Unit 3 Festivals and customs（重难词汇精练）英语译林版必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“Festivals and customs”为主题，构建“词汇基础—语境应用”递进式训练体系，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |重点单词|30词|中英释义匹配|核心概念输入，夯实主题词汇基础| |词性转换|15组|词形变化填空|构词法逻辑，建立词汇形态关联| |核心短语|25个|固定搭配补全|语义搭配积累，强化语境运用能力| |语法填空/完形/写作|各1篇|语篇综合填空与应用文写作|从单句到语篇，实现词汇—语法—文化的综合输出|

Unit 3 Festivals and customs 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 4 六、单句语法填空 5 02 词汇语境练 5 一、语法填空 5 二、完形填空 6 三、应用文写作 7 一、重点单词 1. _______________n．婚礼，结婚庆典 2. _______________n．风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 3. _______________adj.普通的，平常的；平庸的 4. _______________n．班机，航班；航程；飞行 5. _______________adj.愉快的，高兴的 6. _______________n．水流，潮流；电流；思潮 adj.当前的；通用的 7. _______________n．乐队，乐团；一伙，一帮；带，箍 8. _______________n．戏装，装扮用服装 9. _______________vi.& vt.鼓掌，拍手 n．鼓掌，拍手 10. _______________vi.齐步走，前进；游行示威 n．游行示威；行进 11. _______________adj.惹人注意的，引人注目的 12. _______________n．民族，国家；国民 13. _______________n．一代人；代，一代；产生 14. _______________n．责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税 15. _______________n．来源；起源；源头 16. _______________vi.& vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕 17. _______________n．包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装 18. _______________n．交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 19. _______________ n．东西，物品；活儿，话 vt.填满，装满；把……塞进 20. _______________n．收入，收益 21. _______________n．特性；身份 22. _______________adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的 23. _______________n．午夜，子夜 24. _______________adj.整洁的，整齐的；有条理的 25. _______________n．烟火，烟花 26. _______________n．灯笼，提灯 27. _______________n．谜，谜语 28. _______________n．前夜，前夕 29. _______________n．种类，类别 vt.整理，分类；妥善处理 30. _______________n．眼泪，泪珠 vt.& vi.撕裂，撕碎 二、词性转换 1. romantic adj.浪漫的；爱情的→_______________n．爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情 2. decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→_______________n．装饰；装饰物 3. impression n．印象，感想；影响，效果→_______________v．给……留下深刻印象→_______________adj.令人赞叹的 4. entrance n．入口；进入，出场；准许加入；进入权→_______________v．进入 5. occasion n．时刻；时机；特殊场合，盛会→_______________adj.偶然的；偶尔的→_______________adv.偶然；有时候 6. formal adj.(穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→_______________adv.正式地→_______________adj.非正式的，不正规的 7. tradition n．传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→_______________adj.传统的→_______________adv.传统上 8. honour/honor n．尊重，尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守→_______________adj.可敬的→_______________ adj.感到荣幸的 9. promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→_______________n．促进，推动；促销；晋升 10. observe vt.遵守；观察；注意到；庆祝→_______________n．观察；监视 11. select vt.选择，挑选→_______________n．选择，挑选 12. settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置→_______________n．移民→_______________n．解决；定居点 13. convenient adj.便利的，方便的，省事的；实用的→_______________n．方便，便利；便利设施 14. represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现→_______________n．代表；典型人物 adj.有代表性的；典型的 15. fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；命运→_______________adj.幸运的→_______________adv.幸运地 三、核心短语 1. _______________决不，根本不 2. _______________可感觉到；在传播中 3. _______________被卷入，陷入 4. _______________笨手笨脚 5. _______________发生；举行 6. _______________根据，依据 7. _______________使某人想起……；提醒某人…… 8. _______________承诺，允诺 9. _______________适逢，正当 10. _______________为向……表示敬意 11. _______________使世代相传，流传 12. _______________ 代表，象征 13. _______________先于；在……之前 14. _______________谋生 15. _______________就位 16. _______________一波接一波 17. _______________难怪 18. _______________发财 19. _______________为方便起见 20. _______________使爆炸 21. _______________安顿下来，定居于 22. _______________(时间)流逝；过去 23. _______________熬夜，睡得很晚 24. _______________照亮；露出喜色 25. _______________毕竟；终究 四、单词拼写 1．The older ________ (一代) of the family still remember the hardships they endured during the war years. 2．My little sister cried loudly after being ________ (被咬) by a small dog while playing in the park. 3．It is the duty of every citizen to ________ (遵守) the traffic regulations to ensure road safety for everyone. 4．When asked，she confirmed that she was going to  ____________ (退休)． 5．At ________(午夜), the streets of the city were unusually quiet and empty. 6．The ________ (当前的) situation calls for immediate action from both the government and the public. 7．The only ________（缺点）of the apartment was that it was too small. 8．He has given up his free lifestyle to s___________ (定居) down with his baby daughter. 9．Different ethnic groups have different cultures and _________ (习俗). 10．As a player, Lang Ping brought _________ (荣誉) and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. 五、完成句子 1．All drivers are required to _______________ (遵守交通规则) to ensure road safety. 2．The celebration lasted ________ ________ (直到午夜) when the last guests finally left the party. 3．His ________ ________ (对……的印象) the city changed greatly after he lived there for six months. 4．为了纪念这位伟大的科学家，人们建立了一座雕像。 A statue was built ________ ________ ________ the great scientist. 5． My cousin __________________________ last year for a volunteer program in the countryside.（出发） 6．恐怕我们得加班，因为有些问题很难解决。 I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for ________________________________. 7．除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。 On New Year’s Eve, people ______________ to enjoy a feast and ______________. 8．根据新的法律，任何人都不允许捕杀野生动物。 ____________ the new laws, no one is allowed to _________________. 9．他对医学做出了巨大贡献，但是发现青霉素使他获得了终生的荣誉。 He made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discovery of penicillin that ________. 10．我知道，当我把整个情况解释清楚后，你会同意我的。 I knew you ________ ________ with me when I explained the whole situation. 六、单句语法填空 1． (earn) a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. 2．The older (generate) often complain that young people spend too much time on their smartphones. 3．The professor’s lecture was so inspiring that it made a deep (impress) on every student in the hall. 4．The manager had his office (decorate) before the new year came. 5．With so many problems (settle), the manager stayed in the office late into night. 6．Out (rush) the little boy when he heard the bell ring. 7．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 8．We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite (smooth). 9．Acceptance increases peace within us, unlike social media interaction, which (promote) self-judgment and other-judgment. 10．As treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese festivals are worth (pass) down from generation to generation. 一、语法填空 （26-27高二上·河北承德·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 2,000 years, the Chinese people 1 (guide) by the ideas of Confucianism. Now in Confucius’ birthplace, Shandong province, ancient traditions are not just words in textbooks, but are brilliant, real experiences. Elizova Elizaveta, 2 23-year-old Russian student learning Chinese in Qufu, Shandong, recently took part in one such experience. As she 3 (careful) smoothed a sheet of paper over a stone and sprinkled (喷洒) it with water, she experienced the magic of the age-old technique of rubbings (拓印). “This unique practice, which does not exist in Russia, is 4 makes Chinese culture so fascinating,” she said, 5 (touch) the forming image with her hands. Not too far away in Luyuan village in Qufu, tourists get the opportunity to take part in various traditional activities. They can try their hand at weaving beautiful lujin and watch 6 (profession) acrobatic (杂技的) performances from up close. These examples of intangible cultural heritage, once nearly 7 (forget), are gaining new life by combining with modern tourism. They represent Shandong’s push for creative development of fine traditional Chinese culture. As the birthplace of Qilu culture and home to great thinkers, Shandong uses its long history 8 (keep) old traditions alive today. The province hosted the 11th Nishan Forum on World Civilizations in July 2025, 9 brought together more than 560 guests from over 70 countries and regions. The guests explored the interplay between cultural 10 (diverse) and modernization. 二、完形填空 （24-25高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa's farm. It was a feast (盛宴) but without 1 occasion. We had chicken, potatoes, green salad, corn and fruit salad. We sat at the table. Grandma 2 the food to Grandpa and their girls. Grandpa said, “Looks delicious. I’m as 3 as a bear.” As soon as Grandpa picked up his 4 , they heard a car drive up. Grandma opened the door, and in came Aunt Maud. “Come in! You’re just in time,” Grandpa said. Then in came Aunt Dessie, Aunt Clara, friends, and their families. Grandma was a little 5 , “I never expected so many guests to come, but I can 6 it.” Grandpa sat in the doorway. There was little 7 in the kitchen behind his chair. So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could 8 . But when he sat down again a strange thing happened: His plate had 9 before his eyes! He put his fork down, thinking to himself, “Well, there seems no 10 for my plate anymore.” Grandma tried to serve the kids some water, but Aunt Dessie 11 her, “We’ll take care of ourselves.” Then everyone started 12 around the sink (水池) and cupboard to drink water. Kids were thirsty! There were lots of kids. Grandma had enough food for four, not twenty-four! 13 , Aunt Dessie helped Grandma make more dishes. The girls 14 to help, but Aunt Dessie said they were too 15 and had better stay at the table so that they wouldn't do more harm than good. Grandma added some more foods to everyone's plate. There was lots of laughter. No one doubted they had a good time. They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate, but did know that he enjoyed the reunion and that was enough! 1．A．real B．proper C．special D．troublesome 2．A．threw B．introduced C．passed D．sent 3．A．strong B．clever C．brave D．hungry 4．A．fork B．glasses C．book D．pencil 5．A．funny B．scared C．surprised D．interested 6．A．control B．manage C．design D．achieve 7．A．time B．money C．company D．room 8．A．take off B．pass through C．come up D．look out 9．A．changed B．flown C．grown D．disappeared 10．A．use B．color C．solution D．importance 11．A．encouraged B．told C．found D．followed 12．A．waiting B．hanging C．playing D．looking 13．A．Still B．Besides C．Therefore D．However 14．A．ended B．tried C．needed D．explained 15．A．helpful B．active C．young D．naughty 三、应用文写作 （26-27·浙江·高二上开学考试）假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Peter因学校将举办“中国文化周”活动，邀请你录制一则介绍中国传统节日的短视频（3分钟）。请给他回信，内容包括： (1) 介绍拍摄方案； (2) 说明选择理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter,   _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Festivals and customs 一、重点单词 1. wedding 2. custom 3. ordinary 4. flight 5. merry 6. current 7. band 8. costume 9. clap 10. march 11. eye-catching 12. nation 13. generation 14. duty 15. source 16. hunt 17. package 18. vehicle 19. stuff 20. income 21. identity 22. precious 23. midnight 24. neat 25. firework 26. lantern 27. riddle 28. eve 29. sort 30. tear 二、词性转换 1. romance 2. decoration 3. impress；impressive 4. enter 5. occasional ；occasionally 6. formally ；informal 7. traditional；traditionally 8. honourable ；honoured 9. promotion 10. observation 11. selection 12. settler ；settlement 13. convenience 14. representative 15. ortunate；fortunately 三、核心短语 1. anything but 2. in the air 3. be caught up in 4. have two left feet 5. take place 6. according to 7. remind sb of... 8. make a promise 9. fall on 10. in honour of 11. pass down 12. stand for 13. be previous to 14. earn one’s living/earn a living 15. take one’s place 16. wave after wave 17. no wonder 18. make a fortune/make one’s fortune 19. for convenience 20. set off 21. settle in/settle into 22. go by 23. stay up late 24. light up 25. after all 四、单词拼写 1．generation 2．bitten 3．observe 4．retire 5．midnight 6．current/present 7．drawback 8．settle 9．customs 10．honour/honor 五、完成句子 1．observe the traffic rules 2．until midnight 3．impression of 4．in memory/hono(u)r of 5. set off/set out 6．some problems are hard to settle 7．get together with their families set off fireworks 8．According to hunt wild animals 9．made him earn lifelong honor 10．would agree 六、单句语法填空 1．To earn 2．generation 3．impression 4．decorated 5．to settle 6．rushed 7．biting 8．smoothly 9．promotes 10．passing 一、语法填空 1．have been guided 2．a 3．carefully 4．what 5．touching 6．professional 7．forgotten 8．to keep 9．which 10．diversity 二、完形填空 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 三、应用文写作 【范文】 Dear Peter, I’m delighted to accept your invitation to make a video for the “Chinese Culture Week”. I plan to feature the Spring Festival, the most important traditional festival in China. In the 3-minute video, I will introduce its origins and showcase typical customs like pasting spring couplets and having reunion dinners. I also plan to insert some clips of my family celebrating to make it more vivid. I chose this festival because it perfectly embodies the core Chinese value of family reunion. I believe this theme will resonate with your schoolmates and help them understand our culture. Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Festivals and customs 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 5 六、单句语法填空 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、完形填空 10 三、应用文写作 13 一、重点单词 1. wedding n．婚礼，结婚庆典 2. custom n．风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾 3. ordinary adj.普通的，平常的；平庸的 4. flight n．班机，航班；航程；飞行 5. merry adj.愉快的，高兴的 6. current n．水流，潮流；电流；思潮 adj.当前的；通用的 7. band n．乐队，乐团；一伙，一帮；带，箍 8. costume n．戏装，装扮用服装 9. clap vi.& vt.鼓掌，拍手 n．鼓掌，拍手 10. march vi.齐步走，前进；游行示威 n．游行示威；行进 11. eye-catching adj.惹人注意的，引人注目的 12. nation n．民族，国家；国民 13. generation n．一代人；代，一代；产生 14. duty n．责任，义务；上班，值班；职责；税 15. source n．来源；起源；源头 16. hunt vi.& vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕 17. package n．包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装 18. vehicle n．交通工具，车辆；手段，工具 19. stuff n．东西，物品；活儿，话 vt.填满，装满；把……塞进 20. income n．收入，收益 21. identity n．特性；身份 22. precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的 23. midnight n．午夜，子夜 24. neat adj.整洁的，整齐的；有条理的 25. firework n．烟火，烟花 26. lantern n．灯笼，提灯 27. riddle n．谜，谜语 28. eve n．前夜，前夕 29. sort n．种类，类别 vt.整理，分类；妥善处理 30. tear n．眼泪，泪珠 vt.& vi.撕裂，撕碎 二、词性转换 1. romantic adj.浪漫的；爱情的→romance n．爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情 2. decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→decoration n．装饰；装饰物 3. impression n．印象，感想；影响，效果→impress v．给……留下深刻印象→impressive adj.令人赞叹的 4. entrance n．入口；进入，出场；准许加入；进入权→enter v．进入 5. occasion n．时刻；时机；特殊场合，盛会→occasional adj.偶然的；偶尔的→occasionally adv.偶然；有时候 6. formal adj.(穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→formally adv.正式地→informal adj.非正式的，不正规的 7. tradition n．传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统上 8. honour/honor n．尊重，尊敬；荣幸；荣誉 vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守→honourable adj.可敬的→honoured adj.感到荣幸的 9. promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→promotion n．促进，推动；促销；晋升 10. observe vt.遵守；观察；注意到；庆祝→observation n．观察；监视 11. select vt.选择，挑选→selection n．选择，挑选 12. settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置→settler n．移民→settlement n．解决；定居点 13. convenient adj.便利的，方便的，省事的；实用的→convenience n．方便，便利；便利设施 14. represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现→representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.有代表性的；典型的 15. fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；命运→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 三、核心短语 1. anything but决不，根本不 2. in the air可感觉到；在传播中 3. be caught up in被卷入，陷入 4. have two left feet笨手笨脚 5. take place发生；举行 6. according to根据，依据 7. remind sb of...使某人想起……；提醒某人…… 8. make a promise 承诺，允诺 9. fall on适逢，正当 10. in honour of为向……表示敬意 11. pass down 使世代相传，流传 12. stand for 代表，象征 13. be previous to先于；在……之前 14. earn one’s living/earn a living谋生 15. take one’s place就位 16. wave after wave一波接一波 17. no wonder 难怪 18. make a fortune/make one’s fortune发财 19. for convenience为方便起见 20. set off使爆炸 21. settle in/settle into安顿下来，定居于 22. go by (时间)流逝；过去 23. stay up late熬夜，睡得很晚 24. light up照亮；露出喜色 25. after all毕竟；终究 四、单词拼写 1．The older ________ (一代) of the family still remember the hardships they endured during the war years. 【答案】generation 【详解】句意：这个家庭的老一代人仍然记得他们在战争年代所经历的艰难困苦。根据汉语提示“一代”可知，应填入名词generation，在句中作主语。 2．My little sister cried loudly after being ________ (被咬) by a small dog while playing in the park. 【答案】bitten 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹在公园玩耍时被一只小狗咬了之后大声哭了起来。根据汉语提示“被咬”可知，此处需用动词bite，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，结合being可知，此处使用动名词的被动语态being bitten作宾语。 3．It is the duty of every citizen to ________ (遵守) the traffic regulations to ensure road safety for everyone. 【答案】observe 【详解】句意：每个公民都有责任遵守交通规则，以确保每个人的道路安全。根据汉语提示“遵守”可知，本空应填动词observe，该空位于动词不定式符号to之后，故使用动词原形。 4．When asked，she confirmed that she was going to  ____________ (退休)． 【答案】retire 【详解】考查动词。句意：当被问到，她证实了她要退休了。be going to do sth.“将要做某事”，故填retire。 5．At ________(午夜), the streets of the city were unusually quiet and empty. 【答案】midnight 【详解】句意：在午夜，城市的街道异常安静和空荡。根据汉语提示“午夜”可知，应填入名词midnight，作介词at的宾语，构成固定搭配at midnight（在午夜）。 6．The ________ (当前的) situation calls for immediate action from both the government and the public. 【答案】current/present 【详解】句意：当前的局势要求政府和公众立即采取行动。设空处位于定冠词The和名词situation之间，需用形容词作定语修饰名词。根据汉语提示“当前的”，对应的英文单词为current或present。 7．The only ________（缺点）of the apartment was that it was too small. 【答案】drawback 【详解】句意：这间公寓唯一的缺点是太小了。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，再结合语义，故填drawback。 8．He has given up his free lifestyle to s___________ (定居) down with his baby daughter. 【答案】settle 【详解】考查动词。句意：他放弃了自由的生活方式，和他的小女儿安定下来。短语settle down“定居”，根据上文to，故填settle。 9．Different ethnic groups have different cultures and _________ (习俗). 【答案】customs 【详解】句意：不同的民族有不同的文化和习俗。根据提示的汉语，表示“习俗”为名词customs， 为可数名词。由“cultures”可知，空处应填customs。 10．As a player, Lang Ping brought _________ (荣誉) and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. 【答案】honour/honor 【详解】句意：作为一名球员，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。作为一名教练，她带领中国女排在世界锦标赛和奥运会上获得奖牌。根据汉语提示“荣誉”可知，应填名词honor或honour，作动词 brought 的宾语，不可数。 五、完成句子 1．All drivers are required to _______________ (遵守交通规则) to ensure road safety. 【答案】observe the traffic rules 【详解】句意：所有司机都必须遵守交通规则，以保障道路安全。be required to do sth.是固定结构，表示“被要求做某事”，汉语提示“遵守交通规则”可译为observe the traffic rules，observe用原形。 2．The celebration lasted ________ ________ (直到午夜) when the last guests finally left the party. 【答案】until midnight 【详解】句意：庆祝活动一直持续到午夜，这时最后一批客人终于离开了派对。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“直到午夜”应用介词短语until midnight；until此处为介词，意为“直到……为止”，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。 3．His ________ ________ (对……的印象) the city changed greatly after he lived there for six months. 【答案】impression of 【详解】句意：在那里住了六个月后，他对这座城市的印象大为改观。根据汉语提示“对……的印象”可知，空处应填impression of。 4．为了纪念这位伟大的科学家，人们建立了一座雕像。 A statue was built ________ ________ ________ the great scientist. 【答案】in memory/hono(u)r of 【详解】表示“为了纪念”，用固定短语in memory/hono(u)r of。 5． My cousin __________________________ last year for a volunteer program in the countryside.（出发） 【答案】set off/set out 【详解】句意：我的堂兄去年出发去农村参加一个志愿者项目。根据汉语提示“出发”，用set off或set out。且根据句中时间状语last year可知，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。 6．恐怕我们得加班，因为有些问题很难解决。 I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for ________________________________. 【答案】some problems are hard to settle 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“有些问题很难解决”；由I’m可知，时态为一般现在时；“有些问题”翻译为some problems，在句中作主语；“很难”翻译为be hard，在句中作系表结构，主语some problems为复数，be动词用are；“解决”翻译为settle，用be hard to do结构，settle用动词原形，在句中作表语补足语。 7．除夕夜，人们和家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭，并燃放烟花。 On New Year’s Eve, people ______________ to enjoy a feast and ______________. 【答案】get together with their families set off fireworks 【详解】描述一般事实，用一般现在时，第一空“和家人团聚在一起”表达为get together with their families；第二空“燃放烟花”表达为set off fireworks。 8．根据新的法律，任何人都不允许捕杀野生动物。 ____________ the new laws, no one is allowed to _________________. 【答案】According to hunt wild animals 【详解】表示“根据”用固定短语according to，句首单词，首字母大写。 表示“捕杀”用hunt，to后用动词原形。 表示“野生动物”用wild animals，作hunt的宾语。 9．他对医学做出了巨大贡献，但是发现青霉素使他获得了终生的荣誉。 He made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discovery of penicillin that ________. 【答案】made him earn lifelong honor 【详解】表示“使某人做某事”用make sb. do sth.，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。表示“他”用him，作made的宾语。表示“获得”用earn，用省略to的不定式，作宾补。表示“终生的荣誉”用lifelong honor，作earn的宾语。 10．我知道，当我把整个情况解释清楚后，你会同意我的。 I knew you ________ ________ with me when I explained the whole situation. 【答案】would agree 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“会同意”。主句谓语knew为一般过去时，宾语从句中表示“从过去看将来会发生的事”，应用过去将来时；动词短语agree with意为“同意某人的看法/意见”，空处应填would agree。 六、单句语法填空 1． (earn) a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. 【答案】To earn 【详解】句意：为了谋生，一些人在中国城开设了商店和餐馆。此处earn作目的状语用不定式，句首单词首字母大写。 2．The older (generate) often complain that young people spend too much time on their smartphones. 【答案】generation 【详解】句意：老一辈人经常抱怨年轻人花太多时间在智能手机上。The older______作主语，所填词为名词；动词generate的名词形式为generation，the older generation为固定表达，意为“老一辈人”。 3．The professor’s lecture was so inspiring that it made a deep (impress) on every student in the hall. 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：教授的讲座非常鼓舞人心，给大厅里的每个学生都留下了深刻的印象。空处需用名词单数形式作made的宾语；提示词impress为动词，其名词形式为impression，意为“印象”；固定搭配make an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”，此处deep修饰impression，表示“留下深刻的印象”。 4．The manager had his office (decorate) before the new year came. 【答案】decorated 【详解】句意：经理在新年到来之前就布置了办公室。此处decorate与office构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 5．With so many problems (settle), the manager stayed in the office late into night. 【答案】to settle 【详解】句意：有这么多问题尚待解决，经理在办公室待到深夜。此处为with 复合结构：with + 宾语 + 非谓语，且表将来、有待完成，事情还没做应用不定式。 6．Out (rush) the little boy when he heard the bell ring. 【答案】rushed 【详解】句意：听到铃声响起，小男孩冲了出去。副词Out置于句首，句子用完全倒装，将谓语放在主语前；时间状语从句为一般过去时heard，主句时态保持一致，rush的过去式为rushed。 7．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 【答案】biting 【详解】句意：小女孩轻轻地咬着热乎乎的自制苹果派，不停地告诉奶奶，这道甜点真的是多么香甜可口。动词bite意为“咬”，由谓语动词kept可知，应用非谓语动词形式，与主语The little girl之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。 8．We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite (smooth). 【答案】smoothly 【详解】句意：我们本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。所填词作状语修饰动词went，要填副词；同时quite作程度副词，要修饰副词的原级，故将smooth变成smoothly。 9．Acceptance increases peace within us, unlike social media interaction, which (promote) self-judgment and other-judgment. 【答案】promotes 【详解】句意：与会促进自我判断和他人判断的社交媒体互动不同，接纳会增加我们内心的平静。本句描述一般情况，应使用一般现在时，which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词social media interaction，所以从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式promotes。 10．As treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese festivals are worth (pass) down from generation to generation. 【答案】passing 【详解】句意：作为中华文化的瑰宝，中国节日值得被一代又一代传承下去。be worth doing sth. 意为“值得做某事”，用主动形式表达被动含义。 一、语法填空 （26-27高二上·河北承德·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For more than 2,000 years, the Chinese people 1 (guide) by the ideas of Confucianism. Now in Confucius’ birthplace, Shandong province, ancient traditions are not just words in textbooks, but are brilliant, real experiences. Elizova Elizaveta, 2 23-year-old Russian student learning Chinese in Qufu, Shandong, recently took part in one such experience. As she 3 (careful) smoothed a sheet of paper over a stone and sprinkled (喷洒) it with water, she experienced the magic of the age-old technique of rubbings (拓印). “This unique practice, which does not exist in Russia, is 4 makes Chinese culture so fascinating,” she said, 5 (touch) the forming image with her hands. Not too far away in Luyuan village in Qufu, tourists get the opportunity to take part in various traditional activities. They can try their hand at weaving beautiful lujin and watch 6 (profession) acrobatic (杂技的) performances from up close. These examples of intangible cultural heritage, once nearly 7 (forget), are gaining new life by combining with modern tourism. They represent Shandong’s push for creative development of fine traditional Chinese culture. As the birthplace of Qilu culture and home to great thinkers, Shandong uses its long history 8 (keep) old traditions alive today. The province hosted the 11th Nishan Forum on World Civilizations in July 2025, 9 brought together more than 560 guests from over 70 countries and regions. The guests explored the interplay between cultural 10 (diverse) and modernization. 【答案】 1．have been guided 2．a 3．carefully 4．what 5．touching 6．professional 7．forgotten 8．to keep 9．which 10．diversity 【导语】本文介绍山东依托深厚历史底蕴，结合现代旅游让非物质文化遗产重焕生机。 【详解】1．考查动词时态、语态。句意：两千多年来，中国人一直受儒家思想的指引。根据时间状语For more than 2,000 years可知用现在完成时；主语the Chinese people和guide之间是被动关系，主要为复数意义，所以谓语动词为have been guided，be guided by意为“受……指引”。 2．考查冠词。句意：23岁的俄罗斯学生Elizova Elizaveta在山东曲阜学习中文，最近参与了这样一次体验。此处表示“一位23岁的俄罗斯学生”，表泛指；23‑year‑old以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 3．考查副词。句意：当她小心地把一张纸抚平在石头上并往上面喷水时，她感受到了古老拓印技艺的魅力。此处修饰动词smoothed，要用副词形式carefully。 4．考查表语从句。句意：“这种在俄罗斯不存在的独特技艺，正是让中国文化如此迷人的地方。”她一边说着，一边用手触摸正在成型的图案。本句为表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事物/地方”，用what引导。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：“这种在俄罗斯不存在的独特技艺，正是让中国文化如此迷人的地方。”她一边说着，一边用手触摸正在成型的图案。主语she与touch之间是主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。 6．考查形容词。句意：他们可以亲手编织精美的鲁锦，还可以近距离观看专业的杂技表演。此处修饰名词acrobatic performances，需要形容词professional作定语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些曾经几乎被遗忘的非物质文化遗产范例，通过与现代旅游相结合重获新生。此处为非谓语动词作状语，intangible cultural heritage和forget之间是被动关系，once nearly forgotten表示“曾经几乎被遗忘的”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为齐鲁文化的发源地和众多思想家的故乡，山东利用其悠久的历史让古老传统在今天延续。固定搭配use sth. to do sth.“利用某物做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 9．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该省于2025年7月举办了第十一届尼山世界文明论坛，汇集了来自70多个国家和地区的560余名嘉宾。先行词为the 11th Nishan Forum on World Civilizations，指物，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，用which引导。 10．考查名词。句意：嘉宾们探讨了文化多样性与现代化之间的相互影响。cultural为形容词，后面接名词；diverse的名词形式diversity意为“多样性”，cultural diversity“文化多样性”。 二、完形填空 （24-25高一上·湖南长沙·开学考试）It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa's farm. It was a feast (盛宴) but without 1 occasion. We had chicken, potatoes, green salad, corn and fruit salad. We sat at the table. Grandma 2 the food to Grandpa and their girls. Grandpa said, “Looks delicious. I’m as 3 as a bear.” As soon as Grandpa picked up his 4 , they heard a car drive up. Grandma opened the door, and in came Aunt Maud. “Come in! You’re just in time,” Grandpa said. Then in came Aunt Dessie, Aunt Clara, friends, and their families. Grandma was a little 5 , “I never expected so many guests to come, but I can 6 it.” Grandpa sat in the doorway. There was little 7 in the kitchen behind his chair. So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could 8 . But when he sat down again a strange thing happened: His plate had 9 before his eyes! He put his fork down, thinking to himself, “Well, there seems no 10 for my plate anymore.” Grandma tried to serve the kids some water, but Aunt Dessie 11 her, “We’ll take care of ourselves.” Then everyone started 12 around the sink (水池) and cupboard to drink water. Kids were thirsty! There were lots of kids. Grandma had enough food for four, not twenty-four! 13 , Aunt Dessie helped Grandma make more dishes. The girls 14 to help, but Aunt Dessie said they were too 15 and had better stay at the table so that they wouldn't do more harm than good. Grandma added some more foods to everyone's plate. There was lots of laughter. No one doubted they had a good time. They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate, but did know that he enjoyed the reunion and that was enough! 1．A．real B．proper C．special D．troublesome 2．A．threw B．introduced C．passed D．sent 3．A．strong B．clever C．brave D．hungry 4．A．fork B．glasses C．book D．pencil 5．A．funny B．scared C．surprised D．interested 6．A．control B．manage C．design D．achieve 7．A．time B．money C．company D．room 8．A．take off B．pass through C．come up D．look out 9．A．changed B．flown C．grown D．disappeared 10．A．use B．color C．solution D．importance 11．A．encouraged B．told C．found D．followed 12．A．waiting B．hanging C．playing D．looking 13．A．Still B．Besides C．Therefore D．However 14．A．ended B．tried C．needed D．explained 15．A．helpful B．active C．young D．naughty 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文讲述爷爷奶奶农场的家常晚餐，原本只是普通一餐，不料大批客人突然到访，大家热热闹闹共享晚餐，虽突发状况不断，但所有人都度过了愉快的团聚时光。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：这是一顿盛宴，但并非发生在特殊场合。A. real真实的；B. proper恰当的；C. special特殊的；D. troublesome麻烦的。根据上文“It was dinnertime at Grandma and Grandpa’s farm.”、“It was a feast (盛宴)”以及转折词“but”可知，前文提到这是一顿盛宴，但转折词but说明这顿饭不是为了某个特殊场合准备的，只是普通的晚餐。 2．考查动词。句意：奶奶把食物递给爷爷和女孩们。A. threw扔；B. introduced介绍；C. passed传递；D. sent发送。根据下文“the food to Grandpa and their girls”可知，这是在描述用餐场景，聚餐时人们会相互传递食物。 3．考查形容词。句意：看起来很美味，我饿得像头熊。A. strong强壮的；B. clever聪明的；C. brave勇敢的；D. hungry饥饿的。根据上文“Looks delicious.”可知，爷爷看着满桌饭菜说自己像熊一样饿，呼应前文“看起来很美味”的语境，是准备开饭的状态。 4．考查名词。句意：爷爷刚拿起叉子，就听见一辆汽车驶来了。A. fork叉子；B. glasses眼镜；C. book书；D. pencil铅笔。根据上文“Grandpa said, “Looks delicious.””晚餐就餐语境，就餐使用的餐具是叉子。 5．考查形容词。句意：奶奶有点吃惊：“我从没想过会来这么多客人，但我能应付。”A. funny滑稽的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的，感觉意外的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后文“I never expected so many guests to come”可知，奶奶感觉意外，没有料到会来这么多客人。 6．考查动词。句意同上。A. control控制；B. manage设法应对；C. design设计；D. achieve实现。根据上文“but I can”可知，前后是转折关系，奶奶虽对来这么多客人感到吃惊，但是奶奶认为自己能应付得来，“manage it”为固定搭配，表示能够应付眼前的局面。 7．考查名词。句意：椅子后方的厨房里几乎没有空间了。A. time时间；B. money金钱；C. company陪伴；D. room空间。根据上一段中“I never expected so many guests to come”和下文“So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could”可知，大量客人来到屋里，厨房拥挤，缺少活动空间。 8．考查动词短语。句意：于是他起身把椅子往里拉，方便大家通行。A. take off起飞；B. pass through通行；C. come up出现；D. look out小心。根据上文“So he got up and pulled his chair in so people could”可知，挪动椅子是为留出通道，方便人们穿过。 9．考查动词。句意：可等他再次坐下，怪事发生了：眼前的盘子不见了。A. changed改变；B. flown飞；C. grown生长；D. disappeared消失。结合最后一段“They never found out who used Grandpa’s plate”没有人知道是谁拿走了盘子，说明盘子在眼前消失了。 10．考查名词。句意：好吧，看来我的盘子没有用处了。A. use用处；B. color颜色；C. solution解决办法；D. importance重要性。根据上文“His plate had______ before his eyes!”可知，爷爷的盘子不见了，他觉得自己的盘子好像派不上用场了。 11．考查动词。句意：奶奶想给孩子们倒水，但是Dessie阿姨拦住她，告诉她：“我们自己来就好。”A. encouraged鼓励；B. told告知；C. found发现；D. followed跟随。根据下文“We’ ll take care of ourselves”可知，阿姨劝阻奶奶，告诉奶奶不用辛苦倒水。 12．考查动词。句意：然后所有人开始围在水池和橱柜旁等着喝水。A. waiting等待；B. hanging悬挂；C. playing玩耍；D. looking看。根据下文“Kids were thirsty!”可知，口渴的人们在一旁等候取水。 13．考查副词。句意：奶奶准备的食物只够四个人，不够二十四个人。因此，Dessie阿姨帮奶奶多做了几道菜。A. Still还；B. Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。前后构成因果关系，食物不够，因此大家想办法加餐。 14．考查动词。句意：女孩们主动想要搭把手，但是Dessie阿姨说她们年纪太小，最好坐在餐桌旁，免得帮倒忙。A. ended结束；B. tried尝试；C. needed需要；D. explained解释。根据下文“had better stay at the table so that they wouldn’t do more harm than good”可知，Dessie阿姨认为女孩们最好坐在餐桌旁，免得帮倒忙，由此可推知，女孩们想主动搭把手，try to help 表示主动尝试帮忙干活。 15．考查形容词。句意同上。A. helpful 乐于助人的；B. active积极的；C. young年幼的；D. naughty淘气的。根据下文“had better stay at the table so that they wouldn’t do more harm than good”可知，女孩年龄太小容易添乱，所以阿姨不让她们进厨房帮忙。 三、应用文写作 （26-27·浙江·高二上开学考试）假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Peter因学校将举办“中国文化周”活动，邀请你录制一则介绍中国传统节日的短视频（3分钟）。请给他回信，内容包括： (1) 介绍拍摄方案； (2) 说明选择理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter,   _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【范文】 Dear Peter, I’m delighted to accept your invitation to make a video for the “Chinese Culture Week”. I plan to feature the Spring Festival, the most important traditional festival in China. In the 3-minute video, I will introduce its origins and showcase typical customs like pasting spring couplets and having reunion dinners. I also plan to insert some clips of my family celebrating to make it more vivid. I chose this festival because it perfectly embodies the core Chinese value of family reunion. I believe this theme will resonate with your schoolmates and help them understand our culture. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份回复英国笔友Peter的邀请，介绍自己为“中国文化周”录制传统节日短视频的拍摄方案，并阐述选择该节日的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 重要的：important → vital 展示：showcase → display 选择：choose → select 帮助：help → assist 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In the 3-minute video, I will introduce its origins and showcase typical customs like pasting spring couplets and having reunion dinners. 拓展句：In the 3-minute video, I will introduce its origins and showcase typical customs, which include pasting spring couplets and having reunion dinners. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I chose this festival because it perfectly embodies the core Chinese value of family reunion.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型 2】I believe this theme will resonate with your schoolmates and help them understand our culture.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句以及省略不定式符号to的不定式作宾补） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $