第5卷 词汇与语法（动词时态2）-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦动词时态专项，通过基础与提升分层训练，系统覆盖现在进行时、过去进行时及现在完成时，结合生活场景强化语言运用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|20题|单句选择，含明确时间状语（now/these days/yesterday）|从基本时态识别到简单语境应用，构建"时间标志-时态匹配"基础逻辑| |提升篇|15题|复合语境题，涉及时间状语从句、情景对话|深化时态在复杂场景（如工作汇报、网络学习）中的运用，培养语言理解与思维分析能力|

编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第5卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（动词时态2）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 词汇与语法（动词时态2） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：120分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1.We students ______ a meaningful study trip to Zhangjiajie with our teachers this weekend. A.take B.took C.are taking D.were taking 2.My brother ______ basketball every day these days,because he wants to join the school sports team. A.plays B.will play C.played D.is playing 3.Don’t make any noise!The senior students ______ for their upcoming vocational college entrance examination in the classroom now. A.prepare B.prepared C.were preparing D.are preparing 4.Look!The school basketball team ______ very well in the city vocational school sports competition now. A.plays B.played C.is playing D.was playing 5.Be quiet!The foreign teacher ______ us useful knowledge about western festival customs in the lecture hall now. A.tells B.told C.is telling D.was telling 6.Nowadays,lots of teenagers ______ more time learning useful knowledge online instead of playing meaningless online games. A.are spending B.spent C.spend D.will spend 7.When I passed the school garden yesterday afternoon,the gardeners ______ flowers and watering the young trees there. A.plant B.were planting C.are planting D.planted 8.The little boy ______ his English homework carefully when his father came back from work last night. A.does B.did C.is doing D.was doing 9.I don’t think Lucy saw me,she ______ into space. A.is staring B.just stared C.was just staring D.has just stared 10.Last winter holiday,I ______ my oral English every morning when my friends were still sleeping. A.practice B.practiced C.am practicing D.was practicing 11.When the heavy storm came last afternoon, the workers ______ new facilities in the factory. A.install B.are installing C.installed D.were installing 12.What ______ you ______ when the unexpected power cut stopped our online training class last Friday? A.do;do B.are;doing C.were;doing D.did;do 13.When the news of the national vocational skills competition arrived, many players ______ hard in the training room. A.practiced B.were practicing C.practice D.are practicing 14.Jim first met Emma ten years ago,She ______ at a travel agency at that time. A.was working B.had worked C.had been working D.has worked 15.Our school ______ three vocational skill competitions since the beginning of this term. A.holds B.held C.has held D.is holding 16.The environmental group ______ many river-cleaning activities already. A.organizes B.organized C.has organized D.are organizing 17.Our country ______ many new rules to make the network environment safer since 2023. A.makes B.has made C.made D.is making 18.How many years is it ______ you graduated from junior high school? A.since B.for C.from D.before 19.Mr Liu ______ here in 2009.He ______ a teacher for over ten years. A.come;was B.has come;has been C.came;has been D.has come;is 20.—Have you finished your review for the coming exam ______? —Not yet. A.already B.yet C.ever D.never 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (每小题4分，共15小题，共60分) 1.Many young people on the short‑video platform ______ useful skills like hand-craft and cooking for millions of viewers right now. A.share B.shared C.will share D.are sharing 2.Nowadays, many official media accounts ______ short videos to spread positive cultural stories across the whole Internet. A.are producing B.produced C.produce D.will produce 3.When we are talking about online safety nowadays,more teenagers ______ much attention to the risks of false information on social media. A.pay B.are paying C.paid D.were paying 4.These days,internet users ______ for a more polite and friendly communication environment on all kinds of online platforms. A.call B.are calling C.called D.will call 5.Even though many people have free time on weekends,a large number of vocational students ______ practical skills through online courses recently. A.are learning B.learn C.learned D.were learning 6.While the young intern ______ his work report in the office yesterday evening,his manager suddenly came in with a new task. A.writes B.wrote C.was writing D.is writing 7.He didn’t answer the phone at nine last night,for he ______ with his classmates about the plans for the vocational skill competition. A.discussed B.was discussing C.is discussing D.discusses 8.I ______ a short online speech about my internship experience when my network connection broke down all of a sudden. A.gave B.was giving C.am giving D.give 9.No one knew exactly what the engineers ______ behind closed doors when the news about the new AI product came out. A.do B.did C.were doing D.are doing 10.Few people knew what the research team ______ on the new energy project when the related news was first spread across the Internet. A.were working B.work C.are working D.worked 11.As a youth volunteer,she ______ lots of social practice experience from community work in the past three years. A.gains B.gained C.has gained D.is gaining 12.The official media ______ a large number of real-life stories of skilled workers already to carry forward the spirit of craftsmen. A.share B.shared C.are sharing D.have shared 13.Over the past two years,AI technology ______ great changes to people’s daily study and working ways. A.has brought B.brought C.brings D.is bringing 14.I ______ the online public-welfare speech about preventing internet cheating,so I know much about this topic. A.have watched B.watched C.watch D.am watching 15.Lots of young creators ______ thousands of short-video works to spread traditional handicraft culture over the past few years. A.produced B.have produced C.are producing D.produce 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第5卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（动词时态2）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 词汇与语法（动词时态2） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：120分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1.We students ______ a meaningful study trip to Zhangjiajie with our teachers this weekend. A.take B.took C.are taking D.were taking 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在进行时。句意：我们学生这周末将要和老师们一起去张家界开展一次有意义的研学旅行。this weekend指本周末，表将来时间。现在进行时（am/is/are + doing）可用来表示已经做好安排的近期将来，多用于出行类动词：go, come, leave, take a trip。A一般现在时，表经常性习惯。B一般过去时，动作已经发生。D过去进行时。 2.My brother ______ basketball every day these days,because he wants to join the school sports team. A.plays B.will play C.played D.is playing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：现在进行时表示现阶段持续反复的动作（不一定此时此刻正在做）。句意：这些天我弟弟每天都在打篮球，因为他想要加入校运动队。these days 强调现阶段这一段时间，突出近期主观努力，不是长久的日常习惯，用现在进行时。A 一般现在时。B一般将来时，C 一般过去时，动作发生在过去。 3.Don’t make any noise!The senior students ______ for their upcoming vocational college entrance examination in the classroom now. A.prepare B.prepared C.were preparing D.are preparing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：不要吵闹！高年级的学生此刻正在教室里备战即将到来的对口升学考试。Don’t make any noise!和now双重提示：此刻现场正在进行的动作，结构：are + doing。 A 一般现在时。 B一般过去时。 C 过去进行时。 4.Look!The school basketball team ______ very well in the city vocational school sports competition now. A.plays B.played C.is playing D.was playing 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：看！校篮球队此刻正在市级职校运动会中打出很好的表现。Look!是现在进行时经典提示词，提醒对方看正在发生的现场事件。A 一般现在时。B一般过去时。D过去进行时。 5.Be quiet!The foreign teacher ______ us useful knowledge about western festival customs in the lecture hall now. A.tells B.told C.is telling D.was telling 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：安静！外教此刻正在报告厅给我们讲解关于西方节日习俗的实用知识。Be quiet!+ 时间标志now。“安静”暗示当下动作正在进行。A 一般现在时。B 一般过去时。D过去进行时。 6.Nowadays,lots of teenagers ______ more time learning useful knowledge online instead of playing meaningless online games. A.are spending B.spent C.spend D.will spend 【答案】A 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：如今，许多青少年正花更多时间在网上学习有用的知识，而不是玩毫无意义的网络游戏。nowadays 不特指 “此时此刻”，侧重描述当下这个时期正在发生的变化趋势，用现在进行时。B一般过去时。C一般现在时。D一般将来时。 7.When I passed the school garden yesterday afternoon,the gardeners ______ flowers and watering the young trees there. A.plant B.were planting C.are planting D.planted 【答案】B 【详解】考点：过去进行时。原句：昨天下午我经过校园花园的时候，园丁们正在那里种花、浇灌小树。when + 一般过去时（短暂动作），主句用过去进行时（过去正在持续的动作）。passed（经过）是一瞬间发生的过去短暂动作；在 “经过” 的那一刻，种花浇花这个延续动作正在发生。and 后面watering也提示平行的进行时态。A一般现在时。C现在进行时。D一般过去时。 8.The little boy ______ his English homework carefully when his father came back from work last night. A.does B.did C.is doing D.was doing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：过去进行时。原句：昨晚爸爸下班回家的时候，小男孩正在认真写英语作业。 came back（下班回家）是瞬间发生的过去动作；父亲到家的那个时间点，写作业这个动作正在进行。主语 the little boy 单数，用 was doing。 A一般现在时。B一般过去时。 C现在进行时。 9.I don’t think Lucy saw me,she ______ into space. A.is staring B.just stared C.was just staring D.has just stared 【答案】C 【详解】考点：过去进行时。原句：我觉得露西并没有看见我，她当时正在发呆。saw 是过去的时间点，“没看见我” 的那个瞬间，她正处于走神发呆的状态，要用过去进行时。A现在进行时。B一般过去时。 D现在完成。 10.Last winter holiday,I ______ my oral English every morning when my friends were still sleeping. A.practice B.practiced C.am practicing D.was practicing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：过去进行时。原句：去年寒假，当我的朋友们还在睡觉的时候，我每天早上都在练习英语口语。时间背景 last winter holiday（去年寒假），when 从句were still sleeping给出过去持续背景，强调那段日子每天清晨持续坚持的行为。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。C现在进行时。 11.When the heavy storm came last afternoon, the workers ______ new facilities in the factory. A.install B.are installing C.installed D.were installing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：when 引导时间状语从句，从句短暂动作用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。原句：昨天下午暴风雨来临的时候，工人们正在工厂安装新设备。came暴风雨到来是突发的瞬间过去动作；暴风雨来临那一刻，安装设备的延续动作正在进行。A一般现在时。 B现在进行时。 C一般过去时。 12.What ______ you ______ when the unexpected power cut stopped our online training class last Friday? A.do;do B.are;doing C.were;doing D.did;do 【答案】C 【详解】考点：过去进行时特殊疑问句结构：What was/were + 主语 + doing + 过去时间背景。原句：上周五突如其来的停电中断线上培训课的时候，你当时正在做什么？last Friday 是过去具体时间，询问过去某时刻正在做什么；主语 you，be 动词用 were。A一般现在时疑问句。B现在进行时。D一般过去时疑问句。 13.When the news of the national vocational skills competition arrived, many players ______ hard in the training room. A.practiced B.were practicing C.practice D.are practicing 【答案】B 【详解】考点：过去进行时；when 从句短暂动作，主句为当时正在进行的延续动作。原句：当全国职业技能大赛的消息传来时，许多选手正在训练室刻苦训练。arrived（消息传来）是瞬间发生的过去动作；消息抵达那一刻，选手训练的动作正在进行。 A一般过去时。C一般现在时。D现在进行时。 14.Jim first met Emma ten years ago,She ______ at a travel agency at that time. A.was working B.had worked C.had been working D.has worked 【答案】A 【详解】考点：过去进行时原句：吉姆十年前第一次遇见艾玛，那个时候她正在一家旅行社工作。ten years ago、at that time 指向过去的时间点，强调相遇那一刻她正从事这份工作，没有 “过去的过去” 的先后对比。B过去完成时，表示 “过去的过去”，工作发生在 met 之前，本题无先后对比，排除。D现在完成时，连接现在时间，时态完全错误。 15.Our school ______ three vocational skill competitions since the beginning of this term. A.holds B.held C.has held D.is holding 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在完成时标志词since + 过去时间起点；结构 have/has + 过去分词，动作从过去延续到现在。原句：从本学期开学以来，我校已经举办了三场职业技能比赛。since 是现在完成时标志性信号词；主语 our school 单数，助动词用 has。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。D.现在进行时，和题意不符。 16.The environmental group ______ many river-cleaning activities already. A.organizes B.organized C.has organized D.are organizing 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在完成时标志词already（已经），多用于肯定陈述句，强调动作到目前为止已经完成。原句：这个环保组织已经组织过多次河道清理活动。主语 the environmental group 单数，助动词用 has。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。D现在进行时。 17.Our country ______ many new rules to make the network environment safer since 2023. A.makes B.has made C.made D.is making 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在完成时：since + 年份时间点，动作从该年份延续、影响到现在。原句：自 2023 年以来，我国出台了许多新规，让网络环境更加安全。since 2023，从 2023 到现在，主语 our country 单数，用 has made。A一般现在时。C一般过去时，只代表 2023 当年发生，没有延续至今的含义。D现在进行时，表示此刻正在制定。 18.How many years is it ______ you graduated from junior high school? A.since B.for C.from D.before 【答案】A 【详解】考点：固定句型：It is + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句，原句：自从你初中毕业到现在有多少年了？since 意为 “自从……”。since 后面接过去发生的动作graduated。B for 后面只能接时间段，不能接完整句子。C不能引导该句型。D before意为 “在…… 之前”，语义不通。 19.Mr Liu ______ here in 2009.He ______ a teacher for over ten years. A.come;was B.has come;has been C.came;has been D.has come;is 【答案】C 【详解】考点：时态对比：①in + 具体过去年份，用一般过去时；②for + 时间段，动作延续至今，用现在完成时。原句：刘老师 2009 年来到这里，他当老师已经十多年了。第一空 in 2009 明确过去时间点，动作发生在 2009，用 came；第二空 for over ten years，表示累计到现在十多年，用 has been。 A时态错误；was 仅表示过去是老师，不代表现在仍然是。B现在完成时不能搭配 in 2009 具体过去时间。D 两个时态全部错误。 20.—Have you finished your review for the coming exam ______? —Not yet. A.already B.yet C.ever D.never 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在完成时副词辨析：yet /already。原句：—— 你已经完成即将到来考试的复习了吗？—— 还没有。yet用于疑问句、否定句句末，表 “已经、还”；already多用于肯定陈述句；答句 Not yet 为固定搭配。A多用于肯定句，不适合本疑问句末尾。C 曾经，语义不符合问答。D 从不，语义错误。 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (每小题4分，共15小题，共60分) 1.Many young people on the short‑video platform ______ useful skills like hand-craft and cooking for millions of viewers right now. A.share B.shared C.will share D.are sharing 【答案】D 【详解】考点：现在进行时标志词right now（此刻、现如今）。原句：当下，许多年轻人正在短视频平台向数百万观众分享手工、烹饪这类实用技能。right now 提示现阶段正在发生的行为；主语 people 复数，are+doing。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。C一般将来时。 2.Nowadays, many official media accounts ______ short videos to spread positive cultural stories across the whole Internet. A.are producing B.produced C.produce D.will produce 【答案】A 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：现如今，许多官方媒体账号正在发布短视频，在全网传播正能量文化故事。nowadays 强调现阶段持续发生，不是过去也不是将来。 B一般过去时。C一般现在时，长期客观事实。D一般将来时。 3.When we are talking about online safety nowadays,more teenagers ______ much attention to the risks of false information on social media. A.pay B.are paying C.paid D.were paying 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：如今当我们谈论网络安全的时候，越来越多青少年正重视社交媒体上虚假信息带来的风险。突出当下正在发生的观念变化，不是长久固有习惯。A. 一般现在时。C一般过去时。D过去进行时。 4.These days,internet users ______ for a more polite and friendly communication environment on all kinds of online platforms. A.call B.are calling C.called D.will call 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：近来，网民们一直在各类网络平台呼吁更加文明友好的交流环境。these days 指近期一段时间持续发生。A一般现在时。C一般过去时。D一般将来时。 5.Even though many people have free time on weekends,a large number of vocational students ______ practical skills through online courses recently. A.are learning B.learn C.learned D.were learning 【答案】A 【详解】考点：现在进行时。原句：尽管很多人周末有空闲时间，但大量中职学生最近一直在通过网课学习实用技能。本题 recently 侧重 “这一段时间内一直在做”，并非 “累计到现在多久”，用现在进行时。B一般现在时。C一般过去时。D过去进行时。 6.While the young intern ______ his work report in the office yesterday evening,his manager suddenly came in with a new task. A.writes B.wrote C.was writing D.is writing 【答案】C 【详解】考点：过去进行时；while 引导时间状语从句，从句常用延续性动词的过去进行时。原句：昨晚，那位年轻实习生正在办公室写工作报告的时候，经理突然带着一项新任务走了进来。while 意为 “正当…… 的时候”，yesterday evening 为过去时间；写报告是延续动作，came in 是突然闯入的短暂动作。主语 intern 单数，was doing。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。D现在进行时。 7.He didn’t answer the phone at nine last night,for he ______ with his classmates about the plans for the vocational skill competition. A.discussed B.was discussing C.is discussing D.discusses 【答案】B 【详解】考点：过去进行时；at + 具体过去时刻**，表示过去某确切时间点正在做某事。原句：昨晚九点他没有接电话，因为当时他正和同学们讨论职业技能大赛的方案。at nine last night 是过去确切时刻；for 引导原因状语，解释当时没接电话的原因。A一般过去时。C现在进行时。D一般现在时。 8.I ______ a short online speech about my internship experience when my network connection broke down all of a sudden. A.gave B.was giving C.am giving D.give 【答案】B 【详解】考点：过去进行时 + when 突发打断句型。原句：我正在做一场关于实习经历的线上简短发言，这时我的网络突然中断了。broke down（网络中断）是突发短暂过去动作；网络断掉那一刻，线上发言正在进行。A一般过去时，表示发言已经完成。C现在进行时。D一般现在时。 9.No one knew exactly what the engineers ______ behind closed doors when the news about the new AI product came out. A.do B.did C.were doing D.are doing 【答案】C 【详解】考点：宾语从句时态一致，过去进行时描述过去那一刻正在进行。原句：当这款新型人工智能产品的消息对外公布时，没有人确切知道工程师们闭门正在做什么。主句No one knew是一般过去时；从句表达消息公布的那个时刻工程师正在开展的工作，用过去进行时。主语 the engineers 复数，were doing。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。D现在进行时，和主句 knew 时态不一致。 10.Few people knew what the research team ______ on the new energy project when the related news was first spread across the Internet. A.were working B.work C.are working D.worked 【答案】A 【详解】考点：宾语从句时态呼应；过去进行时描述过去某时刻正在进行的动作。原句：当相关消息第一次在互联网流传开的时候，几乎没人知道研究团队当时正在新能源项目上开展什么工作。主句 Few people knew 为过去时，when 从句也是过去背景；表达消息流传那一刻团队正在开展工作，research team 此处侧重团队成员，用复数 were working。B一般现在时。C现在进行时。D一般过去时。 11.As a youth volunteer,she ______ lots of social practice experience from community work in the past three years. A.gains B.gained C.has gained D.is gaining 【答案】C 【详解】考点：现在完成时标志短语in the past + 时间段，动作从过去持续到现在，对现在有结果。原句：作为一名青年志愿者，在过去三年里，她从社区工作中收获了大量社会实践经验。in the past three years “过去三年以来”，强调到现在为止收获经验；主语 she 单数，has gained。 A一般现在时。B一般过去时。D现在进行时。 12.The official media ______ a large number of real-life stories of skilled workers already to carry forward the spirit of craftsmen. A.share B.shared C.are sharing D.have shared 【答案】D 【详解】考点：现在完成时。原句：官方媒体已经刊登了大量技术工人的真实故事，用来弘扬工匠精神。already 表示到目前为止已经完成；media 本身为复数，助动词用 have。A一般现在时。B一般过去时。C现在进行时。 13.Over the past two years,AI technology ______ great changes to people’s daily study and working ways. A.has brought B.brought C.brings D.is bringing 【答案】A 【详解】考点：现在完成时原句：在过去两年间，人工智能技术给人们日常学习和工作方式带来了巨大的改变。标志over the past + 时间段，动作从过去发生，影响延续到现在。over the past two years “过去两年来”；主语 AI technology 单数，has brought。B一般过去时，只讲过去发生，和现在无关联。C一般现在时。D现在进行时。 14.I ______ the online public-welfare speech about preventing internet cheating,so I know much about this topic. A.have watched B.watched C.watch D.am watching 【答案】A 【详解】考点：现在完成时。原句：我已经看过这场关于防范网络诈骗的线上公益讲座，所以我对这个主题了解很多。后半句so I know much about this topic是现在的结果，说明 “看讲座” 这件事对现在造成影响，要用现在完成时。B一般过去时。C一般现在时。D现在正在看，和后半句逻辑矛盾。 15.Lots of young creators ______ thousands of short-video works to spread traditional handicraft culture over the past few years. A.produced B.have produced C.are producing D.produce 【答案】B 【详解】考点：现在完成时。原句：在过去几年里，许多年轻创作者制作了成千上万条短视频作品，用来传播传统手工艺文化。标志短语over the past few years（过去几年来），强调累计到现在的成果。时间表示从数年前延续到现在，体现累计产出，主语 creators 复数，have produced。A一般过去时。C现在进行时，此刻正在制作。D. 一般现在时。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $