Unit 4 Hands-on fun（词汇运用）（热点题型专练）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自我—劳动实践”话题，构建“基础巩固-综合应用”词汇训练体系，通过分层题型提升语言运用能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|20+20+10题|含单词拼写（汉译英/首字母）、词性转换、选词填空，聚焦工具/实践类核心词汇|从孤立词汇记忆到语境中词性辨析，夯实语言能力基础| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|3篇短文填空+2篇语法填空|结合DIY文化情境，考查词汇在语篇中的灵活运用，融入跨文化对比|从单句应用到语篇综合，培养逻辑思维与文化意识，提升学习策略|

Unit 4 Hands-on fun 词汇运用专练 话题：人与自我—劳动实践：积极的学习体验，勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 01 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词 1.We need some__________________(工具)while making the machine. 【答案】tools 【解析】句意：我们在制作这台机器的时候需要一些工具。中文提示为 “工具”。tool 是可数名词，some 后接可数名词复数形式，故填 tools。 2.—Mum's birthday is coming.Let's buy some flowers for her. —OK.I know she likes_______________(玫瑰)best. 【答案】roses 【解析】句意：—— 妈妈的生日快到了，我们给她买些花吧。—— 好的。我知道她最喜欢玫瑰。中文提示为 “玫瑰”。rose 为可数名词，此处表示一类事物，使用复数形式 roses，故填 roses。 3.The sheep farmers use_______________(剪刀)to cut the wool off the sheep. 【答案】scissors 【解析】句意：牧羊人们用剪刀剪下绵羊身上的羊毛。中文提示为 “剪刀”。scissors 本身只用复数形式，故填 scissors。 4.Be careful!A car____________hit you just now.(几乎) 【答案】almost 【解析】句意：小心！刚才一辆车差点撞到你。中文提示为 “几乎”。此处需要副词修饰动词 hit；almost 意为 “几乎，差不多”，故填 almost。 5.We Chinese people often admire the moon and eat m_______________on Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】mooncakes 【解析】句意：我们中国人经常在中秋节赏月、吃月饼。根据中秋节习俗以及首字母 m 提示，mooncake 是可数名词，此处用复数 mooncakes 表示一类食物，故填 mooncakes。 6.Tom was taking a______________(课程)in DIY in order to learn more about it. 【答案】course 【解析】句意：汤姆正在上一门 DIY 课程，以此学习更多相关知识。中文提示为 “课程”。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词单数，take a course 表示上课，故填 course。 7.My watch is broken and I can______________(修理)it by myself. 【答案】repair /fix 【解析】句意：我的手表坏了，我可以自己修理它。中文提示为 “修理”。情态动词 can 后面接动词原形，repair 或者 fix 都可以表示修理，故填 repair /fix。 8.Before the invention of the bulb,people had to use oil_____________________(灯). 【答案】lamps 【解析】句意：在灯泡发明之前，人们不得不使用油灯。中文提示为 “灯”。lamp 为可数名词，此处用复数 lamps 表示一类物品，故填 lamps。 9.It is a direct____________(结果)of your carelessness.You should be careful next time. 【答案】result 【解析】句意：这是你粗心大意造成的直接结果，下次你要细心一点。中文提示为 “结果”。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词单数 result，故填 result。 10.We shouldn't kill wild animals for food or__________________(衣服). 【答案】clothes /clothing 【解析】句意：我们不应该为了食物或者衣服猎杀野生动物。中文提示为 “衣服”。clothes 表示具体衣物；clothing 是服装的统称，二者都符合语境，故填 clothes /clothing。 11.Mr Green was in great pain because a snake bit his_________________(手指)just now. 【答案】finger (s) 【解析】句意：格林先生疼得厉害，因为刚才一条蛇咬了他的手指。中文提示为 “手指”。可以用单数 finger 表示被咬的一根手指，也可以用复数 fingers，故填 finger (s)。 12.Ordering food according to your need helps avoid food_____________.(浪费) 【答案】waste 【解析】句意：按需点餐有助于避免食物浪费。中文提示为 “浪费”。food waste 表示食物浪费，waste 此处作不可数名词，故填 waste。 13.After studying several_____________for bullying,teachers think more care should be given to teenagers.(原因) 【答案】reasons 【解析】句意：在研究了校园欺凌的几个原因之后，老师们认为应该给予青少年更多关怀。中文提示为 “原因”。several 后接可数名词复数，reason 的复数形式是 reasons，故填 reasons。 14.China is good at making high-technology__________that people can buy everywhere.(产品) 【答案】products 【解析】句意：中国擅长制造人们随处都可以买到的高科技产品。中文提示为 “产品”。product 是可数名词，此处表泛指，使用复数 products，故填 products。 15.Giving up smoking can__________the risk of heart disease.(减少) 【答案】reduce 【解析】句意：戒烟可以降低患心脏病的风险。中文提示为 “减少”。情态动词 can 后面接动词原形 reduce，故填 reduce。 16.My fingers go dead and I can't__________the knot.Please help me.(解开) 【答案】untie 【解析】句意：我的手指麻木了，解不开这个结，请帮帮我。中文提示为 “解开”。情态动词 can 后接动词原形 untie，untie the knot 表示解开绳结，故填 untie。 17.If this______________works for you,you'll make even greater progress.(方法) 【答案】method /way 【解析】句意：如果这个方法对你有效，你将会取得更大的进步。中文提示为 “方法”。不定冠词 this 后接可数名词单数 method 或者 way，故填 method /way。 18.Her three children brought her_____________.(快乐) 【答案】pleasure /happiness/joy 【解析】句意：她的三个孩子带给她快乐。中文提示为 “快乐”。动词 brought 后接名词作宾语，pleasure、happiness、joy 均为不可数名词，表示快乐，故填 pleasure /happiness/joy。 19.I really don't see any______________for changing it.(理由) 【答案】reason 【解析】句意：我实在看不出有什么理由要改变它。中文提示为 “理由”。any 后接名词，reason 表示理由，符合句意，故填 reason。 20.He is going to____________the bottle with water.(装满) 【答案】fill 【解析】句意：他打算把瓶子装满水。中文提示为 “装满”。固定搭配 be going to 后接动词原形；fill…with… 表示 “用…… 装满……”，故填 fill。 二、请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The old man is in his eighties.Please help him_____________the buttons.(tie) 【答案】untie 【解析】句意：这位老人八十多岁了，请帮他解开纽扣。固定搭配 help sb.(to) do sth. 表示帮助某人做某事；结合语境此处表达 “解开”，tie 的反义词 untie 意为解开，因此填 untie。 2.I'm sorry to say that your answer is_________________.(correct) 【答案】incorrect 【解析】句意：很遗憾地说你的答案是错误的。be 动词后接形容词作表语；根据语境需要表达 “不正确的”，correct 的否定形式 incorrect，因此填 incorrect。 3.________________all your notes ready,and then make a plan.(get) 【答案】Get 【解析】句意：准备好你所有的笔记，然后制定一个计划。本句是祈使句，以动词原形开头，句首单词首字母大写，因此填 Get。 4.____________________the earth greener,people should plant more trees.(make) 【答案】To make 【解析】句意：为了让地球变得更绿，人们应该种植更多的树。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示 “为了……”，放在句首首字母大写，因此填 To make。 5.Students are having a good time_________________photos for each other during the school trip.(take) 【答案】taking 【解析】句意：学生们在校游期间开心地互相拍照。固定搭配 have a good time doing sth. 表示做某事很愉快，take 的动名词形式为 taking，因此填 taking。 6.The little girl spent so much time____________________out a picture of colourful balloons.(cut) 【答案】cutting 【解析】句意：这个小女孩花了很长时间剪出一幅彩色气球的图案。固定结构 spend time doing sth. 表示花费时间做某事，cut 的动名词是 cutting，因此填 cutting。 7.It's time for bed.You'd better ____________________computer games anymore.(not play) 【答案】not play 【解析】句意：该睡觉了，你最好不要再玩电脑游戏了。固定搭配 had better not do sth. 表示最好不要做某事，后面使用动词原形，因此填 not play。 8.It's too far away.It is__________for him to get there in half an hour.(possible) 【答案】impossible 【解析】句意：距离太远了，他不可能在半小时之内赶到那里。be 动词后接形容词作表语；根据前文 too far away 可知这件事不可能完成，possible 的反义词 impossible 意为不可能的，因此填 impossible。 9.This pair of shoes was so small that I felt_________________.(comfortable) 【答案】uncomfortable 【解析】句意：这双鞋子太小了，我感觉不舒服。feel 为系动词，后面接形容词；鞋子太小会让人不舒服，comfortable 的否定形式 uncomfortable，因此填 uncomfortable。 10.The scissors hurt one of his fingers.How________________he is!(luck) 【答案】unlucky 【解析】句意：剪刀弄伤了他的一根手指，他真倒霉！how 引导感叹句，后面使用形容词；手指受伤是不幸的事，luck 对应的否定形容词 unlucky，因此填 unlucky。 11.To my_______________,he was not_______________at all when hearing the_______________news.My eyes opened wide in________________.(surprise) 【答案】 surprise；surprised；surprising；surprise 【解析】句意：令我惊讶的是，听到这条令人吃惊的消息，他一点也不惊讶。我惊讶地睁大了双眼。 to one's surprise为固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”,符合语境，故第一空填surprise；根据he was not可知，第二空填形容词，修饰人，故第二空填surprised，意为“惊讶的”；根据news可知，第三空应填形容词作定语，修饰物，故第三空填surprising，意为“令人惊讶的”； in surprise为固定搭配，意为“惊讶地”，符合语境，故第四空填surprise。 12.It was_______________(possible)for anyone to get in because no one knew the password. 【答案】impossible 【解析】句意：任何人都不可能进去，因为没有人知道密码。根据It was可知此处填形容词，由because no one knew the password可知，此处表示“任何人都不可能进入”，possible的反义词impossible意为“不可能的”，符合语境。故填impossible。 13.It's difficult for me________________(finish)the work in an hour. 【答案】to finish 【解析】句意为：对我来说在一个小时内完成这项工作是困难的。此处为固定搭配“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，符合语境。故填to finish。 14.My mother is ill,so I have to stay at home instead of________________________(go)shopping. 【答案】going 【解析】句意为：我妈妈病了，所以我不得不待在家里而不是去购物。固定搭配instead of doing sth. 意为“而不是去做某事”，故填 going。 15.It's hot today.You'd better___________________(take)more water than usual when you go hiking. 【答案】take 【解析】句意：今天很热，你徒步旅行时最好带上比平时更多的水。had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”,是固定搭配。故填take。 16.Grandma carefully placed her old books and magazines on some wooden____________(shelf). 【答案】shelves 【解析】句意：奶奶小心翼翼地把她旧书和杂志放到几个木架子上。shelf意为“架子”,为可数名词，some后接可数名词复数。故填shelves。 17.We are enjoying our_______________(paint)and talking about them. 【答案】paintings 【解析】句意：我们欣赏着我们的画作并且讨论它们。形容词性物主代词our修饰名词，故应用painting，意为“绘画作品”，由them可知，此处填painting的复数形式。故填paintings。 18.Which do you enjoy____________(spend)your free time,chatting on the Internet or shopping? 【答案】spending 【解析】句意：你更喜欢用哪一种方式度过空闲时间，网上聊天还是购物？enjoy doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”,为固定搭配，符合语境。故填spending。 19.After getting up this morning,the girl_________________(fold)her quilt quickly. 【答案】folded 【解析】句意：今天早上起床之后，女孩很快叠好了被子。根据 After getting up this morning 可知，此处为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填folded。 20.Daniel often uses_______________(tape)to stick the pictures on the wall. 【答案】tape 【解析】句意：丹尼尔经常用胶带把图片粘在墙上。tape意为“胶带”时，是不可数名词。故填tape。 三、选词填空。 A.根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词或短语填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。 mistakes ，complete ，courses， glue ，reason， in a mess 1.Pass me some__________________please.I'd like to put up a picture here. 2.The movie is popular with students.Do you know the_________________? 3.The teacher found five_________________in my English composition. 4.If your work is_________________,you may go to take part in the outdoor activity. 5.After class,she plans to have some piano___________________. 【答案】1.glue 2.reason 3.mistakes 4.complete 5.courses 【语篇解析】 1. 句意：请递给我一些胶水。我想在这里贴一张画。some 后可接不可数名词；glue 意为胶水，用来粘贴图画，符合贴图片的语境，故填 glue。 2. 句意：这部电影很受学生欢迎。你知道原因吗？定冠词 the 后面接名词；reason 表示原因，用来询问电影受欢迎的缘由，故填 reason。 3. 句意：老师在我的英语作文里找出了五处错误。数词 five 后接可数名词复数；mistakes 意为错误，符合作文改错的场景，故填 mistakes。 4. 句意：如果你的作业完成了，你就可以去参加户外活动。本句为主系表结构，be 动词后用形容词 complete，意为完成的，描述作业的状态，故填 complete。 5. 句意：课后，她计划上一些钢琴课程。some 后面接可数名词复数；courses 表示课程，piano courses 意为钢琴课，故填 courses。 B.请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺(每个单词限用一次) glue， aloud ，reason ，mess， course， is crazy about 6.The police are checking the scene to find out the ____________________for his death. 7.My dad advised me to take a__________________on science next week. 8.My brother is a football fan and he__________________football. 9.Culture is like a kind of_______________________that holds the society together. 10.—What does your teacher tell you about how to learn English well? —Speaking____________________as often as we can is helpful. 【答案】6.reason 7.course 8.is crazy about 9.glue 10.aloud 【语篇解析】 6. 句意：警方正在勘察现场，查明他的死因。the reason for… 是固定搭配，表示 “…… 的原因”，the 后接名词 reason，故填 reason。 7. 句意：爸爸建议我下周上一门科学课程。不定冠词 a 后面接可数名词单数；take a course 意为上课，故填 course。 8. 句意：我的弟弟是一名足球迷，他痴迷于足球。主语 he 是第三人称单数；固定短语 be crazy about 表示热衷于，be 动词选用 is，故填 is crazy about。 9. 句意：文化就像是一种凝聚整个社会的胶水。a kind of 后接不可数名词 glue，意为胶水，使用比喻的修辞，故填 glue。 10. 句意：—— 关于如何学好英语，老师告诉了你什么？—— 尽可能经常大声朗读是有帮助的。修饰动词 speak 要用副词；aloud 意为大声地，speak aloud 表示朗读，故填 aloud。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 01 一、请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺（每个单词或短语限用一次） stick ，not rain， shine， keep， know The sun 1.____________brightly outside at the moment.Mike and his cousin are sitting under the tree.He is showing a special present that he made for his mum.It's really a wonderful DIY job!Mike cut out a picture of a lovely rabbit and 2.____________it on the cover the other day.He prepared it to celebrate his mum's birthday the day after tomorrow.In fact,his cousin 3.__________it a few days ago.He hopes that his cousin will 4.__________the secret for him.And he will have a picnic with his stick not rain shine keep know mum if it 5.________on that day. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 【答案】1.is shining 2.stuck 3.knew 4.keep 5.doesn't rain 【语篇解析】本文主要围绕迈克为妈妈准备的生日礼物展开描述。 1.is shining 句意：此刻外面阳光明媚。根据“The sun...brightly outside”可知，此处指“阳光照耀”，应选shine；由at the moment可知，此处时态是现在进行时，主语是The sun，be动词用is。故填is shining。 2.stuck 句意：前几天迈克剪出一张可爱兔子的图片，把它贴在封面上。根据“ Mike cutout a picture... it on the cover”及备选词可知，此处指将图片粘在封面上， stick意为“粘；贴”，符合语境；根据the other day可知，此处时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填stuck。 3.knew 句意：事实上，他的表弟几天前就知道这件事了。根据“He hope that his cousin...the secret for him.”及备选词可知，此处表示他的堂弟几天前就知道了，应选know； a few days ago 为过去时间，此处时态是一般过去时，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填knew。 4.keep 句意为：他希望他的堂弟能为他保守秘密。根据the secret for him及备选词可知，此处表示保守秘密，应用keep the secret；will后接动词原形，故填keep。 5.doesn't rain 句意：如果那天不下雨，他将会和妈妈一起野餐。本句是含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句，其在时态上遵循“主将从现”原则，此处表示“不下雨”，应选not rain，主语是it，故填doesn't rain。 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 When Americans are at home,they usually enjoy spending their free time _____1____ all kinds of DIY projects.Maybe this is a little ____2____(difference)from our Chinese people.When we ____3____(China) are at home,we would like to enjoy ourselves by ______4_____(watch)TV or meeting our friends.But American people like spending their time in doing some kinds of work on____5____(they)own.They believe it is ___6___ (help)and interesting.In their eyes,DIY will not only help them to develop their brains but also save them much time.For ______7_____very little job,they will need to think twice before carrying it out well.This _____8______ (do)much good to their brains and make them brighter and brighter.Some Americans live far away from the service centre.When something ______9_____ (go)wrong,they will have to wait for a long time before finding the right service.In these cases,they would also love to manage by themselves. ____10____ in America,DIY is very popular. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 【答案】1.on 2.different 3.Chinese 4.watching 5.their 6.helpful 7.a 8.will do  9.goes 10.So 【语篇解析】本文对比中美两国人们的居家休闲方式，介绍 DIY 在美国十分流行的几点原因。 1. 句意：美国人在家的时候，通常喜欢花空闲时间做各种各样的 DIY 项目。固定搭配 spend time on sth. 表示 “在某事上花费时间”，因此填介词 on。 2. 句意：也许这一点和我们中国人有点不一样。a little 后接形容词；difference 的形容词形式 different，be different from 意为 “与…… 不同”，故填 different。 3. 句意：当我们中国人在家时，我们喜欢通过看电视或者和朋友相聚来放松自己。we Chinese，Chinese 在这里作同位语，表示 “中国人”，故填 Chinese。 4. 句意：当我们中国人在家时，我们喜欢通过看电视或者和朋友相聚来放松自己。介词 by 后面接动名词形式；watch 的动名词是 watching，故填 watching。 5. 句意：但是美国人喜欢花时间独立完成一些活儿。固定短语 on one’s own 意为 “独自”，they 对应的形容词性物主代词是 their，故填 their。 6. 句意：他们相信这既有帮助又很有趣。be 动词后用形容词作表语；help 的形容词形式 helpful，表示 “有益的，有帮助的”，故填 helpful。 7. 句意：即使是一件很小的事，在做好之前他们也会反复思考。job 是可数名词单数，very 以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a，故填 a。 8. 句意：这将对他们的大脑大有裨益，让他们变得越来越聪明。主语 This 是单数，时态为一般将来时，谓语动词will do 形式；do good to 表示 “对…… 有益”，故填 will do。 9. 句意：一旦东西出故障，他们要等很久才能找到合适的维修服务。不定代词 something 作主语视为单数，一般现在时动词使用三单形式 goes；go wrong 意为 “出故障”，故填 goes。 10. 句意：所以在美国，DIY 非常流行。前文列举原因，本句引出结果，so 表示 “所以”，放在句首首字母大写，故填 So。 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文完整、正确。（提示：每空一词） DIY is quite popular in the UK.Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things.If people need to decorate or 1.f__________something in their homes,such as 2.p__________the walls or putting up a new shelf,they will do the jobs 3.t___________.They share DIY stories with their friends.More and more people find the 4.j_____________of DIY.So they invite their friends to join them. Nowadays, many people don't have 5.e____________money to buy a big house.They are considering what they can do to make their house better 6.w____________spending a lot of money.It is not 7.s__________that DIY is so popular. However,DIY can be very dangerous if you are 8.c__________.It's reported that many people were hurt when doing DIY in the UK.DIY can bring us lots of fun,but it is not always 9.a_________easy as it is thought to be if we do something difficult.Maybe factories should make easier and 10.s____________things for us to DIY. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 【答案】1.fix 2.painting 3.themselves 4.joy(s) 5.enough 6.without 7.surprising 8.careless 9.as 10.safer 【语篇解析】本文主要介绍了DIY在英国非常受欢迎的现象及原因，以及做DIY时可能发生的危险。 1.fix 句意：如果人们需要装修或者修理家里的东西，比如粉刷墙壁或者安装新架子，他们会自己完成这些工作。根据If people need to decorate or及putting up a new shelf可知，此处指在家里安装某物，fix意为“安装”,符合语境；need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”,为固定短语。故填fix。 2.painting 句意：比如粉刷墙壁或者安装新架子。根据the walls or putting up a new shelf及首字母提示可知，此处指粉刷墙壁，此处与putting up a new shelf并列，such as 后接动名词，应用paint的-ing形式。故填painting。 3.themselves 句意为：……他们会自己完成这些工作。根据文章第一句及“They share DIY stories with their friends.”及首字母提示可知，此处用反身代词themselves表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。 4.joy(s) 句意为：越来越多的人发现了DIY的乐趣。根据“So they invite their friends to join them.”及首字母提示可知，此处指发现了DIY的乐趣，joy意为“乐趣”时，为可数名词，此处用其单复数形式均可。故填joy(s)。 5.enough 句意为：如今，许多人没有足够的钱买一个大房子。根据“don't have ...money”及首字母提示可知，此处指没有足够的钱，enough意为“足够的”,符合语境。故填enough。 6.without 句意：他们思考怎样不花很多钱就能把房子改造得更好。根据上文可知，他们没有足够的钱，所以此处表示“不花费大量金钱”,根据首字母提示及spending a lot of money可知，此处填without,表示“不(做某事)”。故填without。 7.surprising 句意为：DIY如此流行并不令人惊讶。空处应用形容词作表语；上文介绍了DIY的好处，所以它如此流行并不令人惊讶，结合首字母提示可知，此处应用surprising表示“令人惊讶的”，形容DIY is so popular这件事。故填surprising。 8.careless 句意为：然而，如果你粗心大意，DIY可能会很危险。根据DIY can be very dangerous if you are及首字母提示可知，此处指“粗心大意的”，应用形容词careless，在句中作表语。故填careless。 9.as 句意：DIY 可以带给我们很多乐趣，但是如果我们做一些高难度的手工，它并不总是像想象中那么简单。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此处为固定搭配“as...as...”，意为“和……一样……”。故填as。 10.safer 句意：或许工厂应该制作更简易、更安全的 DIY 用品供我们使用。根据前文提到的DIY can be very dangerous及首字母提示可知，此处指“工厂也许应该制造更简单、安全的东西”；根据easier可知，此处用形容词比较级safer，表示“更安全的”。故填safer。 02 一、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 one，mix，they，potato，cut up Are you looking for a quick,simple and delicious dinner?Spaghetti and rice are always the most popular,and many people like to eat them.Now let's learn how to make 1___________ . How to make spaghetti? 2___________,cook the spaghetti in hot water for 20 minutes.After that,you can start to make the sauce.3 ___________an onion.Pour a little oil into the pan(平底锅),then add pepper,beef and other things.Second,add gravy and some 4___________,cook them for a few minutes and put the spaghetti on a plate.Finally,pour the sauce over the top and 5___________ them together. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 【答案】1.them 2.First 3.Cut up 4.potatoes 5.mix 【语篇解析】 本文介绍了制作意大利面的简易步骤。 1.them 句意：现在我们来学习如何制作它们。根据所给词汇和上文“Spaghetti and rice are always the most popular,and many people like to eat them."可知，空处应填they的宾格形式them作宾语，用于指代上文的“Spaghetti and rice"。故填them。 2.First 句意：首先，把意大利面放进热水里煮 20 分钟。根据“cook the spaghetti in hot water for 20minutes”可知，这是做意大利面的第一步，所以空处应填one的序数词first“第一，首先”,句首单词首字母大写。故填First。 3.Cut up 句意：切碎一个洋葱。根据所给词汇和“an onion”可知，此处指“切碎一个洋葱”，动词短语cut up“切碎”符合语境，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，所以动词cut保持原形，句首单词首字母大写。故填Cut up。 4.potatoes 句意：接着加入肉汁和一些土豆，煮几分钟，再把意大利面盛到盘子里。some后接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，结合所给词汇可知，空处应填名词potato“土豆”的复数形式potatoes。故填potatoes。 5.mix 句意：最后把酱汁浇在顶部，把所有食材混合在一起。根据“pour the sauce over the top and...them together”可知，此处指“把酱汁和意大利面混合在一起”。动词mix“混合”符合语境，此处是祈使句的肯定形式，所以动词mix保持原形。故填mix。 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。 Sometimes DIY can put you in danger.So before you start to do any DIY job,it's important 1 (read) the instructions.Here are some useful tips to keep you safe 2 you are doing DIY. When you work with electricity(电),make sure you wear the correct shoes.Usually you need a pair 3 rubber shoes during that time.If you're 4 (repair)or checking something electrical,remember to turn it off.It's dangerous to repair a thing 5 power on. When you need to use 6 ladder to climb,make sure that it is strong enough.It's a good idea to ask someone else 7 (hold)it for you when you are on it. When you are painting your house at home,you should always keep at 8 (little)a window or door open so that the room will be full of fresh air. You should also plan enough time for completing a DIY job. 9 (not hurry)to do it.If you get tired,just leave it for the next time.You may hurt 10 (you)if you rush to finish it. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 【答案】1.to read 2.while 3.of 4.repairing 5.with 6.a 7.to hold 8.least 9.Don’t hurry 10.yourself 【语篇解析】本篇短文介绍进行 DIY 手工操作时保障安全的几条实用小贴士。 1. 句意：因此在开始任何 DIY 工作前，阅读说明书是很重要的。固定句型 it is +adj.+to do sth.，it 作形式主语，真正主语为后面的动词不定式，因此填 to read。 2. 句意：这里有几条实用建议，可以在你做 DIY 的时候保护你的安全。连词 while 引导时间状语从句，表示 “当…… 的时候”，故填 while。 3. 句意：这时你通常需要一双橡胶鞋。固定搭配 a pair of 表示 “一双，一对”，后面接名词，故填介词 of。 4. 句意：如果你正在修理或者检查电器，请记得关掉电源。本句为现在进行时，be 动词 are 后接动词‑ing 形式；repair 的动名词为 repairing，故填 repairing。 5. 句意：带电维修物品是很危险的。此处为 with 的复合结构 with power on，表示 “电源开启”，作伴随状语，因此填介词 with。 6. 句意：如果你需要使用梯子攀爬，确保它足够牢固。ladder 是辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，使用不定冠词 a，故填 a。 7. 句意：当你站在梯子上时，找人帮你扶住梯子是个好主意。固定搭配 ask sb. to do sth. 意为 “请求某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填 to hold。 8. 句意：你至少要保持一扇窗户或者房门打开，让房间充满新鲜空气。固定短语 at least 意为 “至少”，little 的最高级为 least，故填 least。 9. 句意：不要匆忙完成它。本句为否定祈使句，结构为 Don’t + 动词原形，放在句首首字母大写，因此填 Don’t hurry。 10. 句意：如果你仓促完工，你可能会伤到你自己。hurt oneself 意为 “伤到自己”，you 对应的反身代词是 yourself，故填 yourself。 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文意思完整。（提示：每空一词） In the 1980s,women in the Jiangnan countryside wore special clothes.They wore headscarves(头巾)and blue calico(印花布)clothes.These soft clothes were c 1 to wear when working in rice fields.Students in school got the chance to see and learn about these cool traditional c 2 these days. The“exploration of old Chinese clothes”class on Nov 8 at Nanjing Foreign Language School tried to learn more about blue calico.The students took on the challenge(挑战)of making their o 3 bags through tie-dyeing (扎染).It is a dyeing skill used to make blue calico. “First,fold the cloth bag the w 4 you like,"said He Xinyue,a grade 8 student.“Then use rubber bands(橡皮筋)to hold it.Next,a 5 colorful dye.Push it down well so the colors go through.W 6 it a few times to get rid of extra dye(去掉多余的染料).” "Tie-dyeing is a magical(有魔力的)art.Everyone does it a little differently,and you never know exactly w 7 it will look like in the end when it is finished.Tie-dyeing m 8 the style of traditional ink-wash paintings(水墨画)with the excitement of impressionist(印象派的)of oil paintings,”said Ma Qianyu,a grade 8 student,happy with her work.“The dye and cotton material used to make blue calico all c 9 from nature.It is a symbol of folk people and their labor(劳动),”she said. “Clothing is a part of traditional culture.It is also a part of art and 1 10 ,”said Chen Xi,the teacher of the class.“Our students will later go to Nanjing Museum to get more knowledge about life in Jiangsu and the folk customs(民俗)there." 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 【答案】1.comfortable 2.clothes 3.own 4.way 5.add 6.Wash 7.what 8.mixes 9.come 10.life 【语篇解析】短文讲述南京外国语学校开设扎染课程，学生亲手制作蓝印花布包包，感受中国传统服饰文化与民间艺术之美。 [语篇解读]本文主要介绍了扎染的相关信息，如历史，制作过程等。 1.comfortable 句意：在稻田劳作时，这些柔软的衣服穿起来很舒适。根据“These soft clothes”及首字母可知，这些柔软的衣服穿起来舒服，空处用形容词comfortable“舒服的”，作表语。故填comfortable。 2.clothes 句意：如今在校学生有机会观赏并且了解这些很酷的传统服饰。根据“In the 1980s,women in the Jiangnan countryside wore special clothes.”可知，此处是介绍学生们有机会去看到并了解这些传统服装，空处用名词复数clothes“衣服”。故填clothes。 3.own 句意：学生们接受挑战，通过扎染制作属于他们自己的包包。根据“making their...bags”可知，是指制作自己的包，own“自己的”，作定语。故填own。 4.way 句意：首先，按照你喜欢的方式折叠布袋。根据“fold the cloth bag the...you like”可知，是指按你喜欢的方式，way“方式”，作宾语。故填way。 5.add 句意：接着加入多彩的染料。根据“colorful dye”及首字母可知，是指添加染料，add“添加”，句子是祈使句，动词用原形。故填add。 6.Wash 句意：反复冲洗几次，冲掉多余的染料。根据“to get rid of extra dye”可知，是指清洗几次以去掉多余的染料，wash“洗”，句子是祈使句，动词用原形。故填 wash。 7.what 句意：你永远无法确切知道成品最终会是什么样子。根据句意可知，是指不能确切地知道它最终是什么样子，what...look like是固定句型，意为“看起来是什么样子”。故填what。 8.mixes 句意：扎染融合了传统水墨画的风格与印象派油画的灵动美感。mix...with...意为“把……融为一体”,主语Tie‑dyeing 是第三人称单数，应该用mixes。故填mixes。 9.come 句意：制作蓝印花布所使用的染料与棉质布料全都取自大自然。come from“来自”，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填come。 10.life 句意：服饰是传统文化的一部分，它同样也是艺术与生活的一部分。根据“Our students will later go to Nanjing Museum to get more knowledge about life in Jiangsu and the folk customs there.”可知，服饰也是艺术和生活的一部分，life"生活"符合语境。故填life。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun 词汇运用专练 话题：人与自我—劳动实践：积极的学习体验，勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 01 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词 1.We need some__________________(工具)while making the machine. 2.—Mum's birthday is coming.Let's buy some flowers for her. —OK.I know she likes_______________(玫瑰)best. 3.The sheep farmers use_______________(剪刀)to cut the wool off the sheep. 4.Be careful!A car____________hit you just now.(几乎) 5.We Chinese people often admire the moon and eat m_______________on Mid-Autumn Festival. 6.Tom was taking a______________(课程)in DIY in order to learn more about it. 7.My watch is broken and I can______________(修理)it by myself. 8.Before the invention of the bulb,people had to use oil_____________________(灯). 9.It is a direct____________(结果)of your carelessness.You should be careful next time. 10.We shouldn't kill wild animals for food or__________________(衣服). 11.Mr Green was in great pain because a snake bit his_________________(手指)just now. 12.Ordering food according to your need helps avoid food_____________.(浪费) 13.After studying several_____________for bullying,teachers think more care should be given to teenagers.(原因) 14.China is good at making high-technology__________that people can buy everywhere.(产品) 15.Giving up smoking can__________the risk of heart disease.(减少) 16.My fingers go dead and I can't__________the knot.Please help me.(解开) 17.If this______________works for you,you'll make even greater progress.(方法) 18.Her three children brought her_____________.(快乐) 19.I really don't see any______________for changing it.(理由) 20.He is going to____________the bottle with water.(装满) 二、请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The old man is in his eighties.Please help him_____________the buttons.(tie) 2.I'm sorry to say that your answer is_________________.(correct) 3.________________all your notes ready,and then make a plan.(get) 4.____________________the earth greener,people should plant more trees.(make) 5.Students are having a good time_________________photos for each other during the school trip.(take) 6.The little girl spent so much time____________________out a picture of colourful balloons.(cut) 7.It's time for bed.You'd better ____________________computer games anymore.(not play) 8.It's too far away.It is__________for him to get there in half an hour.(possible) 9.This pair of shoes was so small that I felt_________________.(comfortable) 10.The scissors hurt one of his fingers.How________________he is!(luck) 11.To my_______________,he was not_______________at all when hearing the_______________news.My eyes opened wide in________________.(surprise) 12.It was_______________(possible)for anyone to get in because no one knew the password. 13.It's difficult for me________________(finish)the work in an hour. 14.My mother is ill,so I have to stay at home instead of________________________(go)shopping. 15.It's hot today.You'd better___________________(take)more water than usual when you go hiking. 16.Grandma carefully placed her old books and magazines on some wooden____________(shelf). 17.We are enjoying our_______________(paint)and talking about them. 18.Which do you enjoy____________(spend)your free time,chatting on the Internet or shopping? 19.After getting up this morning,the girl_________________(fold)her quilt quickly. 20.Daniel often uses_______________(tape)to stick the pictures on the wall. 三、选词填空。 A.根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词或短语填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。 mistakes ，complete ，courses， glue ，reason， in a mess 1.Pass me some__________________please.I'd like to put up a picture here. 2.The movie is popular with students.Do you know the_________________? 3.The teacher found five_________________in my English composition. 4.If your work is_________________,you may go to take part in the outdoor activity. 5.After class,she plans to have some piano___________________. B.请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺(每个单词限用一次) glue， aloud ，reason ，mess， course， is crazy about 6.The police are checking the scene to find out the ____________________for his death. 7.My dad advised me to take a__________________on science next week. 8.My brother is a football fan and he__________________football. 9.Culture is like a kind of_______________________that holds the society together. 10.—What does your teacher tell you about how to learn English well? —Speaking____________________as often as we can is helpful. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 01 一、请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺（每个单词或短语限用一次） stick ，not rain， shine， keep， know The sun 1.____________brightly outside at the moment.Mike and his cousin are sitting under the tree.He is showing a special present that he made for his mum.It's really a wonderful DIY job!Mike cut out a picture of a lovely rabbit and 2.____________it on the cover the other day.He prepared it to celebrate his mum's birthday the day after tomorrow.In fact,his cousin 3.__________it a few days ago.He hopes that his cousin will 4.__________the secret for him.And he will have a picnic with his stick not rain shine keep know mum if it 5.________on that day. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 When Americans are at home,they usually enjoy spending their free time _____1____ all kinds of DIY projects.Maybe this is a little ____2____(difference)from our Chinese people.When we ____3____(China) are at home,we would like to enjoy ourselves by ______4_____(watch)TV or meeting our friends.But American people like spending their time in doing some kinds of work on____5____(they)own.They believe it is ___6___ (help)and interesting.In their eyes,DIY will not only help them to develop their brains but also save them much time.For ______7_____very little job,they will need to think twice before carrying it out well.This _____8______ (do)much good to their brains and make them brighter and brighter.Some Americans live far away from the service centre.When something ______9_____ (go)wrong,they will have to wait for a long time before finding the right service.In these cases,they would also love to manage by themselves. ____10____ in America,DIY is very popular. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文完整、正确。（提示：每空一词） DIY is quite popular in the UK.Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things.If people need to decorate or 1.f__________something in their homes,such as 2.p__________the walls or putting up a new shelf,they will do the jobs 3.t___________.They share DIY stories with their friends.More and more people find the 4.j_____________of DIY.So they invite their friends to join them. Nowadays, many people don't have 5.e____________money to buy a big house.They are considering what they can do to make their house better 6.w____________spending a lot of money.It is not 7.s__________that DIY is so popular. However,DIY can be very dangerous if you are 8.c__________.It's reported that many people were hurt when doing DIY in the UK.DIY can bring us lots of fun,but it is not always 9.a_________easy as it is thought to be if we do something difficult.Maybe factories should make easier and 10.s____________things for us to DIY. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 02 一、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 one，mix，they，potato，cut up Are you looking for a quick,simple and delicious dinner?Spaghetti and rice are always the most popular,and many people like to eat them.Now let's learn how to make 1___________ . How to make spaghetti? 2___________,cook the spaghetti in hot water for 20 minutes.After that,you can start to make the sauce.3 ___________an onion.Pour a little oil into the pan(平底锅),then add pepper,beef and other things.Second,add gravy and some 4___________,cook them for a few minutes and put the spaghetti on a plate.Finally,pour the sauce over the top and 5___________ them together. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。 Sometimes DIY can put you in danger.So before you start to do any DIY job,it's important 1 (read)the instructions.Here are some useful tips to keep you safe 2 you are doing DIY. When you work with electricity(电),make sure you wear the correct shoes.Usually you need a pair 3 rubber shoes during that time.If you're 4 (repair)or checking something electrical,remember to turn it off.It's dangerous to repair a thing 5 power on. When you need to use 6 ladder to climb,make sure that it is strong enough.It's a good idea to ask someone else 7 (hold)it for you when you are on it. When you are painting your house at home,you should always keep at 8 (little)a window or door open so that the room will be full of fresh air. You should also plan enough time for completing a DIY job. 9 (not hurry)to do it.If you get tired,just leave it for the next time.You may hurt 10 (you)if you rush to finish it. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文意思完整。（提示：每空一词） In the 1980s,women in the Jiangnan countryside wore special clothes.They wore headscarves(头巾)and blue calico(印花布)clothes.These soft clothes were c 1 to wear when working in rice fields.Students in school got the chance to see and learn about these cool traditional c 2 these days. The“exploration of old Chinese clothes”class on Nov 8 at Nanjing Foreign Language School tried to learn more about blue calico.The students took on the challenge(挑战)of making their o 3 bags through tie-dyeing (扎染).It is a dyeing skill used to make blue calico. “First,fold the cloth bag the w 4 you like,"said He Xinyue,a grade 8 student.“Then use rubber bands(橡皮筋)to hold it.Next,a 5 colorful dye.Push it down well so the colors go through.W 6 it a few times to get rid of extra dye(去掉多余的染料).” "Tie-dyeing is a magical(有魔力的)art.Everyone does it a little differently,and you never know exactly w 7 it will look like in the end when it is finished.Tie-dyeing m 8 the style of traditional ink-wash paintings(水墨画)with the excitement of impressionist(印象派的)of oil paintings,”said Ma Qianyu,a grade 8 student,happy with her work.“The dye and cotton material used to make blue calico all c 9 from nature.It is a symbol of folk people and their labor(劳动),”she said. “Clothing is a part of traditional culture.It is also a part of art and 1 10 ,”said Chen Xi,the teacher of the class.“Our students will later go to Nanjing Museum to get more knowledge about life in Jiangsu and the folk customs(民俗)there." 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4. _______________ 5._______________ 6._______________ 7. _______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10._______________ 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun 词汇运用专练 话题：人与自我—劳动实践：积极的学习体验，勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新 参考答案 巩固基础·专项突破 01 一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词 1.tools 2.roses 3.scissors 4.almost 5.mooncakes 6.course 7.repair/fix 8.lamps 9.result 10.clothing/clothes 11.finger(s) 12.waste 13.reasons 14.products 15.reduce 16.untie 17.method /way 18.pleasure /happiness/joy 19.reason 20.fill 二、请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.untie 2.incorrect 3.Get 4.To make 5.taking 6.cutting 7.not play 8.impossible 9.uncomfortable 10.unlucky 11.surprise；surprised；surprising；surprise 12.impossible 13.to finish 14.going 15.take 16.shelves 17.paintings 18.spending 19.folded 20.tape 三、选词填空。 A.根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词或短语填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。 1.glue 2.reason 3.mistakes 4.complete 5.courses B.请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺(每个单词限用一次) 6.reason 7.course 8.is crazy about 9.glue 10.aloud 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 01 一、请根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，使句子通顺（每个单词或短语限用一次） 1.is shining 2.stuck 3.knew 4.keep 5.doesn't rain 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.on 2.different 3.Chinese 4.watching 5.their 6.helpful 7.a 8.will do 9.goes 10.So 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文完整、正确。（提示：每空一词） 1.fix 2.painting 3.themselves 4.joy(s) 5.enough 6.without 7.surprising 8.careless 9.as 10.safer 02 一、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 1.them 2.First 3.Cut up 4.potatoes 5.mix 二、根据短文内容，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词或短语的正确形式填空。 1.to read 2.while 3.of 4.repairing 5.with 6.a 7.to hold 8.least 9.Don't hurry 10.yourself 三、阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示填入所缺单词，使短文意思完整。（提示：每空一词） 1.comfortable 2.clothes 3.own 4.way 5.add 6.Wash 7.what 8.mixes 9.come 10.life 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $