Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 句子基本成分和句子类型 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦句子基本成分与类型，以“Li Hua’s School Day”例句从简到繁导入，逐步呈现8大成分（主、谓、宾等）及8大简单句句型，构建“成分定义-类型示例-句型应用”的学习支架，帮助学生理清语法知识脉络。 其亮点在于结合生活化情境与思维导图（如定语修饰方式），通过实例解析（如双宾语动词、There be句型）培养学生语言理解与表达能力，借助分层练习（句子成分分析题）提升逻辑思维品质。资料系统易操作，能帮助学生夯实语法基础，也为教师提供清晰教学路径。

高中语法 句子基本成分&句子类型 1 句子基本成分有哪些？ Li Hua goes to Senior High School. Every morning, Li Hua goes to Senior High School. Every morning, Li Hua goes to Senior High School along the quiet street. Every morning, Li Hua goes to Senior High School along the quiet street with a bag on his back. Every morning, Li Hua, carrying his schoolbag, goes to the new Senior High School along the quiet street. Li Hua’s School Day 8大句子基本成分 主 句首 动作发出者 谓 实义 动词 助动词+V 情态动词+V 宾 动+宾 介+宾 表 系动词之后 be 感官系动词 状态系动词 表象系动词 变化系动词 定 修饰限定名词 状 补 宾语补足语 系动词 动词短语 同 对名词补充，解释说明 对宾语补充说明 修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子 P6 主语: 放在__________，动作发出者(人、物、事件）。 句首 Life is full of challenges. The hard-working student makes steady progress. Reading broadens our horizons. He enjoys learning English. It requires constant review to master vocabulary. What we learn at school shapes our future. 名词 名词短语 动名词 代词 不定式 从句 谓语: 放在__________，说明主语发出的动作或存在的状态。 He likes English. The bell rang. She is confident. We should practise reading every day. They are learning new words. He doesn‘t know the answer. All the preparations have been done for the party. Vt+宾语 vi 系动词+表语 情态动词+V 助动词+V 主语之后 谓语有时态、语态和语气的变化，谓语与主语在人称和数方面必须一致，即主谓一致。 If I were you, I would become the richest man in the world. 虚拟语气 宾语: 放在________或_______后，动作承受者。 We love China very much. I like Chinese cuisine very much. I am fond of appreciating the moon with my friends. He certainly did not want to join us. They decided to refuse their proposals. We expected that more people will join us. 名词 名词短语 动名词 代词 不定式 从句 及物动词 介词 动宾结构 介宾结构 需借助to：（v. + sth. to + sb.） bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, send, show, teach, tell等。 需借助for （v. + sth. for + sb.） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。 双宾语及物动词 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 (人) + 直接宾语 (物) My teacher gave me a useful tip. My teacher gave a useful tip to me. 宾补: 宾语补足语，对宾语进行___________。 I ask him to help me. I see him reading. I get my bike repaired. We keep the room clean. I find him in the classroom. Don’t make everybody your enemy! 不定式 现在分词 过去分词 形容词 介词短语 名词短语 补充、说明 表语: 放在________后，说明主语的状态或特征。 They are tour guides. That ice cream tastes wonderful. The gifts are theirs. My dream is to enter university. We are in the classroom. My hobby is reading novels. The film is moving. He feels surprised. The truth is that practice matters. 名词（短语） 形容词（短语） 代词 不定式 介词短语 动名词短语 系动词 现在分词 过去分词 从句 系动词: be动词 am is are was were 感官类 sound,taste,smell,feel,touch 状态类 stay, keep, remain保持 表象类 seem, appear 变化类 turn, get, become, grow 终止类 turn out, prove They are distinguished bridge designer. What is the box on the chair? Could you bring me something to drink? Do you know the girl standing here alone? The book written by Wang Li is a hit among the young. The man who is talking with our teacher is headmaster. 定语: 修饰_______或_______，形容词的作用。 名词 代词 形容词 从句 介词短语 不定式 现在分词 过去分词 Unluckily, I lost all my luggage. If I study hard, I will live a better life in the future. Please park the car in front of the building. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. They went to Shanghai to have a meeting. Seen from the top, the mountain is large. Safe and sound, we went home. 状语: 修饰形容词，动词，副词或整个句子，进一步说明动作的状态，方式，时间，地点，程度，原因，目的，结果和伴随情况等。 副词 从句 介词短语 现在分词短语 不定式 过去分词短语 形容词短语 解释说明 Mr. wang, our new teacher, is very kind to us. We students should study hard. Mary told us the news that their team had won the match. 同位语: 对名词、代词、名词短语进行进一步_________。 名词短语 名词 从句 简单句的八大基本句型： Svi SVtO SP S Vt IO DO SVtOC SViA SVtOA There be +主语（+其他）。就近原则 1. SV 主语+谓语 (不及物动词) 这种句型中的谓语动词为不及物动词（短语），故后不能直接接宾语，也没有被动语态。 1. All of us laughed. S V 2. He was sleeping. S V e.g.: 2. SVO 主语+谓语 (及物动词)+宾语 这种句型中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语，一般有被动语态 I miss my grandma. S V O 2. Monkeys like bananas. S V O e.g.: 3. SP 主语+系动词+表语 这种句型中的谓语动词为系动词，无被动语态，也无进行时态。系动词包括be动词，感官动词等 1. The teacher was kind and friendly. S P 2. His face turned red. S P 3. My father's hope is that I can go home frequently. S P e.g.: 4. S V IO DO 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。 1. He told us a funny story. S V IO DO 2. Danny wrote his mom a letter. S V IO DO 3. She bought Mr. Wood a book. S V IO DO 也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但是间接宾语前需用介词for或to. 1.V sb. sth.= verb sth. to sb. 借助to：send, give, pay, show, bring, take, offer, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, allow, wish, teach, promise等 2. V sb. sth. = verb sth. for sb. 借助for：buy, make (制造), do, get, paint, draw, play(弹，奏), save (节约，省下), order, find, cook, prepare. 1. The war made him a hero. S V O C 2. I found his cat dead. S V O C 3. She called him Mr. Wood. S V O C 5．主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 该句式常用于三类动词： ①使役动词keep, make, let, have, leave, get等； ②感官动词或短语see, watch, notice, observe, find, catch, look at, listen to, hear, feel, smell等； ③call, ask, tell, order, request, permit, persuade 等。 1. He talked too much. S V A 2. He coughed badly. S V A 3. The rabbit ran in the woods. S V A 6．主谓状(SVA)：主语＋谓语＋状语 该句型的谓语动词通常为不及物动词；副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 。 1. I had my first math class at s enior high school. S V O A 2. Mum makes lunch in the kitchen. S V O A 3. They liked the film very much. S V O A 7．主谓宾状(SVOA)：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 该句型的谓语动词通常为及物动词；副词或介词短语在句中作状语，修饰或说明谓语动词。 8．There be句型 (There is/are/was/were ＋主语+…) There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 谓语动词有时可用表示存在的其他动词，如live, stand, lie, seem/appear to be (好像有), happen to be (碰巧有), used to be (曾经有) 等。 There _____ (be) a pen and many books on the desk. There _______(lie) a river to the south. There _______ (stand) a temple near the village 10 years ago. is lies stood 就近原则 1. They didn't know what had impressed her so much. A B C 2. I don't like the picture on the wall. A B C D 3. The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. A B C D 主 谓 宾（从句） 主 谓 宾 定 主 定 谓 宾（从句） 下列句子中划线部分的句子成分。 Practice： 4. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. A B C 5. They made him monitor. A B C D 6. The strong and confident boy went to school on Friday. A B C D F 主 谓 宾 宾补 定 主 谓 状 状 状 主 谓 7. She wants the children to read newspapers in the reading room. A B C D E 8. When seeing the picture of Kobe and his daughter, I was sad. A B C D 主 谓 宾 宾补 状 状 主 系 表 THANK YOU ! $