5.2 We Have Only One Earth!-Reading and Writing（练习）- 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版 第二版）【上好课】（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit5同步练习以“基础巩固-能力进阶-素养提升”分层设计，实现语法知识从单一应用到综合语用的递进，培养语言能力与环保意识。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|被动语态（不同时态）、现在进行时|10道单选聚焦语法点辨析，夯实基础语言能力| |能力进阶|语篇理解（主旨、细节、词汇推测）|阅读围绕自然灾难与人类活动，提升信息获取与思维品质| |素养提升|环保主题书面表达|80词短文写作，综合语言运用与文化意识（人类命运共同体）|

《英语 基础模块1》（外研版 第二版） Unit 5 We Have Only One Earth! Reading and Writing 同步练习 基础巩固 一、单项选择 1．The new AI-powered hospital ________ in our city, and patients can book appointments online now. A．was built B．has built C．is building D．has been built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这座新的人工智能医院已经在我们城市建成，病人现在可以在网上预约。 分析句子结构可知，设空处作句子的谓语，由and后的“patients can book appointments online now”可知，医院已经建成，强调对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），且主语The new Al-powered hospital和build之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态has been built。 2．The Guangzhou New Airport ________ next year to meet the growing traffic demand. A．is completed B．will complete C．will be completed D．has been completed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：广州新机场将于明年完工，以满足日益增长的交通需求。 时间状语next year表示将来，主语The Guangzhou New Airport与动词complete之间存在被动关系（机场被建设），因此需使用一般将来时的被动语态will be completed。 3．The window ________ by a boy yesterday. A．breaks B．broke C．is broken D．was broken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：窗户昨天被一个男孩打破了。 题干中“by a boy”表示动作执行者，要求使用被动语态；时间状语yesterday表明需用一般过去时。一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语“The window”为单数，故正确选项为was broken。 4．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean now. A．cleans B．cleaned C．was cleaned D．is cleaned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：教室每天都打扫，现在非常干净。 时间状语every day表示习惯性动作，需用一般现在时；主语The classroom与动词clean之间为被动关系（教室是被打扫的对象），因此应用被动语态。一般现在时被动语态的结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语为单数，故用is cleaned。 5．All the flights ________ due to the sudden storm that hit the coastal city last night. A．delayed B．was delayed C．were delayed D．are delayed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：由于昨晚突如其来的风暴袭击了这座沿海城市，所有航班都被延误了。 分析句子结构可知，句子主语“All the flights”与动词“delay”之间是被动关系，所以句子应用被动语态，其结构是“be+done”；根据“last night”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词应用were，故用were delayed。 6．Look! The students ________ games on the playground now. A．playing B．is playing C．are playing D．was playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！学生们正在操场上玩游戏。 句中“Look!”是现在进行时的标志词，句子需用现在进行时，结构为：is /am /are +动词的现在分词；主语“The students”是复数，be动词需用are。 7．—Your classroom looks so clean! — Yes. It ________ twice this week. A．has been cleaned B．has cleaned C．is cleaned D．was cleaned 【答案】A 【详解】句意： ——你们的教室看起来真干净！——是的，这周它已经被打扫两次了。 根据“Your classroom looks so clean!”及“twice this week”可知，是表示过去已发生动作对现在的影响或结果（教室很干净），要用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）；主语It指代classroom，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，即“教室被打扫”，需用现在完成时被动语态（have/has+been+过去分词）。 8．Our classroom ________ every morning. A．clean B．is cleaned C．clean D．cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的教室每天早上都被打扫。 根据主语“Our classroom”和时间状语“every morning”可知，教室是“被打扫”的对象，需用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用is，clean的过去分词为cleaned，故用is cleaned。 9．These pictures ________ by my father when he was in Beijing last year. A．took B．taken C．are taken D．were taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这些照片是我父亲去年在北京时拍的。 本句主语These pictures与动词take之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；时间状语last year表示过去的时间，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was /were +过去分词。 10．A new library with plenty of fresh books ________ in our school next month to provide more reading opportunities. A．will build B．will be built C．builds D．is built 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：我们学校下个月将建成一座有大量新书的图书馆，以提供更多阅读机会。根据next month可知，时态为一般将来时；主语“A new library”与谓语build是被动关系，需用一般将来时被动语态“will be+过去分词”。will be built符合语境。故选B。 能力进阶 二、阅读理解 Natural Disasters and Human Activities There have been more and more discussions on natural disasters in recent years. It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand. Experts tie the problem to rapid urban development, especially tree cutting and related human activities. Some people do not pay enough attention to smog, and they don’t know the gases from heavy industry and vehicles partly cause it. These harmful gases also lead to acid rain, though a very small part of acid rain comes from volcanoes or wildfires. When these gases enter the air, they also lead to global warming. Today we are growing too fast to remember the importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. We are promoting the use of green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. People are encouraged to use electric cars and public transportation. It is definitely not in our hands to prevent all disasters. But still, we should make some changes to protect the environment, and the number of such disasters is sure to reduce. 11．What is the main idea of the text? A．Natural disasters are only caused by natural reasons. B．Human activities are responsible for many natural disasters. C．Sandstorms are the most serious natural disaster. D．People can prevent all natural disasters easily. 12．What partly causes smog according to the text? A．Volcanoes and wildfires. B．Strong winds and loose soil. C．Gases from heavy industry and vehicles. D．Electric cars and public transportation. 13．Which of the following is a natural cause of acid rain? A．Tree cutting. B．Heavy industry. C．Volcanoes. D．Urban development. 14．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean in Chinese? A．高速的 B．可持续的 C．快速的 D．传统的 15．What can we do to reduce natural disasters according to the text? A．Cut down more trees. B．Use more private cars. C．Promote green energy use. D．Ignore environmental protection. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】主要介绍自然灾害与人类活动之间的关系。 【详解】11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. (许多自然灾害是由人类活动造成的环境破坏引发的。)”可知，人类活动对很多自然灾害负有责任。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some people do not pay enough attention to smog, and they don’t know the gases from heavy industry and vehicles partly cause it. (一些人没有足够重视雾霾，他们不知道重工业和车辆排放的气体是造成雾霾的部分原因。)”可知，来自重工业和车辆的气体在一定程度上造成雾霾。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“though a very small part of acid rain comes from volcanoes or wildfires. (尽管酸雨有很小一部分来自火山或野火。)”可知，火山是造成酸雨的自然原因。 14．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. (许多自然灾害都是由人类活动所造成的环境破坏引发的。)”，结合环保语境可推知，可持续发展对于自然和人类社会很重要，sustainable意为“可持续的”。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段“We are promoting the use of green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. (我们正在推广绿色能源的使用、多植树，努力遏制全球变暖。)”可知，推广使用绿色能源是我们可以用来减少自然灾害的做法。 素养提升 三、书面表达 16．随着社会文明的不断进步，环境污染日趋严重，为了保护地球有限的资源，我们应该采取什么措施呢？请以“How to protect the environment?”为题写一篇英语短文。 要求： 1.语言表达准确，短文连贯通顺； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 80词左右。 How to protect the environment? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to protect the environment? Although the world develops much faster and better, the resources on the earth get fewer and fewer. It’s time to take steps to protect the environment. Firstly, save water. Water is the source of life, so it’s very important for us to save water. Not only should we protect drinking water, but also should we make full use of it. Secondly, save electricity. Don’t forget to turn off the lights or other electric machines when we finish working. Thirdly, save forests. Please stop cutting them down and use recycled paper instead. If we can try our best to save resources, I believe we can make the world a better place to live in. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生以“How to protect the environment?”为题写一篇英语短文。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明主题，需要保护环境； 第二步，分步骤具体阐述如何保护环境； 第三步，总结，表达自己的期望。 [亮点词汇] ①take steps采取措施 ②not only...but also不仅……而且 ③make full use of充分利用 ④turn off the lights关灯 ⑤cut down减少 [高分句型] ①Although the world develops much faster and better, the resources on the earth get fewer and fewer.（比较级+比较级，表示“越来越”） ②Don’t forget to turn off the lights or other electric machines when we finish working.（祈使句的否定形式） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版 第二版） Unit 5 We Have Only One Earth! Reading and Writing 同步练习 基础巩固 一、单项选择 1．The new AI-powered hospital ________ in our city, and patients can book appointments online now. A．was built B．has built C．is building D．has been built 2．The Guangzhou New Airport ________ next year to meet the growing traffic demand. A．is completed B．will complete C．will be completed D．has been completed 3．The window ________ by a boy yesterday. A．breaks B．broke C．is broken D．was broken 4．The classroom ________ every day. It’s very clean now. A．cleans B．cleaned C．was cleaned D．is cleaned 5．All the flights ________ due to the sudden storm that hit the coastal city last night. A．delayed B．was delayed C．were delayed D．are delayed 6．Look! The students ________ games on the playground now. A．playing B．is playing C．are playing D．was playing 7．—Your classroom looks so clean! — Yes. It ________ twice this week. A．has been cleaned B．has cleaned C．is cleaned D．was cleaned 8．Our classroom ________ every morning. A．clean B．is cleaned C．clean D．cleaned 9．These pictures ________ by my father when he was in Beijing last year. A．took B．taken C．are taken D．were taken 10．A new library with plenty of fresh books ________ in our school next month to provide more reading opportunities. A．will build B．will be built C．builds D．is built 能力进阶 二、阅读理解 Natural Disasters and Human Activities There have been more and more discussions on natural disasters in recent years. It is known that sandstorms are caused naturally by strong winds blowing over loose soil or sand. Experts tie the problem to rapid urban development, especially tree cutting and related human activities. Some people do not pay enough attention to smog, and they don’t know the gases from heavy industry and vehicles partly cause it. These harmful gases also lead to acid rain, though a very small part of acid rain comes from volcanoes or wildfires. When these gases enter the air, they also lead to global warming. Today we are growing too fast to remember the importance of sustainable development for both nature and our human world. Many of the natural disasters are due to the environmental damage caused by human activities. It is lucky that humans have realized the importance of sustainable development as well as environmental protection, and things are getting better. We are promoting the use of green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. People are encouraged to use electric cars and public transportation. It is definitely not in our hands to prevent all disasters. But still, we should make some changes to protect the environment, and the number of such disasters is sure to reduce. 11．What is the main idea of the text? A．Natural disasters are only caused by natural reasons. B．Human activities are responsible for many natural disasters. C．Sandstorms are the most serious natural disaster. D．People can prevent all natural disasters easily. 12．What partly causes smog according to the text? A．Volcanoes and wildfires. B．Strong winds and loose soil. C．Gases from heavy industry and vehicles. D．Electric cars and public transportation. 13．Which of the following is a natural cause of acid rain? A．Tree cutting. B．Heavy industry. C．Volcanoes. D．Urban development. 14．What does the underlined word “sustainable” mean in Chinese? A．高速的 B．可持续的 C．快速的 D．传统的 15．What can we do to reduce natural disasters according to the text? A．Cut down more trees. B．Use more private cars. C．Promote green energy use. D．Ignore environmental protection. 素养提升 三、书面表达 16．随着社会文明的不断进步，环境污染日趋严重，为了保护地球有限的资源，我们应该采取什么措施呢？请以“How to protect the environment?”为题写一篇英语短文。 要求： 1.语言表达准确，短文连贯通顺； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 80词左右。 How to protect the environment? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $