Unit 1 Teenage life 知识梳理&巩固 2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“Teenage life”主题，通过表格对比（如none/nobody/no one辨析）、框架图梳理（词汇变形链条如stress→stressful→stressed）和思维导图呈现“词汇-句型-词形”递进知识体系，清晰标注重难点分布及内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如词性转换结合短文填空巩固词汇运用，句子翻译融入非限制性定语从句等语法点，培养语言能力和思维品质。每个知识点配“辨析提示”和“搭配模板”，基础学生可掌握方法，优秀学生能深化理解，支持教师精准分层教学，提升复习效率。

Unit 1 Teenage life 知识梳理&巩固 解析版 第一部分 词汇词组 1.teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的 例：Teenage girls often care about their looks very much. 十几岁的女孩通常很在意自己的外表。 变形：teenager n.青少年(13‑19岁) 2. counsellor /ˈkaʊnsələ(r)/ n.顾问 例：You need to take your problems to a trained counsellor. 你需要向一位训练有素的顾问请教你的问题。 变形：counsel v.提供专业咨询；n.劝告 3.pimple /ˈpɪmpl/ n.粉刺 例：Pimples often appear on teenagers' faces. 粉刺经常出现在青少年的脸上。 4. none /nʌn/ pron.没有一个；毫无 例：None of my classmates wants to play with me. 没有同学愿意和我玩。 搭配：none of... (三者及以上)都不 辨析：nobody普通用词，表单数，只能指代人，不能用于加of表范围的结构中；none可指代人或物，表示对三者及以上的否定，可跟表范围的of结构；no one只用于指人，通常后面不与of连用。 5. stress /stres/ n.压力 例：Too much stress can make you feel tired. 太多压力会让你感到疲惫。 拓展：stress v.强调；n.重音；重读 变形：stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的；stressed adj.焦虑不安；心力交瘁 6. boss /bɒs/ n.老板 例：I'll ask my boss if I can have the day off. 我要问一下老板我能不能请一天假。 7. emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/ adj.情感的；情绪的 例：Teenagers have many emotional changes.青少年会经历很多情绪上的变化。 变形：emotion n.情感；情绪；emotionally adv.在感情方面 8. behavioural /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ (AmE behavioral) adj.行为的；行为上的 例：This book is about behavioural problems in children.这本书是关于儿童行为问题的。 变形：behaviour (AmE behavior) n.行为；behave v.表现；举止 9. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n.情感；情绪 例：It's normal to have different emotions as a teenager. 作为青少年，有不同的情绪是正常的。 10. peer /pɪə(r)/ n.同龄人 例：Teenagers care a lot about what their peers think. 青少年很在意同龄人的看法。 11. pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n.心理压力；紧张 例：Many students feel pressure from schoolwork.很多学生感到来自学业的压力。 拓展：pressure n. 压力；压强 搭配：under pressure 处于压力之下；put pressure on sb 给某人施压 12. fool /fuːl/ n.蠢人；傻瓜 v.欺骗；愚弄 例：Don't be a fool. 别做蠢人。 例：He tried to fool others. 他试图欺骗别人。 变形：foolish adj. 愚蠢的 搭配：April Fools' Day 愚人节；fool around 闲逛，游手好闲 辨析：fool作动词，指“欺骗，愚弄”；cheat侧重“作弊，骗取利益”。 13. Christmas /ˈkrɪsməs/ n.圣诞节 例：We will have a big dinner at Christmas. 圣诞节我们会吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。 搭配：Christmas Eve 平安夜；Christmas gift 圣诞礼物 辨析：Christmas特指“圣诞节”这一节日；Eve指节日前夕，如Christmas Eve是平安夜 (12月24日)。 14.counsel /ˈkaʊnsl/ v. 提供专业咨询 例：He is a psychologist who counsels people with eating disorders. 他是一名向饮食紊乱症患者提供咨询的心理医生。 拓展：counsel v. 建议，劝告(做某事)；n. (尤指年长者或专家的)劝告，忠告，建议；法律顾问，律师 搭配：legal counsel 法律顾问 辨析：counsel侧重“专业、正式的咨询或建议”；advice是通用的“建议”，语气更日常。 15. ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj.丑陋的 例：He was often made fun of for his ugly appearance. 他常因丑陋的外表被人取笑。 变形：ugliness n.丑陋 搭配：ugly duckling 丑小鸭；an ugly face 丑陋的面孔 16. duckling /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n.小鸭子 例：The ugly duckling grew into a beautiful swan. 丑小鸭长成了一只美丽的天鹅。 搭配：little duckling小鸭子；baby duckling幼鸭 17. tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj.极小的；微小的 例：The tiny house was shared by 12 people.这间极小的房子里住了12个人。 搭配：tiny room 小房间 辨析：tiny强调非常小，常带有感情色彩；small是普通用词，仅指体积小。 18. speak highly of 赞扬 例：Andersen rarely spoke highly of his childhood. 安徒生很少赞扬自己的童年。 同义：praise, compliment 19. struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ v.挣扎 例：They struggled to finish the work on time. 他们努力按时完成工作。 拓展：struggle n. 斗争；奋斗；努力 搭配：struggle for 为……而奋斗；struggle against 与……斗争 辨析：struggle侧重“在困境中艰难努力、挣扎求生”；fight更强调对抗。 20. blow /bləʊ/ n.打击；挫折 v.吹 例：His father's death was a big blow to the family. 他父亲的去世对这个家庭是一个重大打击。 拓展：blow v.刮；吹；blower n.吹风机；送风机 搭配：a heavy blow 沉重的打击；blow away 吹走 21. pass away去世 例：Andersen's father passed away when he was 11. 安徒生11岁时父亲去世了。 搭配：pass away peacefully安然离世 同义：die, pass on, lose one's life 22. poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n.贫穷；贫困 例：He lived in poverty during his childhood. 他童年时期生活贫困。 搭配：live in poverty 生活在贫困中；poverty line贫困线 变形：poor adj.贫穷的 23. weaver /ˈwiːvə(r)/ n.织布工；编织工 例：The weaver made beautiful cloth by hand. 这位织布工手工编织出漂亮的布料。 变形：weave v.编织 搭配：cotton weaver棉织工；weave clothes编织衣物 24. ballet /ˈbæleɪ/ n.芭蕾舞 例：She dreams of becoming a ballet dancer. 她梦想成为一名芭蕾舞演员。 搭配：ballet show 芭蕾舞表演；ballet school 芭蕾舞学校 注释：ballet中字母t不发音。 25. pay off 取得成功；得到好结果；还清债务 例：His hard work finally paid off. 他的努力最终得到了回报。 搭配：pay off debts 还清债务；pay off well 成效显著；回报丰厚 26. continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v.继续 例：He continued learning to read and write. 他继续学习读写。 变形：continuation n. 继续；continuous adj. 连续的 搭配：continue to do / doing sth 继续做某事；continue with 继续进行 27. appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ n.外表；外貌 例：His appearance often made people laugh. 他的外貌常常让人发笑。 变形：appear v.出现 搭配：physical appearance 外貌；in appearance 从外表看 辨析：appearance可指“外表、外貌”，偏客观，也可指“事件的出现”；look指“样子、相貌”，偏主观。 28. lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 例：He felt lonely at school because of being mocked. 因为被取笑，他在学校感到孤独。 变形：loneliness n. 孤独 搭配：feel lonely 感到孤独 辨析：lonely强调“内心孤独、寂寞的情感”，可作表语/定语；alone指“单独的，无他人的”，未必感到孤独，可作表语，不可作定语。 29. fairy tale童话 例：Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales. 安徒生写了许多著名的童话。 拓展：folk tale 民间故事；fable 寓言 搭配：children's fairy tale 儿童童话；fairy tale character 童话角色 30. bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj. 使人痛苦的；味苦的 例：He described his schooldays as the bitterest time. 他把学生时代描述为最痛苦的时光。 变形：bitterly adv. 伤心地；愤怒地；bitterness n. 苦味 搭配：bitter experience 痛苦的经历；bitter taste 苦味 31. admit /ədˈmɪt/ v. 承认；准许……进入(某处) 例：He admitted that most stories reflected his life. 他承认大多数故事反映了他的生活。 变形：admission n. 承认；准入 搭配：admit doing sth 承认做了某事；admit… into/to… 准许……进入……；admit that… 承认…… 辨析：admit强调“承认事实/错误”；confess侧重“坦白错误/罪行”，语气更重。 32. reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 反映 例：His fairy tales are a reflection of his own life. 他的童话是他自己生活的反映。 拓展：self‑reflection n. 自我反省 变形：reflect v. 反映；反射 搭配：a reflection of ……的反映；on reflection 经过思考 33. treasure /ˈtreʒə(r)/ n. 极贵重的物品；珍宝 v. 珍视；珍爱 例：Andersen was a treasure of Denmark. 安徒生是丹麦的珍宝。 变形：treasured adj. 珍贵的 搭配：buried treasure 埋藏的珍宝；national treasure 国宝 例：He is regarded as a "national treasure" of Denmark. 他被视为丹麦的“国宝”。 练一练 一、词性转换（用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. Lots of ________ are suffering from great mental pressure from heavy schoolwork. (teenage) 答案：teenagers 句意：许多青少年正承受着繁重学业带来的巨大心理压力。 解析：考点形容词变可数名词复数。lots of后接复数名词；teenage是形容词“青少年的”，指人用teenager，复数形式teenagers。 2. After turning to a trained ________, she got some practical ________ on dealing with teenage stress. (counsel) 答案：counsellor；counsel 句意：向一位受过专业训练的顾问求助之后，她得到了一些应对青少年压力的实用忠告。 解析：考点名词变形。第一空形容词trained修饰指人名词，counsel动词“提供咨询”，对应的职业名词counsellor顾问；第二空practical修饰不可数名词counsel，意为“劝告、忠告”。 3. Continuous study-related ________ will make most teenagers feel ________ inside. (stress) 答案：stress；stressed 句意：持续的学业压力会让大多数青少年内心感到心力交瘁。 解析：考点stress词族辨析。第一空填不可数名词stress“压力”；feel为系动词后接形容词，stressed用来描述人的主观感受（感到压力大的）；stressful用于修饰事物。 4. During adolescence, teenagers go through rapid ________ changes and they may have mixed ________. (emotion) 答案：emotional；emotions 句意：青春期期间，青少年会经历快速的情绪变化，他们可能会产生复杂多样的情绪。 解析：考点名词与形容词转换。第一空修饰名词changes，用形容词emotional情绪上的；第二空mixed后接可数名词复数emotions情绪。 5. Researchers are studying teenagers’________ problems and explore what makes them ________ strangely in public. (behave) 答案：behavioural；behave 句意：研究人员正在研究青少年的行为问题，并探究是什么让他们在公共场合举止怪异。 解析：考点词形转换。第一空修饰名词problems，用形容词behavioural行为方面的；固定结构make sb. do sth.使某人做某事，make后接动词原形behave表现、举止。 6. It is ________ of you to believe such a trick and allow yourself ________ by bad‑intentioned peers. (fool) 答案：foolish；to be fooled 句意：你居然相信这种花招，任由自己被居心不良的同龄人愚弄，实在很愚蠢。 解析：考点形容词、非谓语动词被动。It is + adj. of sb. to do句型，第一空填形容词foolish愚蠢的；allow sb. to do sth.，逻辑上“被愚弄”，不定式用被动形式to be fooled。 7. He lived in extreme ________ in his youth, yet he never gave up his lifelong dream. (poor) 答案：poverty 句意：他年少时生活极度贫困，然而他从未放弃毕生的梦想。 解析：考点形容词变名词。形容词extreme修饰名词；poor形容词“贫穷的”，名词poverty贫穷；固定搭配live in poverty生活贫困。 8. Even facing endless difficulties, the young writer kept ________ writing fairy tales. (continue) 答案：continuing 句意：即便面对无尽的困难，这位年轻作家依旧坚持写童话故事。 解析：考点非谓语动词。固定搭配keep doing sth.持续、一直做某事，keep后面接动名词continuing。 9. Never judge a person only by his outward ________, for inner quality matters far more. (appear) 答案：appearance 句意：永远不要仅凭外在的外貌评判一个人，因为内在的品质要重要得多。 解析：考点动词变名词。形容词outward修饰名词；appear动词“出现”，名词appearance外表、外貌。 10.Because he lived ________ far away from his family, he suffered from deep ________. (lonely) 答案：alone；loneliness 句意：因为他远离家人独自生活，所以他饱受内心孤独的折磨。 解析：考点alone与lonely辨析。第一空live后面用副词alone，表客观状态“独自一人”；第二空deep修饰名词loneliness，指内心的孤独寂寞。 11. He described those ________ teenage sufferings with great ________ in his diary. (bitter) 答案：bitter；bitterness 句意：他在日记中满怀痛苦地回忆起少年时代那些痛苦的遭遇。 解析：考点形容词、名词转换。第一空修饰名词sufferings，形容词bitter痛苦的；介词with后面接名词bitterness痛苦。 12. This biography is a true ________ of Andersen’s life and it ________ his hard teenage years. (reflect) 答案：reflection；reflected 句意：这本传记是安徒生一生的真实写照，它反映了他艰苦的少年时代。 解析：考点词形与时态。不定冠词a后接名词reflection反映；and并列谓语，讲述过去的故事，谓语动词用一般过去时reflected。 13. That world-famous writer was seen as a national ________ and his works are ________ cultural heritage. (treasure) 答案：treasure；treasured 句意：那位世界闻名的作家被视作国宝，他的作品是珍贵的文化遗产。 解析：考点名词、形容词转换。national treasure固定搭配“国宝”；第二空修饰名词短语cultural heritage，形容词treasured珍贵的。 14. It takes courage ________ one’s own mistakes in front of peers. (admit) 答案：to admit 句意：在同龄人面前承认自己的错误需要勇气。 解析：考点非谓语动词。固定句型It takes … to do sth.做某事需要……，it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式to admit。 15. The ________ young man ________ against hardship for years before his dream came true. (struggle) 答案：struggling；struggled 句意：这位奋力拼搏的年轻人奋斗多年之后，梦想才得以实现。 解析：考点分词作定语、一般过去时。第一空现在分词struggling作前置定语修饰man，意为“奋力拼搏的”；before从句为过去时态，主句谓语用一般过去时struggled；struggle against与……抗争。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Andersen was one of the world-famous writers. In his 1.________ (teenage) years, he lived in 2.________ (poor). Heavy 3.________ (stress) from life made him have many mixed 4.________ (emotion). He often felt 5.________ (lonely) because he was laughed at for his ugly 6.________ (appear). He met many heavy 7.________ (blow) in life. His father 8.________ (pass) away when he was eleven. He had to make money 9.________ (support) his family. However, he kept 10.________ (struggle) for his dream and refused 11.________ (admit) defeat. He never 12.________ (give) up his love for writing. He kept 13.________ (write) stories day after day. His hard work finally 14.________ (pay) off. His fairy tales became a true 15.________ (reflect) of real‑life hardship. They were regarded as 16.________ national treasure of Denmark. Though he went through 17.________ (bitter) experiences, he stayed positive all the time. None 18.________ the difficulties could stop him. To this day, his works are the most 19.________ (treasure) cultural heritage. Many teenagers still learn lessons 20.________ his stories. 【答案】1. teenage 2. poverty 3. stress 4. emotions 5. lonely 6. appearance 7. blows 8. passed 9. to support 10. struggling 11. to admit 12. gave 13. writing 14. paid 15. reflection 16. a 17. bitter 18. of 19. treasured 20. from 【解析】 1.句意：在他青少年时期，他生活贫困。形容词teenage修饰名词years，teenage years固定表达“青少年时代”。 2.句意：在他青少年时期，他生活贫困。live in poverty固定搭配“生活在贫困之中”，介词in后面接名词，poor形容词转换为名词poverty。 3.句意：来自生活的巨大压力让他产生许多复杂的情绪。stress不可数名词，heavy stress巨大压力。 4.句意：来自生活的巨大压力让他产生许多复杂的情绪。many后面接可数名词复数，emotion复数emotions情绪。 5.句意：因为丑陋的外貌遭到嘲笑，他常常感到内心孤独。feel系动词后接形容词lonely（内心寂寞孤独）。 6.句意：因为丑陋的外貌遭到嘲笑，他常常感到内心孤独。形容词ugly修饰名词，appear动词变形名词appearance外貌。 7.句意：他在人生当中遭遇许多沉重的打击。many后接可数名词复数；blow名词打击，复数blows。 8.句意：他十一岁的时候，父亲去世了。讲述安徒生过去经历，一般过去时；pass away去世，pass过去式passed。 9.句意：他不得不赚钱来养家糊口。不定式作目的状语，to support为了养活。 10.句意：然而，他继续为梦想奋力拼搏，拒绝承认失败。keep doing sth固定搭配，keep struggling for为……奋力拼搏。 11.句意：然而，他继续为梦想奋力拼搏，拒绝承认失败。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，不定式to admit承认。 12.句意：他从未放弃对写作的热爱。全文为一般过去时态，give up放弃，give过去式gave。 13.句意：日复一日，他坚持写故事。keep doing sth持续做某事，动名词writing作keep宾语。 14.句意：他的努力最终得到了回报。固定短语pay off取得成功；一般过去时，pay过去式paid。 15.句意：他的童话故事是现实生活苦难的真实写照。不定冠词a后接名词；reflect动词，名词reflection反映、写照。 16.句意：它们被视作丹麦的一件国宝。national为辅音音素开头，a national treasure一件国宝。 17.句意：尽管他经历了痛苦的遭遇，但他始终保持乐观。形容词bitter修饰名词experiences，bitter experiences痛苦的经历。 18.句意：没有任何困难能够阻止他。固定搭配none of +名词，意为“……之中没有一个”。 19.句意：时至今日，他的作品仍是最珍贵的文化遗产。形容词treasured修饰cultural heritage，treasured珍贵的。 20.句意：许多青少年仍然从他的故事中汲取教益。固定搭配learn…from… 从……学习/汲取。 第二部分 句子梳理 1. My pimples really trouble me. 我的粉刺真的很困扰我。 trouble此处作动词，意为“使烦恼；使忧虑”，常用结构为“trouble sb (with sth)”，意为“(因某事)困扰某人”。 例：Don't let small problems trouble you. 别让小问题困扰你。 2. None of my classmates is willing to make friends with me. 没有同学愿意和我交朋友。 (1) “none of+复数名词/代词”表示“(三者及以上)都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可。 例：None of us is/are perfect. 我们没有人是完美的。 (2) be willing to do sth 意为“愿意做某事”，是核心短语。 例：I am willing to admit that I do make mistakes. 我愿意承认我确实会犯错。 (3) make friends with sb 意为“和某人交朋友”。 例：We should be honest if we want to make friends with someone. 如果我们想和某人交朋友，我们应该诚实。 3. I seem to suffer from stress from schoolwork. 我好像因为学业压力而感到痛苦。 (1) seem to do sth 意为“似乎/好像做某事”，可替换为“It seems that+从句”。 例：She seems to be late again. = It seems that she is late again. 她好像又迟到了。 (2) suffer from 意为“遭受；受……折磨”，后接疾病、痛苦等。 例：Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses. 有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。 4. Don't be bothered by your appearance. 别为你的外表烦恼。 “Don't…”是祈使句的否定形式，意为“不要……”；此处使用被动语态，即“be+动词的过去分词”。 例：Don't be bothered by small mistakes. 别为小错误烦恼。 5. Have trouble getting along with your family and friends. 与你的家人和朋友相处困难。 (1) have trouble (in) doing sth 意为“做某事有困难”，in可省略，是中考高频句型，相当于have difficulty (in) doing sth。 例：I have trouble understanding this sentence. 我理解这个句子有困难。 (2) get along with sb 意为“与某人相处”，相当于get on with sb。 例：He is sincere and easy to get along with. 他为人诚恳，很好相处。 6. Do something dangerous to show off to others because of peer pressure. 由于同伴压力，为了向他人炫耀而做危险的事情。 (1) because of 意为“因为，由于”，后接名词、代词或动名词，区别于because(后接句子)。 例：He stayed at home because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨，他待在家里。 He stayed at home because it rained hard. 因为下大雨，他待在家里。 (2) show off 意为“炫耀；卖弄”，是中考常考短语。 例：It is very shameful to show off. 炫耀很可耻。 7. First, tell me who you got it for. 首先，告诉我你是为谁准备的。 (1) first 用于列举顺序，意为“首先”。 例：First, the snowflakes started falling softly. 首先，雪花开始轻轻飘落。 (2) who you got it for 是一个who引导的宾语从句，从句中使用了陈述语序；for是介词，意为“给(表示对象)”。 例：Please tell me who you are waiting for. 请告诉我你在等谁。 8. Of all my friends, she will appreciate it the most. 在我所有的朋友中，她最懂得欣赏它。 (1) “of all+复数名词”意为“在所有……中”，用于最高级语境。 例：Of all the subjects, I like English best. 在所有科目中，我最喜欢英语。 (2) appreciate 意为“欣赏；感激”，是中考核心词汇。 例：I appreciate your kindness deeply. 我深深感激你的善意。 9. I feel like a fool when talking to my classmates. 和同学说话时总觉得自己像个傻子。 (1) feel like+名词/代词，意为“感觉像……”。 例：He feels like a king at home. 他在家感觉像国王。 (2) when talking to… 是时间状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为when I am talking to…，当主句和从句的主语一致且从句包含be动词时，从句可省略主语和be动词。 例：When crossing the road, we must be careful. 过马路时，我们一定要小心。 10. Hans Christian Andersen was born in 1805 in a one‑bedroom house in Odense, Denmark. 句意：1805年，汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生出生在丹麦欧登塞一间一居室的房子里。 (1) “be born in +时间/地点”为固定表达，意为“出生于……”，be动词用一般过去时。 例：She was born in 2010 in Beijing. 她于2010年出生在北京。 (2) one‑bedroom 为复合形容词，作定语修饰名词。类似的还有 two‑bedroom apartment(两居室的公寓房)。 11. Although it was crowded, it didn't limit the development of his unique imagination. 句意：尽管十分拥挤，却没有限制他独特想象力的发展。 (1) although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，不可与but连用。 例：Although he was tired, he kept working. 虽然他很累，但他仍然继续工作。 (2) limit the development of… 意为“限制……的发展”，limit作动词，此处意为“限制；限定”。 例：Lack of money limits the development of education. 资金不足限制了教育的发展。 12. When Andersen was 11, the already struggling family experienced a big blow — Andersen's father passed away. 句意：当安徒生11岁时，本就拮据的家庭遭遇了沉重打击——安徒生的父亲去世了。 (1) when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。 例：When I got home, it was raining. 当我到家的时候，正在下雨。 (2) pass away 意为“去世”，为委婉表达。 例：My grandfather passed away last year. 我的祖父去年去世了。 (3) 英文中的破折号一般起到“解释说明”或“强调”的作用。这句话中破折号后面的内容解释说明了a big blow的具体内容是Andersen's father passed away。 13. To support the family, Andersen's mother sent him to work. 句意：为了养家糊口，安徒生的母亲送他去做工。 (1) To support the family 为不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”。 例：To get good grades, he studies hard. 为了得到好成绩，他学习很努力。 (2) send sb to do sth 意为“打发某人去做某事”。 例：I've sent Tom to buy some milk. 我叫汤姆去买牛奶了。 14. But Andersen knew that his only interest lay in books and stories. 句意：但安徒生知道，自己唯一的兴趣就是书籍和故事。 (1) that引导宾语从句，作knew的宾语，在此处可省略。 例：She says (that) she will come tomorrow. 她说她明天会来。 (2) lie in 意为“在于”，过去式为lay in。 例：His success lay in hard work. 他的成功在于努力工作。 15.To earn money and follow his dream, at 14, young Andersen left for Copenhagen where he tried different jobs, like a weaver, a tailor, and a ballet dancer, but he couldn't do them very well. 句意：为了赚钱并同时追寻梦想，14岁时，年轻的安徒生动身前往哥本哈根，他在那里尝试了织布工、裁缝和芭蕾舞演员等不同的工作，但他都做不好。 (1) “leave for +地点”意为“动身前往某地”。 例：He will leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天将前往上海。 (2) where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Copenhagen，引导词where在从句中作地点状语，相当于in which。 例：This is the house where I lived ten years ago. 这就是我十年前住过的房子。 16. He was often made fun of for his appearance, which made him feel lonely. 句意：他经常因为外貌被取笑，这让他感到孤独。 (1) “was… made fun of”为一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were+动词的过去分词”。 例：Many trees are planted every year. 每年都会种很多树。 (2) which made him feel lonely为which引导的非限制定语从句，which指代逗号前面的整句话，此时which不能换成that。 例：He won the game, which made us happy. 他赢了比赛，这使我们很高兴。 (3) make sb do sth 意为“使某人做某事”，后跟省略to的不定式作宾补。 例：The heavy rain made us stay at home. 大雨让我们待在了家里。 17.Whatever happened, Andersen stayed positive and never gave up his passion for writing. 句意：无论遭遇什么，安徒生都保持乐观，从未放弃对写作的热爱。 (1) whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。 例：Whatever you do, don't give up. 无论你做什么，请不要放弃。 (2) stay positive 意为“保持乐观”，stay在此处意为“保持”，后跟形容词作表语。 例：He never stays angry for long. 他生气时间从来不会很长。 18. He once described his schooldays as the bitterest time of his life, and admitted that most of his stories were a reflection of his own life. 句意：他曾把学生时代描述为一生中最痛苦的时光，并承认自己的大部分故事都反映了自己的人生。 (1) describe…as… 意为“把……描述为……”。 例：People describe him as a kind man. 人们把他描述成一个善良的人。 (2) that引导宾语从句，作admitted的宾语。 例：He admitted that he was wrong. 他承认自己错了。 练一练 一、单句语法填空 1. Don’t let small problems ________ (trouble) you. Teenagers’ worries should be paid attention to. 答案：trouble 句意：不要让小问题困扰你。青少年的烦恼应当被重视。 解析：考点使役动词固定结构。let sb/sth do sth 让……做某事，let后面接动词原形trouble；此处trouble作实义动词，意为“使烦恼、困扰”。 2. None of us ________ (be) perfect, so we should learn to accept our own weaknesses. 答案：is / are 句意：我们没有人是完美的，所以我们应当学会接纳自己的缺点。 解析：考点none of +复数代词主谓一致。none of作主语，谓语动词单数、复数均可；书面考试优先写is。 3. She seems ________ (be) tired these days because she suffers from heavy stress from schoolwork. 答案：to be 句意：这些天她似乎很累，因为她承受着巨大的学业压力。 解析：考点固定句型seem to do sth似乎做某事；to后面接be动词原形to be。同义可改写为It seems that she is tired these days。 4. Don’t ________ (bother) by other people’s comments about your appearance. 答案：be bothered 句意：不要被别人对你外貌的评价所困扰。 解析：考点否定祈使句+被动语态。否定祈使句结构Don’t + be +过去分词；be bothered by…“被……困扰”。 5. I have trouble ________ (get) along with my new classmates after entering high school. 答案：getting 句意：进入高中之后，我和新同学相处有困难。 解析：考点高频固定搭配。have trouble (in) doing sth做某事有困难，in可以省略，后接动名词getting，同义have difficulty (in) doing。 6. He showed off his new prize ________ he wanted to get others’ praise. 答案：because 句意：他炫耀自己新得的奖项，因为他想获得别人的赞扬。 解析：考点because与because of辨析。空格后接完整句子，用连词because表原因；because of后面只能接名词、代词、动名词。 7. Of all the students in our class, she appreciates this writer’s works ________ (much). 答案：most 句意：在我们班所有学生当中，她最欣赏这位作家的作品。 解析：考点最高级。of all +复数名词用于最高级语境；much的最高级most。 8. When ________ (talk) with strangers, teenagers sometimes feel like a fool. 答案：talking 句意：当青少年和陌生人交谈的时候，有时候会觉得自己像个傻瓜。 解析：考点时间状语从句省略。主句从句主语一致，并且从句含有be动词，可省略主语+be，还原完整句：When (they are) talking with strangers。 9. The great writer ________ (bear) in a tiny house in Denmark in 1805. 答案：was born 句意：这位伟大的作家1805年出生于丹麦一间狭小的房子里。 解析：考点固定表达be born in +时间地点。出生是发生在过去，一般过去时被动；bear表示“出生”固定用be born。 10. Although the room was crowded, it didn’t limit the ________ (develop) of children’s imagination. 答案：development 句意：尽管这个房间很拥挤，但它没有限制孩子们想象力的发展。 解析：考点动词转名词。定冠词the后面接名词；develop动词“发展”，名词development。 11. ________ (support) his whole family, the boy had to take several different jobs. 答案：To support 句意：为了养活全家人，这个男孩不得不打好几份工。 解析：考点不定式作目的状语。句首to do表目的，to后接动词原形support。 12. He was often made fun of for his look, ________ made him feel lonely from time to time. 答案：which 句意：他经常因为长相被取笑，这件事时常让他感到孤独。 解析：考点非限制性定语从句。which指代前面整件事，逗号后面不能用that。 13. Whatever ________ (happen), we should stay positive and never give up our dream. 答案：happens 句意：无论发生什么，我们都应当保持乐观，永不放弃我们的梦想。 解析：考点whatever引导让步状语从句；从句用一般现在时表将来，主语whatever视作单数，谓语happens。 14. He described his hard teenage years ________ the bitterest period in his whole life. 答案：as 句意：他把自己艰苦的少年时代描述为一生中最痛苦的阶段。 解析：考点固定搭配describe…as…把……描述为……。 15. The story is a true ________ (reflect) of the real-life experiences of teenagers. 答案：reflection 句意：这个故事是青少年真实生活经历的真实写照。 解析：考点动词变名词；不定冠词a后面接名词，reflect动词，名词reflection反映、写照。 二、句子翻译（根据中文提示，完成英文句子） 1. 没有人愿意和这个害羞的男孩交朋友。(none of) _________________________________________________________________ 答案：None of the people is/are willing to make friends with the shy boy. 解析：考点①none of +复数名词作主语，谓语单复数均可；②be willing to do愿意做某事；③make friends with sb和某人交朋友。 2. 她似乎正遭受巨大的学业压力。(seem to do ) _________________________________________________________________ 答案：She seems to suffer from great stress from schoolwork. 解析：考点seem to do sth似乎做某事；suffer from遭受（痛苦、压力、疾病）。主语she三单，seem变为seems。 3. 因为同伴压力，他很难和家人和睦相处。(have trouble doing ) _________________________________________________________________ 答案：He has trouble getting along with his family because of peer pressure. 句意：因为同伴压力，他很难和家人和睦相处。 解析：考点have trouble (in) doing做某事有困难，get along with sb与……相处；because of后接名词短语peer pressure，不能接句子。 4. 在所有这些书当中，我最欣赏这本关于成长的故事。(of all) _________________________________________________________________ 答案：Of all these books, I appreciate this story about growing up the most. 解析：考点of all +复数名词，搭配副词最高级the most；appreciate欣赏。 5. 过马路的时候，我们必须小心。（状语从句省略） _________________________________________________________________ 答案：When crossing the road, we must be careful. 句意：过马路的时候，我们必须小心。 解析：考点时间状语从句省略，还原完整：When (we are) crossing the road；主从句主语保持一致，省略主语和be动词。 6. 尽管他生活贫困，但他从未放弃对写作的热爱。(although) _________________________________________________________________ 答案：Although he lived in poverty, he never gave up his passion for writing. 解析：考点although引导让步状语从句，不可以和but连用；live in poverty生活贫困；give up放弃，故事发生在过去，give用过去式gave。 7. 为了追寻梦想，少年动身前往这座大城市。（不定式作目的状语） _________________________________________________________________ 答案：To follow his dream, the teenager left for this big city. 解析：考点句首不定式To do作目的状语；leave for +地点，动身前往某地；讲述过去故事，leave用过去式left。 8. 这件事让他很伤心，这也教会他要保持乐观。（非限制性定语从句which） _________________________________________________________________ 答案：This made him very sad, which also taught him to stay positive. 解析：考点①make sb do sth使某人做某事；②which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事情，逗号之后不能使用that；时态为一般过去时。 第三部分 词形变化 1. teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→ teenager n.青少年(13‑19岁) 2. counsellor n.顾问 → counsel v.提供专业咨询；n.劝告 3. stress n.压力→ stress v.强调；n. 重音；重读→ stressful adj.压力重的；紧张的→ stressed adj. 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 4. emotional adj.情感的；情绪的→ emotion n.情感；情绪→ emotionally adv.在感情方面 5. behavioural (AmE behavioral) adj.行为的；行为上的→ behaviour (AmE behavior) n.行为→ behave v.表现；举止 6. pressure n.心理压力；紧张→ pressure n.压力；压强 7. fool n.蠢人；傻瓜 v.欺骗；愚弄→ foolish adj.愚蠢的 8. ugly adj.丑陋的→ ugliness n.丑陋 9. blow n.打击；挫折→ blow v.刮；吹→ blower n.吹风机；送风机 10. poverty n.贫穷；贫困→ poor adj.贫穷的 11. weaver n.织布工；编织工→ weave v.编织 12. continue v.继续→ continuation n.继续→ continuous adj. 连续的 13. appearance n.外表；外貌→ appear v.出现 14. lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的→ loneliness n.孤独 15. bitter adj.使人痛苦的；味苦的→ bitterly adv.伤心地；愤怒地→ bitterness n.苦味 16. admit v.承认→ admit v.准许……进入 (某处) → admission n.承认；准入 17. reflection n.反映 → self‑reflection n.自我反省；reflect v.反映；反射 18. treasure n.极贵重的物品；珍宝 v.珍视；珍爱→ treasured adj.珍贵的 第四部分 巩固练习 词形转换 1. She is a very ____ (create) artist and always makes beautiful works. 答案：creative 解析：句意：她是一位非常有创造力的艺术家，总能创作出优美作品。考点后缀‑ive构成形容词，修饰名词artist，create动词，形容词creative有创造力的。 2. The book is very ____ (inform) and helps us learn a lot about history. 答案：informative 解析：句意：这本书信息量很大，帮助我们学到很多历史知识。考点‑ive后缀形容词，inform动词，informative信息丰富的，作表语。 3. It's a ____ (tradition) custom to eat mooncakes on Mid‑Autumn Festival. 答案：traditional 解析：句意：中秋节吃月饼是一项传统习俗。考点后缀‑al构成形容词修饰名词custom；tradition名词，traditional形容词传统的。 4. We need to find a ____ (nature) way to solve this problem. 答案：natural 解析：句意：我们需要找到一个自然的方法解决这个问题。后缀‑al，nature名词，natural形容词自然的修饰way。 5. The ____ (arrive) of the train was delayed because of the bad weather. 答案：arrival 解析：句意：因为恶劣天气，火车的到达被延误。the后面接名词；arrive动词，arrival名词到达。 6. I talked to the school ____ (counsel) about my stress and she gave me some useful advice. 答案：counsellor 解析：句意：我和学校顾问聊了我的压力，她给我一些有用建议。the school后面需要指人的名词，counsel动词，counsellor名词顾问。 7. He is a very ____ (emotion) person and often cries when watching sad movies. 答案：emotional 解析：句意：他是一个十分感性的人，看悲伤电影经常会哭。形容词修饰person；emotion名词，emotional情感丰富的。 8.The teacher noticed some changes in the boy's ____ (behaviour) patterns after he moved schools. 答案：behavioural 解析：句意：转学之后，老师注意到这个男孩行为模式上的一些变化。形容词修饰patterns；behaviour名词，behavioural行为方面的。 9. She is under great ____ (press) to get good grades and enter a top university. 答案：pressure 解析：句意：她承受巨大压力，想要取得好成绩进入顶尖大学。形容词great后接名词；press动词按压，pressure名词压力，固定搭配under pressure。 10. I had a hard time ____ (get) along with others. 答案：getting 解析：句意：我很难和别人相处。考点have a hard time (in) doing sth，in省略，动词使用doing形式。 重难点专项 Ⅰ. Complete the sentences by adding the correct suffix (-ive or -al) to the word in brackets(为括号里的词加上正确的后缀‑ive或‑al，完成句子) 1. Hans Christian Andersen was a ________ writer who told many magical stories. (create) 答案：creative 句意：汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生是一位富有创造力的作家，讲述了许多充满奇幻色彩的故事。 考点：后缀‑ive，动词变形容词。 解析：动词create“创造”，加后缀‑ive变为形容词creative，意为“有创造力的”，修饰后面名词writer。 2. An ________ artist weaves fragmented memories, surreal symbolism, and abstract emotions into a visual narrative that transcends conventional artistic boundaries and resonates with viewers. (imagine) 答案：imaginative 句意：一位富有想象力的艺术家把碎片化的记忆、超现实主义象征手法以及抽象情感编织进视觉叙事，打破传统艺术的边界，引发观众共鸣。 考点：后缀‑ive，动词转换形容词。 解析：动词imagine“想象”，后缀‑ive构成形容词imaginative“富有想象力的”，修饰名词artist。 3. Deeply rooted in regional folklore and historical heritage, ________ traditions shape collective identity and influence social behaviours. (culture) 答案：cultural 句意：深深植根于地方民俗与历史遗产，文化传统塑造群体身份，并影响社会行为。 考点：后缀‑al，名词转换形容词。 解析：名词culture“文化”，加后缀‑al变为形容词cultural“文化的”，修饰名词traditions。 4. The scholar put forward an ________ theoretical framework that challenges long‑standing academic dogmas(教条) and integrates interdisciplinary perspectives. (origin) 答案：original 句意：这位学者提出了一个原创的理论框架，挑战由来已久的学术教条，并融合跨学科视角。 考点：后缀‑al，名词变形容词。 解析：名词origin“起源”，后缀‑al变形为original，形容词，意为“独创的，原创的”修饰theoretical framework。 5.A thoughtfully curated museum exhibition delivers an ________ experience that not only imparts factual knowledge but also fosters critical thinking for intellectual exploration. (education) 答案：educational 句意：精心策划的博物馆展览带来富有教育意义的体验，不仅传授客观知识，还培养用于知识探索的批判性思维。 考点：后缀‑al，名词转换形容词。 解析：名词education“教育”，后缀‑al变为形容词educational“有教育意义的”修饰名词experience。 6. The groundbreaking scientific achievement, achieved through years of rigorous(严格的) experimentation and unwavering perseverance, presents an ________ demonstration of human innovation. (impress) 答案：impressive 句意：这项突破性的科学成就历经多年严谨实验与坚持不懈的努力得来，是人类创新能力令人赞叹的体现。 考点：后缀‑ive，动词转换形容词。 解析：动词impress“使印象深刻”，后缀‑ive构成形容词impressive“令人印象深刻的、令人赞叹的”修饰demonstration。 Ⅱ. Complete the following passage with the phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(用方框中的词组完成短文，每空格限填一组词组，每组词只能填一次) A. passed away B. national treasure C. spoke highly of D. made fun of E. paid off F. fairy tales From a poor boy to a master storyteller Once upon a time, there was a boy named Jacob Grimm, born in 1785 in a small town in Germany. His family lived a simple yet warm life, and people often 1 his kind nature and love for old stories. When Jacob was 10, his father 2 , leaving the family in great difficulty. To help his mother, he had to work hard while studying, but he never lost his passion for collecting folk tales. Many classmates 3 his old clothes and quiet ways, yet he kept going. Years later, the hard work of Jacob and his brother Wilhelm 4 . They published their first collection of 5 , which soon became beloved by children all over the world. Stories like Cinderella and Snow White made them famous. In his later life, Jacob was regarded as a 6 of Germany, just like a swan that grows from an ugly duckling. His fairy tales still shine brightly, proving that a poor boy’s dream can grow into something magical. 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.E 5.F 6.B 1. 答案：C (spoke highly of) 句意：人们常常赞扬他善良的本性以及对古老故事的热爱。 考点：动词短语，一般过去时。 解析：speak highly of“赞扬”，全文讲述过去，speak过去式spoke highly of；根据后文kind nature善良品性，可知人们对他持夸赞态度。 2. 答案：A (passed away) 句意：Jacob10岁的时候，父亲去世，让整个家庭陷入巨大困境。 考点：动词短语（委婉表达去世），一般过去时。 解析：pass away“去世”，下文“family in great difficulty家庭陷入困境”，符合亲人离世的语境；pass过去式passed away。 3. 答案：D (made fun of) 句意：很多同班同学取笑他破旧的衣着和沉默内向的行事方式，但他依旧坚持前行。 考点：动词短语，一般过去时。 解析：make fun of“取笑，嘲弄”；old clothes破旧衣服，由此判断同学是取笑他；make过去式made fun of。 4. 答案：E (paid off) 句意：多年之后，Jacob与弟弟Wilhelm的努力得到了回报。 考点：动词短语pay off，一般过去时。 解析：pay off“（努力）取得成功、得到回报”，后文出版故事集获得世界喜爱，对应努力收获结果；pay过去式paid off。 5. 答案：F (fairy tales) 句意：他们出版第一本童话故事集，很快受到全世界孩子的喜爱。 考点：名词短语。 解析：collection of fairy tales 童话故事集；后文Cinderella、Snow White均为童话篇目。 6. 答案：B (national treasure) 句意：晚年，Jacob被视作德国的国宝，就像从丑小鸭成长起来的白天鹅。 考点：名词固定短语。 解析：national treasure“国宝，国家瑰宝”；be regarded as a national treasure“被视作国宝”，用来形容对国家文化做出重大贡献的人物。 语法 Ⅰ. Complete the passage with the proper forms of the linking verbs in the box. Each can only be used once(用方框中系动词的适当形式，完成短文。每词只能用一次) become seem be remain feel stay prove grow Making wise friends is one of the most important lessons for teenagers, because the people we stay with often shape our values and behaviour. Teenage life 1 full of changes and challenges, so choosing the right friends can make a huge difference to our growth. When we meet new people at school or in social activities, we often share interests and experiences. At first, we may 2 excited to find someone who understands our hobbies and listens to our thoughts. It 3 easy to become close to anyone who is outgoing and friendly, but we must learn to tell good influences from bad ones. True friendship does not 4 at the surface level of fun; it requires respect, honesty and support. As we grow older, some friendships may 5 stronger and last a long time, while others may gradually disappear. When we communicate with positive peers, we gradually 6 more confident, responsible and willing to improve ourselves. Good friends encourage us to study hard, be kind to others and face difficulties bravely. This kind of friendship 7 valuable in both school life and future life. It helps us develop good habits and stay away from bad behaviour. In a word, making wise friends 8 a key task for teenagers. We should choose friends who bring out the best in us, treat others with sincerity and keep healthy relationships. By doing so, we can enjoy meaningful friendships and grow into better individuals. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 答案：1.is 2.feel 3.seems 4.stay 5.grow/become 6.become/grow 7.proves 8.remains 1. 答案：is 句意：青少年的生活充满变化与挑战，因此选择益友会对我们的成长产生巨大影响。 考点：系动词be，一般现在时，主谓一致。 解析：主语teenage life为单数；be full of固定搭配“充满……”，一般现在时单数用is。 2. 答案：feel 句意：一开始，找到懂自己爱好、愿意倾听自己想法的人，我们可能感到很兴奋。 考点：感官系动词feel；情态动词后接动词原形。 解析：may情态动词，后面接动词原形feel；feel excited“感到兴奋”，feel为感官系动词后接形容词作表语。 3. 答案：seems 句意：和外向友善的人拉近关系看起来似乎很容易，但是我们要学会分辨好坏影响。 考点：系动词seem；It seems +adj.固定句型；主谓一致。 解析：形式主语it是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语seems；It seems easy…“看起来似乎很容易”。 4. 答案：stay 句意：真正的友谊不会停留在玩乐这种表面层面；它需要尊重、真诚和支持。 考点：系动词stay；助动词does not后接动词原形。 解析：stay此处作系动词，意为“保持、维持（某种状态）”；does not后面用动词原形stay；stay at…停留在……。 5. 答案：grow / become 句意：随着年龄增长，有些友谊可能变得更加牢固，持续很长时间；另一些则会慢慢消散。 考点：变化类系动词；情态动词may后接动词原形。 解析：may情态动词后接原形；grow / become表示“变得”，后接形容词比较级stronger，描述状态发生变化。 6. 答案：become / grow 句意：当我们和积极向上的同龄人交往，我们会逐渐变得更加自信，有责任感，愿意自我提升。 考点：变化类系动词；一般现在时。 解析：主语we，谓语使用原形become/grow；become/grow more confident“变得更加自信”描述人的状态改变。 7. 答案：proves 句意：这种友谊被证明在校园生活和未来人生当中都十分珍贵。 考点：系动词prove；主谓一致。 解析：主语this kind of friendship单数，一般现在时谓语proves；prove作系动词意为“证明是、事实说明”，后面接形容词valuable。 8. 答案：remains 句意：总而言之，明智交友对于青少年来说依旧是一项重要任务。 考点：系动词remain；动名词作主语，主谓一致。 解析：动名词短语making wise friends作主语视为单数；remain作系动词意为“仍然是，依旧是”，谓语remains。 Ⅱ.（新题型）Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) Have you ever thought about how teenage life has changed over the past decades? Today, it 1 filled with digital devices, online classes, and social media, which are very different from the experiences of our parents’ generation. When we wake up in the morning, the first thing many of us do is reach for our phones to check messages or scroll through social media. This habit feels convenient at first, but it often steals time we 2 spend on exercise or reading. Some students even stay up late scrolling, which makes them 3 tired and unable to focus in class the next day. At school, we face not only academic pressure but also challenges in making friends and fitting in. It’s easy to feel 4 when speaking in front of classmates, or to feel worried about whether we are “cool enough” in the eyes of others. However, these small struggles are part of growing up, teaching us to be brave and confident. After school, some of us join clubs or sports teams, while others prefer to study or hang out with friends. No matter what we choose, teenage life 5 a special chapter that shapes who we will become in the future. ( )1. A. is B. are C. was ( )2. A. must B. should C. could ( )3. A. to feel B. felt C. feel ( )4. A. nervous B. nervousness C. nervously ( )5. A. remain B. remains C. remained 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 1. 答案：A(is) 句意：现如今，青少年的生活充斥着电子设备、网课以及社交媒体，这和我们父母那一代的经历大相径庭。 考点：be filled with固定搭配；一般现在时主谓一致。 解析：主语teenage life单数；be filled with“充满”；整篇是一般现在时，选is。 2. 答案：B(should) 句意：一开始这个习惯似乎很方便，但它常常夺走我们本应当花在运动阅读上的时间。 考点：情态动词词义辨析。must必须；should应该；could能够。 解析：should“应当”；指我们理应把时间花在运动阅读，手机偷走这些本该利用的时间。 3. 答案：C(feel) 句意：部分学生熬夜刷手机，这让他们感到疲惫，第二天上课无法集中注意力。 考点：使役动词make的固定结构。 解析：make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，make后面接不带to动词原形feel。 4. 答案：A(nervous) 句意：在全班同学面前发言很容易感到紧张，也容易担心自己在别人眼里是不是“足够酷”。 考点：系动词feel后接形容词作表语。 解析：feel是系动词，后面需要形容词；nervous形容词紧张的；nervousness名词；nervously副词。 5. 答案：B(remains) 句意：无论我们作何选择，青少年生活依旧是塑造我们未来模样的特殊篇章。 考点：系动词remain；主谓一致；一般现在时。 解析：主语teenage life单数，全文一般现在时；remains“仍然是”。 语篇 Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) A mobile phone app has recently become very popular at the Middle School Attached to Guangzhou University. It is named Health Helper. Put your weight, height and 1 into the app, and it will give you suggestions on how to get healthier. 2 , the app is not designed by a company but by two Junior 3 boys from the school. The two boys are Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin, both 14 years old. They learned to design apps by taking part in the school’s app‑making course, which started last year. “Electronic products are becoming increasingly popular,” said Wang Xiaopeng, the teacher of the app‑making course. “It’s impractical to block students from them. So why not guide them to use it in a 3 way?” As expected, the course has 4 many students including Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin. As cell phone game lovers, the two brought great enthusiasm into their app‑making project. “It is much cooler to design a game than just to play a game,” said Yang Chengxi. They decided to create an app to keep fit since obesity has become a problem for many teenagers. They searched for standard health information on the Internet, put it in the app and wrote simple programs to make it work. 5 app‑making software, the two boys finished their Health Helper app after three weeks of hard work. The taste of 6 is exciting. After Health Helper, the two now plan to go a step further. They are working on a robot that can be controlled via Bluetooth using an app. Wish them good luck. ( )1. A. name B. class number C. address D. age ( )2. A. Clearly B. Surprisingly C. Lonely D. Ugly ( )3. A. more wonderful B. more difficult C. more creative D. more emotional ( )4. A. accepted B. attracted C. asked D. fooled ( )5. A. With the help of B. According to C. As a result of D. In return for ( )6. A. hobby B. winning C. success D. life 答案：1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 1. 答案：D(age) 句意：把你的体重、身高以及年龄输入软件，它就会给你如何变得更健康的建议。 考点：名词词义辨析，生活常识。 解析：健康软件需要输入身高、体重、年龄计算健康状况；name名字，class number班级号码，address地址，都不属于健康参数。 2. 答案：B(Surprisingly) 句意：令人惊讶的是，这款软件不是公司开发，而是本校两名初三男生设计的。 考点：副词词义辨析。 解析：surprisingly副词“令人吃惊地”；原本大家以为软件出自公司，实际是学生制作，这件事出人意料。clearly清晰地；lonely孤独的；ugly丑陋的。 3. 答案：C(more creative) 句意：阻止学生接触电子产品并不现实。那为什么不引导学生以一种更有创造力的方式使用电子产品呢？ 考点：形容词比较级词义辨析。 解析：more creative更富有创造性；老师主张不去禁止，引导学生动手开发软件，是创造性使用电子产品。more wonderful更精彩；more difficult更困难；more emotional更情绪化。 4. 答案：B(attracted) 句意：不出所料，这门课程吸引大量学生，包括杨承熙与杨正林。 考点：动词词义辨析。 解析：attract“吸引”；课程吸引很多学生参与。accept接受；ask询问；fool愚弄。 5. 答案：A(With the help of) 句意：在软件开发工具的帮助下，经过三周辛苦努力，两个男孩完成Health Helper软件。 考点：短语辨析。 解析：with the help of“在……的帮助之下”；according to根据；as a result of因为；in return for作为回报。 6. 答案：C(success) 句意：成功的滋味令人激动。 考点：名词词义辨析。 解析：taste of success“成功的滋味”；两人成功开发出APP，体会成功。hobby爱好；winning胜利（多指竞赛）；life生活。 IⅠ. Read the passage and complete the task(阅读短文并完成任务) The teen life worries of five Grade 9 students Lin Dong feels extremely stressed these days. He is afraid of failing the high school entrance exam and often stays up late to review,which makes him tired and unable to focus in class. He wants to find ways to reduce pressure and balance study and rest. Bai Ling had a serious argument with her best friend last week. She said some hurtful words in anger and now feels regretful,but she is too shy to say sorry first. She doesn’t know how to fix their friendship. Zhao Peng wants to join the school basketball team,but his parents strongly disagree. They think it will take up too much study time and affect his grades. He feels misunderstood and doesn’t know how to communicate with his parents. Li Xin is very upset because she is laughed at by some classmates for her looks. She lacks confidence and avoids taking part in group activities, worrying that others will look down on her. Chen Feifei has recently become addicted to playing mobile games. She can’t help checking her phone even during class, and her grades have dropped quickly. She wants to break this bad habit but doesn’t know where to start. The six advice columns for teens A. Learn to say “sorry” bravely. True friends can always forgive each other. Write a sincere note or send a message to your friend to show your regret. Small steps can fix a broken friendship. B. Make a reasonable study plan. Divide your tasks into small parts and set a fixed bedtime. Do some light exercise or listen to soft music before bed to relax your mind—this will help you focus better in class. C. Talk to your parents calmly. Share your love for basketball and explain that you will manage your time well to keep up with studies. Ask them to give you a chance to prove that you can balance hobbies and schoolwork. D. Build up your self‑confidence. Everyone has their own shining points. Join a club you like and show your talents to others. Remember that true beauty comes from kindness and hard work,not just looks. E. Set clear screen time rules. Use apps to limit your game time and keep your phone away from your desk during study hours. Find other hobbies like reading or drawing to replace gaming when you feel bored. F. Ask your teacher for help. If you have trouble with your lessons,don’t be afraid to turn to your teachers. They can give you extra tutoring and help you catch up with your classmates quickly. Task:Choose the most suitable advice from A to F for each person. 1. Lin Dong:________ 2. Bai Ling:________ 3. Zhao Peng:________ 4. Li Xin:________ 5. Chen Feifei:________ 答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.E 1. 答案：B 句意：Lin Dong最近压力很大，害怕中考失利，熬夜复习，课堂疲惫注意力差，希望减压、平衡学习休息。 考点：信息匹配——根据人物烦恼匹配解决方案。 解析：B选项“制定合理学习计划、固定就寝时间、睡前放松，帮助课堂集中注意力”，正好解决林东熬夜、压力大、上课无法专注的问题。 2. 答案：A 句意：Bai Ling和好友激烈争吵，说了伤人的话内心愧疚，但羞于主动道歉，不知道如何修复友谊。 考点：信息匹配。 解析：A建议勇敢道歉，写便条/发消息表达歉意，修复破碎的友谊，匹配Bai Ling和朋友闹矛盾、想修复友谊的困境。 3. 答案：C 句意：Zhao Peng想要加入校篮球队，父母强烈反对，担心占用学习时间影响成绩，他不被理解，不知道如何和父母沟通。 考点：信息匹配。 解析：C建议冷静和父母沟通，表达对篮球的热爱，承诺管理时间平衡爱好学业，完美匹配Zhao Peng的烦恼。 干扰排除：F是向老师求助，文中没有学业困难；B是制定学习计划，没有涉及和父母、爱好的矛盾。 4. 答案：D 句意：Li Xin因为外貌被同学嘲笑，缺乏自信，回避集体活动，担心别人看不起自己。 考点：信息匹配。 解析：D建议树立自信，发现闪光点，内在美重于外表，对应Li Xin外貌焦虑、自卑不敢社交。 干扰排除：A解决朋友吵架，与本题无关；F向老师求助，文中不存在学业问题。 5. 答案：E 句意：Chen Feifei沉迷手机游戏，上课忍不住看手机，成绩快速下滑，想要改掉坏习惯。 考点：信息匹配。 解析：E建议设定屏幕使用时间，限制游戏，培养其他爱好替代打游戏，解决沉迷手机游戏的问题。 IⅡ. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（1题1分，2-5题，每题2分，6题3分，共12分） The idea of “smart” cities was first put forward in the 1970s in the United States. Since then, it has spread to more and more countries. People hoped new technologies could help them live happier lives in cities. Governments aren’t the only ones interested in building “smarter” cities. Many private companies see the smart city program as a great opportunity to make money. Leading tech companies like Tencent and Microsoft have all offered their smart-city solutions. However, I have found that many project designers in those companies don’t have a clear idea of what they are going to achieve. They proudly show off exciting new technologies like 5G, but they don’t know how to use them to solve real-world problems. In other words, they sound more like tech salespeople than city builders. This can cause many problems. City planning should always center around one question: What can be done to improve the living conditions of the citizens? Private companies, however, have to take care of their own business interests first. Their answer to every problem is simply more technology. Their “solutions” often have nothing to do with people’s daily lives. Sometimes, the problem is not a shortage of “smart” technologies. What we need instead may just be smarter decision-making. For example, is the solution to traffic jams greater reliance on bikes or the development of self-driving cars? Smart cars are certainly “smarter” than bicycles. They promise to be able to avoid traffic jams. However, are they more enjoyable? Do they make the city a better place to live in? City managers should carefully think about the kind of life they want their cities to provide for their citizens. Planners and tech developers should work according to this blueprint. They should stop worrying about making our cities “smarter” and start to focus on making them better. 1. When was the idea of “smart” cities first put forward in the United States? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why are private companies interested in building smarter cities? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does the author mean by saying that some project designers act more like salespeople than city builders? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The writer thinks the development of self-driving cars is a good solution to the traffic jams, doesn’t he? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. According to the author, what should be the most important thing for city managers to consider in city planning? _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which do you think is more important for creating a better city, smarter technology or smarter decision-making? Explain your reason(s). _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. In the 1970s. 2. Because they see it as a great opportunity to make money. 3. The author means that some project designers focus more on selling new technologies rather than solving real-world problems and improving the city, which is the role of city builders. 4. No, the writer does not think the development of self-driving cars is a good solution to traffic jams. 5. According to the author, the most important thing for city managers to consider in city planning should be to improve the living conditions of the citizens. 6. I think smarter decision-making is more important for creating a better city. While smarter technology can bring many benefits, it is only effective if it is used wisely and appropriately. Without smarter decision-making, technology can be wasted or even cause more problems. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了“智慧城市”的概念及其发展中的问题，强调了城市规划应以改善市民生活条件为中心，而不是仅仅追求技术的先进性。 【1题详解】 根据第一段中的“The idea of ‘smart’ cities was first put forward in the 1970s in the United States.”可知，“智慧城市”的概念最早是在20世纪70年代的美国提出的。故填In the 1970s. 【2题详解】 根据第二段中的“Many private companies see the smart city program as a great opportunity to make money.”可知，许多私营公司认为智慧城市项目是一个赚钱的好机会。因此，他们对建设智慧城市感兴趣的原因是为了赚钱。故填Because they see it as a great opportunity to make money. 【3题详解】 根据第二段中的“However, I have found that many project designers in those companies don’t have a clear idea of what they are going to achieve. They proudly show off exciting new technologies like 5G, but they don’t know how to use them to solve real-world problems. In other words, they sound more like tech salespeople than city builders.”可知，作者认为一些项目设计师更像销售人员而不是城市建设者，是因为他们更多地关注推销新技术，而不是解决现实问题和改善城市。故填The author means that some project designers focus more on selling new technologies rather than solving real-world problems and improving the city, which is the role of city builders. 【4题详解】 根据倒数第二段中的“However, are they more enjoyable? Do they make the city a better place to live in?”可知，作者对于自动驾驶汽车是否是解决交通拥堵的好方案持怀疑态度。因此，作者并不认为自动驾驶汽车是解决交通拥堵的好方案，故填No, the writer does not think the development of self-driving cars is a good solution to traffic jams. 【5题详解】 根据第三段中的“City planning should always center around one question: What can be done to improve the living conditions of the citizens?”可知，作者认为城市规划应该始终围绕一个问题：如何改善市民的生活条件。因此，对于城市管理者来说，在城市规划中最重要的应该是改善市民的生活条件，故填According to the author, the most important thing for city managers to consider in city planning should be to improve the living conditions of the citizens. 【6题详解】 本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。参考答案为：I think smarter decision-making is more important for creating a better city. While smarter technology can bring many benefits, it is only effective if it is used wisely and appropriately. Without smarter decision-making, technology can be wasted or even cause more problems. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Teenage life 知识梳理&巩固 学生版 第一部分 词汇词组 1._________ /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的 例：Teenage girls often care about their looks very much. 十几岁的女孩通常很在意自己的外表。 变形：_________ n.青少年(13‑19岁) 2. _________ /ˈkaʊnsələ(r)/ n.顾问 例：You need to take your problems to a trained counsellor. 你需要向一位训练有素的顾问请教你的问题。 变形：_________ v.提供专业咨询；n.劝告 3._________ /ˈpɪmpl/ n.粉刺 例：Pimples often appear on teenagers' faces. 粉刺经常出现在青少年的脸上。 4. _________ /nʌn/ pron.没有一个；毫无 例：None of my classmates wants to play with me. 没有同学愿意和我玩。 搭配：_________... (三者及以上)都不 辨析：nobody普通用词，表单数，只能指代人，不能用于加of表范围的结构中；none可指代人或物，表示对三者及以上的否定，可跟表范围的of结构；no one只用于指人，通常后面不与of连用。 5. _________ /stres/ n.压力 例：Too much stress can make you feel tired. 太多压力会让你感到疲惫。 拓展：_________ v.强调；n.重音；重读 变形：_________ adj.压力重的；紧张的；_________adj.焦虑不安；心力交瘁 6._________ /bɒs/ n.老板 例：I'll ask my boss if I can have the day off. 我要问一下老板我能不能请一天假。 7. _________ /ɪˈməʊʃənl/ adj.情感的；情绪的 例：Teenagers have many emotional changes.青少年会经历很多情绪上的变化。 变形：_________n.情感；情绪；_________ adv.在感情方面 8. _________ /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/ (AmE behavioral) adj.行为的；行为上的 例：This book is about behavioural problems in children.这本书是关于儿童行为问题的。 变形：_________ (AmE behavior) n.行为；_________v.表现；举止 9. _________ /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n.情感；情绪 例：It's normal to have different emotions as a teenager. 作为青少年，有不同的情绪是正常的。 10. _________ /pɪə(r)/ n.同龄人 例：Teenagers care a lot about what their peers think. 青少年很在意同龄人的看法。 11. _________ /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n.心理压力；紧张 例：Many students feel pressure from schoolwork.很多学生感到来自学业的压力。 拓展：_________ n. 压力；压强 搭配：__________________处于压力之下；__________________给某人施压 12. _________ /fuːl/ n.蠢人；傻瓜 v.欺骗；愚弄 例：Don't be a fool. 别做蠢人。 例：He tried to fool others. 他试图欺骗别人。 变形：_________ adj. 愚蠢的 搭配：__________________ 愚人节；_________ 闲逛，游手好闲 辨析：fool作动词，指“_________”；cheat侧重“_________”。 13. _________ /ˈkrɪsməs/ n.圣诞节 例：We will have a big dinner at Christmas. 圣诞节我们会吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。 搭配：__________________ 平安夜；__________________圣诞礼物 辨析：Christmas特指“圣诞节”这一节日；Eve指节日前夕，如Christmas Eve是平安夜 (12月24日)。 14._________/ˈkaʊnsl/ v. 提供专业咨询 例：He is a psychologist who counsels people with eating disorders. 他是一名向饮食紊乱症患者提供咨询的心理医生。 拓展：_________v. 建议，劝告(做某事)；n. (尤指年长者或专家的)劝告，忠告，建议；法律顾问，律师 搭配：__________________法律顾问 辨析：counsel侧重“__________________”；advice是通用的“_________”，语气更日常。 15. _________ /ˈʌɡli/ adj.丑陋的 例：He was often made fun of for his ugly appearance. 他常因丑陋的外表被人取笑。 变形：_________n.丑陋 搭配：__________________丑小鸭；__________________ 丑陋的面孔 16. _________ /ˈdʌklɪŋ/ n.小鸭子 例：The ugly duckling grew into a beautiful swan. 丑小鸭长成了一只美丽的天鹅。 搭配：__________________小鸭子；__________________幼鸭 17._________ /ˈtaɪni/ adj.极小的；微小的 例：The tiny house was shared by 12 people.这间极小的房子里住了12个人。 搭配：_________小房间 辨析：_________强调非常小，常带有感情色彩；_________是普通用词，仅指体积小。 18. __________________赞扬 例：Andersen rarely spoke highly of his childhood. 安徒生很少赞扬自己的童年。 同义：_________,_________ 19. _________/ˈstrʌɡl/ v.挣扎 例：They struggled to finish the work on time. 他们努力按时完成工作。 拓展：_________ n. 斗争；奋斗；努力 搭配：__________________ 为……而奋斗；__________________与……斗争 辨析：_________侧重“在困境中艰难努力、挣扎求生”；_________更强调对抗。 20. _________ /bləʊ/ n.打击；挫折 v.吹 例：His father's death was a big blow to the family. 他父亲的去世对这个家庭是一个重大打击。 拓展：_________v.刮；吹；_________n.吹风机；送风机 搭配：__________________沉重的打击；_________ 吹走 21. _________去世 例：Andersen's father passed away when he was 11. 安徒生11岁时父亲去世了。 搭配：__________________安然离世 同义：_________, _________, _________ 22. _________ /ˈpɒvəti/ n.贫穷；贫困 例：He lived in poverty during his childhood. 他童年时期生活贫困。 搭配：__________________生活在贫困中；_________贫困线 变形：_________ adj.贫穷的 23. _________ /ˈwiːvə(r)/ n.织布工；编织工 例：The weaver made beautiful cloth by hand. 这位织布工手工编织出漂亮的布料。 变形：_________ v.编织 搭配：cotton weaver_________；_________编织衣物 24._________ /ˈbæleɪ/ n.芭蕾舞 例：She dreams of becoming a ballet dancer. 她梦想成为一名芭蕾舞演员。 搭配：__________________芭蕾舞表演；__________________ 芭蕾舞学校 注释：ballet中字母t不发音。 25. _________取得成功；得到好结果；还清债务 例：His hard work finally paid off. 他的努力最终得到了回报。 搭配：__________________还清债务；__________________成效显著；回报丰厚 26. _________ /kənˈtɪnjuː/ v.继续 例：He continued learning to read and write. 他继续学习读写。 变形：_________ n. 继续；_________adj. 连续的 搭配：__________________继续做某事；_________继续进行 27. _________ /əˈpɪərəns/ n.外表；外貌 例：His appearance often made people laugh. 他的外貌常常让人发笑。 变形：_________ v.出现 搭配：__________________外貌；_________从外表看 辨析：_________可指“外表、外貌”，偏客观，也可指“事件的出现”；_________指“样子、相貌”，偏主观。 28. _________ /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的；寂寞的 例：He felt lonely at school because of being mocked. 因为被取笑，他在学校感到孤独。 变形：_________ n. 孤独 搭配：_________ 感到孤独 辨析：lonely强调“__________________”，可作_________；alone指“_________”，未必感到孤独，可作_________，不可作_________。 29. _________童话 例：Andersen wrote many famous fairy tales. 安徒生写了许多著名的童话。 拓展：_________ 民间故事；_________寓言 搭配：__________________儿童童话；__________________ 童话角色 30. _________ /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj. 使人痛苦的；味苦的 例：He described his schooldays as the bitterest time. 他把学生时代描述为最痛苦的时光。 变形：_________ adv. 伤心地；愤怒地；_________ n. 苦味 搭配：__________________ 痛苦的经历；_________ 苦味 31. _________ /ədˈmɪt/ v. 承认；准许……进入(某处) 例：He admitted that most stories reflected his life. 他承认大多数故事反映了他的生活。 变形：_________ n. 承认；准入 搭配：__________________承认做了某事；__________________准许……进入……；_________ 承认…… 辨析：admit强调“__________________”；confess侧重“__________________”，语气更重。 32. _________ /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 反映 例：His fairy tales are a reflection of his own life. 他的童话是他自己生活的反映。 拓展：__________________n. 自我反省 变形：_________ v. 反映；反射 搭配：__________________……的反映；_________ 经过思考 33. _________ /ˈtreʒə(r)/ n. 极贵重的物品；珍宝 v. 珍视；珍爱 例：Andersen was a treasure of Denmark. 安徒生是丹麦的珍宝。 变形：_________ adj. 珍贵的 搭配：__________________埋藏的珍宝；__________________国宝 例：He is regarded as a "national treasure" of Denmark. 他被视为丹麦的“国宝”。 练一练 一、词性转换（用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空） 1. Lots of ________ are suffering from great mental pressure from heavy schoolwork. (teenage) 2. After turning to a trained ________, she got some practical ________ on dealing with teenage stress. (counsel) 3. Continuous study-related ________ will make most teenagers feel ________ inside. (stress) 4. During adolescence, teenagers go through rapid ________ changes and they may have mixed ________. (emotion) 5. Researchers are studying teenagers’________ problems and explore what makes them ________ strangely in public. (behave) 6. It is ________ of you to believe such a trick and allow yourself ________ by bad‑intentioned peers. (fool) 7. He lived in extreme ________ in his youth, yet he never gave up his lifelong dream. (poor) 8. Even facing endless difficulties, the young writer kept ________ writing fairy tales. (continue) 9. Never judge a person only by his outward ________, for inner quality matters far more. (appear) 10.Because he lived ________ far away from his family, he suffered from deep ________. (lonely) 11. He described those ________ teenage sufferings with great ________ in his diary. (bitter) 12. This biography is a true ________ of Andersen’s life and it ________ his hard teenage years. (reflect) 13. That world-famous writer was seen as a national ________ and his works are ________ cultural heritage. (treasure) 14. It takes courage ________ one’s own mistakes in front of peers. (admit) 15. The ________ young man ________ against hardship for years before his dream came true. (struggle) 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Andersen was one of the world-famous writers. In his 1.________ (teenage) years, he lived in 2.________ (poor). Heavy 3.________ (stress) from life made him have many mixed 4.________ (emotion). He often felt 5.________ (lonely) because he was laughed at for his ugly 6.________ (appear). He met many heavy 7.________ (blow) in life. His father 8.________ (pass) away when he was eleven. He had to make money 9.________ (support) his family. However, he kept 10.________ (struggle) for his dream and refused 11.________ (admit) defeat. He never 12.________ (give) up his love for writing. He kept 13.________ (write) stories day after day. His hard work finally 14.________ (pay) off. His fairy tales became a true 15.________ (reflect) of real‑life hardship. They were regarded as 16.________ national treasure of Denmark. Though he went through 17.________ (bitter) experiences, he stayed positive all the time. None 18.________ the difficulties could stop him. To this day, his works are the most 19.________ (treasure) cultural heritage. Many teenagers still learn lessons 20.________ his stories. 第二部分 句子梳理 1. My pimples really trouble me. 我的粉刺真的很困扰我。 _________此处作动词，意为“使烦恼；使忧虑”，常用结构为“trouble sb (with sth)”，意为“(因某事)困扰某人”。 例：____________________________________. 别让小问题困扰你。 2. None of my classmates is willing to make friends with me. 没有同学愿意和我交朋友。 (1) “none of+复数名词/代词”表示“(三者及以上)都不”，作主语时谓语动词用_________。 例：None of us is/are perfect. 我们没有人是完美的。 (2) __________________ 意为“愿意做某事”，是核心短语。 例：I am willing to admit that I do make mistakes. 我愿意承认我确实会犯错。 (3)__________________意为“和某人交朋友”。 例：We should be honest if we want to make friends with someone. 如果我们想和某人交朋友，我们应该诚实。 3. I seem to suffer from stress from schoolwork. 我好像因为学业压力而感到痛苦。 (1) __________________意为“似乎/好像做某事”，可替换为“It seems that+从句”。 例：She seems to be late again. = It seems that she is late again. 她好像又迟到了。 (2) _________ 意为“遭受；受……折磨”，后接疾病、痛苦等。 例：Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses. 有时我还是在吃这些弱点的苦头。 4. Don't be bothered by your appearance. 别为你的外表烦恼。 “Don't…”是祈使句的否定形式，意为“不要……”；此处使用被动语态，即“be+动词的过去分词”。 例：____________________________________. 别为小错误烦恼。 5. Have trouble getting along with your family and friends. 与你的家人和朋友相处困难。 (1) ___________________________意为“做某事有困难”，in可省略，是中考高频句型，相当于have difficulty (in) doing sth。 例：I have trouble understanding this sentence. 我理解这个句子有困难。 (2) __________________意为“与某人相处”，相当于__________________。 例：He is sincere and easy to get along with. 他为人诚恳，很好相处。 6. Do something dangerous to show off to others because of peer pressure. 由于同伴压力，为了向他人炫耀而做危险的事情。 (1) because of 意为“因为，由于”，后接_________、_________或_________，区别于because(后接_________)。 例：He stayed at home because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨，他待在家里。 He stayed at home because it rained hard. 因为下大雨，他待在家里。 (2) show off 意为“炫耀；卖弄”，是中考常考短语。 例：___________________________. 炫耀很可耻。 7. First, tell me who you got it for. 首先，告诉我你是为谁准备的。 (1) first 用于列举顺序，意为“_________”。 例：First, the snowflakes started falling softly. 首先，雪花开始轻轻飘落。 (2) who you got it for 是一个who引导的_________，从句中使用了陈述语序；for是_________，意为“_________”。 例：Please tell me who you are waiting for. 请告诉我你在等谁。 8. Of all my friends, she will appreciate it the most. 在我所有的朋友中，她最懂得欣赏它。 (1) “of all+复数名词”意为“在所有……中”，用于_________语境。 例：Of all the subjects, I like English best. 在所有科目中，我最喜欢英语。 (2) _________意为“欣赏；感激”，是中考核心词汇。 例：I appreciate your kindness deeply. __________________。 9. I feel like a fool when talking to my classmates. 和同学说话时总觉得自己像个傻子。 (1) feel like+_________，意为“感觉像……”。 例：___________________________. 他在家感觉像国王。 (2) when talking to… 是__________________的省略形式，完整形式为__________________…，当主句和从句的主语一致且从句包含be动词时，从句可省略主语和be动词。 例：_____________________________________________. 过马路时，我们一定要小心。 10. Hans Christian Andersen was born in 1805 in a one‑bedroom house in Odense, Denmark. 句意：1805年，汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生出生在丹麦欧登塞一间一居室的房子里。 (1) “_________+_________”为固定表达，意为“出生于……”，be动词用一般过去时。 例：She was born in 2010 in Beijing. 她于2010年出生在北京。 (2) one‑bedroom 为复合形容词，作定语修饰名词。类似的还有 two‑bedroom apartment(两居室的公寓房)。 11. Although it was crowded, it didn't limit the development of his unique imagination. 句意：尽管十分拥挤，却没有限制他独特想象力的发展。 (1) although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，不可与_________连用。 例：Although he was tired, he kept working. 虽然他很累，但他仍然继续工作。 (2) __________________… 意为“限制……的发展”，limit作动词，此处意为“限制；限定”。 例：Lack of money limits the development of education. 资金不足限制了教育的发展。 12. When Andersen was 11, the already struggling family experienced a big blow — Andersen's father passed away. 句意：当安徒生11岁时，本就拮据的家庭遭遇了沉重打击——安徒生的父亲去世了。 (1) when引导时间状语从句，意为“_________”。 例：___________________________. 当我到家的时候，正在下雨。 (2) pass away 意为“_________”，为委婉表达。 例：My grandfather passed away last year. 我的祖父去年去世了。 (3) 英文中的破折号一般起到“_________”或“_________”的作用。这句话中破折号后面的内容解释说明了a big blow的具体内容是Andersen's father passed away。 13. To support the family, Andersen's mother sent him to work. 句意：为了养家糊口，安徒生的母亲送他去做工。 (1) To support the family 为不定式作目的状语，表示“_________”。 例：___________________________. 为了得到好成绩，他学习很努力。 (2) send sb to do sth 意为“打发某人去做某事”。 例：I've sent Tom to buy some milk. 我叫汤姆去买牛奶了。 14. But Andersen knew that his only interest lay in books and stories. 句意：但安徒生知道，自己唯一的兴趣就是书籍和故事。 (1) that引导_________，作knew的_________，在此处可省略。 例：She says (that) she will come tomorrow. 她说她明天会来。 (2) lie in 意为“_________”，过去式为_________。 例：___________________________. 他的成功在于努力工作。 15.To earn money and follow his dream, at 14, young Andersen left for Copenhagen where he tried different jobs, like a weaver, a tailor, and a ballet dancer, but he couldn't do them very well. 句意：为了赚钱并同时追寻梦想，14岁时，年轻的安徒生动身前往哥本哈根，他在那里尝试了织布工、裁缝和芭蕾舞演员等不同的工作，但他都做不好。 (1) “leave for +地点”意为“__________________”。 例：He will leave for Shanghai tomorrow. __________________。 (2) where引导_________，修饰先行词Copenhagen，引导词where在从句中作_________，相当于_________。 例：____________________________________. 这就是我十年前住过的房子。 16. He was often made fun of for his appearance, which made him feel lonely. 句意：他经常因为外貌被取笑，这让他感到孤独。 (1) “was… made fun of”为一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为“was/were+动词的过去分词”。 例：Many trees are planted every year. 每年都会种很多树。 (2) which made him feel lonely为which引导的__________________，which指代逗号前面的_________，此时which不能换成_________。 例：He won the game, which made us happy. 他赢了比赛，这使我们很高兴。 (3) make sb do sth 意为“使某人做某事”，后跟_________作宾补。 例：The heavy rain made us stay at home. 大雨让我们待在了家里。 17.Whatever happened, Andersen stayed positive and never gave up his passion for writing. 句意：无论遭遇什么，安徒生都保持乐观，从未放弃对写作的热爱。 (1) whatever引导让步状语从句，相当于__________________。 例：___________________________. 无论你做什么，请不要放弃。 (2) stay positive 意为“_________”，stay在此处意为“保持”，后跟_________作表语。 例：He never stays angry for long. 他生气时间从来不会很长。 18. He once described his schooldays as the bitterest time of his life, and admitted that most of his stories were a reflection of his own life. 句意：他曾把学生时代描述为一生中最痛苦的时光，并承认自己的大部分故事都反映了自己的人生。 (1)__________________ 意为“把……描述为……”。 例：People describe him as a kind man. 人们把他描述成一个善良的人。 (2) that引导_________，作admitted的_________。 例：He admitted that he was wrong. 他承认自己错了。 练一练 一、单句语法填空 1. Don’t let small problems ________ (trouble) you. Teenagers’ worries should be paid attention to. 2. None of us ________ (be) perfect, so we should learn to accept our own weaknesses. 3. She seems ________ (be) tired these days because she suffers from heavy stress from schoolwork. 4. Don’t ________ (bother) by other people’s comments about your appearance. 5. I have trouble ________ (get) along with my new classmates after entering high school. 6. He showed off his new prize ________ he wanted to get others’ praise. 7. Of all the students in our class, she appreciates this writer’s works ________ (much). 8. When ________ (talk) with strangers, teenagers sometimes feel like a fool. 9. The great writer ________ (bear) in a tiny house in Denmark in 1805. 10. Although the room was crowded, it didn’t limit the ________ (develop) of children’s imagination. 11. ________ (support) his whole family, the boy had to take several different jobs. 12. He was often made fun of for his look, ________ made him feel lonely from time to time. 13. Whatever ________ (happen), we should stay positive and never give up our dream. 14. He described his hard teenage years ________ the bitterest period in his whole life. 15. The story is a true ________ (reflect) of the real-life experiences of teenagers. 二、句子翻译（根据中文提示，完成英文句子） 1. 没有人愿意和这个害羞的男孩交朋友。(none of) _________________________________________________________________ 2. 她似乎正遭受巨大的学业压力。(seem to do ) _________________________________________________________________ 3. 因为同伴压力，他很难和家人和睦相处。(have trouble doing ) _________________________________________________________________ 4. 在所有这些书当中，我最欣赏这本关于成长的故事。(of all) _________________________________________________________________ 5. 过马路的时候，我们必须小心。（状语从句省略） _________________________________________________________________ 6. 尽管他生活贫困，但他从未放弃对写作的热爱。(although) _________________________________________________________________ 7. 为了追寻梦想，少年动身前往这座大城市。（不定式作目的状语） _________________________________________________________________ 8. 这件事让他很伤心，这也教会他要保持乐观。（非限制性定语从句which） _________________________________________________________________ 第三部分 词形变化 1. _____________ adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→ _____________ n.青少年(13‑19岁) 2. _____________ n.顾问 → _____________ v.提供专业咨询；n.劝告 3. _____________ n.压力→ _____________ v.强调；n. 重音；重读→ _____________ adj.压力重的；紧张的→ _____________ adj. 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 4. _____________ adj.情感的；情绪的→ _____________ n.情感；情绪→ _____________ adv.在感情方面 5. _____________ (AmE behavioral) adj.行为的；行为上的→ _____________ (AmE behavior) n.行为→ _____________ v.表现；举止 6. _____________ n.心理压力；紧张→ _____________ n.压力；压强 7. _____________ n.蠢人；傻瓜 v.欺骗；愚弄→ _____________ adj.愚蠢的 8. _____________ adj.丑陋的→ _____________ n.丑陋 9. _____________ n.打击；挫折→ _____________ v.刮；吹→ _____________ n.吹风机；送风机 10. _____________ n.贫穷；贫困→ _____________ adj.贫穷的 11. _____________ n.织布工；编织工→ _____________ v.编织 12. _____________ v.继续→ _____________ n.继续→ _____________ adj. 连续的 13. _____________ n.外表；外貌→ _____________ v.出现 14. _____________ adj.孤独的；寂寞的→ _____________ n.孤独 15. _____________ adj.使人痛苦的；味苦的→ _____________ adv.伤心地；愤怒地→ _____________ n.苦味 16. _____________ v.承认→ _____________ v.准许……进入 (某处) → _____________ n.承认；准入 17. _____________ n.反映 → self‑reflection n.自我反省；_____________ v.反映；反射 18. _____________ n.极贵重的物品；珍宝 v.珍视；珍爱→ _____________ adj.珍贵的 第四部分 巩固练习 词形转换 1. She is a very ____ (create) artist and always makes beautiful works. 2. The book is very ____ (inform) and helps us learn a lot about history. 3. It's a ____ (tradition) custom to eat mooncakes on Mid‑Autumn Festival. 4. We need to find a ____ (nature) way to solve this problem. 5. The ____ (arrive) of the train was delayed because of the bad weather. 6. I talked to the school ____ (counsel) about my stress and she gave me some useful advice. 7. He is a very ____ (emotion) person and often cries when watching sad movies. 8.The teacher noticed some changes in the boy's ____ (behaviour) patterns after he moved schools. 9. She is under great ____ (press) to get good grades and enter a top university. 10. I had a hard time ____ (get) along with others. 重难点专项 Ⅰ. Complete the sentences by adding the correct suffix (-ive or -al) to the word in brackets(为括号里的词加上正确的后缀‑ive或‑al，完成句子) 1. Hans Christian Andersen was a ________ writer who told many magical stories. (create) 2. An ________ artist weaves fragmented memories, surreal symbolism, and abstract emotions into a visual narrative that transcends conventional artistic boundaries and resonates with viewers. (imagine) 3. Deeply rooted in regional folklore and historical heritage, ________ traditions shape collective identity and influence social behaviours. (culture) 4. The scholar put forward an ________ theoretical framework that challenges long‑standing academic dogmas(教条) and integrates interdisciplinary perspectives. (origin) 5.A thoughtfully curated museum exhibition delivers an ________ experience that not only imparts factual knowledge but also fosters critical thinking for intellectual exploration. (education) 6. The groundbreaking scientific achievement, achieved through years of rigorous(严格的) experimentation and unwavering perseverance, presents an ________ demonstration of human innovation. (impress) Ⅱ. Complete the following passage with the phrases in the box. Each can only be used once(用方框中的词组完成短文，每空格限填一组词组，每组词只能填一次) A. passed away B. national treasure C. spoke highly of D. made fun of E. paid off F. fairy tales From a poor boy to a master storyteller Once upon a time, there was a boy named Jacob Grimm, born in 1785 in a small town in Germany. His family lived a simple yet warm life, and people often 1 his kind nature and love for old stories. When Jacob was 10, his father 2 , leaving the family in great difficulty. To help his mother, he had to work hard while studying, but he never lost his passion for collecting folk tales. Many classmates 3 his old clothes and quiet ways, yet he kept going. Years later, the hard work of Jacob and his brother Wilhelm 4 . They published their first collection of 5 , which soon became beloved by children all over the world. Stories like Cinderella and Snow White made them famous. In his later life, Jacob was regarded as a 6 of Germany, just like a swan that grows from an ugly duckling. His fairy tales still shine brightly, proving that a poor boy’s dream can grow into something magical. 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 语法 Ⅰ. Complete the passage with the proper forms of the linking verbs in the box. Each can only be used once(用方框中系动词的适当形式，完成短文。每词只能用一次) become seem be remain feel stay prove grow Making wise friends is one of the most important lessons for teenagers, because the people we stay with often shape our values and behaviour. Teenage life 1 full of changes and challenges, so choosing the right friends can make a huge difference to our growth. When we meet new people at school or in social activities, we often share interests and experiences. At first, we may 2 excited to find someone who understands our hobbies and listens to our thoughts. It 3 easy to become close to anyone who is outgoing and friendly, but we must learn to tell good influences from bad ones. True friendship does not 4 at the surface level of fun; it requires respect, honesty and support. As we grow older, some friendships may 5 stronger and last a long time, while others may gradually disappear. When we communicate with positive peers, we gradually 6 more confident, responsible and willing to improve ourselves. Good friends encourage us to study hard, be kind to others and face difficulties bravely. This kind of friendship 7 valuable in both school life and future life. It helps us develop good habits and stay away from bad behaviour. In a word, making wise friends 8 a key task for teenagers. We should choose friends who bring out the best in us, treat others with sincerity and keep healthy relationships. By doing so, we can enjoy meaningful friendships and grow into better individuals. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ Ⅱ.（新题型）Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案) Have you ever thought about how teenage life has changed over the past decades? Today, it 1 filled with digital devices, online classes, and social media, which are very different from the experiences of our parents’ generation. When we wake up in the morning, the first thing many of us do is reach for our phones to check messages or scroll through social media. This habit feels convenient at first, but it often steals time we 2 spend on exercise or reading. Some students even stay up late scrolling, which makes them 3 tired and unable to focus in class the next day. At school, we face not only academic pressure but also challenges in making friends and fitting in. It’s easy to feel 4 when speaking in front of classmates, or to feel worried about whether we are “cool enough” in the eyes of others. However, these small struggles are part of growing up, teaching us to be brave and confident. After school, some of us join clubs or sports teams, while others prefer to study or hang out with friends. No matter what we choose, teenage life 5 a special chapter that shapes who we will become in the future. ( )1. A. is B. are C. was ( )2. A. must B. should C. could ( )3. A. to feel B. felt C. feel ( )4. A. nervous B. nervousness C. nervously ( )5. A. remain B. remains C. remained 语篇 Ⅰ. Choose the best answer to complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文) A mobile phone app has recently become very popular at the Middle School Attached to Guangzhou University. It is named Health Helper. Put your weight, height and 1 into the app, and it will give you suggestions on how to get healthier. 2 , the app is not designed by a company but by two Junior 3 boys from the school. The two boys are Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin, both 14 years old. They learned to design apps by taking part in the school’s app‑making course, which started last year. “Electronic products are becoming increasingly popular,” said Wang Xiaopeng, the teacher of the app‑making course. “It’s impractical to block students from them. So why not guide them to use it in a 3 way?” As expected, the course has 4 many students including Yang Chengxi and Yang Zhenglin. As cell phone game lovers, the two brought great enthusiasm into their app‑making project. “It is much cooler to design a game than just to play a game,” said Yang Chengxi. They decided to create an app to keep fit since obesity has become a problem for many teenagers. They searched for standard health information on the Internet, put it in the app and wrote simple programs to make it work. 5 app‑making software, the two boys finished their Health Helper app after three weeks of hard work. The taste of 6 is exciting. After Health Helper, the two now plan to go a step further. They are working on a robot that can be controlled via Bluetooth using an app. Wish them good luck. ( )1. A. name B. class number C. address D. age ( )2. A. Clearly B. Surprisingly C. Lonely D. Ugly ( )3. A. more wonderful B. more difficult C. more creative D. more emotional ( )4. A. accepted B. attracted C. asked D. fooled ( )5. A. With the help of B. According to C. As a result of D. In return for ( )6. A. hobby B. winning C. success D. life IⅠ. Read the passage and complete the task(阅读短文并完成任务) The teen life worries of five Grade 9 students Lin Dong feels extremely stressed these days. He is afraid of failing the high school entrance exam and often stays up late to review,which makes him tired and unable to focus in class. He wants to find ways to reduce pressure and balance study and rest. Bai Ling had a serious argument with her best friend last week. She said some hurtful words in anger and now feels regretful,but she is too shy to say sorry first. She doesn’t know how to fix their friendship. Zhao Peng wants to join the school basketball team,but his parents strongly disagree. They think it will take up too much study time and affect his grades. He feels misunderstood and doesn’t know how to communicate with his parents. Li Xin is very upset because she is laughed at by some classmates for her looks. She lacks confidence and avoids taking part in group activities, worrying that others will look down on her. Chen Feifei has recently become addicted to playing mobile games. She can’t help checking her phone even during class, and her grades have dropped quickly. She wants to break this bad habit but doesn’t know where to start. The six advice columns for teens A. Learn to say “sorry” bravely. True friends can always forgive each other. Write a sincere note or send a message to your friend to show your regret. Small steps can fix a broken friendship. B. Make a reasonable study plan. Divide your tasks into small parts and set a fixed bedtime. Do some light exercise or listen to soft music before bed to relax your mind—this will help you focus better in class. C. Talk to your parents calmly. Share your love for basketball and explain that you will manage your time well to keep up with studies. Ask them to give you a chance to prove that you can balance hobbies and schoolwork. D. Build up your self‑confidence. Everyone has their own shining points. Join a club you like and show your talents to others. Remember that true beauty comes from kindness and hard work,not just looks. E. Set clear screen time rules. Use apps to limit your game time and keep your phone away from your desk during study hours. Find other hobbies like reading or drawing to replace gaming when you feel bored. F. Ask your teacher for help. If you have trouble with your lessons,don’t be afraid to turn to your teachers. They can give you extra tutoring and help you catch up with your classmates quickly. Task:Choose the most suitable advice from A to F for each person. 1. Lin Dong:________ 2. Bai Ling:________ 3. Zhao Peng:________ 4. Li Xin:________ 5. Chen Feifei:________ IⅡ. Answer the questions.（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（1题1分，2-5题，每题2分，6题3分，共12分） The idea of “smart” cities was first put forward in the 1970s in the United States. Since then, it has spread to more and more countries. People hoped new technologies could help them live happier lives in cities. Governments aren’t the only ones interested in building “smarter” cities. Many private companies see the smart city program as a great opportunity to make money. Leading tech companies like Tencent and Microsoft have all offered their smart-city solutions. However, I have found that many project designers in those companies don’t have a clear idea of what they are going to achieve. They proudly show off exciting new technologies like 5G, but they don’t know how to use them to solve real-world problems. In other words, they sound more like tech salespeople than city builders. This can cause many problems. City planning should always center around one question: What can be done to improve the living conditions of the citizens? Private companies, however, have to take care of their own business interests first. Their answer to every problem is simply more technology. Their “solutions” often have nothing to do with people’s daily lives. Sometimes, the problem is not a shortage of “smart” technologies. What we need instead may just be smarter decision-making. For example, is the solution to traffic jams greater reliance on bikes or the development of self-driving cars? Smart cars are certainly “smarter” than bicycles. They promise to be able to avoid traffic jams. However, are they more enjoyable? Do they make the city a better place to live in? City managers should carefully think about the kind of life they want their cities to provide for their citizens. Planners and tech developers should work according to this blueprint. They should stop worrying about making our cities “smarter” and start to focus on making them better. 1. When was the idea of “smart” cities first put forward in the United States? _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why are private companies interested in building smarter cities? _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does the author mean by saying that some project designers act more like salespeople than city builders? _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The writer thinks the development of self-driving cars is a good solution to the traffic jams, doesn’t he? _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. According to the author, what should be the most important thing for city managers to consider in city planning? _______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which do you think is more important for creating a better city, smarter technology or smarter decision-making? Explain your reason(s). _______________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $