落实语篇意识 破解七选五题 课件 2026届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“七选五”题型，依据高考评价体系梳理了语篇逻辑结构、句间关系分析、连贯一致性等核心考点，通过题型解读明确段首主旨、段中过渡、段尾总结的设空规律，结合解题策略（段落一致、词汇复现等原则），精准对接语言能力和思维品质的考查要求。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+技巧落地”，如以2024新高考I卷“字典使用”文本为例，用逻辑关系词原则（转折词but）解析上下文衔接，培养学生分析推断的思维品质；归纳“先易后难、代入验证”答题步骤，结合代词一致等技巧提升语言理解能力，助力学生高效得分，教师可据此系统规划复习，实现教考精准衔接。

落实语篇意识 破解七选五题 2025/10/22 落实语篇意识 破解七选五题 我谈高考系列 CONTENTS 目录 01 02 03 04 反思归纳 05 真题分析 题型解读 题目设置 解题策略 题型解读 01 题型解读 试题模式 一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白， 要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最 佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、 前后连贯，结构完整。 考查重点 要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对语篇连贯性、一致性等语篇特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。 题目设置 02 关键词定位法 设空处为段首。在标题类文章中，该空一般为主旨句，需要通读设空处后面整段的内容来确定本段主旨；在非标题类文章中，该空可能是主旨句或段落过渡句。 过渡句、解释句、承上启下 设空处在段中。该句一般为段中过渡句，起到承上（启下）的作用，这时需要浏览设空处前后的句子来确定句间逻辑关系。 总结句、承上启下 设空处在段尾。一般为主旨句或总结句。 标题句与主题句 年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 小标题 新高考Ⅰ卷 夹叙夹议 热爱事业的咖啡店员工 0 4 0 0 2025 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 一家人一起做志愿者 1 2 1 1 2024 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 词典的使用 1 4 0 0 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 如何缓解过度旅游 0 3 1 1 全国甲卷 说明文 适度饮食 2 2 0 1 2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 自我宽恕 0 4 1 0 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 有关开始艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 0 全国甲卷 说明文 有关变得耐心的方法 0 3 1 1 全国乙卷 说明文 室内植物 0 3 2 0 2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 一起锻炼的伙伴 0 4 1 0 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0 0 全国甲卷 说明文 外出就餐 1 3 1 0 全国乙卷 应用文 维系异地友谊的方法 2 1 1 1 2021 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 体验巴黎人的生活 0 4 1 0 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 提升阅读速度的意义 1 4 0 0 全国甲卷 说明文 如何在宴会上变得风趣 1 3 1 0 全国乙卷 应用文 如何进行旧物 2 1 1 1 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 当众演讲的四个建议 1 3 1 0 2020 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 就医的建议 1 3 1 0 承上启下 解题策略 03 技巧 1 段落一致原则 10 主题语境:作者在巴黎生活一周的所见所闻 (2021年新高考I卷) The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管)worked.___37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said,“Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it. A.Not all the customers are tourists. B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. C 10 11 主旨大意:5条关于如何让火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议 (2023·1月浙江卷) Bring a blanket.When you're riding on trains, you won't be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.38.________In the summer in particular the air conditioning can make them quite cold. A.Train trips aren't for impatient types. B.You'll have views from both sides of the train. C.The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D.That's particularly true during busy summer months. C 段落一致原则 11 技巧2 12 词汇复现原则 主题语境:如何寻找一个健身搭档 (2022全国新高考I卷) You and your partner will probably have different skills 40_______Over time, both of you will benefit -your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. F 12 13 主旨大意:介绍室内植物养殖给人们的健康带来益处 (2023·全国乙卷) What are indoor plants ? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter.37 . A. All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding D 反义词 13 技巧3 14 代词一致原则 ①they/them=复数名词 ②it=单数/不可数名词或整个句子 主题语境:学会自我宽恕 (2023新课标I) You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.39 .That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this--it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. C 14   38   It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 主旨大意: 字典的使用 2024新高考Ⅰ卷 E 代词一致原则 技巧4 16 逻辑关系词原则 16 17 主旨大意:培养耐心的几种方法 【2023·全国甲卷] Practice gratitude(感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.___2__.“Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,”said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. lt can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience 逻辑关系--递进关系 E 17 主旨大义：一起锻炼的伙伴【2022年新高考I卷】 So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person.   37   Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 根据句子的逻辑关系解题。or为并列连词， 表示选择，一般连接同等成分的词，短语或句子。 D 19 主旨大意:如何让你的火车旅程更加愉快 2023年1月浙江卷 Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week so missing yours can be a disaster._39_____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. A. Train trips aren't for impatient types. B. You'll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That's particularly true during busy summer months. E.You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the dinner. 逻辑关系----因果关系 E 19 20 For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. ____40____A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. D选项有转折词but，需与上下文构成转折关系，而40题前表达的意思是“ ‘编字典是一件无聊的工作，’约翰逊在解释无聊一词的定义时写道。”表达的是对字典的一种负面态度，与D选项“一本字典读起来是一种乐趣”构成转折关系。 逻辑关系----转折关系 主旨大意: 字典的使用 2024新高考Ⅰ卷 20 先简单后复杂， 逐步排除打个叉， 带入选项看上下， 文章意思最重要， 注意过渡，替代和重复； 通读全文再检查。 七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧: 教师寄语 技巧的灵活运用> 技巧本身 语言的背后是强大的思维和逻辑 22 Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together?.............. ●You will feel like you have more time. ............. ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ● ___39___  Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to come. ●You will have more time with family. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. 主旨大意：一家人一起做志愿者 2025年全国二卷 C 真题分析 04 语篇类型 记叙文 主题语境 “人与自我”主题语境下做人与做事主题群-----积极人生态度 语篇内容 本文通过描述大学咖啡馆员工 Catherine Murphy 的工作日常与服务态度，展现她平凡岗位上的奉献精神和对学生的积极影响。 核心价值 本文培养学生正确、积极的生活态度，引导学生树立正确的就业观和价值观，进而提升学生对社会的适应能力及实践能力。 语篇结构 文章结构清晰，采用总分总的科学论述结构 2025新高考Ⅰ卷--七选五文本研读 what what why how An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. ___36___ E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. 2025高考 36. E 段际衔接句。空前句提到“咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供更多”，下文描写咖啡馆员工 Murphy “make the drinks”“she smiles”。选项 E“Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还传递微笑 ”完美承接前文的 “and more”，同时引出后文对 Murphy 微笑服务的细节描写 如下段中的 “she smiles” Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. ___37___ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. 2025高考 37. D 段中衔接句。空前句描述 Murphy 制作饮品的动作 goes back and forth between machines，空后句描写她递饮料时的问候。选项 D “After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup完成订单后，她会呼唤杯上的名字”是制作流程的自然延续finishing an order呼应前文，并引出后续与顾客的互动 calls out the name→as the customer grabs the drink，符合动作顺序逻辑。 2025高考 Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. ___38___ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. 38. C 段中衔接句。空前句强调 Murphy 每日早起通勤 gets up at a quarter to five，空后引用她的话解释动机I like to make coffee for the students。选项 C “Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early有时她会提前到岗，只为更早服务学生 ”既承接“早起”细节arrives early，又通过“serve the students”直接引向她的自述，体现其主动服务态度。 2025高考 One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. ___39___ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. 39. F 段中衔接句。空前句介绍学生 Joanna Wright 频繁光顾咖啡馆 goes to the cafe at least six days a week，空后引用Wright的话强调Murphy微笑的感染力。选项 F“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class去咖啡馆让她开启美好一天，为上课做好准备”以学生视角解释光顾原因呼应six days a week，并自然衔接后文对Murphy积极影响的评价 starts her day off good→puts me in a cheerful mood 。 “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. ___40___ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 40. G 段中衔接句。空前句表达 Murphy 对工作的热爱 I enjoy working in the cafe，后文强调她希望持续工作 has every intention of staying。选项 G “She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else她在此服务17年，无法想象在其他地方工作 ”以具体年限17 years和职业忠诚度 can’t imagine... 强化主题，与前文形成“热爱→坚持”的因果闭环。 2025高考 40. G 段中衔接句。空前句表达 Murphy 对工作的热爱 I enjoy working in the cafe，后文强调她希望持续工作 has every intention of staying。选项 G “She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else她在此服务17年，无法想象在其他地方工作 ”以具体年限17 years和职业忠诚度 can’t imagine... 强化主题，与前文形成“热爱→坚持”的因果闭环。 语篇类型 夹叙夹议文，语篇长度259词 主题语境 人与社会----文化学习---字典的使用 语篇内容 文章主要介绍了字典对作者作家身份的重要性以及查阅纸质字典的好处 语篇结构 文章结构清晰，采用总分总的科学论述结构 2024新高考Ⅰ卷--七选五文本研读 what what how para1 the importance of spelling correctly para2-4: three useful dictionaries para5: the benefits of using dictionaries 【2024年新课标I卷】 Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿).   36   No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. 36.【关键能力】设空处上文提及“If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). (如果你要出版一本书，提交一份完美、专业的稿件至关重要)”，设空处后面一句提及“No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. (任何编辑都不会容忍一个不注意正确拼写单词的作者)”，由此可知，设空处应选择与正确拼写相关的内容。结合选项，F 项意为“这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误”，符合语境，且其中的“no spelling mistakes”与下文中的“spell words correctly”相呼应。故选 F 项。此题属于推理判断题，考查学生理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系的能力。 I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.   37   Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. B. It takes no account of the context. 37.【关键能力】设空处上文提及“I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. (我不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查程序)”，后文提及“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. (当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”，设空处应说明作者选择查阅纸质词典的原因。结合选项，B 项意为“它没有考虑到上下文”，符合语境，其中的“it”指代上文中的“laptop's spellchecker”。故选B项。此题属于推理判断题，考查学生理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系的能力。 【失分剖析】本题考生由于缺乏对段落大意的分析，以及段落句间逻辑关系的准确把握，并未读懂此段话想要表达的真正含义，同时，因为不理解“laptop”的含义，易错选C项。   38   It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. 38.【关键能力】设空处下文提及“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical.（它应为每个单词提供准确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。）”，由此可推知，设空处应与字典的功能和作用相关。结合选项，E项意为“当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的”，引出下文，介绍字典的其他作用。故选E项。此题属于逻辑衔接题，考查学生对文章连贯性、一致性等语篇特征熟练把握的能力。 In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.   39   However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. 39.【关键能力】设空处上文提及了作者购买的《简明牛津词典》内容十分丰富，下文则提及“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.（不过，如果我需要查看一个词的来源或查找其用法示例，没有比这更好的了。）”，强调字典的使用，其中的“However”表示转折。由此可推知，设空处内容与其下一句语义相反，结合选项，A项意为“我不常用这本字典”，与下文衔接紧密。故选A项。此题属于推理判断题，考查学生理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系的能力。 【失分剖析】本题考生由于缺乏对设空处所在段主旨大意的准确理解，以及缺乏对设空处所在段句间逻辑关系的把握，没能将设空处指代上下文内容的逻辑关系分析出来，容易错选B项。 For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. ____40____A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. 40.【关键能力】设空处上文提及“To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work（编写字典是一项枯燥的工作）”，下文却提及“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.（花几分钟时间浏览一两页纸就能收获颇丰。）”，由此可推测，设空处应填入表示转折关系的句子。结合选项，D项意为“但是，字典也可以成为阅读的乐趣”，符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。此题属于推理判断题和逻辑衔接题的双重考查，既考查学生理解句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系的能力，又考查学生对文章连贯性、一致性等语篇特征熟练把握的能力。 【失分剖析】本题考生由于缺乏对句间逻辑关系，以及段落的主旨大意的准确把握，无法准确分析出设空处与上下文的逻辑关系，根据自己的错误理解易错选 反思归纳 05 1. 广泛阅读，培养高阶思维。 阅读教学，读懂是关键，思考是核心，正确地选择出答案才是王道。要不断带领学生通过阅读不同题材和体裁的文章，培养Read beyond the lines 的能力，学会读懂言外之意。 2. 多阅读陌生话题和抽象文章。 这类文章往往涉及哲学、书评、心理学等领域的最新发现，属于议论文，话题抽象，内容虚无，看不见摸不着，难度较大，理解困难，容易让考生困惑。 教学反思与启示 3. 强化语篇分析，系统规划的深度阅读。 深度阅读有助于改善学生的做题习惯。传统的阅读理解题往往侧重于寻找答案，而忽视了对文本本身的深入解读。而科学系统的精读训练，则强调对文本的全面、细致分析，树立语篇意识，使学生逐渐养成从文本出发、深入理解问题、合理推断答案的良好习惯。 教学反思与启示 4. 剖析真题素材，学习试题命制技术。 高考真题来源于外刊，原文图文并茂，语言地道优美，用词精准生动。 教师除了品题、悟题、还有必要追根溯源，在溯源式的追寻中提升与高考命题专家“对话”的效度，解读素材改编目的，认真比对和学习题源与真题的异同，才能不断提升自身的命题技术；进而提高课堂教学和备考复习的效率，切实打通“教—学—考”之间的脉络，让高考与教学相得益彰。 教学反思与启示 原文链接： https://www.feedingamerica.org/hunger-blog/5-unexpected-benefits-volunteering-family Thank you for your listening! $