Unit 8 课时4 Section B 1a-1e（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础词汇句型到综合语篇应用，衔接中考，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇/词组/句型|默写+简单句填空，夯实语言基础能力| |B组能力进阶|语篇理解/语法应用|七选五+语法填空，提升语篇衔接与语法运用能力| |C组思维拔高|深度阅读/逻辑完形|环保主题阅读与完形填空，培养批判性思维与文化意识| |拓展链接中考|中考真题演练|中考题型复刻，强化应试技能与学习能力|

Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse,Recycle 课时4 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________ n.保护者；守卫者 2. ____________ prep.在旁边；在近旁 3. ____________ adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的 4. ____________ v.明令禁止；禁止做某事 5. ____________ n.河岸；河堤 6. ____________ adj.稳定的；持续的 7. ____________ n.收入；收益 8. ____________ n.清扫；清除 9. ____________ n.一代人；同辈人 1. 他在长江岸边长大，曾经和父亲一样是一名渔民。 He grew up on the banks of the Yangtze River and ____________ a fisherman, like his father. 2.. 起初，陈先生并不习惯在河岸工作。 At first, Mr Chen _______________________ on the riverbank. 3. 他也很高兴看到长江恢复到他儿时的模样，清澈的水里游着许多鱼，美丽的鸟儿在岸边自在生活。 He is also glad to see that the Yangtze River has returned to what it____________ like when he was a child, with a lot of fish swimming in the clear water and beautiful birds enjoying their life on the bank. 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ n.保护者；守卫者 2. ____________ prep.在旁边；在近旁 3. ____________ adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的 4. ____________ v.明令禁止；禁止做某事 5. ____________ n.河岸；河堤 6. ____________ adj.稳定的；持续的 7. ____________ n.收入；收益 8. ____________ n.清扫；清除 9. ____________ n.一代人；同辈人 二、词组默写。 1. _______________ 确保；查明 2. _______________ 因为（接名词/短语） 3. _______________ 长大；成长 4. _______________ 因此；结果 5. _______________ 采取行动 6. _______________ 阻止……做…… 7. _______________ 清理；打扫干净 8. _______________ 习惯于做某事 9. _______________ 过去常常做某事 10. _______________ 被用来做某事 11. _______________ 稳定的收入 12. _______________ 为……感到骄傲 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 他的工作是沿着河边巡查，确保没有人进行商业捕鱼或者污染河流。 His job is to walk along the river and ____________ no one is doing commercial fishing or polluting it. 2. 政府趁为时未晚采取行动处理这个问题。 The government _________________ the problem before it was too late. 3. 制定法律禁止在河流附近新建工厂。 Laws were made to __________ new factories _________ being built near the river. 4. 我们齐心协力保护我们的母亲河。 We _____________ to protect our mother river. 5. 我们必须为子孙后代保护好它。 We must protect it ________________________. 一、阅读七选五。 Our hometown is a quiet small town. It has changed a lot over the past ten years. 1 Many years ago, life here was really difficult. There were no tall buildings, just old low houses. The roads were narrow and full of dirt. 2 People usually walked or rode old bikes when they needed to go out. What was worse, we had terrible environmental problems. Strong sandstorms hit our town every spring. Large areas of farmland turned into sandy fields and the soil was badly destroyed. 3 Later, the local government paid much attention to our problems. 4 They called on villagers to plant plenty of trees and bushes on hills. We also used new technology to protect our land. Everyone tried their best to make our hometown better. Now great changes have taken place. Wide roads and new buildings can be seen everywhere. It only takes a short time to reach any place in the town. 5 Sandstorms are gone completely. The farmland is good for farming again. All the people live a happy and comfortable life. We love our beautiful hometown so much. A．Life used to be full of trouble. B．It used to take people lots of time to travel outside. C．We all felt upset about the bad living environment. D．It looks quite different from what it used to be. E．They took many practical measures to improve the environment. F．People used to sell farm products in big cities. G．The environment becomes fresh and pleasant now. 二、阅读填空。 The United Nations has set 17 goals for sustainable development, and one of the most important goals is 1 (protect) the environment. For many years, human activities have produced huge amounts of waste that 2 (pollute) our oceans and lands. Plastic products, 3 can take hundreds of years to break down, are one of the biggest causes of the problem. To achieve sustainable development, we need to follow the 3R principle: reduce, reuse and 4 (recycling). Many cities around China are now trying creative ideas to give old things 5 second life. For example, some communities hold workshops that teach people 6 (turn) old cloth bags into beautiful handbags, and plastic bottles into flower pots. 7 we all make small changes in our daily lives, we will make a big difference. We can replace single-use plastic products with reusable 8 (material) like cotton bags and glass bottles. We should also form the habit of 9 (separate) waste into different groups before throwing it away. Sustainable development is not just a task for the government. It requires everyone to take action. If we work together, we 10 (build) a cleaner and greener world for future generations. 一、阅读理解 A Eco-Travel: Travel Green, Travel Smart Are you planning your next holiday? Why not try eco-travel? Eco-travel is a way of travelling that helps protect the environment and respects local cultures. Here are some tips for being a green traveller: Choose green transport. Take a train or a bus instead of flying. If you must fly, choose a direct flight to reduce carbon emissions. Once you arrive, walk, cycle or use public transport as much as possible. Stay in eco-friendly hotels. Look for hotels that have green certifications. These hotels save water and energy, reduce waste, and support local communities. Respect nature and wildlife. Don’t pick flowers or feed wild animals. Stay on marked paths when hiking. Remember: take only photos, leave only footprints. Support local economies. Buy local products and eat at local restaurants. This helps the local people and reduces the carbon footprint of transporting goods from far away. Reduce, reuse, recycle. Bring your own reusable bag, water bottle and cutlery. Avoid single-use plastics like straws and plastic bags. For more information on eco-travel, visit our website at www.greentravel.org. Let’s make our planet a better place, one trip at a time! 1．What is the main purpose of eco-travel according to the text? A．To save money on travelling. B．To help protect the environment and respect local cultures. C．To visit as many places as possible. D．To encourage people to fly more often. 2．What does the writer suggest doing when you arrive at your destination? A．Take a taxi everywhere. B．Walk, cycle or use public transport. C．Rent a car and drive alone. D．Stay in the hotel all day. 3．What does the underlined phrase “green certifications” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Certificates that hotels are environmentally friendly. B．Certificates that hotels are very expensive. C．Certificates that hotels provide good food. D．Certificates that hotels have beautiful views. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a tip for eco-travel? A．Bringing your own reusable water bottle. B．Buying local products. C．Picking flowers as souvenirs. D．Staying on marked paths when hiking. 5．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A science textbook. B．A travel magazine. C．A history book. D．A storybook. B（七选五） Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many different countries. Have a look in your fridge, cupboard or fruit bowl, and check the origins (来源) of the food. Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from Egypt. 6 This journey from field to plate is called “food miles”—the distance that food travels from its production to the person who buys it. Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumers. Why does this happen and what are the effects of these long distances? Traditionally, farmers sold their food in the local market so the food didn’t have to travel very far. The consumers also did not go far away, because they went to their local market to buy the food. This was a good system for farmers and consumers. 7 For example, consumers could only buy food that local farmers produced. In addition, they could only get food that was in season. Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world. We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes. 8 However, some countries have to import most of their food. This is because they have a bad climate. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), for example, gets 90% of its food from other countries. Even food made in the UAE often uses imported materials. What’s wrong with “food miles”? Is the practice not a good way of increasing international trade? I believe it is for a number of reasons. First of all, because food travels such long distances, we need more planes, lorries, and ships to move the food. 9 In addition, food that travels a long way is not fresh and is usually not very tasty. Tomatoes, for example, are picked early and stored for their long journey. For this reason, they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumers. Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. 10 A．So we’d better buy more local food. B．We can’t buy local food at any time. C．They are available in winter if we want. D．Eating more fruit is good for our health. E．However, there were some disadvantages. F．You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate. G．This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and global (全球的) warming may worsen. 二、完形填空。 Earth is our unique home in the whole universe. We are supposed to 1 it well. Unluckily, our living environment is 2 great challenges. Lots of factories give out waste gas and dirty water and 3 the natural surroundings. Some farmers destroy the land 4 improper farming ways. More terrible troubles appear one after another. Our planet is badly in 5 of help. How can we deal with these problems? To begin with, factories ought to 6 new methods to cut down pollution. If they break environmental rules, the local government has the duty to 7 them strictly. Besides, every citizen should spare no 8 to live a green life. Tiny daily actions can 9 a great influence on our earth. What’s more, we are supposed to grow plenty of trees 10 they can take in harmful gases and refresh the air. We must devote ourselves to protecting our living place. We should spare no 11 to improve the environment. 12 we take action right now, the earth will become worse and worse. We should also learn to recycle waste things instead of 13 them away casually. We can take public transport instead of driving private cars to 14 energy. 15 all, we have no other place to live except the earth. 1．A．guard B．build C．find D．choose 2．A．creating B．facing C．providing D．offering 3．A．protect B．improve C．destroy D．discover 4．A．by B．with C．through D．in 5．A．need B．trouble C．danger D．hope 6．A．create B．introduce C．discover D．adopt 7．A．warn B．punish C．praise D．accept 8．A．effort B．time C．money D．chance 9．A．cause B．produce C．have D．build 10．A．so B．because C．though D．but 11．A．ways B．efforts C．ideas D．skills 12．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though 13．A．throw B．threw C．throwing D．to throw 14．A．save B．waste C．produce D．spend 15．A．After B．In C．At D．For 一、阅读理解 （2026.济南市市中区中考一模） A Friendly Shandong·Qilu No. 1 Qilu No. 1 is a tourist train in Shandong, China. It started on April 10, 2025. The train travels through 11 cities and stops at 22 stations. It has 15 carriages (车厢) with 666 seats. The ticket price is the same as regular trains. The train has many new features (特征). Two carriages are for fun activities. You can drink tea, play chess, and enjoy the view there. The dining car serves 140 kinds of Shandong food, like Zibo barbecue and Tai’an tofu. You can also buy local gifts on the train, such as Weifang paper-cuts. The train looks beautiful with blue-purple colors. Inside, it has new lights and comfortable seats. The restrooms are clean and safe for old people. Something Special Each carriage shows the culture-of one Shandong city. You can learn about different places while traveling. With your train ticket, you can get discounts (折扣) at over 170 scenic spots and 900 hotels. This train offers “slow travel” — you have more time to enjoy the journey. Passengers’ Voices Grandpa Li, 65: “I feel safe on this train. It has handrails and anti-slip floors. The cultural shows are wonderful!” Zhang Xiaoyu, 28: “I love taking photos from the observation carriage. The large windows are perfect for pictures.” The Chen Family: “Our children enjoy the games in the entertainment (娱乐) car. We all have a great time together.” 1. How many stations does Qilu No. 1 stop at? A. 10. B. 11. C. 15. D. 22. 2. What is the feature of the dining car? A. It has 666 seats for passengers. B. It is painted in blue-purple colors. C. It offers a taste of local food. D. It is only open during meal times. 3. What can passengers experience on the train? A. Watch the latest movies. B. Sleep comfortably all day long. C. Buy things at a discount. D. Enjoy local culture and scenery. 4. What does the “Passengers’ Voices” section show us? A. The train is suitable for different ages. B. Old people can take the train for free. C. Children don’t like the cultural shows. D. Young passengers prefer the slow travel. 5. How does the writer introduce Qilu No. 1? A. By explaining why it was built. B. By giving basic facts and details. C. By comparing it with regular trains. D. By telling a story of a passenger. B Graduation day came. The ceremony was loud. I heard Sarah crying on my left. Owen was laughing the way he always did—big and loud. We had spent six years together at this school. Now we were leaving. But I found it hard to say goodbye to my teachers and friends. After the event, our teachers led us back to the classroom. “Everyone, sit down,” Mrs. Miller said excitedly. I heard something being set on the table in front of me. It was a little heavy. I reached out my hand and touched a smooth surface. Then—a round face, a small nose, a big smile. My breath caught. “Is this... Sarah?” “Yes,” the teacher said softly. I stopped. I touched it again. I had heard that smile so many times. Now I could feel it. I moved my hand to the right. It was another face with big eyes and a small bump (凸起) above the left eye. That was Owen’s scar (伤疤), earned from a fall out of a tree in the third grade. “Owen,” I said quietly. Face after face. All my friends. I learned them with my hands. Then I reached for the last one. It felt different—older, lines around the eyes, a kind smile. “Teacher,” I said. I heard her take a deep breath. “Yes. That’s me.” I touched her face again—the laugh lines and the kindness written all over her face. This was the woman who had guided me for six years. At last, I knew her face. Under each face were tiny raised bumps. ‘Sarah Smith,’ the bumps spelled out. Under Owen’s face: ‘Owen Brown.’ This way, we would always remember each other’s names. Tears came out. For the first time, I could “see” all my friends—and so could they. 6. Which picture best shows the writer’s feeling according to paragraph 1? A. B. C. D. 7. How did Owen get his scar? A. He had a bike accident. B. He fell out of a tree. C. He was caught in a fire. D. He was born with it. 8. What do we know about the writer from the text? A. He always felt lonely at school. B. He forgot his friends’ names. C. He truly looked forward to his new life. D. He was in a school for the blind. 9. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the last paragraph? A. The names. B. My friends. C. My teachers. D. The bumps. 10. What is the text mainly about? A. Kindness can be felt, not just seen. B. Friends should always stay together. C. Good memory requires careful practice. D. Graduation is full of tears and laughter. 二、情境运用 根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 （2026.济南市市中区中考一模） 1. A: Tom, let’s go camping this Saturday. B: Maybe we can’t, Mary. ____________________. 2. A: Wow, you have a robot at home? That’s so cool! B: Yeah, it’s really helpful. Look! ____________________. 3. A: ____________________? B: It’s at 7:30 PM. Don’t be late! 4. A: ____________________? B: In 1913. This invention made it possible to keep food fresh. 5. A: We should go check in now. ____________________? B: Yes, I have. I put it in my bag. $ Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse,Recycle 课时4 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________ n.保护者；守卫者 2. ____________ prep.在旁边；在近旁 3. ____________ adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的 4. ____________ v.明令禁止；禁止做某事 5. ____________ n.河岸；河堤 6. ____________ adj.稳定的；持续的 7. ____________ n.收入；收益 8. ____________ n.清扫；清除 9. ____________ n.一代人；同辈人 【答案】1. guardian 2. beside 3. smelly 4. ban5. riverbank 6. steady 7. income 8. clean‑up 9. generation 句型 1. 他在长江岸边长大，曾经和父亲一样是一名渔民。 He grew up on the banks of the Yangtze River and ____________ a fisherman, like his father. 2.. 起初，陈先生并不习惯在河岸工作。 At first, Mr Chen _______________________ on the riverbank. 3. 他也很高兴看到长江恢复到他儿时的模样，清澈的水里游着许多鱼，美丽的鸟儿在岸边自在生活。 He is also glad to see that the Yangtze River has returned to what it____________ like when he was a child, with a lot of fish swimming in the clear water and beautiful birds enjoying their life on the bank. 【答案】1. used to be 2. was not used to working 3.used to be 一、单词默写。 1. ____________ n.保护者；守卫者 2. ____________ prep.在旁边；在近旁 3. ____________ adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的 4. ____________ v.明令禁止；禁止做某事 5. ____________ n.河岸；河堤 6. ____________ adj.稳定的；持续的 7. ____________ n.收入；收益 8. ____________ n.清扫；清除 9. ____________ n.一代人；同辈人 【答案】1. guardian 2. beside 3. smelly 4. ban5. riverbank 6. steady 7. income 8. clean‑up 9. generation 二、词组默写。 1. _______________ 确保；查明 2. _______________ 因为（接名词/短语） 3. _______________ 长大；成长 4. _______________ 因此；结果 5. _______________ 采取行动 6. _______________ 阻止……做…… 7. _______________ 清理；打扫干净 8. _______________ 习惯于做某事 9. _______________ 过去常常做某事 10. _______________ 被用来做某事 11. _______________ 稳定的收入 12. _______________ 为……感到骄傲 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】1. make sure 2. because of 3. grow up 4. as a result 5. take action 6. stop…from… 7. clean up 8. be used to doing 9. used to do 10. be used to do 11. a steady income 12. be proud of 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 他的工作是沿着河边巡查，确保没有人进行商业捕鱼或者污染河流。 His job is to walk along the river and ____________ no one is doing commercial fishing or polluting it. 2. 政府趁为时未晚采取行动处理这个问题。 The government _________________ the problem before it was too late. 3. 制定法律禁止在河流附近新建工厂。 Laws were made to __________ new factories _________ being built near the river. 4. 我们齐心协力保护我们的母亲河。 We _____________ to protect our mother river. 5. 我们必须为子孙后代保护好它。 We must protect it ________________________. 【答案】1. make sure that 2. took action to deal with 3.stop;from 4.work together 5.for our future generations 一、阅读七选五。 Our hometown is a quiet small town. It has changed a lot over the past ten years. 1 Many years ago, life here was really difficult. There were no tall buildings, just old low houses. The roads were narrow and full of dirt. 2 People usually walked or rode old bikes when they needed to go out. What was worse, we had terrible environmental problems. Strong sandstorms hit our town every spring. Large areas of farmland turned into sandy fields and the soil was badly destroyed. 3 Later, the local government paid much attention to our problems. 4 They called on villagers to plant plenty of trees and bushes on hills. We also used new technology to protect our land. Everyone tried their best to make our hometown better. Now great changes have taken place. Wide roads and new buildings can be seen everywhere. It only takes a short time to reach any place in the town. 5 Sandstorms are gone completely. The farmland is good for farming again. All the people live a happy and comfortable life. We love our beautiful hometown so much. A．Life used to be full of trouble. B．It used to take people lots of time to travel outside. C．We all felt upset about the bad living environment. D．It looks quite different from what it used to be. E．They took many practical measures to improve the environment. F．People used to sell farm products in big cities. G．The environment becomes fresh and pleasant now. 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．G 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家乡在过去十年间发生的巨大变化，包括过去生活的困难、环境的恶化，以及政府采取措施后带来的改善和如今的美好生活。 1．前文总述小镇在过去十年间发生了巨大变化，此处需要对“变化大”做总括性衔接。D选项“It looks quite different from what it used to be.”承接上文的“changed a lot”，自然引出后文对小镇过去样貌的介绍，逻辑连贯。 2．前文“…narrow and full of dirt.”提到过去小镇道路狭窄、充满泥土，后文又介绍了人们过去外出只能步行或骑旧自行车，此处需要对应过去出行不便的特征。B选项“It used to take people lots of time to travel outside.”完美承接前文糟糕的路况，也和后文的出行方式描述形成呼应，符合语境。 3．前文罗列了过去小镇的恶劣环境问题：春季频发沙尘暴、大片农田沙化、土壤遭到严重破坏，此处需要对过去糟糕的生存环境做收束。C选项“We all felt upset about the bad living environment.”顺承前文描述的各类环境乱象，也为后文引出政府着手治理问题做了合理铺垫。 4．前文提到后来当地政府高度重视这些民生与环境问题，后文具体列举了政府号召村民种树、用新技术保护土地等举措。E选项“They took many practical measures to improve the environment.”承上启下，既对应了上文政府重视问题的表述，又总领了后文的具体行动说明。 5．前文提到如今小镇随处可见宽阔的马路和新建筑，镇内通行十分便捷，后文又指出沙尘暴彻底消失、耕地重新适宜耕种。G选项“The environment becomes fresh and pleasant now.”对应后文的生态改善结果，和交通层面的变化描述并列，共同展现小镇如今的全新面貌。 二、阅读填空。 The United Nations has set 17 goals for sustainable development, and one of the most important goals is 1 (protect) the environment. For many years, human activities have produced huge amounts of waste that 2 (pollute) our oceans and lands. Plastic products, 3 can take hundreds of years to break down, are one of the biggest causes of the problem. To achieve sustainable development, we need to follow the 3R principle: reduce, reuse and 4 (recycling). Many cities around China are now trying creative ideas to give old things 5 second life. For example, some communities hold workshops that teach people 6 (turn) old cloth bags into beautiful handbags, and plastic bottles into flower pots. 7 we all make small changes in our daily lives, we will make a big difference. We can replace single-use plastic products with reusable 8 (material) like cotton bags and glass bottles. We should also form the habit of 9 (separate) waste into different groups before throwing it away. Sustainable development is not just a task for the government. It requires everyone to take action. If we work together, we 10 (build) a cleaner and greener world for future generations. 【答案】1．to protect 2．has polluted/pollutes 3．which 4．recycle 5．a 6．to turn 7．If 8．materials 9．separating 10．will build 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了联合国可持续发展目标中的环保目标，以及如何通过遵循3R原则（减少、重复使用、回收）来实现可持续发展，号召每个人从日常小事做起，共同建设更清洁、更绿色的世界。 1．句意：联合国设定了17个可持续发展目标，其中最重要的目标之一是保护环境。protect为动词，此处位于is之后作表语，且表示目的，应用不定式形式to protect。 2．句意：多年来，人类活动产生了大量废物，污染了我们的海洋和土地。空前的that指代waste（不可数名词），可用现在完成时has polluted强调对现在的影响或一般现在时pollutes陈述事实，所以填has polluted或pollutes。 3．句意：塑料产品需要数百年才能分解，是这个问题最大的原因之一。先行词Plastic products指物，定语从句中缺少主语，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。 4．句意：我们需要遵循3R原则：减少、重复使用和回收。“reduce, reuse and...”为并列结构，三个动词原形并列。recycling是名词形式，此处需要动词原形recycle。 5．句意：中国许多城市正在尝试创意想法，给旧物第二次生命。give sth. a second life是固定搭配，意为“给某物第二次生命”，second以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 6．句意：例如，一些社区举办工作坊，教人们把旧布袋变成漂亮的手提包。teach sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“教某人做某事”，所以填to turn。 7．句意：如果我们都在日常生活中做出小的改变，我们就会产生大的影响。结合语境可知，前后为条件关系，应用if引导条件状语从句。句首需首字母大写。 8．句意：我们可以用棉布袋、玻璃瓶这类可重复使用的材料来替代一次性塑料制品。material表示材料种类时是可数名词，后文列举了多种材料，应用复数形式materials。 9．句意：我们还应该养成在扔掉垃圾之前将其分类的习惯。the habit of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的习惯”，of后接动名词separating。 10．句意：如果我们共同努力，我们将为子孙后代建设一个更清洁、更绿色的世界。If引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，所以填will build。 一、阅读理解 A Eco-Travel: Travel Green, Travel Smart Are you planning your next holiday? Why not try eco-travel? Eco-travel is a way of travelling that helps protect the environment and respects local cultures. Here are some tips for being a green traveller: Choose green transport. Take a train or a bus instead of flying. If you must fly, choose a direct flight to reduce carbon emissions. Once you arrive, walk, cycle or use public transport as much as possible. Stay in eco-friendly hotels. Look for hotels that have green certifications. These hotels save water and energy, reduce waste, and support local communities. Respect nature and wildlife. Don’t pick flowers or feed wild animals. Stay on marked paths when hiking. Remember: take only photos, leave only footprints. Support local economies. Buy local products and eat at local restaurants. This helps the local people and reduces the carbon footprint of transporting goods from far away. Reduce, reuse, recycle. Bring your own reusable bag, water bottle and cutlery. Avoid single-use plastics like straws and plastic bags. For more information on eco-travel, visit our website at www.greentravel.org. Let’s make our planet a better place, one trip at a time! 1．What is the main purpose of eco-travel according to the text? A．To save money on travelling. B．To help protect the environment and respect local cultures. C．To visit as many places as possible. D．To encourage people to fly more often. 2．What does the writer suggest doing when you arrive at your destination? A．Take a taxi everywhere. B．Walk, cycle or use public transport. C．Rent a car and drive alone. D．Stay in the hotel all day. 3．What does the underlined phrase “green certifications” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Certificates that hotels are environmentally friendly. B．Certificates that hotels are very expensive. C．Certificates that hotels provide good food. D．Certificates that hotels have beautiful views. 4．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a tip for eco-travel? A．Bringing your own reusable water bottle. B．Buying local products. C．Picking flowers as souvenirs. D．Staying on marked paths when hiking. 5．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A science textbook. B．A travel magazine. C．A history book. D．A storybook. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍生态旅行，给出绿色出行的实用建议，倡导旅行中保护环境。 1．根据第一段“Eco-travel is a way of travelling that helps protect the environment and respects local cultures.”可知，生态旅行是一种有助于保护环境、尊重当地文化的旅行方式。 2．根据“Choose green transport”部分“Once you arrive, walk, cycle or use public transport as much as possible.”可知，到达目的地后，尽量步行、骑行或者乘坐公共交通。 3．根据后文“These hotels save water and energy...”可知，这类酒店节水节能、减少废弃物，可推断green certifications指环保认证。 4．根据“Respect nature and wildlife”部分“Don’t pick flowers...”可知，摘花是不被允许的，也不是文中建议的行为。 5．文章主题是旅行、生态出游，文末附带旅行网站，最可能出自“旅行杂志”。 B（七选五） Nowadays, the food that you buy comes from many different countries. Have a look in your fridge, cupboard or fruit bowl, and check the origins (来源) of the food. Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from Egypt. 6 This journey from field to plate is called “food miles”—the distance that food travels from its production to the person who buys it. Nowadays, food often travels thousands of miles to get to the consumers. Why does this happen and what are the effects of these long distances? Traditionally, farmers sold their food in the local market so the food didn’t have to travel very far. The consumers also did not go far away, because they went to their local market to buy the food. This was a good system for farmers and consumers. 7 For example, consumers could only buy food that local farmers produced. In addition, they could only get food that was in season. Now, because of modern technology, food comes from all over the world. We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes. 8 However, some countries have to import most of their food. This is because they have a bad climate. The United Arab Emirates (UAE), for example, gets 90% of its food from other countries. Even food made in the UAE often uses imported materials. What’s wrong with “food miles”? Is the practice not a good way of increasing international trade? I believe it is for a number of reasons. First of all, because food travels such long distances, we need more planes, lorries, and ships to move the food. 9 In addition, food that travels a long way is not fresh and is usually not very tasty. Tomatoes, for example, are picked early and stored for their long journey. For this reason, they are usually tasteless when they get to the consumers. Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution. 10 A．So we’d better buy more local food. B．We can’t buy local food at any time. C．They are available in winter if we want. D．Eating more fruit is good for our health. E．However, there were some disadvantages. F．You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate. G．This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and global (全球的) warming may worsen. 【答案】 6．F 7．E 8．C 9．G 10．A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“食物里程”的概念，对比了传统本地食物系统与现代全球食物运输的利弊，分析了长距离运输带来的环境问题，并建议人们购买本地食物。 6．根据文章第1段“Perhaps there are apples from California, lamb from New Zealand, or potatoes from Egypt.（也许有来自加利福尼亚的苹果、新西兰的羊肉或埃及的土豆。）”以及后文“This journey from field to plate is called ‘food miles’（从田间到餐盘的这段旅程被称为‘食物里程’）”可推知结论，前文列举了食物来源地之远，选项F“You will probably be surprised how far food travels to get to your plate.”表达了对距离的惊讶，引出后文对食物里程的定义。 7．根据文章第2段“This was a good system for farmers and consumers.（这对农民和消费者来说是一个很好的系统。）”以及后文“For example, consumers could only buy food that local farmers produced.（例如，消费者只能购买当地农民生产的食物。）”可推知结论，前文提到是好的系统，后文列举了局限性，选项E“However, there were some disadvantages.”表示转折并引出了缺点。 8．根据文章第2段“We do not have to wait for spring or summer to buy strawberries or tomatoes.（我们不必等到春天或夏天才能买到草莓或西红柿。）”可推知结论，前文说明不需要等待特定季节，选项C“They are available in winter if we want.”进一步说明了这些食物在其他季节（如冬天）也能获得。 9．根据文章第4段“First of all, because food travels such long distances, we need more planes, lorries, and ships to move the food.（首先，因为食物运输距离如此之远，我们需要更多的飞机、卡车和轮船来运输食物。）”可推知结论，前文提到需要更多交通工具，选项G“This means we use more oil or petrol, so there is more pollution and global (全球的) warming may worsen.”说明了使用这些交通工具消耗燃料并导致的污染的后果。 10．根据文章第4段“Local food has a better taste, and it also reduces the amount of global pollution.（当地食物味道更好，也能减少全球污染量。）”可推知结论，前文阐述了当地食物的优点，选项A“So we’d better buy more local food.”是基于这些优点得出的购买建议。 二、完形填空。 Earth is our unique home in the whole universe. We are supposed to 1 it well. Unluckily, our living environment is 2 great challenges. Lots of factories give out waste gas and dirty water and 3 the natural surroundings. Some farmers destroy the land 4 improper farming ways. More terrible troubles appear one after another. Our planet is badly in 5 of help. How can we deal with these problems? To begin with, factories ought to 6 new methods to cut down pollution. If they break environmental rules, the local government has the duty to 7 them strictly. Besides, every citizen should spare no 8 to live a green life. Tiny daily actions can 9 a great influence on our earth. What’s more, we are supposed to grow plenty of trees 10 they can take in harmful gases and refresh the air. We must devote ourselves to protecting our living place. We should spare no 11 to improve the environment. 12 we take action right now, the earth will become worse and worse. We should also learn to recycle waste things instead of 13 them away casually. We can take public transport instead of driving private cars to 14 energy. 15 all, we have no other place to live except the earth. 1．A．guard B．build C．find D．choose 2．A．creating B．facing C．providing D．offering 3．A．protect B．improve C．destroy D．discover 4．A．by B．with C．through D．in 5．A．need B．trouble C．danger D．hope 6．A．create B．introduce C．discover D．adopt 7．A．warn B．punish C．praise D．accept 8．A．effort B．time C．money D．chance 9．A．cause B．produce C．have D．build 10．A．so B．because C．though D．but 11．A．ways B．efforts C．ideas D．skills 12．A．If B．Unless C．When D．Though 13．A．throw B．threw C．throwing D．to throw 14．A．save B．waste C．produce D．spend 15．A．After B．In C．At D．For 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了地球面临的环境问题，呼吁工厂、政府和公民共同努力，采取实际行动保护地球，强调地球是我们唯一的家园。 1．句意：我们应该好好保护它。 根据上文“Earth is our unique home”可知地球是我们唯一的家园，我们应该“守护/保护”它，应选用guard“保卫、守护”。build“建造”、find“找到”、choose“选择”，均不符合“保护家园”的语境。 2．句意：不幸的是，我们的生存环境正面临着巨大的挑战。 上文提到地球是我们的家园，我们应该好好保护它。然而，下文列举了工厂排污、农民破坏土地等多种环境问题，说明环境正在“面临”严峻考验。face challenges表示“面临挑战”，符合语境。creating“创造”、providing“提供”、offering“主动提供”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：许多工厂排放废气和污水，会破坏自然环境。 工厂排放污染物，会“破坏”自然环境，应选用destroy。protect“保护”、improve“改善”、discover“发现”，均与“排污破坏”的语境相反。 4．句意：一些农民通过不当的耕作方式破坏土地。 上文提到工厂排污破坏环境，此处列举农民的破坏行为，说明破坏的方式是通过“不当的耕作方式”。by表示“通过某种方式/手段”，符合“通过……方式破坏土地”的语境。with侧重“用具体工具”，through常用于“抽象途径”或“经历”，in表示“在……里面”，均不如by贴切。 5．句意：我们的星球急需帮助。 前文列举了工厂排污、农民破坏土地等多种环境问题，以及“More terrible troubles appear one after another.”（更多可怕的麻烦接连出现），说明地球处境危急，因此“急需帮助”。in need of是固定搭配，意为“需要”，符合语境。trouble“麻烦”、danger“危险”、hope“希望”，均不符合“急需援助”的含义。 6．句意：首先，工厂应该采用新方法来减少污染。 此处建议工厂“采用”新方法来减少污染，adopt意为“采用、采纳”，强调将已有的方法应用于实践中，符合语境。create“创造”，introduce“引入”，discover“发现”，均不符合语境。 7．句意：如果工厂破坏环境规则，当地政府有责任严格惩罚他们。 上文提到工厂应该减排，本句进一步说明如果工厂违规，政府应如何处理，punish意为“惩罚”，符合“对违规行为依法处罚”的语境，体现“严格执法”的必要性。warn“警告”语气较轻，praise“表扬”、accept“接受”均与“处罚违规”的语境不符。 8．句意：此外，每个公民都应该不遗余力地过绿色生活。 上文提到政府应惩罚违规工厂，此处将视角转向公民个人责任，说明每个公民也应“尽全力”参与到环保中。spare no effort是固定搭配，意为“不遗余力”，符合“尽力过环保生活”的语境。time“时间”、money“金钱”、chance“机会”，均不能构成此固定搭配。 9．句意：微小的日常行动也能对地球产生巨大影响。 上文提到公民应尽力过绿色生活，此处进一步说明日常小事积累起来也能“产生”重大影响。have a great influence on是固定搭配，意为“对……产生巨大影响”，符合“日常小事影响地球”的语境。cause“引起”、produce“生产”、build“建造”，均不符合语境。 10．句意：此外，我们应该种很多树，因为它们能吸收有害气体，净化空气。 前后为因果关系：种树是因为它们能吸收有害气体，应用because引导原因状语从句。so“因此”表结果，though“尽管”表让步，but“但是”表转折，均不符合逻辑。 11．句意：我们必须致力于保护我们的家园，不遗余力地改善环境。 承接上文“种树”等具体措施，此处强调我们必须全力投入环保。spare no efforts是固定搭配，意为“不遗余力”，符合“尽力改善环境”的语境。ways“方式”、ideas“想法”、skills“技能”，均不能构成此固定搭配。 12．句意：如果我们不立刻采取行动，地球会变得越来越糟。 上文强调要全力改善环境，本句从反面警示：如果不行动，后果会更严重。unless意为“除非/如果不”，相当于if not，符合“不行动就会恶化”的条件关系。If“如果”、When“当……时”、Though“虽然”，均不符合逻辑。 13．句意：我们还应该学会回收废物，而不是随意扔掉它们。 instead of后接动名词，表示“而不是……”，应选用throwing。throw为原形，threw为过去式，to throw为不定式，均不符合语法要求。 14．句意：我们可以乘坐公共交通而不是开私家车来节约能源。 “绿色出行”可以“节约”能源，save energy表示“节约能源”，符合语境。waste“浪费”、produce“生产”、spend“花费”，均不符合“节能”的目的。 15．句意：毕竟，除了地球我们没有其他地方可住。 全文最后总结，强调保护地球的必要性。After all意为“毕竟”，用于强调理由，符合“提醒人们珍惜地球”的语境。In all“总共”、At all“根本”（常用于否定句）、For all“尽管如此”，均不符合语境。 一、阅读理解 （2026.济南市市中区中考一模） A Friendly Shandong·Qilu No. 1 Qilu No. 1 is a tourist train in Shandong, China. It started on April 10, 2025. The train travels through 11 cities and stops at 22 stations. It has 15 carriages (车厢) with 666 seats. The ticket price is the same as regular trains. The train has many new features (特征). Two carriages are for fun activities. You can drink tea, play chess, and enjoy the view there. The dining car serves 140 kinds of Shandong food, like Zibo barbecue and Tai’an tofu. You can also buy local gifts on the train, such as Weifang paper-cuts. The train looks beautiful with blue-purple colors. Inside, it has new lights and comfortable seats. The restrooms are clean and safe for old people. Something Special Each carriage shows the culture-of one Shandong city. You can learn about different places while traveling. With your train ticket, you can get discounts (折扣) at over 170 scenic spots and 900 hotels. This train offers “slow travel” — you have more time to enjoy the journey. Passengers’ Voices Grandpa Li, 65: “I feel safe on this train. It has handrails and anti-slip floors. The cultural shows are wonderful!” Zhang Xiaoyu, 28: “I love taking photos from the observation carriage. The large windows are perfect for pictures.” The Chen Family: “Our children enjoy the games in the entertainment (娱乐) car. We all have a great time together.” 1. How many stations does Qilu No. 1 stop at? A. 10. B. 11. C. 15. D. 22. 2. What is the feature of the dining car? A. It has 666 seats for passengers. B. It is painted in blue-purple colors. C. It offers a taste of local food. D. It is only open during meal times. 3. What can passengers experience on the train? A. Watch the latest movies. B. Sleep comfortably all day long. C. Buy things at a discount. D. Enjoy local culture and scenery. 4. What does the “Passengers’ Voices” section show us? A. The train is suitable for different ages. B. Old people can take the train for free. C. Children don’t like the cultural shows. D. Young passengers prefer the slow travel. 5. How does the writer introduce Qilu No. 1? A. By explaining why it was built. B. By giving basic facts and details. C. By comparing it with regular trains. D. By telling a story of a passenger. 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了齐鲁一号旅游列车的基础信息、特色设施、文化亮点和乘客体验，展现了这趟“慢旅行”列车的独特魅力。 1.根据第一段“The train travels through 11 cities and stops at 22 stations.” 可知，齐鲁一号停靠 22 个站点。 2.第二段提到“The dining car serves 140 kinds of Shandong food, like Zibo barbecue and Tai’an tofu.”，说明餐车的特点是可以让旅客品尝当地美食。 3.第四段提到“Each carriage shows the culture of one Shandong city. You can learn about different places while traveling.”，每个车厢展示一座山东城市的文化，旅途中也可以欣赏风景，旅客可以享受当地文化与景色。 4.“Passengers’ Voices” 部分中，65 岁的李爷爷称赞列车安全、文化表演精彩；28 岁的张小宇喜欢拍照；陈家的孩子也喜欢娱乐车厢的游戏，说明这列火车适合不同年龄段的乘客。 5.文章先介绍了齐鲁一号的开通时间、途经城市、停靠站点、车厢数量等基础信息，又详细说明了列车的功能、特色、乘客福利及乘客反馈，整体是通过罗列基础事实和具体细节来介绍的。 B Graduation day came. The ceremony was loud. I heard Sarah crying on my left. Owen was laughing the way he always did—big and loud. We had spent six years together at this school. Now we were leaving. But I found it hard to say goodbye to my teachers and friends. After the event, our teachers led us back to the classroom. “Everyone, sit down,” Mrs. Miller said excitedly. I heard something being set on the table in front of me. It was a little heavy. I reached out my hand and touched a smooth surface. Then—a round face, a small nose, a big smile. My breath caught. “Is this... Sarah?” “Yes,” the teacher said softly. I stopped. I touched it again. I had heard that smile so many times. Now I could feel it. I moved my hand to the right. It was another face with big eyes and a small bump (凸起) above the left eye. That was Owen’s scar (伤疤), earned from a fall out of a tree in the third grade. “Owen,” I said quietly. Face after face. All my friends. I learned them with my hands. Then I reached for the last one. It felt different—older, lines around the eyes, a kind smile. “Teacher,” I said. I heard her take a deep breath. “Yes. That’s me.” I touched her face again—the laugh lines and the kindness written all over her face. This was the woman who had guided me for six years. At last, I knew her face. Under each face were tiny raised bumps. ‘Sarah Smith,’ the bumps spelled out. Under Owen’s face: ‘Owen Brown.’ This way, we would always remember each other’s names. Tears came out. For the first time, I could “see” all my friends—and so could they. 6. Which picture best shows the writer’s feeling according to paragraph 1? A. B. C. D. 7. How did Owen get his scar? A. He had a bike accident. B. He fell out of a tree. C. He was caught in a fire. D. He was born with it. 8. What do we know about the writer from the text? A. He always felt lonely at school. B. He forgot his friends’ names. C. He truly looked forward to his new life. D. He was in a school for the blind. 9. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in the last paragraph? A. The names. B. My friends. C. My teachers. D. The bumps. 10. What is the text mainly about? A. Kindness can be felt, not just seen. B. Friends should always stay together. C. Good memory requires careful practice. D. Graduation is full of tears and laughter. 【答案】 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了毕业日当天，一位视障学生通过触摸老师们制作的立体人像，第一次“看见”了陪伴自己六年的老师和朋友们的面孔，感人至深。 6.第一段作者描述毕业典礼上听到Sarah在哭、Owen在大笑，但自己难以告别老师和朋友，说明作者对毕业、离别感到不舍和难过，对应表情C项（难过的表情）。 7.第九段提到“That was Owen’s scar, earned from a fall out of a tree in the third grade.”，说明Owen的伤疤是三年级时从树上摔下来留下的。 8.第五段提到“I reached out my hand and touched a smooth surface.”，第八段提到“I touched it again.”，第九段提到“I moved my hand to the right.”，作者通过触摸来辨认老师和同学的面孔，说明他看不见，可推断，他就读于盲人学校。 9.最后一段作者说“For the first time, I could ‘see’ all my friends—and so could they.”，朋友们也能通过这些人像“看见”彼此，“they”指代前文提到的“my friends”。 10.全文通过视障学生触摸人像感知老师朋友面孔的故事，表达了善意和情感是可以通过触觉感受的，而不仅仅是通过视觉。 二、情境运用 根据所提供的图片，用一个完整的句子提问或应答。 （2026.济南市市中区中考一模） 1. A: Tom, let’s go camping this Saturday. B: Maybe we can’t, Mary. ____________________. 2. A: Wow, you have a robot at home? That’s so cool! B: Yeah, it’s really helpful. Look! ____________________. 3. A: ____________________? B: It’s at 7:30 PM. Don’t be late! 4. A: ____________________? B: In 1913. This invention made it possible to keep food fresh. 5. A: We should go check in now. ____________________? B: Yes, I have. I put it in my bag. 【参考答案】1. It will be rainy on Saturday 2. It’s sweeping the floor 3. When / What time does the movie / film start 4. When was the fridge invented 5. Have you taken your passport with you ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Reduce, Reuse,Recycle 课时4 Section B (1a-1e) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇 1. guardian 2. beside 3. smelly 4. ban5. riverbank 6. steady 7. income 8. clean‑up 9. generation 句型 句型 1. used to be 2. was not used to working 3.used to be 一、单词默写。 1. guardian 2. beside 3. smelly 4. ban5. riverbank 6. steady 7. income 8. clean‑up 9. generation 二、词组默写。 1. make sure 2. because of 3. grow up 4. as a result 5. take action 6. stop…from… 7. clean up 8. be used to doing 9. used to do 10. be used to do 11. a steady income 12. be proud of 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. make sure that 2. took action to deal with 3.stop;from 4.work together 5.for our future generations 一、阅读理解七选五。 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 5．G 二、阅读填空 1．to protect 2．has polluted/pollutes 3．which 4．recycle 5．a 6．to turn 7．If 8．materials 9．separating 10．will build 一、阅读理解 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．F 7．E 8．C 9．G 10．A 二、完形填空 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A 一、阅读理解 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 二、情景运用。 【参考答案】1. It will be rainy on Saturday 2. It’s sweeping the floor 3. When / What time does the movie / film start 4. When was the fridge invented 5. Have you taken your passport with you ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $