第57卷 阅读理解（人与自然1） -2027年云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然”主题的阅读理解专项训练，通过基础理解、词汇运用、综合分析三层设计，强化语言能力与思维品质，适配中职复习需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础理解层|细节信息定位（如1、2、6题）|直接考查文本具体内容，巩固信息提取能力| |词汇运用层|词义猜测（如4、9、14题）|结合上下文推断生词含义，提升词汇应用能力| |综合分析层|推理判断与主旨归纳（如5、10、25题）|需整合全文信息，培养逻辑推理与概括能力|

编写说明：【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》、《云南省职教高考文化课程<英语>考试说明（暂定稿）》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是40份考点训练卷。第二部分是45份题型专项训练卷。第三部分是15份不同难度等级的综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第57卷，是阅读理解（人与自然1） 题型专项训练卷。 【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》 第57卷 阅读理解（人与自然1） 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（本题共25小题，每小题4分，共100分） (一) The clothing industry creates lots of pollution. Making new clothes uses plenty of water and energy. Waste water from cloth factories may pollute rivers. If we throw away lots of still‑usable clothes, it will bring more pressure to our environment. Used‑clothes recycling is one good solution. Clean old clothes can be given to people in need. Some worn‑out clothes can be broken down into textile raw materials for new products. This reduces the need for making brand‑new cloth. Besides recycling, we can also change our shopping habits. Before buying new clothes, think whether we really need them. Choose good‑quality clothes that can be worn for a long time. Do not follow short‑lived fast fashion blindly. Green life is not only about big environmental projects. Our daily shopping and wearing choices also matter a lot. Every consumer’s small choice can reduce environmental burden. ( )1. What problem may the clothing industry bring? A. It saves lots of fresh water. B. It uses much water‑energy and may produce polluted waste water. C. It can clean river water. D. It provides free clothes for poor people. ( )2. What can we do with clean usable old clothes? A. Throw them into river directly. B. Bury them under soil. C. Burn them at home. D. Give them to people in need. ( )3. What is the writer’s advice on buying clothes? A. Buy as many cheap clothes as possible. B. Only buy fashionable clothes every month. C. Think whether you really need them and choose good‑quality ones. D. Never buy any new clothes forever. ( )4. The underlined word “textile” in Paragraph2 means ____. A. 纺织的 B. 金属的 C. 木质的 D. 玻璃的 ( )5. What can we infer from the passage? A. Clothing industry has no pollution at all. B. All old clothes must be burned. C. Buying more fast‑fashion clothes protects nature. D. Our daily consumption choices influence environment. 【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D 【导语】本文讲述服装行业会产生大量污染，旧衣物回收是解决办法之一，同时建议改变购物习惯，理性选购耐穿的高品质衣物；告诉我们绿色环保不只靠大型环保项目，普通消费者日常的选择也可以减轻环境负担。 【详解】 1. 由文中 “The clothing industry creates lots of pollution. Making new clothes uses plenty of water and energy. Waste water from cloth factories may pollute rivers.” 可知，服装行业消耗大量水和能源，还会产生污染废水，B 选项符合文意。故选 B。 2. 根据文中 “Clean old clothes can be given to people in need.” 可知，干净还能使用的旧衣服可以送给有需要的人，D 选项符合文意；A 直接扔进河里、B 埋进土里、C 在家焚烧，均是错误处理方式。故选 D。 3. 根据第三段 “Before buying new clothes, think whether we really need them. Choose good‑quality clothes that can be worn for a long time.” 可知，作者建议买衣服前想清楚是否真的需要，并且选择质量好的衣物，C 选项符合文意。故选 C。 4. 根据上下文 “Some worn‑out clothes can be broken down into textile raw materials for new products.” 破旧衣服可以分解作为新产品的原料，文章话题为衣服面料，textile 词义为 “纺织的”，A 选项正确。故选 A。 5. 根据文章最后 “Every consumer’s small choice can reduce environmental burden.” 可以推断，我们日常消费选择会对环境产生影响，D 选项符合推理；A 服装行业完全没有污染、B 所有旧衣服必须焚烧、C 购买更多快时尚衣物可以保护自然，均和原文相悖。故选 D。 (二) Solar energy is a kind of clean renewable energy. It comes from the sun. We can use solar panels to turn sunlight into electricity. Unlike coal or oil, solar energy produces no dirty waste gas when being used. In the past, solar equipment was expensive. Now the technology develops fast, and its cost becomes much lower. Solar panels can be seen in many places. Some families fix small solar panels on house roofs for home electricity. Some villages build large solar power stations on open land. Solar energy has many advantages. The sun provides endless sunlight. It will not run out like coal and oil. However, it also has limits. On rainy or cloudy days, we cannot get enough solar power. People need to combine it with other energy forms. Clean energy such as solar energy plays an important role in our fight against pollution. Using more green energy helps us build a low‑carbon world. ( )6. Where does solar energy come from? A. Coal B. Oil C. The sun D. Sea water ( )7. What do we use to turn sunlight into electricity? A. Solar panels. B. Water pipes. C. Farm machines. D. Gas containers. ( )8. Which is one advantage of solar energy? A. It works well all rainy days. B. It produces no dirty waste gas. C. It costs nothing at all. D. It can replace all other energy right now. ( )9. The underlined word “renewable” in Paragraph1 means ____. A. 可再生的 B. 一次性的 C. 有毒的 D. 昂贵的 ( )10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to dig coal and oil under ground. B. Solar energy: a kind of clean green energy. C. Disadvantages of all kinds of new energy. D. Why we must stop using electricity. 【答案】6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.B 【导语】本文介绍太阳能这种清洁可再生能源，它来自太阳，使用过程不产生废气；如今设备成本降低，家庭、村庄都可以使用。但太阳能也存在局限，阴雨天供电不足，需要结合其他能源，发展清洁能源助力建设低碳世界。 【详解】 6. 由文中 “It comes from the sun.” 可知，太阳能来自太阳，C 选项符合文意。故选 C。 7. 根据文中 “We can use solar panels to turn sunlight into electricity.” 可知，我们使用太阳能板把阳光转化成电能，A 选项符合文意。故选 A。 8. 根据第一段 “Unlike coal or oil, solar energy produces no dirty waste gas when being used.” 可知，太阳能的优势之一是不会产生污浊废气，B 选项符合文意；A 阴雨天可以正常工作、B 完全没有成本、C 立刻取代所有其他能源，均表述错误。故选 B。 9. 根据后文 “It will not run out like coal and oil.” 太阳能不会像煤炭石油一样耗尽，renewable 词义为 “可再生的”，A 选项正确。故选 A。 10. 通读全文，文章主要介绍太阳能是一种清洁的绿色能源，B 选项是文章主旨；A 如何开采地下煤炭石油、C 各类新能源的缺点、D 为什么我们必须停止用电，均偏离主题。故选 B。 (三) More city people enjoy balcony gardening. They grow vegetables or flowers on their home balconies. You do not need large farmland for this hobby. Just some flower pots, soil and seeds are enough. Growing plants on balconies brings many good points. Green plants can make our home more beautiful. Some home‑grown vegetables are fresh and free from harmful farm chemicals. Looking at green plants can also relax our eyes after long screen time. Of course balcony gardening needs patience. Plants need proper sunlight and water. Too much water will make roots rot. Too little sunlight will stop them from growing well. You should learn simple growing knowledge before you start. Balcony gardening lets city people get close to nature in small living space. It teaches us to respect the growth rules of plants. Even in busy cities, we can build a little piece of nature of our own. ( )11. What do people need for balcony gardening? A. Large farmland. B. Lots of expensive machines. C. Flower pots, soil and seeds. D. Big animal farm. ( )12. Which is NOT one advantage of balcony gardening? A. Make home more beautiful. B. Get fresh vegetables without harmful chemicals. C. Help relax our eyes. D. Produce huge amounts of grain for market. ( )13. What will happen if you water balcony plants too much? A. They grow much faster. B. Their roots will rot. C. They will have more flowers. D. They can live without sunlight. ( )14. The underlined word “rot” in Paragraph3 means ____. A. 腐烂 B. 发芽 C. 开花 D. 结果 ( )15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Balcony plants can grow without any water. B. City people can get close to nature through balcony gardening. C. Balcony gardening can take the place of farm production. D. All plants can grow well without sunlight. 【答案】11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B 【导语】本文介绍阳台园艺，在花盆里就可以种花种菜，不需要大片农田。阳台园艺有诸多好处，但需要掌握浇水、光照等种植知识；它让城市居民在狭小居住空间亲近自然，懂得尊重植物生长规律。 【详解】 11. 由文中 “You do not need large farmland for this hobby. Just some flower pots, soil and seeds are enough.” 可知，做阳台园艺只需要花盆、土壤和种子，C 选项符合文意。故选 C。 12. 根据第二段，阳台园艺好处有美化家、收获无有害农药的蔬菜、缓解用眼疲劳；文中没有提到可以为市场大量生产粮食，D 选项不属于它的优势。故选 D。 13. 根据第三段 “Too much water will make roots rot.” 可知，如果给阳台植物浇水过多，植物的根会腐烂，B 选项符合文意。故选 B。 14. 结合语境，浇水太多会让植物根部坏掉，rot 词义为 “腐烂”，A 选项正确。故选 A。 15. 根据文章最后一段 “Balcony gardening lets city people get close to nature in small living space.” 可以推断，城市居民可以通过阳台园艺亲近大自然，B 选项符合推理；A 阳台植物可以不浇水、C 阳台园艺能够替代农业生产、D 所有植物无光也能长得好，均与原文不符。故选 B。 (四) Paper is mainly made from wood. Every year, lots of trees are cut down to produce paper for offices. Too much paper use means more forest loss. Now green office ideas become popular. Paper‑free office is one of them. In a paper‑free office, people try their best to use digital files instead of paper. They send work information by email or office software. They hold online meetings rather than printing lots of paper reports. When printing is really necessary, people choose double‑side printing to save paper. Paper‑free work does not mean stopping using paper completely. It means cutting down unnecessary paper waste. Some offices also set paper‑recycling boxes. Used clean paper can be collected and recycled for second‑time use. Small changes in offices can reduce the need for wood. Protecting forests does not only belong to environmental workers. Every office worker can do his or her part through small daily work habits. ( )16. What is paper mainly made from? A. Stone B. Cotton C. Sand D. Wood ( )17. What do people do in paper‑free offices? A. Never use any computers. B. Use digital files instead of paper as much as possible. C. Cut down more trees for paper. D. Print all reports on single‑side paper. ( )18. What should people do if printing is really necessary? A. Print on double sides. B. Print many more copies. C. Throw paper away after one look. D. Burn used paper directly. ( )19. The underlined word “recycled” in Paragraph3 means ____. A. 直接丢弃 B. 焚烧销毁 C. 回收利用 D. 长期存放 ( )20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How people cut down trees in big forests. B. Paper‑free office helps protect our forests. C. Different ways to make paper by hand. D. Why every office must use lots of paper. 【答案】16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.B 【导语】本文介绍纸张主要由树木制成，大量用纸会造成森林损耗，无纸化办公应运而生。无纸化办公不是完全不用纸，而是减少纸张浪费，推行双面打印、纸张回收；职场人小小的办公习惯就可以为保护森林出一份力。 【详解】 16. 由文中 “Paper is mainly made from wood.” 可知，纸张主要由木材制成，D 选项符合文意。故选 D。 17. 根据第二段 “In a paper‑free office, people try their best to use digital files instead of paper.” 可知，在无纸化办公环境，人们尽可能使用电子文件代替纸张，B 选项符合文意。故选 B。 18. 根据第二段 “When printing is really necessary, people choose double‑side printing to save paper.” 可知，如果确实需要打印，应当双面打印，A 选项符合文意。故选 A。 19. 根据后文 “Used clean paper can be collected and recycled for second‑time use.” 干净的旧纸张被收集起来二次使用，recycled 词义为 “回收利用”，C 选项正确。故选 C。 20. 通读全文，文章主要讲述无纸化办公有助于保护森林，B 选项是文章主旨；A 人们如何在森林砍树、D 手工造纸的不同方法、C 为什么每个办公室必须大量用纸，均不是文章中心。故选 B。 (五) Kitchen waste, also called food waste, is a big part of our daily rubbish. Vegetable leaves, fruit peels and leftover meals all belong to kitchen waste. If we throw them together with other rubbish, they will produce bad smell and pollute land. But kitchen waste is not completely useless. After special treatment, it can become fertilizer for plants. It can also be turned into biogas for cooking or lighting. So sorting kitchen waste correctly is very meaningful for environmental protection. In many communities, special green bins are prepared for kitchen waste. Residents put food waste into these green bins. Workers collect them and send to special‑treatment factories. However, many people still mix kitchen waste with other rubbish. Some do not know the value of food waste. Schools and communities give popular‑science lessons to teach people waste‑sorting knowledge. Good waste‑sorting habits need every citizen’s effort. ( )21. Which of the following belongs to kitchen waste? A. Old plastic bottles. B. Broken glass. C. Fruit peels. D. Used batteries. ( )22. What will happen if kitchen waste is mixed with other rubbish? A. It can become clean drinking water. B. It produces bad smell and pollutes land. C. It can grow into new vegetables. D. It will disappear in one day. ( )23. What can kitchen waste become after special treatment? A. Only plastic bags. B. Building stones. C. New metal products. D. Fertilizer or biogas. ( )24. The underlined word “fertilizer” in Paragraph 2 means ____. A. 肥料 B. 药品 C. 纸张 D. 玩具 ( )25. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Different kinds of food we eat every day. B. Kitchen waste’s influence and correct sorting. C. How people grow vegetables in home gardens. D. The history of different community rubbish bins. 【答案】21.C 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.B 【导语】本文介绍厨余垃圾是日常生活垃圾重要组成部分，混投厨余垃圾会产生异味污染土地。经过特殊处理厨余垃圾可以变成肥料、沼气，所以做好垃圾分类意义重大；学校和社区开展科普，垃圾分类需要每一位公民共同努力。 【详解】 21. 由文中 “Vegetable leaves, fruit peels and leftover meals all belong to kitchen waste.” 可知，果皮属于厨余垃圾，C 选项符合文意；塑料瓶、碎玻璃、废旧电池不属于厨余垃圾。故选 C。 22. 根据第一段 “If we throw them together with other rubbish, they will produce bad smell and pollute land.” 可知，厨余垃圾和其他垃圾混在一起，会产生难闻气味并且污染土地，B 选项符合文意。故选 B。 23. 根据第二段 “After special treatment, it can become fertilizer for plants. It can also be turned into biogas for cooking or lighting.” 可知，厨余垃圾经过特殊处理可以变成肥料或者沼气，D 选项符合文意。故选 D。 24. 根据上下文，处理后的厨余垃圾可以用于植物，fertilizer 词义为 “肥料”，A 选项正确。故选 A。 25. 通读全文，文章围绕厨余垃圾带来的影响以及正确分类展开叙述，B 选项符合主旨；A 我们每天吃的各类食物、C 家庭花园如何种菜、D 社区垃圾桶的历史，均偏离文章主题。故选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校公共基础课课程标准》、《云南省职教高考文化课程<英语>考试说明（暂定稿）》以及历年真题编写。本套试卷共100份：第一部分是40份考点训练卷。第二部分是45份题型专项训练卷。第三部分是15份不同难度等级的综合模拟卷。 本试卷是【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》的第57卷，是阅读理解（人与自然1） 题型专项训练卷。 【2027版】云南省（职教高考）《英语考纲百套卷》 第57卷 阅读理解（人与自然1） 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（本题共25小题，每小题4分，共100分） (一) The clothing industry creates lots of pollution. Making new clothes uses plenty of water and energy. Waste water from cloth factories may pollute rivers. If we throw away lots of still‑usable clothes, it will bring more pressure to our environment. Used‑clothes recycling is one good solution. Clean old clothes can be given to people in need. Some worn‑out clothes can be broken down into textile raw materials for new products. This reduces the need for making brand‑new cloth. Besides recycling, we can also change our shopping habits. Before buying new clothes, think whether we really need them. Choose good‑quality clothes that can be worn for a long time. Do not follow short‑lived fast fashion blindly. Green life is not only about big environmental projects. Our daily shopping and wearing choices also matter a lot. Every consumer’s small choice can reduce environmental burden. ( )1. What problem may the clothing industry bring? A. It saves lots of fresh water. B. It uses much water‑energy and may produce polluted waste water. C. It can clean river water. D. It provides free clothes for poor people. ( )2. What can we do with clean usable old clothes? A. Throw them into river directly. B. Bury them under soil. C. Burn them at home. D. Give them to people in need. ( )3. What is the writer’s advice on buying clothes? A. Buy as many cheap clothes as possible. B. Only buy fashionable clothes every month. C. Think whether you really need them and choose good‑quality ones. D. Never buy any new clothes forever. ( )4. The underlined word “textile” in Paragraph2 means ____. A. 纺织的 B. 金属的 C. 木质的 D. 玻璃的 ( )5. What can we infer from the passage? A. Clothing industry has no pollution at all. B. All old clothes must be burned. C. Buying more fast‑fashion clothes protects nature. D. Our daily consumption choices influence environment. (二) Solar energy is a kind of clean renewable energy. It comes from the sun. We can use solar panels to turn sunlight into electricity. Unlike coal or oil, solar energy produces no dirty waste gas when being used. In the past, solar equipment was expensive. Now the technology develops fast, and its cost becomes much lower. Solar panels can be seen in many places. Some families fix small solar panels on house roofs for home electricity. Some villages build large solar power stations on open land. Solar energy has many advantages. The sun provides endless sunlight. It will not run out like coal and oil. However, it also has limits. On rainy or cloudy days, we cannot get enough solar power. People need to combine it with other energy forms. Clean energy such as solar energy plays an important role in our fight against pollution. Using more green energy helps us build a low‑carbon world. ( )6. Where does solar energy come from? A. Coal B. Oil C. The sun D. Sea water ( )7. What do we use to turn sunlight into electricity? A. Solar panels. B. Water pipes. C. Farm machines. D. Gas containers. ( )8. Which is one advantage of solar energy? A. It works well all rainy days. B. It produces no dirty waste gas. C. It costs nothing at all. D. It can replace all other energy right now. ( )9. The underlined word “renewable” in Paragraph1 means ____. A. 可再生的 B. 一次性的 C. 有毒的 D. 昂贵的 ( )10. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to dig coal and oil under ground. B. Solar energy: a kind of clean green energy. C. Disadvantages of all kinds of new energy. D. Why we must stop using electricity. (三) More city people enjoy balcony gardening. They grow vegetables or flowers on their home balconies. You do not need large farmland for this hobby. Just some flower pots, soil and seeds are enough. Growing plants on balconies brings many good points. Green plants can make our home more beautiful. Some home‑grown vegetables are fresh and free from harmful farm chemicals. Looking at green plants can also relax our eyes after long screen time. Of course balcony gardening needs patience. Plants need proper sunlight and water. Too much water will make roots rot. Too little sunlight will stop them from growing well. You should learn simple growing knowledge before you start. Balcony gardening lets city people get close to nature in small living space. It teaches us to respect the growth rules of plants. Even in busy cities, we can build a little piece of nature of our own. ( )11. What do people need for balcony gardening? A. Large farmland. B. Lots of expensive machines. C. Flower pots, soil and seeds. D. Big animal farm. ( )12. Which is NOT one advantage of balcony gardening? A. Make home more beautiful. B. Get fresh vegetables without harmful chemicals. C. Help relax our eyes. D. Produce huge amounts of grain for market. ( )13. What will happen if you water balcony plants too much? A. They grow much faster. B. Their roots will rot. C. They will have more flowers. D. They can live without sunlight. ( )14. The underlined word “rot” in Paragraph3 means ____. A. 腐烂 B. 发芽 C. 开花 D. 结果 ( )15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Balcony plants can grow without any water. B. City people can get close to nature through balcony gardening. C. Balcony gardening can take the place of farm production. D. All plants can grow well without sunlight. (四) Paper is mainly made from wood. Every year, lots of trees are cut down to produce paper for offices. Too much paper use means more forest loss. Now green office ideas become popular. Paper‑free office is one of them. In a paper‑free office, people try their best to use digital files instead of paper. They send work information by email or office software. They hold online meetings rather than printing lots of paper reports. When printing is really necessary, people choose double‑side printing to save paper. Paper‑free work does not mean stopping using paper completely. It means cutting down unnecessary paper waste. Some offices also set paper‑recycling boxes. Used clean paper can be collected and recycled for second‑time use. Small changes in offices can reduce the need for wood. Protecting forests does not only belong to environmental workers. Every office worker can do his or her part through small daily work habits. ( )16. What is paper mainly made from? A. Stone B. Cotton C. Sand D. Wood ( )17. What do people do in paper‑free offices? A. Never use any computers. B. Use digital files instead of paper as much as possible. C. Cut down more trees for paper. D. Print all reports on single‑side paper. ( )18. What should people do if printing is really necessary? A. Print on double sides. B. Print many more copies. C. Throw paper away after one look. D. Burn used paper directly. ( )19. The underlined word “recycled” in Paragraph3 means ____. A. 直接丢弃 B. 焚烧销毁 C. 回收利用 D. 长期存放 ( )20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How people cut down trees in big forests. B. Paper‑free office helps protect our forests. C. Different ways to make paper by hand. D. Why every office must use lots of paper. (五) Kitchen waste, also called food waste, is a big part of our daily rubbish. Vegetable leaves, fruit peels and leftover meals all belong to kitchen waste. If we throw them together with other rubbish, they will produce bad smell and pollute land. But kitchen waste is not completely useless. After special treatment, it can become fertilizer for plants. It can also be turned into biogas for cooking or lighting. So sorting kitchen waste correctly is very meaningful for environmental protection. In many communities, special green bins are prepared for kitchen waste. Residents put food waste into these green bins. Workers collect them and send to special‑treatment factories. However, many people still mix kitchen waste with other rubbish. Some do not know the value of food waste. Schools and communities give popular‑science lessons to teach people waste‑sorting knowledge. Good waste‑sorting habits need every citizen’s effort. ( )21. Which of the following belongs to kitchen waste? A. Old plastic bottles. B. Broken glass. C. Fruit peels. D. Used batteries. ( )22. What will happen if kitchen waste is mixed with other rubbish? A. It can become clean drinking water. B. It produces bad smell and pollutes land. C. It can grow into new vegetables. D. It will disappear in one day. ( )23. What can kitchen waste become after special treatment? A. Only plastic bags. B. Building stones. C. New metal products. D. Fertilizer or biogas. ( )24. The underlined word “fertilizer” in Paragraph 2 means ____. A. 肥料 B. 药品 C. 纸张 D. 玩具 ( )25. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Different kinds of food we eat every day. B. Kitchen waste’s influence and correct sorting. C. How people grow vegetables in home gardens. D. The history of different community rubbish bins. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $