摘要:
本讲义围绕“庆祝活动”主题,系统梳理节日与祝福词汇(如celebration, festival, congratulation)、情态动词can/could表请求与建议的用法、邀请与应答等交际句型,以及中外节日文化对比。从词汇辨析(如gift/present区别)到语法规则(can/could句型结构与语气),再到情景应用(邀请对话框架)和文化理解(中西节日习俗),构建从基础到应用的学习支架。
该资料以核心素养为导向,通过分层练习(词汇填空、情景补全)和真实任务(写邀请函、介绍传统节日)提升语言能力,结合中外节日对比表格培养文化意识。课中教师可借助情景对话模板和小组活动增强互动,课后学生通过易错点汇总和背诵清单自主查漏补缺,实现教与学的高效衔接。
内容正文:
中职英语基础模块1 · Unit 5 Celebrations
Unit 5 Celebrations 讲义
📖 学习导航 · 重难点总览
项目
内容
单元主题
Celebrations(庆祝活动)—— 谈论节日、庆典,表达祝福与邀请
核心话题
中外节日与习俗、生日/节日祝福、邀请与应答、祝贺用语
语言知识
节日与祝福词汇;present / congratulation / celebration 等;情态动词 can / could 表请求与建议
交际功能
表达祝贺 (Congratulations!)、祝福 (Best wishes!)、邀请 (Would you like to...?) 与应答
学习重点
① 节日与祝福词汇 ② 邀请与应答句型 ③ can / could 表请求与建议
学习难点
① 中西节日文化差异 ② 情态动词 can / could 的语气区别 ③ 祝福语在真实情境中的得体运用
课时建议
Vocabulary 1课时 + Grammar 1课时 + Communication & Writing 1课时 + 练习 1课时
四维学习目标
素养维度
具体目标
语言能力
掌握节日、祝福、邀请相关词汇与句型,能听懂并表达简单的祝贺与邀请。
文化意识
了解中外主要节日及庆祝方式,尊重文化差异,能用英语介绍一个中国传统节日。
思维品质
对比中西节日文化,归纳祝福与邀请的语用规则,形成得体表达的思维习惯。
学习能力
通过小组活动模拟节日对话,制作节日贺卡,提升合作与自主学习能力。
一、核心词汇精讲
1. 节日与庆祝类(Topic Vocabulary)
单词
音标
释义 / 例句
celebration
/ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/
n. 庆祝 → in celebration of 为庆祝……
celebrate
/ˈselɪbreɪt/
v. 庆祝 → We celebrate the Spring Festival.
festival
/ˈfestɪvl/
n. 节日 → the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
holiday
/ˈhɒlədeɪ/
n. 假日 → on holiday 在度假
tradition
/trəˈdɪʃn/
n. 传统 → traditional (adj.) 传统的
custom
/ˈkʌstəm/
n. 习俗 → a local custom 当地习俗
decoration
/ˌdekəˈreɪʃn/
n. 装饰 → decorate (v.) 装饰
gift / present
/ɡɪft/ / ˈpreznt/
n. 礼物 → give a gift / present 送礼
greeting
/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/
n. 问候;祝贺 → a greeting card 贺卡
invitation
/ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn/
n. 邀请 → invite (v.) 邀请
guest
/ɡest/
n. 客人 → a special guest 特邀嘉宾
congratulation
/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/
n. 祝贺(常用复数)→ Congratulations!
birthday
/ˈbɜːθdeɪ/
n. 生日 → a birthday party 生日聚会
surprise
/səˈpraɪz/
n./v. 惊喜 → a big surprise 一个大惊喜
2. 重点词汇深度辨析
1. ① gift / present:都表示“礼物”。gift 更正式、也可指“天赋”;present 多用于日常口语。两者一般不作动词用“送礼”时直接互换。
1. ② holiday / festival:holiday 指放假、休息日;festival 指有特定文化/宗教意义的节日庆典(常含活动)。
1. ③ celebrate / congratulate:celebrate 后接“事件/节日”(celebrate the New Year);congratulate 后接“人”(congratulate sb on sth)。
⚠ 易错点:congratulation 作祝贺时几乎总是用复数 congratulations;搭配介词用 on:Congratulations on your success!
二、核心短语与固定搭配
短语
用法 / 例句
in celebration of
为了庆祝 → have a party in celebration of his birthday
celebrate with sb
和某人一起庆祝
give / make a speech
发表演讲
give sb a surprise
给某人一个惊喜
get together
团聚 → The family get together at the Spring Festival.
set off fireworks
放烟花
dress up
盛装打扮
Would you like to...?
你愿意……吗?(邀请)→ Would you like to come to my party?
Congratulations!
祝贺你!
Best wishes!
最美好的祝福!
Happy Birthday!
生日快乐!
take part in / join in
参加(活动)
be proud of
为……自豪 → We are proud of you.
look forward to
盼望(to 为介词,后接名词/doing)→ I look forward to seeing you.
⚠ 必背考点:look forward to 中的 to 是介词,后面必须接名词、代词或动名词 (doing),不能接动词原形:I look forward to hear from you.(误)→ hearing(正)。
三、核心语法:情态动词 can / could(★ 重点)
本单元语法聚焦情态动词 can / could 表示“能力、请求、建议”的用法,这是日常交际的基础。
1. 基本用法一览
用法
例句
说明
能力 (can)
I can sing English songs.
can = 现在能力;could = 过去能力
请求 (can/could)
Can / Could you help me?
could 比 can 更委婉、更有礼貌
建议 (could)
You could give him a card.
could 委婉提出建议
许可 (can)
Can I come in?
口语中常用 can 表示请求许可
2. 句型结构
肯定句:主语 + can / could + 动词原形 + …
否定句:主语 + can / could + not + 动词原形 → cannot (can’t) / could not (couldn’t)
疑问句:Can / Could + 主语 + 动词原形? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
✅ 口诀——can / could 三要点:
① 后面永远跟动词原形,不加 to;
② 请求时 could 比 can 更礼貌,但回答一律用 can(不用 could);
③ 否定缩写 can’t / couldn’t 常考,注意拼写。
⚠ 高频易错:① can 的过去式是 could,本身无人称变化,主语无论是 he 还是 I,都用 can / could + 原形;② 请求许可回答不用 could:—Could I go now? —Yes, you can.(√)/ Yes, you could.(×)。
3. 拓展:may / might 表请求与许可(★ 难点)
对比项
can / could
may / might
语气
自然、口语化
更正式、礼貌
请求许可
Can / Could I...?
May I...?(正式)
可能性
can 不表推测
may / might 表“可能”
在中职阶段重点掌握 can / could;may 表“许可”了解即可,二者不混淆。
四、情景交际句型
1. 表达祝贺与祝福
1. Congratulations! / Congratulations on your success!
1. Happy Birthday! — Thank you!
1. Best wishes to you! / All the best!
1. Good luck! / Have a good time!
2. 邀请与应答(本单元核心功能)
发出邀请:
1. Would you like to come to my birthday party?
1. Can / Could you come to the celebration?
1. I’d like to invite you to the festival dinner.
接受邀请:
1. Yes, I’d love to. / Sure, I’d be glad to.
1. That sounds great! / Thank you for inviting me.
婉拒邀请:
1. Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t. I have to …
1. Thank you, but I’m not free this evening.
⚠ 得体性原则:接受邀请用 I’d love to(不说 I love to);婉拒时先致谢再说明原因,体现礼貌。这是情景交际题的高频考点。
3. 完整对话框架
— Hi, Tom. Would you like to come to my birthday party on Sunday?
— Yes, I’d love to! What time does it start?
— At 6 p.m. We’ll have a big dinner and set off fireworks.
— Great! Can I bring a gift? — Of course. I’m looking forward to seeing you!
五、中外节日与文化对比
节日
时间与含义
主要庆祝方式
Spring Festival
农历正月初一;中国新年
团圆饭、放鞭炮、红包、拜年
Mid-Autumn Festival
农历八月十五;中秋节
赏月、吃月饼、家人团聚
Dragon Boat Festival
农历五月初五;端午节
赛龙舟、吃粽子
Christmas
12月25日;圣诞节
圣诞树、礼物、家庭聚会
Thanksgiving
11月第四个周四;感恩节
火鸡大餐、感恩
Halloween
10月31日;万圣节
化妆、讨糖 (trick or treat)
New Year
1月1日;元旦
烟花、聚会、许愿
Birthday
个人出生纪念日
蛋糕、蜡烛、许愿、礼物
★ 文化意识:能用英语介绍一个中国传统节日(如 Spring Festival)是常见书面表达任务。推荐句式:The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. It is a time for family reunion. People usually have a big dinner and give red packets to children.
六、阅读与写作
1. 写作任务:写一封节日邀请函 / 贺卡
写作要点:① 开门点明节日/活动;② 说明时间、地点;③ 发出邀请 + 表达期待 (look forward to)。
📝 满分模板(邀请朋友参加生日聚会)
Dear Mike,
I’m writing to invite you to my birthday party. It will be held at my home on Sunday evening, at 6 o’clock. We will have a big dinner, a birthday cake and some games. I would be very glad if you could come.
I’m looking forward to seeing you!
Yours, Li Hua
亮点拆解:invite sb to… / would be glad if you could come / looking forward to seeing you —— 三处均用上了本单元重点表达。
2. 写作注意事项(扣分点)
1. ① look forward to 后接动名词 (seeing),不要写成 to see;
1. ② invite 是动词,invitation 才是名词,词性勿混;
1. ③ 邀请函需写清时间 (when)、地点 (where)、活动内容,信息完整。
七、高频易错点汇总
类别
易错点
正确用法
词汇
congratulation 用单数
用复数 congratulations;on + 事由
词汇
celebrate / congratulate 混用
celebrate + 事件;congratulate + 人 + on
语法
can / could 后加 to do
后接动词原形(无 to)
语法
回答 Could I…? 用 could
回答用 Yes, you can.
搭配
look forward to do
look forward to doing
交际
接受邀请说 I love to
I’d love to(= I would love to)
文化
中西节日名称混淆
专有名词大写:Spring Festival, Christmas
八、分层巩固练习
A. 词汇与短语填空
1. We always ______ (celebrate) the Spring Festival with a big family dinner.
1. ______ on your winning the game! (congratulate)
1. Would you like ______ (come) to my birthday party?
1. I’m looking forward to ______ (see) you soon.
1. Could you please ______ (give) me a hand?
B. 单项选择
1. — ______ I come in? — Yes, you ______. A. Can; can B. Could; could C. May; could
1. We are proud ______ our great country. A. of B. in C. on
1. — Would you like to join us? — ______ A. Yes, I’d love to. B. Yes, I love to. C. Sorry, I’d love to.
1. My grandfather ______ tell us many stories when he was young. A. can B. could C. may
1. The whole family get ______ at the Spring Festival. A. together B. up C. on
C. 情景补全 / 微写作
1. 根据提示写一段 30 词左右的邀请对话:你邀请朋友 Lily 来参加你的生日聚会(时间:周六晚 7 点;地点:你家)。
✅ 参考答案
A:1. celebrate 2. Congratulations 3. to come 4. seeing 5. give
B:1. A (Can; can) 2. A (of) 3. A (Yes, I’d love to) 4. B (could) 5. A (together)
C(参考):— Lily, would you like to come to my birthday party? — Sure, I’d love to. When and where is it? — At 7 p.m. this Saturday at my home. — Great! I’m looking forward to it.
☑ 背诵自查清单
1. 节日与祝福核心词汇(celebration / tradition / custom / invitation / congratulation)拼写过关
1. 区分 celebrate(+事件)与 congratulate(+人 on)
1. congratulations 用复数 + on
1. can / could + 动词原形;could 更委婉;回答用 can
1. 邀请句型 Would you like to…? 及应答 I’d love to / Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t
1. look forward to doing
1. 能用 5 句话介绍 Spring Festival / 写一封简单邀请函
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