Unit 3 Make it happen.语法精讲精练2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义聚焦动词不定式与动名词作宾语辨析，通过分类梳理构建知识体系，用表格对比呈现只接to do、只接doing的动词类别及意义不同的动词结构，结合记忆口诀强化记忆，重点解析stop/try/remember/forget四组易混结构，清晰呈现知识脉络与重难点。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，涵盖单项选择、动词填空、句型转换等题型，典型例题配套解析，如通过“remember to do（未做）/remember doing（已做）”辨析培养思维品质，记忆口诀提升学习能力。分层练习满足不同学生需求，答案解析支持自主复习，助力教师实施精准教学，提升语言运用能力。

外研版 八上 Unit 3 Make it happen.语法精讲精练 —— 动词不定式与动名词作宾语（to do / doing 辨析） —— 使用说明 英语中动词后再跟动词时，第二个动词要用非谓语形式：动词不定式（to do）或动名词（doing）。哪些动词后只接 to do、哪些只接 doing、哪些两者皆可但意义不同，是中考单项选择与词语运用的高频考点。本讲聚焦「动词 + 宾语」这一句法位置，系统梳理三类搭配并重点辨析 stop/try/remember/forget 四组易混结构，配套三类分层练习，答案与解析统一附于文末。 第一讲 知识精讲 一、动词不定式作宾语 （一）概念与结构 动词不定式由「不定式符号 to + 动词原形」构成，是一种非谓语动词结构，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独作谓语；它可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动词不定式短语。 形式 结构 例句 肯定形式 to + 动词原形 They decided to build a bridge over the river. 他们决定在河上建一座桥。 否定形式 not to + 动词原形 He promised not to tell anyone. 他答应不告诉任何人。 My brother plans to watch an English movie tonight. 我哥哥计划今晚看一部英文电影。 We all expect to go there this weekend. 我们都期待本周末去那儿。 （二）只接动词不定式（to do）作宾语的动词 类别 常见动词 想要、希望 want, would like, hope, wish, expect, desire 决定、计划、学习 decide, plan, learn, choose 同意、答应、主动 agree, promise, offer 拒绝、假装、设法 refuse, pretend, manage 其他 fail（未能）, afford（负担得起）, help, prepare, happen 【注】记忆口诀：「想要（want/would like）希望（hope/wish/expect）决定（decide）计划（plan）学（learn），同意（agree）选择（choose）答应（promise）别拒绝（refuse），假装（pretend）主动（offer）设法（manage）做成」。 She hopes to study abroad one day. 她希望有朝一日出国留学。 He refused to answer the question. 他拒绝回答这个问题。 （三）「特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式」作宾语 decide、know、learn、show、ask、tell、wonder、find out 等动词后，可接「what/which/how/when/where/whether + to do」作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句的简化。 We must know what to do next. 我们必须知道下一步该做什么。（= what we should do next） I can't decide what to wear. 我拿不定主意穿什么。 Could you show me how to get to the station? 你能告诉我怎么去车站吗？ 二、动名词（doing）作宾语 动名词由「动词 + -ing」构成，兼具动词和名词的性质，可作动词或介词的宾语。并不是所有动词都能接不定式，下列动词（短语）只能接动名词 doing 作宾语。 类别 常见动词 / 短语 只接 doing 的动词 enjoy, finish, practise, mind, miss, avoid, keep, suggest, consider, imagine 只接 doing 的短语 give up, feel like, have fun, be busy, be worth, put off, keep on, can't help（忍不住）, look forward to 【注】记忆口诀：「完成（finish）练习（practise）享（enjoy）介意（mind），避免（avoid）错过（miss）一直（keep）忙（be busy）；放弃（give up）想要（feel like）值得（be worth）盼（look forward to），不禁（can't help）推迟（put off）建议（suggest）考虑（consider）」。 Some people enjoy lying on the beach. 一些人喜欢躺在沙滩上。 We must finish reading these books before Sunday. 我们必须在周日前读完这些书。 【易错警示】look forward to、be used to（习惯于）、pay attention to、prefer...to... 中的 to 是介词，后接 doing 而不是动词原形：I'm looking forward to hearing from you.（不说 *to hear）。 三、接 to do 与 doing 意义不同的动词（核心辨析） 动词 to do 结构（未做/另做） doing 结构（已做/正在做） stop stop to do 停下来（手头的事）去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 remember remember to do 记得要去做（事还没做） remember doing 记得做过（事已做） forget forget to do 忘记要去做（没做） forget doing 忘记做过（做过却忘了） try try to do 尽力、设法去做 try doing 试着做做看（换方法尝试） go on go on to do（做完一事）接着做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事 mean mean to do 打算、想要做 mean doing 意味着做某事 1. stop to do / stop doing He stopped to read the newspaper. 他停下（手中的事）去看报纸。 Stop talking! Listen to me, please. 别说话了！请听我讲。 2. remember to do / remember doing Please remember to send your photos. 请记得把你的照片发来。（还没发，提醒去做） I remember cleaning the room. 我记得打扫过房间了。（已经打扫，有印象） 3. forget to do / forget doing Don't forget to do your homework. 别忘了做作业。（作业还没做） He forgot meeting such a man before. 他忘了以前见过这样一个人。（见过却忘了） 4. try to do / try doing Try to improve your English. 尽力提高你的英语水平。 Try being kind to him. 试着对他友好一点看看。 【易错警示】辨义关键看「动作做没做」：to do 多指向「尚未发生、要去做」的动作；doing 多指向「已经发生或正在进行」的动作。remember/forget 尤其如此——to do 是「事后提醒/遗忘」，doing 是「回忆/淡忘做过的事」。 四、接 to do 与 doing 意义基本相同的动词 begin、start（开始），like、love、hate（喜恶），continue（继续）等动词后接 to do 或 doing 意义差别不大，一般可互换；但表示习惯性、一般性的动作用 doing 多些，表示某次具体动作用 to do 多些。 It began to rain. = It began raining. 天开始下雨了。 五、典型例题精讲 【例1】My brother plans ______ an English movie tonight. A. watch B. watching C. to watch D. watches 【答案】C 【解析】plan 只接动词不定式作宾语，plan to do sth 计划做某事，故选 C。 【例2】We must finish ______ these books before Sunday. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 【答案】C 【解析】finish 只接动名词作宾语，finish doing sth 完成做某事，故选 C。 【例3】Please remember ______ the door when you leave the classroom. A. lock B. locking C. to lock D. locked 【答案】C 【解析】「离开时记得锁门」，锁门是尚未发生、要去做的动作，用 remember to do，故选 C。 【例4】He was tired, so he stopped ______ a rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 【答案】C 【解析】累了所以停下（手头的事）去休息，是「停下来去做另一件事」，用 stop to do，故选 C。 【例5】I can't decide ______ for the school-leavers' party. A. what to wear B. to wear what C. what wear D. wearing what 【答案】A 【解析】「疑问词 + to do」作 decide 的宾语，语序为 what to wear，故选 A。 第二讲 综合演练 题型一 单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） 1. My brother plans ______ an English movie tonight. A. watch B. watching C. to watch D. watches 2. Some people enjoy ______ on the beach in summer. A. lie B. lying C. to lie D. lay 3. We must finish ______ these books before Sunday. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads 4. Please remember ______ the door when you leave. A. lock B. locking C. to lock D. locks 5. I remember ______ the room this morning, but it looks dirty now. A. clean B. cleaning C. to clean D. cleaned 6. He stopped ______ to me because he wanted to ask the way. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. talked 7. Stop ______! The teacher is coming. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. talked 8. Don't forget ______ your homework before watching TV. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did 9. I'll never forget ______ you for the first time. A. meet B. meeting C. to meet D. met 10. You should try ______ your spoken English every morning. A. practise B. to practise C. practising D. practised 11. This problem is too hard. Try ______ it in another way. A. work out B. to work out C. working out D. worked out 12. I can't decide ______ for the coming party. A. what to wear B. to wear what C. what wear D. wearing what 13. Would you mind ______ the window? It's a little hot here. A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened 14. They decided ______ a bridge over the small river. A. build B. to build C. building D. built 15. He is looking forward to ______ his old friends soon. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. sees 题型二 用括号内动词的适当形式（to do / doing）填空（每小题1分，共14分） 1. My sister wants ______ (be) a doctor when she grows up. 2. We all expect ______ (go) camping this weekend. 3. He promised ______ (not tell) anyone the secret. 4. You should avoid ______ (make) the same mistake again. 5. Keep ______ (try), and you will make progress. 6. I don't know how ______ (get) to the railway station. 7. She often practises ______ (speak) English in the morning. 8. Please remember ______ (turn) off the lights before you leave. 9. I remember ______ (lock) the door, but I'm not quite sure. 10. He was tired and stopped ______ (have) a rest. 11. Stop ______ (make) so much noise. The baby is sleeping. 12. Don't forget ______ (bring) your umbrella here tomorrow. 13. I'll never forget ______ (visit) the Great Wall for the first time. 14. The children had great fun ______ (play) in the water. 题型三 完成句子 / 句型转换（每小题2分，共10题） A. 根据汉语意思完成句子（1—5题，每空一词） 1. 我哥哥计划今晚看一部英文电影。 My brother plans ______ ______ an English movie tonight. 2. 一些人喜欢躺在沙滩上。 Some people enjoy ______ ______ the beach. 3. 我们必须知道下一步做什么。 We must know ______ ______ ______ next. 4. 离开时请记得锁门。 Please remember ______ ______ the door when you leave. 5. 他停下手中的活去看报纸。 He stopped ______ ______ the newspaper. B. 句型转换（6—10题，每空一词） 6. I can't decide what I should wear.（改为简单句） I can't decide ______ ______ ______. 7. He decided that he would build a bridge over the river.（改为简单句） He decided ______ ______ a bridge over the river. 8. The teacher said to us, "Don't talk in class."（改为简单句） The teacher told us ______ ______ ______ in class. 9. They had fun playing in the park.（改为同义句，用 enjoy） They ______ ______ in the park. 10. Could you tell me how I can get to the hospital?（改为简单句） Could you tell me how ______ ______ to the hospital? 答案与解析 题型一 单项选择 1. 【答案】C 【解析】plan 只接 to do，plan to watch 2. 【答案】B 【解析】enjoy 只接 doing，lie 的动名词 lying 3. 【答案】C 【解析】finish 只接 doing，finish reading 4. 【答案】C 【解析】锁门还没做、要去做，remember to do 5. 【答案】B 【解析】记得早上打扫过（已做），remember doing 6. 【答案】C 【解析】停下来去问路（另一件事），stop to do 7. 【答案】B 【解析】停止正在说的话，stop doing 8. 【答案】C 【解析】作业还没做、别忘记去做，forget to do 9. 【答案】B 【解析】永远不会忘记见过你（已发生），forget doing 10. 【答案】B 【解析】尽力去练习，try to do 11. 【答案】C 【解析】换个方法试着解，try doing 12. 【答案】A 【解析】疑问词 + to do，what to wear 13. 【答案】C 【解析】mind 只接 doing，mind opening 14. 【答案】B 【解析】decide 只接 to do，decide to build 15. 【答案】B 【解析】look forward to 中 to 为介词，后接 seeing 题型二 to do / doing 适当形式填空 1. 【答案】to be 【解析】want 只接 to do 2. 【答案】to go 【解析】expect 只接 to do 3. 【答案】not to tell 【解析】promise to do，否定 not to do 4. 【答案】making 【解析】avoid 只接 doing 5. 【答案】trying 【解析】keep doing 一直做 6. 【答案】to get 【解析】疑问词 how + to do 7. 【答案】speaking 【解析】practise 只接 doing 8. 【答案】to turn 【解析】关灯还没做、要去做，remember to do 9. 【答案】locking 【解析】记得锁过（已做），remember doing 10. 【答案】to have 【解析】停下来去休息（另一件事），stop to do 11. 【答案】making 【解析】停止正在制造的噪音，stop doing 12. 【答案】to bring 【解析】明天别忘了带（未做），forget to do 13. 【答案】visiting 【解析】不会忘记游览过（已发生），forget doing 14. 【答案】playing 【解析】have fun doing 做某事很开心 题型三 完成句子 / 句型转换 1. 【答案】to watch 【解析】plan to do，to + 动词原形 2. 【答案】lying on 【解析】enjoy doing，lie 的动名词 lying；on the beach 3. 【答案】what to do 【解析】疑问词 what + to do 作宾语 4. 【答案】to lock 【解析】未做、要去锁，remember to lock 5. 【答案】to read 【解析】停下来去看报（另一件事），stop to read 6. 【答案】what to wear 【解析】宾语从句简化为疑问词 + to do 7. 【答案】to build 【解析】decide 后 that 从句简化为 decide to do 8. 【答案】not to talk 【解析】tell sb not to do sth，否定不定式 not to talk 9. 【答案】enjoyed playing 【解析】have fun doing = enjoy doing，过去时 enjoyed playing 10. 【答案】to get 【解析】宾语从句简化为 how to get 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $