、保持活力 → We must keep the tradition alive. ⚠ 介词搭配易错点 • pay attention to 中 to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词（doing），不能接动词原形； • spend time (in) doing，不用 to do； • be made of（物理变化，可见原料）vs be made from（化学变化，不可见原料）。 03 核心语法：被动语态（★★难点，重点） 英语中，当动作的承受者作主语时，要用被动语态。本单元大量介绍工匠、作品、制作过程，天然适合使用被动语态（如 “The vase is made by hand.”）。 ▎ 一、被动语态的构成 ★ 核心结构 • 被动语态 = be + 过去分词（done） 主动变被动的三步：① 将原句的宾语提前作主语；② 谓语动词改为 be + done；③ 原主语变 by 短语（可省略）。 ◆ ② 主动 → 被动转换示例 主动语态 被动语态 The craftsman makes the chair. The chair is made by the craftsman. Lu Ban designed this tool. This tool was designed by Lu Ban. They produce silk in this factory. Silk is produced in this factory. We will pass on the skill. The skill will be passed on (by us). ▎ 二、各时态被动语态一览（★★核心必背） ◆ ① 常用时态被动结构表 时态 结构（be + done） 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done The pots are made by hand. 一般过去时 was / were + done The bridge was built in 1980. 一般将来时 will be + done The skill will be passed on. 情态动词 can / must + be + done The work must be done carefully. 现在进行时 am / is / are + being + done The chair is being made now. 过去进行时 was / were + being + done The tool was being repaired then. 现在完成时 have / has + been + done The task has been finished. ⚠ 时态判断关键 • 被动语态的时态由 be 动词体现，过去分词 done 永远不变； • 判断句子时态 → 确定 be 的形式 → 加上过去分词； • 常见错误：The chair is made yesterday.（yesterday 用过去时，应为 was made）。 ▎ 三、被动语态的用法 1. 不知道或不必说出动作的执行者时：The window was broken.（谁打破的不重要） 1. 强调动作的承受者或动作本身时：Silk is produced in Suzhou.（强调丝绸，而非生产者） 1. 描述客观事实、工艺流程时（本单元高频）：First, the clay is shaped; then it is dried; finally it is fired. ★ 工艺流程写作句型（本单元写作必备） • First ... is / are + done; then ... is / are + done; finally ... is / are + done. • 例如：First, the wood is cut. Then it is shaped. Finally, it is polished. ▎ 四、不能用于被动语态的情况（★★难点） 情况 说明与示例 不及物动词无被动 不及物动词（无宾语）不能变被动。→ The sun rises in the east.（√）/ is risen（×） 系动词无被动 be, look, feel, sound, become, get 等系动词无被动。→ She looks happy.（√） 双宾语中间接宾语作主语 give / send / tell 等，直接宾语作主语时保留间接宾语：He gave me a book. → A book was given to me. 感官 / 使役动词 see / hear / make / let 等用 “be + 过去分词 + do” 或 “be + being + done” 需谨慎，高考常见陷阱。 ▎ 五、主动与被动的转换三步法 1. 找宾语：确定原句的宾语，作为被动句的主语； 1. 定 be 动词：根据原句时态和主语确定 be 的形式； 1. 加 done + by：动词改为过去分词，原主语变 by 短语（常省略）。 ⚠ 高频易错点 • 被动语态中 be 动词不可省略：The chair made by hand.（×）→ is made（√）； • by 短语后接动作的执行者（通常是人或组织），不要误用 of / from； • “被执行者”是人称代词时要用宾格：by him / by them。 04 情景交际句型 本单元交际功能为 “谈论职业、技艺与工匠精神”，掌握下列句型可用于口语表达与写作。 ◆ ① 核心句型表 功能 句型与示例 询问职业 / 身份 — What does he do? — He is a craftsman. 询问技艺 / 作品 — What is it made of? — It is made of bamboo. 表达敬佩 He is really skillful. / I admire him for his patience. 谈论传承 The skill is passed on from one generation to another. 表达看法 I think craftsmanship means paying attention to every detail. 评价作品 It is beautifully made. / It takes great skill to make it. ◆ ② 完整对话框架（Talking about a craftsman） A: What does your father do? B: He is a woodworker. He makes furniture by hand. A: Really? What is the furniture made of? B: It is made of wood. Every piece is carefully crafted. A: That's amazing! Craftsmanship like this should be passed on. 05 阅读与写作 ▎ 一、课文要点（Reading：Craftsmanship） 要点 内容 主题 介绍传统工匠及其精湛技艺，体现精益求精、专注坚守的工匠精神。 核心句 Skills are passed on from generation to generation. 长句拆解 The old craftsman, who has spent his whole life making lacquerware, is deeply respected by everyone. 结构 引出人物 → 介绍技艺与过程（被动语态）→ 点明传承与精神价值。 ◆ ① 长句拆解与仿写 原句：The vases, which are made by hand, are sold all over the world. 拆解：主句 “The vases are sold all over the world” 为被动语态；which are made by hand 为非限制性定语从句，也用被动，突出 “花瓶被手工制作”。 仿写：The chairs, which are made of bamboo, are very popular among tourists. ▎ 二、写作：My Favorite Craftsman（我最敬佩的工匠） ★ 写作要点（用上被动语态与工艺流程句型） • 点明人物身份与技艺； • 用被动语态描述作品如何被制作（be made of / is shaped / is polished）； • 写出传承或精神（passed on, requires patience, pays attention to detail）。 ◆ ② 范文 My Favorite Craftsman I admire a paper-cutting artist in my hometown. She is very skillful and patient. The paper cuttings are made by hand. First, the paper is folded carefully. Then it is cut into different shapes with small scissors. Finally, the paper is unfolded, and a beautiful pattern appears. Her works are sold in many cities. The traditional skill is passed on from her teacher to her, and now she is teaching young people. I think this is true craftsmanship — paying attention to every detail and keeping the tradition alive. ◆ ③ 范文亮点拆解 1. 被动语态：are made by hand / is folded / is cut / is passed on —— 突出制作过程； 1. 工艺流程句型：First ... Then ... Finally ... 条理清晰； 1. 主题升华：true craftsmanship — paying attention to every detail 点明工匠精神。 06 高频易错点汇总（考前速查） 类别 易错点 正确表达 词汇 produce（动）/ product（名）混用 They produce products. 词汇 tradition（名）/ traditional（形） a traditional custom 搭配 pay attention to doing Pay attention to learning. 搭配 spend time (in) doing He spent years learning. 语法 被动语态漏掉 be The chair is made (√) 语法 时态与 be 不一致 was made (yesterday) 语法 不及物动词用被动 The sun rises (√) 语法 by 后误用 of / from made by hand (√) 07 分层巩固练习 ▎ A. 用所给动词的适当形式填空（被动语态） 1. The silk (produce) ______ in this area for hundreds of years. 1. This chair (make) ______ by a famous craftsman last year. 1. The skill (pass) ______ on to the next generation now. 1. The work must (finish) ______ before Friday. 1. Good tools (need) ______ by every worker. ▎ B. 单项选择 1. The vase is made ______ clay and it was made ______ hand. 1. A. of; by B. from; with C. of; with D. from; by 1. Great changes ______ in my hometown over the past ten years. 1. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. took place D. were taken place 1. — Who designed the new tool? — It ______ by Lu Ban. 1. A. designs B. is designed C. was designed D. designed ▎ C. 句型转换：将下列主动句改为被动句 1. The old craftsman makes beautiful lacquerware. 1. They will build a new museum here. 1. She has finished the work. ▎ D. 微写作 以 “A Traditional Craft” 为题，用被动语态（至少 3 处）介绍一种传统手工艺的制作过程（60 词左右）。 08 参考答案 · 解析 ▎ A. 被动语态填空 1. 1. has been produced（for + 时间段，现在完成时被动） 1. 2. was made（last year，一般过去时被动） 1. 3. is being passed（now，现在进行时被动） 1. 4. be finished（情态动词被动：must be + done） 1. 5. are needed（一般现在时被动） ▎ B. 单项选择 1. 1. A（be made of 看出原料；by hand 固定搭配 “手工”） 1. 2. A（take place 是不及物动词短语，无被动） 1. 3. C（问 “谁设计的”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动 was designed） ▎ C. 主动变被动 1. 1. Beautiful lacquerware is made (by the old craftsman). 1. 2. A new museum will be built here (by them). 1. 3. The work has been finished (by her). ▎ D. 微写作（参考范文） A Traditional Craft Paper cutting is a traditional Chinese craft. First, the paper is folded. Then it is cut into different shapes with scissors. After that, the paper is unfolded carefully, and a beautiful pattern is seen. Today, paper cuttings are still loved by people all over the world. 解析：文中 is folded / is cut / is unfolded / is seen / are loved 均为被动语态。 第 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $