摘要:
该初中英语译林版八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship知识点清单系统梳理了单元核心内容,涵盖语法(比较级、词性转换等)、构词法(后缀-ful/-less)、语用表达(情景对话、短语搭配)三大知识范畴,搭建了从基础词汇语法到语境应用的递进式学习支架。
清单通过分类表格(如后缀-ful/-less形容词对比)、分级例题(单选/填空/句型转换)和关联拓展(如alone与lonely辨析)呈现知识体系,突出语言能力和思维品质的培养。特别设计教师版与默写版对照、重难点标注(如“主将从现”标☆☆☆)及动词用法提示(see sb. do/doing区别),帮助学生自主巩固,教师可精准设计分层教学,提升课堂效率。
内容正文:
译林版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Friendship 知识点梳理(教师版)
Grammar(P12-13)
1.bad/ill/badly的比较级worse;最高级worst。
2.n.身高/高度height→adj.高的high
【拓展】(1)tall 常用于指人、树等的高度;high 常用于指山、建筑、位置等的高度
(2)询问某人身高How tall is sb.? = What is sb.'s height?
(3)询问某物高度How high is sth.? = What is the height of sth.?
【例题】
①单项选择:—______ is your brother? —He is 1.75 metres. A. How tall B. How high C. How heavy D. How old
②同义句转换:How high is the building? =______ the ______ ______ the building?
3.n.秒second n.分钟minute n.小时hour standing long jump 立定跳远 n.测验test
v. 称重weigh→n.重量weight
这个女孩重50千克。The girl weighs 50 kilos.=The girl’s weight is 50 kilos.
对“50 kilos”进行提问:How much does the girl weigh?=What’s the girl’s weight?=How heavy is the girl?
对物品的重量进行提问:How much does... weigh?= What is the weight of...? =How heavy is...?
【例题】
① 用所给词的适当形式填空:The ______ (weigh) of the bag is 5 kg.
② 完成句子:There are 60 ______ in one minute.
Word power后缀-ful 与-less(P14)
n.
adj.(-ful )
adj.(-less )
care 关心;照顾
careful 仔细的;小心的
careless 粗心的;大意的
hope 希望
hopeful 充满希望的
hopeless 无望的;绝望的
use 使用;用途
useful 有用的;实用的
useless 无用的;无效的
cheer 欢呼;喝彩
cheerful 开心的;愉快的
cheerless 不开心的;沉闷的
help 帮助
helpful 乐于助人的;有帮助的
helpless 无助的;没用的
meaning 意义;意思
meaningful 有意义的;意味深长的
meaningless 无意义的;无价值的
sleep 睡眠
×(无 sleepful)
sleepless 失眠的;无眠的
taste 味道;品味
tasteful 有品味的;雅致的
tasteless 没品味的;无味的;粗俗的
end 尽头;结尾
×(无 endful)
endless 无尽的;无穷的
cloud 云
×
cloudless 无云的
wonder 奇迹
wonderful 绝妙的;精彩的;极好的
×
thought想法;思索
thoughtful体贴的;深思熟虑的
thoughtless 轻率的;不顾及他人的
colour 颜色
colourful 色彩鲜艳的;丰富多彩的
colourless 无色的;乏味的
1.他总是看事情光明的一面。
He always looks on the bright side of things.
2.Max来了并给了我有用的建议。
Max came and gave me some useful advice.
【拓展】(1)un.建议 advice 一条建议a piece of advice 采纳某人的建议take/follow one’s advice
v.建议 advise 建议某人(不要)做某事advise sb.(not) to do sth.
(2)cn.建议 suggestion 建议做某事suggest doing sth. 建议某人做某事suggest sb. do sth.
3.打羽毛球 play badminton n.气球 balloon 被卡在树上get caught in a tree
4.事实上,我不擅长大部分运动。
In fact,I am hopeless at most sports.
【拓展】不擅长 be hopeless at=be bad at=do badly in
对……抱有希望 be hopeful about
5.然而,西蒙十分热心,给了我许多实用的建议。
However, Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips.
【拓展】(1) 足够……去做某事 be adj. + enough + to do sth.
(2)however 然而,表转折,后面通常加逗号=but
6.我们看到人们放风筝。
We saw people flying kites.
【拓展】see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行、片段瞬间);
see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事(强调动作全过程、经常性、完整动作)
I saw Betty help an old man just now. 我刚才看见贝蒂帮了一位老人。(动作完整做完)
I saw them playing football when I passed by. 我路过时看见他们正在踢足球。(路过瞬间,动作正在发生)
Integration A:(P15)
1.两个朋友在森林里散步。Two friends were walking in the forest.
2.他们非常害怕。They were very scared.
【拓展】adj.害怕,恐惧scared=afraid→v.使害怕scare→adj.吓人的scary
害怕某物 / 害怕做某事be scared of sth/doing sth
不敢做某事be scared to do sth
3.一个朋友快速地爬上了树,另一个也尝试了,但他失败了。
One of the friends quickly climbed up a tree. The other tried too, but he failed.
【拓展】(1)other,another,the other,others
单词
中文含义
使用场景
other
其他的……
泛指,后面必须加名词
another
另一个(三者及以上任意一个)
泛指,单数
the other
另一个(两者中的)
特指两者 one...the other
others
其他的人 / 物(泛指)
后面不加名词,复数泛指
some... others... 一些……另一些……
(2)v.失败fail→n.失败 failure 未能做某事fail to do sth.
反义词v.成功 succeed 成功做某事succeed in doing sth.
n.成功success→adj.成功的successful→adv.成功地successfully
【例题】
(1) I have two best friends. One is Amy, ____ is Kitty. A. another B. the other C. others
(2)Some kids are outgoing, ____ are shy. A. other B. others C. the others
(3)This story is boring, give me ____ one. A. another B. other C. the other
(4)There are 10 girls in the classroom. Three are reading, ____ are writing. A. others B. the others C. other
4.他知道不能独自对抗熊,于是躺下装死。
He knew he couldn't fight the bear alone, so he lay down on the ground.
【拓展】(1)v/n.搏斗,打斗fight→过去式fought
与某人打架fight with sb.=have a fight with sb. 与……对抗 fight against... 为……而奋斗fight for...
(2)alone与lonely
单词
词性
含义 & 用法
例句
alone
adv.
独自地;客观上一个人,无感情色彩
He lives alone. 他独自居住。
lonely
adj.
孤独的、寂寞的;主观内心孤单,带有伤感
He feels lonely. 他感到孤单。
(3)v.躺;平放lie→过去式lay
5.如果熊认为我死了,它就会放过我
The bear will leave me alone if it thinks I'm dead.
【拓展】(1)让某人独自待着;不打扰某人leave sb. alone
☆☆☆(2)if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循"主将从现"
(2) adj.死的dead→v.死亡 die→n.死亡death→adj.垂死的dying
与die相关的短语:die of 死于(+内因) die from 死于(+外因) die out 灭绝
6.v./n.攻击attack adj.离开了,不在gone(也是go的过去分词)
7.它说真正的朋友在危险时刻不会离开你。
It said a true friend should not leave you in times of danger.
【拓展】n.危险danger 处于危险中 in danger ;脱离危险out of danger adj.危险的dangerous
8.adj.勇敢的brave→adv.勇敢地bravely 把你介绍给别人 introduce you to others
Integration B2-B3:(P16)
9.如何与朋友相处:做一个好的倾听者。
How to get along with friends. Be a good listener.
【拓展】(1)get along with sb. = get on with sb. 与某人相处
(2)get along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽
(3)n.倾听者listener
10.不时地点头。Nod from time to time.
【拓展】(1)v.点头nod→过去式nodded →n.点头nodding nod to/at sb. 向某人点头
(2)不时地;有时from time to time = at times = sometimes
11.关心朋友们的感受 care about your friends’ feelings.
【拓展】n.情感,感觉feeling,可数→v.感觉feel
【例题】用所给词的适当形式填空:Please pay attention to your friends’ ______ (feel).
12.给某人做某事的机会 give sb. a chance to do sth. conj.一旦once v.持续last
在困难时期 during bad times
13.v.忘记forget 忘记去做某事forget to do sth. 忘记做过某事forget doing sth.
v.记得remember 记得去做某事remember to do sth. 记得做过某事remember doing sth.
Integration C:(P17)
14.我认为有几个真正的好朋友更重要。
I think it’s more important to have a few really good friends.
【拓展】做某事对某人来说是怎么样的 It’s +adj.+for sb.+to do sth.
15.你们有机会更好地了解彼此,并有更多时间和精力互相支持。
You can get to know each other better and have more time and energy to support each other.
【拓展】(1)有机会做某事get to do sth.
(2)有时间做某事 have time to do sth.
16.也许你说得有道理。Maybe you have a point.
【拓展】(1)有道理;说得对 have a point
单词 / 短语
词性
位置
中文含义
maybe
副词
句首,后加逗号;也可放句中 / 句末
也许,大概
may be
情态动词may + be 动词
句中作谓语,放在主语后
可能是;也许在
Integration D2-D3:(P18)
17.引言introduction 主体main body 总结 conclusion
18.我喜欢她明亮爱笑的眼睛,它们使她看起来漂亮又善良。
I like her bright smiling eyes. They make her look pretty and kind.
【拓展】(1) 明亮爱笑的眼睛bright smiling eyes
(2)使某人看起来…… make sb. look + adj.
19.琼既乐于助人又耐心。Joan is helpful and patient.
【拓展】adj.耐心的patient→adj.不耐心的impatient→adv.耐心地patiently
对某人耐心be patient with sb.
patient还可做名词,意为“病人”。
20.保守秘密 keep it secret 英俊的handsome 深棕色dark brown 个性character
21.每次我感到沮丧时,她都会让我振作起来,使我感觉更好。
Every time I feel down, she will cheer me up and make me feel better.
译林版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 Friendship 知识点梳理(默写版)
Grammar(P12-13)
1.bad/ill/badly的比较级_____________;最高级_____________。
2.n.身高/高度_____________→adj.高的_____________
【拓展】(1)tall 常用于指人、树等的高度;high 常用于指山、建筑、位置等的高度
(2)询问某人身高How tall is sb.? = _____________ is sb.’s _____________?
(3)询问某物高度How high is sth.? = _____________ is the _____________ of sth.?
3.n.秒_____________ n.分钟minute n.小时hour standing long jump 立定跳远 n.测验_____________ v. 称重_____________→n.重量_____________
这个女孩重50千克。The girl _____________ 50 kilos.=The girl’s _____________is 50 kilos.
对“50 kilos”进行提问:How much does the girl weigh?=What’s the girl’s weight?=How heavy is the girl?
对物品的重量进行提问:How much does... weigh?= What is the weight of...? =How heavy is...?
Word power后缀-ful 与-less(P14)
n.
adj.(-ful )
adj.(-less )
care 关心;照顾
_____________仔细的;小心的
_____________粗心的;大意的
hope 希望
_____________充满希望的
_____________无望的;绝望的
use 使用;用途
_____________有用的;实用的
_____________无用的;无效的
cheer 欢呼;喝彩
_____________开心的;愉快的
_____________不开心的;沉闷的
help 帮助
_____________乐于助人的;有帮助的
_____________无助的;没用的
meaning 意义;意思
_____________有意义的;意味深长的
_____________ 无意义的;无价值的
sleep 睡眠
×(无 sleepful)
_____________失眠的;无眠的
taste 味道;品味
_____________有品味的;雅致的
_____________没品味的;无味的;粗俗的
end 尽头;结尾
×(无 endful)
_____________无尽的;无穷的
cloud 云
×
_____________无云的
wonder 奇迹
_____________绝妙的;精彩的;极好的
×
thought想法;思索
_____________体贴的;深思熟虑的
thoughtless 轻率的;不顾及他人的
colour 颜色
_____________色彩鲜艳的;丰富多彩的
colourless 无色的;乏味的
1.他总是看事情光明的一面。
He always _______________________________________ things.
2.Max来了并给了我有用的建议。
Max came and _______________________________________.
【拓展】(1)un.建议 ___________ 一条建议_______________ 采纳某人的建议____________________
v.建议_____________ 建议某人(不要)做某事_______________________________________
(2)cn.建议 _____________ 建议做某事___________________________________________________建议某人做某事suggest sb. do sth.
3.打羽毛球 __________________________ n.气球_____________ 被卡在树上_____________ in a tree
4.事实上,我不擅长大部分运动。
_____________,I __________________________ most sports.
【拓展】不擅长_______________________=_______________________=__________________________
对……抱有希望 be hopeful about
5.然而,西蒙十分热心,给了我许多实用的建议。
_____________, Simon _______________________ give me many _____________.
【拓展】(1) 足够……去做某事 __________________________
(2)_____________然而,表转折,后面通常加_____________=_____________。
6.我们看到人们放风筝。
We __________________________ kites.
【拓展】看见某人正在做某事________________________________(强调动作正在进行、片段瞬间);
看见某人做了某事_______________________________________(强调动作全过程、经常性、完整动作)
I saw Betty help an old man just now. 我刚才看见贝蒂帮了一位老人。(动作完整做完)
I saw them playing football when I passed by. 我路过时看见他们正在踢足球。(路过瞬间,动作正在发生)
Integration A:(P15)
1.两个朋友在森林里散步。Two friends were walking in the forest.
2.他们非常害怕。They _____________ very _____________.
【拓展】adj.害怕,恐惧_____________=_____________→v.使害怕_____________→adj.吓人的scary
害怕某物 / 害怕做某事__________________________/________________________
不敢做某事__________________________
3.一个朋友快速地爬上了树,另一个也尝试了,但他失败了。
One of the friends quickly climbed up a tree. The other tried too, but he failed.
【拓展】(1)other,another,the other,others
单词
中文含义
使用场景
other
another
the other
others
(2)v.失败_____________→n.失败 _____________ 未能做某事_______________________
反义词v.成功_____________ 成功做某事__________________________
n.成功_____________→adj.成功的_____________→adv.成功地_____________
4.他知道不能独自对抗熊,于是躺下装死。
He knew he couldn’t ________ the bear _____________, so he _____________ on the ground.
【拓展】(1)v/n.搏斗,打斗_____________→过去式_____________
与某人打架_____________ sb.=__________________________ sb.
与……对抗 fight against... 为……而奋斗fight for...
(2)alone与lonely
单词
词性
含义 & 用法
alone
lonely
(3)v.躺;平放_____________→过去式_____________
5.如果熊认为我死了,它就会放过我
The bear will __________________________if it thinks I’m _____________.
【拓展】(1)让某人独自待着;不打扰某人_____________
☆☆☆(2)if意为“_____________”,引导条件状语从句,遵循"_____________"
(3) adj.死的_____________→v.死亡 _____________→n.死亡_____________→adj.垂死的_____________
与die相关的短语:死于(+内因)_____________ 死于(+外因)___________ die out _____________
6.v./n.攻击_____________ adj.离开了,不在_____________(也是go的过去分词)
7.它说真正的朋友在危险时刻不会离开你。
It said a true friend should not leave you in times of_____________.
【拓展】n.危险_____________ 处于危险中_____________;脱离危险_____________danger
adj.危险的_____________
8. adj.勇敢的___________→adv.勇敢地_________
把你介绍给别人_____________ you _____________ others
Integration B2-B3:(P16)
9.如何与朋友相处:做一个好的倾听者。
How to __________________________ friends. Be __________________________.
【拓展】(1)与某人相处_____________________ = _____________________.
(2)与某人相处融洽__________________________________________
(3)n.倾听者________________
10.不时地点头。__________________________________________.
【拓展】(1)v.点头___________→过去式___________→n.点头__________ 向某人点头__________
(2)不时地;有时______________________ = ___________= ___________
11.关心朋友们的感受______________________your friends’ ___________.
【拓展】n.情感,感觉feeling,___________→v.感觉___________
12.给某人做某事的机会 give sb. a chance ______________________sth. conj.一旦___________ v.持续___________ during bad times ______________________
13.v.忘记___________ 忘记去做某事__________________ 忘记做过某事______________________ v.记得___________ 记得去做某事______________________ 记得做过某事______________________
Integration C:(P17)
14.我认为有几个真正的好朋友更重要。
I think_________________________________a few really good friends.
【拓展】做某事对某人来说是怎么样的 _________________________________
15.你们有机会更好地了解彼此,并有更多时间和精力互相支持。
You can___________know each other ___________ and __________________ and energy to support each other.
【拓展】(1)有机会做某事_________________________________
(2)有时间做某事 have time______________________sth.
16.也许你说得有道理。___________you have a point.
【拓展】(1)有道理;说得对 have a point
单词 / 短语
词性
位置
中文含义
maybe
句首,后加逗号;也可放句中 / 句末
may be
句中作谓语,放在主语后
Integration D2-D3:(P18)
17.引言______________________ 主体main body 总结 ___________
18.我喜欢她明亮爱笑的眼睛,它们使她看起来漂亮又善良。
I like her______________________. They make her look pretty and kind.
【拓展】(1) 明亮爱笑的眼睛______________________
(2)使某人看起来make sb. look + adj.
19.琼既乐于助人又耐心。Joan is ___________and ___________.
【拓展】adj.耐心的___________→adj.不耐心的___________→adv.耐心地___________
对某人耐心___________
patient还可做名词,意为“___________”。
20.保守秘密 ______________________ 英俊的___________ 深棕色dark brown character___________
21.每次我感到沮丧时,她都会让我振作起来,使我感觉更好。
Every time I ___________, she will ______________________ and ______________________.
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