精品解析：甘肃市县重点高中教研协作联盟2026-2027学年高三起点摸底考试英语试题

甘肃省市县重点高中教研协作联盟2026～2027学年高三起点摸底考试 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Take a taxi. B. Cancel the appointment. C. Run for the bus. 3. What is the woman doing? A. Searching for her car. B. Looking for her key. C. Waiting for her flight. 4. How does the man probably feel? A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Satisfied. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A cooking class. C. A new restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man? A. A deliveryman. B. A clerk. C. A police officer. 7. What happened to the woman’s package? A. It was stolen. B. It was put in another box. C. It was sent to a wrong address. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is probably the man’s major? A. Computer Science. B. Business Management. C. Environmental Science. 9. What can we know about the program? A. It is difficult to get into. B. It involves field research. C. Coding skills are required. 10. What will the man probably do? A. Apply for the program. B. Talk to his professor. C. Look for a new position. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman apologize? A. She failed the exams. B. She damaged the furniture. C. She missed an appointment. 12. What does the woman think of the price? A. Reasonable. B. Too low. C. Very high. 13. What will the speakers do in the afternoon? A. See a flat. B. Study together. C. Get some plants. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the woman going to do? A. Study a new language. B. Attend a tea ceremony. C. Go for a holiday. 15. What is the man’s recommendation? A. Staying in a hotel. B. Respecting local customs. C. Making reservations ahead. 16. What does the man say about the Chinese language? A. It is musical. B. It is difficult. C. It is fairly easy. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speech focus on? A. An urban farm. B. A new landmark. C. A parking lot. 18. What was the biggest challenge for the project? A. Public opposition. B. Governmental approval. C. Fund shortage. 19. What makes the project unique? A. Its sustainability. B. Its location. C. Its biodiversity. 20. What can be learned about Skyline Park? A. It is built only with recycled materials. B. It will provide plants for future projects. C. Its design has won an international award. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ZXMoto, a rising star in the global motorcycle scene, is turning heads with its latest innovation — the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike. With a 150-horsepower three-cylinder engine and aerodynamic carbon-fiber design, this Chinese brand aims to compete with international sportbike giants like Yamaha, Ducati, and Kawasaki. Then what makes the ZXMoto 820RR so special? Let’s dive deep into its technology and performance. ZXMoto 820RR Superbike Overview Engine Type 3-cylinder Power Output 135-150 horsepower (hp) Top Speed 186 miles per hour (mph) Base Weight 421 pounds Estimated Price (China) $12,000 — $14,000 Prices outside China may vary significantly once the bike enters export markets. Competitive Advantages and Disadvantages of the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike Advantages: * Extreme power-to-weight ratio; * Exceptional top speed and horsepower; * Advanced electronics and safety features comparable to Japanese and European rivals. Disadvantages: * Limited global availability; * Key replacement components may drive cost up; * Still new brand with evolving service network. ZXMoto was founded by Zhang Xue, who previously headed the Chinese motorcycle company Kove. The letters in the brand name stand for the initials of the company’s founder. Although ZXMoto has only been on the market for a short time, it has already achieved impressive sales figures. The brand recently celebrated the production of its 10,000th four-cylinder 500RR sports bike and also launched a retro (怀旧) version, the 500F, with the same engine. With the new 820RR, ZXMoto now wants to claim the title of the fastest Chinese-made motorcycle. The model aims to surpass the current national leader until superbikes from competitors such as CFMoto hit the market in the future. The road ahead is promising, and motorcycle enthusiasts worldwide will be watching closely. 1. How far can the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike run at top speed in two hours? A. 186 miles. B. 372 miles. C. 558 miles. D. 744 miles. 2. Which sets the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike apart from its rivals? A. Its extreme power-to-weight ratio. B. Its easy worldwide availability. C. Its reliable global service network. D. Its cheap replacement components. 3. What can we say about the 500F? A. It is the fastest sports bike. B. It is the best-seller at present. C. It has a four-cylinder engine. D. It sports a very modern look. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了摩托车新锐张雪机车旗下的820RR赛车。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格ZXMoto 820RR Superbike Overview中的“Top Speed 186 miles per hour (mph)”可知，820RR两小时能跑186×2=372 (英里)。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Advantages部分的“Extreme power-to-weight ratio(极高的功率重量比)”可知，820RR的输出功率与车重之比非常出色。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The brand recently celebrated the production of its 10,000th four-cylinder 500RR sports bike and also launched a retro (怀旧) version, 500F, with the same engine.(品牌近期庆祝了其四缸500RR运动摩托车的第10000台量产下线，同时还推出了搭载同款发动机的复古版本车型——500F)”可知，500F也装备了四缸发动机。 B As I sit down to write, I realize that today is the deadline for registering my daughters for winter basketball, and I still haven’t done it. I also need to text the babysitter in case my little daughter, who has a fever, can’t go to school tomorrow. Though my husband does a lot at home, especially spending time with our daughters, most of the planning and scheduling of their activities falls on my shoulders. This is not an uncommon situation for working mothers, according to a recent survey by the Pew Research Center on work-life balance. The survey reveals that in almost half of two-parent households (46%), both parents now work full-time, a sharp rise from 31% in 1970. While many parents in such households claim an equal division of household chores and childcare, a gender divide remains. The survey found that 54% of working parents said mothers handle more of the responsibility when it comes to managing children’s schedules and activities. “There is certainly an ebb and flow,” said Monica Sakala, a mother who works from home. “And there are days when I’m frustrated because I feel like too much of it is falling on my plate, but I think that’s just how we work it out and my husband may feel like he’s very involved and participatory.” The stress of household chores and childcare is not only a concern for mothers. The report found that 56% of all working fathers said stress affects their experiences as parents. Of the working fathers, 32% said being a parent is stressful and 39% said parenthood is tiring. The challenge of handling household chores and childcare is real, and there is a shift towards more equal sharing of responsibilities at home, though the balance is still a work in progress. 4. What do we know about the author as a mother? A. She does more in scheduling kids’ activities. B. She takes full charge of household chores. C. She does more in earning family income. D. She plays an equal role in educating children. 5. What is the percentage of parents working full-time now according to the survey? A. 31%. B. 46%. C. 50%. D. 54%. 6. What does the underlined word “frustrated” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Sympathetic. D. Unconscious. 7. What does the author expect working parents to achieve? A. Elimination of unnecessary tests. B. A sense of fair play in family bills. C. Equal division of labor at home. D. A mutually agreed solution on pay. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了职业父母在家庭责任分配方面的现状，指出尽管双职工家庭增多，但母亲在安排孩子日程和活动方面仍承担更多责任，同时父亲也面临育儿压力，家庭责任的平等分配仍在进展之中。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“most of the planning and scheduling of their activities falls on my shoulders.(他们活动的大部分规划和安排都落在了我的肩上。)”以及第三段中的“54% of working parents said mothers handle more of the responsibility when it comes to managing children’s schedules and activities.（54%的职业父母表示，在管理孩子的日程和活动方面，母亲承担了更多的责任。)”可知，作者作为母亲，在孩子活动的安排和日程规划方面承担了更多责任。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in almost half of two-parent households (46%), both parents now work full-time(在几乎一半的双亲家庭（46%）中，父母双方现在都全职工作）”可知，目前双亲全职工作的比例为46%。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“And there are days when I’m frustrated because I feel like too much of it is falling on my plate(有些日子我感到frustrated，因为我觉得太多事情落在了我的肩上）”可知，Monica Sakala因为感觉太多家务和育儿责任落在自己身上而感到“烦恼，沮丧”，annoyed意为“烦恼的，恼怒的”，与frustrated在此语境中的含义一致。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章开篇描述了作者作为母亲承担了大部分孩子活动的规划和安排，随后引用调查数据指出母亲在管理孩子日程方面承担更多责任，最后一段提到“there is a shift towards more equal sharing of responsibilities at home, though the balance is still a work in progress.(家庭责任的分配正朝着更加平等的方向发展，尽管这种平衡仍在进展之中。)”可知，作者期望职业父母能够实现家庭责任的平等分配。 C Climate scientists often warn the public about the risks of global warming. While concern is necessary, the professional pessimism of some may convey misleading messages to policymakers and the public. Ahead of the crucial UN summit in France, more than 150 countries have submitted plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. An assessment of these suggests that global annual emissions of greenhouse gases in 2030 will reach between 55 and 60 billion tonnes. This has led some climate scientists to declare that staying below the 2℃ warming limit, and hence avoiding dangerous climate change, is impossible. But the evidence indicates that it is achievable, even without large-scale negative-emissions projects, such as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage. The Emissions Gap Report, published by the UN Environment Programme, analysed scenarios (情境) outlined in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It found 16 scenarios that resulted in a 50 to 66 percent chance of avoiding warming beyond 2℃. These paths do not rely on future large-scale technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Instead, they are based on steady and reasonable emission cuts beginning in 2010 and continuing without major delay. These require annual emissions to drop from the current 50 to 53 billion tonnes to 36 billion by 2030, 27 billion by 2050, and 14 billion by 2100. This is technically possible, even if it needs more action. Governments recognise the gap between present commitments and an emissions pathway that avoids dangerous climate change. It is likely that the Paris Agreement will initiate a process through which governments will scale up their emission-cut efforts, acknowledging that what is on the table now should be a floor, not a ceiling, for reductions. Therefore, climate scientists should help governments and the public understand what must be done to have a reasonable chance of staying below 2℃ instead of spreading doubt. 8. What is some climate scientists’ attitude to staying below the 2℃ warming limit? A. Tolerant. B. Favorable. C. Optimistic. D. Pessimistic. 9. Why does the author mention the Emissions Gap Report? A. To illustrate a crucial scientific concept. B. To emphasize the target is unacceptable. C. To argue against some scientists’ view. D. To highlight the impact of climate change. 10. What should governments do based on the Paris Agreement? A. Make more efforts to cut emissions. B. Rely on large-scale technologies. C. Delay emissions cuts until 2050. D. Sign a new contract among countries. 11. What is the author’s opinion on dangerous climate change? A. It is quite easy to address. B. It is subject to advances in technology. C. It is an unsolvable problem. D. It is avoidable with the right approach. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文作者反驳了部分气候科学家认为无法将全球升温控制在2℃以内的悲观看法，通过相关报告数据论证该目标是可实现的，呼吁气候科学家引导公众和政策制定者了解正确的减排路径，各国政府也应加大减排力度以规避危险的气候变化。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“This has led some climate scientists to declare that staying below the 2℃ warming limit, and hence avoiding dangerous climate change, is impossible. (这导致一些气候科学家宣称将升温控制在2℃以内、从而避免危险的气候变化是不可能的。)”可知，一些气候科学家认为实现2℃目标是不可能的，持悲观态度。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The Emissions Gap Report, published by the UN Environment Programme, analysed scenarios (情境) outlined in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It found 16 scenarios that resulted in a 50 to 66 percent chance of avoiding warming beyond 2℃. These paths do not rely on future large-scale technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. (联合国环境规划署发布的《排放差距报告》分析了政府间气候变化专门委员会第五次评估报告中提出的各种情景。该报告发现，有16种情景可使避免气温上升超过2℃的概率达到50%至66%。这些路径并不依赖于未来大规模的技术来清除大气中的碳。)”可知，作者引用该报告是为了证明一些科学家认为2℃目标不可能实现的观点是错误的，即反驳一些科学家的观点。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It is likely that the Paris Agreement will initiate a process through which governments will scale up their emission-cut efforts, acknowledging that what is on the table now should be a floor, not a ceiling, for reductions. (巴黎协定很可能启动一个进程，使各国政府加大减排力度，承认当前的承诺应是减排的底线，而非上限。)”可知，根据巴黎协定，政府应加大减排努力。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But the evidence indicates that it is achievable, even without large-scale negative-emissions projects, such as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage. (但证据表明这是可以实现的，即使没有大规模负排放项目，例如，利用碳捕集与封存技术的生物能源。)”以及最后一段“Therefore, climate scientists should help governments and the public understand what must be done to have a reasonable chance of staying below 2℃ instead of spreading doubt. (因此，气候科学家应帮助政府和公众理解必须采取哪些措施，才能有合理机会将气温控制在2℃以下，而不是制造不确定性。)”可知，作者认为危险的气候变化通过正确的方法是可以避免的。 D A team of scientists, led by Marco Zorzi at the University of Padua in Italy, has discovered that an artificial brain can teach itself to estimate the number of objects in an image without counting them directly. This ability is similar to a natural skill shown by humans and animals, such as fish and lions. The computer model was not preprogrammed with numerical capabilities. Instead, it learned by examining many images and finding patterns on its own. “It answers the question of how numerosity emerges without teaching anything about numbers in the first place,” said Zorzi. The skill in question is known as approximate number sense, or ANS. A simple test of ANS involves looking at two groups of spots on a page and intuitively (凭直觉) knowing which has more dots, even though you have not counted them. For example, fish rely on this ability to choose the larger group to swim with, which increases their safety. To investigate ANS, Zorzi and his coworker Ivilin Stoianov used a computerised neural (神经的) network that responds to images and generates new ones based on learned rules. The software included several layers, similar to how the human visual system works. The first layer responded to simple visual details, while deeper layers processed more complex information. The pair fed the network 51,800 images, each containing up to 32 rectangles (矩形) of varying sizes. When Zorzi and Stoianov analyzed the network’s behaviour, they discovered a subset of neurons in the deepest layer that fired more often as the number of objects in the image decreased. This suggested that the network had learned to estimate the number of objects in each image as part of its rules for generating images. This behaviour was independent of the total surface area of the objects, emphasising that the neurons were detecting number. This discovery could help researchers understand dyscalculia, a condition that makes learning basic math very difficult for some people. It may also open up possibilities for AI in fields like robotics and computer vision, where fast estimation is often needed. 12. The computer model in the study develops a sense of numerosity through ________. A. counting objects B. preset number rules C. observing images D. updated information 13. How do fish benefit from ANS? A. They establish a natural habitat. B. They escape danger and stay safe. C. They can swim in deep waters. D. They can attack enemies quietly. 14. What can we infer about the finding? A. It will lower the cost of robots. B. It may offer a cure for diseases. C. It will enhance higher education. D. It may enhance AI’s performance. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. The Role of Neural Networks in Robots B. AI and Its Impacts on Learning Numbers C. An Artificial Brain Learns Number Sense D. ANS Poses a Challenge to Human Beings 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了意大利帕多瓦大学的Marco Zorzi团队发现一个人工大脑能够在没有被预先编程数值能力的情况下，通过自主观察图像学会估计物体数量，并探讨了这一发现对理解计算障碍和人工智能领域的潜在影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Instead, it learned by examining many images and finding patterns on its own. “It answers the question of how numerosity emerges without teaching anything about numbers in the first place,” said Zorzi.(相反，它通过分析大量图像，自主寻找规律来完成学习。这解答了数感究竟是如何产生的这一问题)”可知，计算机模型是通过观察图像来发展数量感的。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A simple test of ANS involves looking at two groups of spots on a page and intuitively (凭直觉) knowing which has more dots, even though you have not counted them. For example, fish rely on this ability to choose the larger group to swim with, which increases their safety. (对近似数量系统（ANS）的一项简单测试：看着页面上两组圆点，凭直觉判断哪一组的圆点数量更多，即便你并没有去数它们。例如，鱼依靠这种能力选择更大的群体一起游动，这增加了它们的安全性。)”可知，鱼利用ANS选择更大的鱼群来躲避危险、保持安全。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It may also open up possibilities for AI in fields like robotics and computer vision, where fast estimation is often needed. (它还可能为人工智能在机器人和计算机视觉等需要快速估算的领域开辟可能性。)”可推断，这一发现可能会提升人工智能的性能。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A team of scientists, led by Marco Zorzi at the University of Padua in Italy, has discovered that an artificial brain can teach itself to estimate the number of objects in an image without counting them directly.(由意大利帕多瓦大学的马尔科・佐尔齐带领的一组科学家发现，人工大脑可以自学估算一张图片里物体的数量，而无需直接逐个计数)”可知，本文主要讲述了意大利帕多瓦大学的Marco Zorzi团队发现一个人工大脑能够在没有被预先编程数值能力的情况下，通过自主观察图像学会估计物体数量，并探讨了这一发现对理解计算障碍和人工智能领域的潜在影响。C项“An Artificial Brain Learns Number Sense (一个人工大脑学会了数量感)”准确概括了文章主旨，适合作标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The concept of so-called “biorhythms”, or periods of 23, 28, and 33 days is all over social media. ___16___. But it’s essentially nonsense. The idea behind so-called “biorhythms” is that over the course of month-long periods, your physical, emotional, and intellectual states are up and down, so you should adjust your personal schedule and act when each of them is at the top of one of its cycles. This thinking dictates (使人相信) that you are productive only on certain days in a month and it gives you permission to relax when you perceive yourself to be on the low end of these so-called rhythms. ___17___: If you’re patiently waiting for a biorhythm to peak, your responsibilities and tasks can add up, which will leave you with a bunch of stuff to do — and much of it, left alone for so long, will likely become urgent. Scientists have looked into this and proven it wrong, but the enduring belief in this phenomenon has led to some money grabs when some people try to sell you products that seemingly can help you control your own biorhythms to maximize your energy, productivity, and happiness. Now, you might have heard of circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and assumed biorhythms are roughly the same thing. ___18___. According to the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, circadian rhythms are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that flow along a day-long cycle and they’re influenced by light and dark. There’s a whole science behind it, which amounts to this: ___19___, since your body sleeps at night, and you will be awake in daylight to get stuff done, ideally feeling alert. ___20___. You’ll be more productive if you get consistent and good sleep. You don’t need to track peaks or subscribe to apps to master this. Instead, focus on getting quality sleep and maximizing what you are doing during those precious daylight hours. A. The problem is obvious B. In fact, they’re quite different C. You get tired when it gets dark D. You should take a break when you feel tired E. You might think there’s some science behind it F. So-called “biorhythms” aren’t real, but circadian rhythms are G. There are, however, other ways to track your peaks in productivity 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了所谓的“生物节律”并不真实存在，而昼夜节律才是科学上认可的生理现象，并建议人们关注昼夜节律以提升生产力。 【16题详解】 由上文“The concept of so-called “biorhythms”, or periods of 23, 28, and 33 days is all over social media.(所谓的“生物节律”的概念，即23天、28天和33天的周期，在社交媒体上随处可见。)”及下文“But it’s essentially nonsense.(但这本质上是无稽之谈。)”可知，上文说明了“生物节律”的概念在社交媒体上广泛传播，下文指出这一概念本质上是无稽之谈，本空应说明人们可能认为这一概念背后有科学依据。E选项“You might think there’s some science behind it.(你可能会认为这背后有一些科学依据)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上文“This thinking dictates (使人相信) that you are productive only on certain days in a month and it gives you permission to relax when you perceive yourself to be on the low end of these so-called rhythms.(这种想法使人相信，你一个月中只有某些天是高效的，并且当你觉得自己处于这些所谓节奏的低谷时，它允许你放松。)”及下文“If you’re patiently waiting for a biorhythm to peak, your responsibilities and tasks can add up, which will leave you with a bunch of stuff to do — and much of it, left alone for so long, will likely become urgent.(如果你耐心地等待生物节律达到高峰，你的责任和任务会不断增加，这会让你有一堆事情要做——而且其中很多事情，如果长时间搁置不管，很可能会变得紧急。)”可知，上文说明了“生物节律”理论允许人们在低谷时放松，下文指出这种等待会导致任务堆积并变得紧急，本空应说明这种做法的问题所在。A选项“The problem is obvious.(问题显而易见)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 由上文“Now, you might have heard of circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and assumed biorhythms are roughly the same thing.(现在，你可能听说过昼夜节律，并认为生物节律大致是同一回事。)”及下文“According to the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, circadian rhythms are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that flow along a day-long cycle and they’re influenced by light and dark.(根据国家普通医学研究所的说法，昼夜节律是沿着一天周期流动的生理、心理和行为变化，它们受光明和黑暗的影响。)”可知，上文说明了人们可能认为“生物节律”和“昼夜节律”是同一回事，下文对“昼夜节律”进行了科学解释，本空应说明两者实际上并不相同。B选项“In fact, they’re quite different.(事实上，它们相当不同)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 由上文“According to the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, circadian rhythms are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that flow along a day-long cycle and they’re influenced by light and dark. There’s a whole science behind it, which amounts to this:(根据美国国家普通医学科学研究所的说法，昼夜节律是沿着一天的周期流动的身体、心理和行为变化，它们受到光和暗的影响。这背后有一个完整的科学，相当于：)”及下文“since your body sleeps at night, and you will be awake in daylight to get stuff done, ideally feeling alert.(因为你的身体在晚上睡觉，你会在白天醒来完成事情，理想情况下会感到警觉。)”可知，上文说明了昼夜节律背后有科学依据，下文解释了这种节律如何影响人们的睡眠和清醒状态，本空应说明这种节律与黑暗的关系。C选项“You get tired when it gets dark(天黑时你会感到疲倦)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 由下文“You’ll be more productive if you get consistent and good sleep. You don’t need to track peaks or subscribe to apps to master this. Instead, focus on getting quality sleep and maximizing what you are doing during those precious daylight hours.(如果你得到持续且良好的睡眠，你会更有效率。你不需要追踪高峰或订阅应用程序来掌握这一点。相反，专注于获得高质量的睡眠，并充分利用那些宝贵的白天时间。)”可知，本段总结全文，否定生物节律的作用，强调昼夜节律相关的睡眠的重要性，本空应起到总领全段的作用。F选项“So-called “biorhythms” aren’t real, but circadian rhythms are(所谓的“生物节律”并不真实，但昼夜节律是真实的)”能够概括本段核心观点，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Middle school is a rough period of life for many of us. And it can feel like the end of the world if we’re the ____21____ of the school’s bullies (校霸). Jennifer knew this ____22____ all too well. When she was in middle school, her classmates made fun of her social awkwardness and ____23____ clothes. Then the bullying reached a totally new level in seventh grade when three girls started ____24____ her almost every day. Jennifer didn’t know what to do to ____25____ herself. So, she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school and her grades ____26____. But a (n) ____27____ help came to her rescue a few days into eighth grade. One day, Jennifer was in the locker room, and she was by herself because she had waited for everyone else to leave so she could change in private. Just then, she heard a ____28____. It was the new girl who had just moved to Jennifer’s class. “I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,” she said. “Is that ____29____?” Jennifer was so scared that she began to ____30____. “What are you crying about?” the girl asked sharply. That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story. A long silence followed after Jennifer ____31____. “Don’t ____32____,” the girl said gently. “I’ll tell them to stop.” When Jennifer looked up, the girl was gone, and the bullies never targeted her again. Since then, Jennifer’s whole ____33____ of school changed. She was able to ____34____ her schoolwork and get better grades. The future appeared ____35____, again. Best of all, the new girl became her best friend. 21. A. target B. friend C. example D. educator 22. A. risk B. responsibility C. feeling D. benefit 23. A. costly B. unfashionable C. pretty D. warm 24. A. helping B. comforting C. paying D. attacking 25. A. defend B. enjoy C. teach D. accept 26. A. ended B. suffered C. disappeared D. improved 27. A. occasional B. potential C. unexpected D. unappreciated 28. A. song B. story C. fight D. voice 29. A. fun B. true C. fair D. silly 30. A. cry B. dance C. apologize D. shout 31. A. left B. moved C. argued D. finished 32. A. go B. obey C. worry D. complain 33. A. experience B. expectation C. theory D. dream 34. A. refer to B. carry on C. respond to D. concentrate on 35. A. dark B. promising C. distant D. threatening 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jennifer在中学时期遭受校园欺凌的经历——她被同学嘲笑、攻击，成绩也因此下滑。直到八年级的一天，一位新转来的女孩在更衣室主动询问她的情况，并承诺帮助她。自那以后，欺凌停止了，Jennifer的生活发生了转变，新女孩也成为了她最好的朋友。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：中学对我们许多人来说是一段艰难的时期。如果我们成为学校欺凌者的目标，那感觉就像世界末日一样。A. target目标；B. friend朋友；C. example榜样；D. educator教育者。根据后文描述Jennifer被欺凌的经历以及空后“of the school’s bullies”可知，她是欺凌者的“目标”。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：Jennifer非常清楚这种感觉。A. risk风险；B. responsibility责任；C. feeling感觉；D. benefit益处。根据第一段中“it can feel like the end of the world”可知，此处指被欺凌时的那种“感觉”，Jennifer非常清楚。。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当她在中学时，同学们嘲笑她的社交尴尬和不时尚的衣服。A. costly昂贵的；B. unfashionable不时髦的；C. pretty漂亮的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文“made fun of her social awkwardness”可知，同学们嘲笑她的衣服，应是不时尚的。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：然后到了七年级，欺凌升级到一个全新的程度，三个女孩开始几乎每天都攻击她。A. helping帮助；B. comforting安慰；C. paying支付；D. attacking攻击。根据前文“bullying reached a totally new level”可知，三个女孩开始“攻击”她。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：Jennifer不知道如何保护自己。A. defend保护/防卫；B. enjoy享受；C. teach教；D. accept接受。根据前文她遭受欺凌，并结合后文“she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school”可知，她不知道如何“保护”自己。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：所以，大多数日子她放学后在公交车上哭泣，她的成绩也下降了。A. ended结束；B. suffered遭受/变差；C. disappeared消失；D. improved提高。根据前文“she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school”和并列连词and可知，她成绩“变差了”。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但在八年级开始的几天后，一次意想不到的帮助救了她。A. occasional偶尔的；B. potential潜在的；C. unexpected意想不到的；D. unappreciated不被欣赏的。根据后文一位新转来的女孩主动帮助她，这是她未曾预料到的“意想不到的帮助”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：就在这时，她听到了一个声音。A. song歌曲；B. story故事；C. fight打斗；D. voice声音。根据后文“‘I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,’ she said.”可知，她听到了说话的“声音”。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“我听说你被那三个女孩威胁了。那是真的吗？”A. fun有趣的；B. true真实的；C. fair公平的；D. silly愚蠢的。根据第八段“That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story.”可知，新女孩在确认事情是否“真实”。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：Jennifer非常害怕，她开始哭了起来。A. cry哭泣；B. dance跳舞；C. apologize道歉；D. shout喊叫。根据前文“Jennifer was so scared”可知，她害怕得“哭”了起来。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：Jennifer说完后，是长时间的沉默。A. left离开；B. moved移动；C. argued争论；D. finished完成/结束。根据前文“told her the whole story”和“A long silence followed”可知，Jennifer“说完”后是长时间的沉默。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：“别担心，”女孩温柔地说。A. go去；B. obey服从；C. worry担心；D. complain抱怨。根据后文“I‘ll tell them to stop.”可知，女孩在安慰她，让她“别担心”。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：从那以后，Jennifer对整个学校的体验都改变了。A. experience体验/经历；B. expectation期望；C. theory理论；D. dream梦想。根据前文“the bullies never targeted her again”和后文“She was able to ___ on her schoolwork and get better grades.”可知，可知她对学校的整体“体验”改变了。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：她能够专注于学业并取得更好的成绩。A. refer to参考/指的是；B. carry on继续；C. respond to回应；D. concentrate on专注于。根据后文“get better grades”可知，她能够“专注于”学业。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：未来再次显得充满希望。A. dark黑暗的；B. promising有希望的；C. distant遥远的；D. threatening威胁的。根据前文“get better grades”和后文“Best of all, the new girl became her best friend.”可知，她的生活好转，未来是“有希望的”。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of cultural shocks. For example, I still remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, ____36____ (sit) me in an armchair in her apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, ____37____ (especial) those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, ____38____ through food and over-concern. It took me ____39____ while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it rude and bossy when she told me, “Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I started to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when some Chinese are becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical ____40____ (need), urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When Li ____41____ (press) me to have another mouthful of meat, I know she is offering me something ____42____ is similar to a hug, since food in China can mean many things. In China, food is also an art. It transforms natural raw materials into numerous forms and creates a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen. It is finding ways ____43____ (generate) delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the head of a fish. It is an expression of human wisdom and ____44____ (create). Above all, it is what connects ____45____ (we). 【答案】36. sitting 37. especially 38. but 39. a 40. needs 41. presses 42. that 43. to generate 44. creativity 45. us 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在中国经历的跨文化冲击，从最初不理解到逐渐接受中国人通过食物和过度关心而非拥抱来表达爱意的方式，并赞美了中国饮食文化的艺术与智慧。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我仍然记得我认的“李阿姨”曾经是如何照顾我的，让我坐在她公寓的扶手椅上，给我端来一杯绿茶，为我切水果，在她准备一顿美味的四川晚餐时聊着无关紧要的事情。how引导的宾语从句中，已有谓语took，空处作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语my adopted “aunt” Li之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词sitting作状语。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：像许多中国人一样，尤其是老一辈人，她并没有通过拥抱或情感宣泄来表达对我的爱，而是通过食物和过度的关心。此处起强调作用，用副词especially作状语。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。此处为“not... but...”结构，表示“不是……而是……”。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我花了一段时间才习惯这种表达情感的方式。固定短语“it takes (sb.) a while to do sth.”表示“花费（某人）一段时间做某事”，while在此处为可数名词，意为“一段时间”，且发音以辅音音素开头，前边应使用不定冠词a。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：现在，我总能分辨出一些中国人什么时候开始喜欢我，因为他们开始过度担心我的身体需求，催促我吃喝、穿暖、休息。根据空前“my physical”可知，此处的need是名词，结合句意及后文可知，需求不止一个，应用复数形式。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当李阿姨劝我再吃一口肉时，我知道她是在给我一个类似拥抱的东西，因为在中国食物可以意味着很多东西。空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句know及语境可知，此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语Li为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式presses。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“something”，先行词为不定代词，且在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它是从鸭舌到鱼头等各种食材中寻找创造快乐的方法。固定短语“way to do sth.”表示“做某事的方法”，空处应用不定式作后置定语。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：它是人类智慧和创造力的表达。根据空前“human wisdom and”可知，空处与名词wisdom并列，应用名词形式creativity，意为“创造力”，为不可数名词。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：最重要的是，它是连接我们的东西。根据空前动词“connects”可知，空处作宾语，应用代词的宾格形式us。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你班将在下周英语课上开展题为“How to Make Good Use of Online Resources in Our Study”的讨论活动。请你准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1．网上学习资源的使用现状； 2．你的看法。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, dear fellow students! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening! 【答案】例文 Good morning, dear fellow students! Nowadays, more and more students turn to various online resources for daily study. While they bring great convenience to our learning, many students lack effective information screening ability. Faced with huge amounts of content, they often spend much time but gain little, leading to low learning efficiency. In my opinion, we can use these resources more wisely. We can choose formal and authoritative educational platforms and use precise keywords for searches, so we can get reliable information efficiently and make the best of online resources. Thanks for listening! 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生准备一篇发言稿，围绕如何善用线上学习资源展开讨论，阐述现状与个人看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：various → diverse 大量的：huge amounts of → a mass of/a large quantity of 获得：gain → obtain 准确的：precise → accurate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Nowadays, more and more students turn to various online resources for daily study. 拓展句：Nowadays, more and more students turn to various online resources for daily study, which offer us rich learning materials. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While they bring great convenience to our learning, many students lack effective information screening ability. (运用了While引导的让步状语从句) 【高分句型2】Faced with huge amounts of content, they often spend much time but gain little, leading to low learning efficiency. (运用了过去分词Faced作状语、现在分词leading作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lily was a member of her school’s volunteer group. The city’s old people’s home would hold a weekend charity party, and everyone expected Lily to take charge of the performance. But recently she was in low spirits. She forgot several key tasks, her plans kept going wrong, and she often looked absent-minded at group meetings. Her partners felt quite confused and worried. “What is going on with you, Lily?” asked Anna, the group leader, one day. “We are all depending on you!” “I’m terribly sorry,” Lily said, hanging her head low. “I will pull myself together and catch up.” But no matter how hard she tried, she could not focus on her work. It turned out that Lily’s grandma had fallen ill days before. Her parents were busy on business trips, so Lily had to look after her grandma alone after school — preparing meals, doing housework and reminding her grandma to take medicine on time. She hardly had time for her homework, not to mention the volunteer preparation. One afternoon, after a long tiring day at school, Lily hurried home, only to find her grandma having a bad headache and coughing weakly. She got the medicine ready in a hurry and sat down beside the bed, feeling completely worn out. Just then, the doorbell rang. To her great surprise, all her volunteer group members stood outside the door. “We followed you because we sensed something was wrong,” Anna stepped forward and explained softly. “Have you been looking after your grandma all these days by yourself?” Lily nodded, with tears welling up in her eyes. “We had no idea you were going through so much. You should have told us earlier. We are a team, and we should take good care of ourselves while helping others,” Anna said gently. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After knowing the truth, the group members immediately took action to help. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of the charity party, Lily and her group gave a wonderful performance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 After knowing the truth, the group members immediately took action to help. Some started to tidy up the messy room and prepare a warm dinner, while others sat beside Lily’s grandma to keep her company and comfort her. They soon worked out a turn-based help plan, so that Lily could spare more time to rest and finish her schoolwork. With everyone’s support, Lily gradually cheered up and threw herself back into preparing for the party with full energy. On the day of the charity party, Lily and her group gave a wonderful performance. Their well-prepared songs and short plays brought big smiles to every elderly person’s face. When the elders praised their performance warmly and held their hands tightly, Lily felt a strong sense of warmth and achievement. She came to understand that teamwork meant carrying each other through hard times, and we should take good care of ourselves while helping others. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Lily因独自照顾生病的奶奶而无法兼顾志愿者工作，在团队伙伴发现真相后主动伸出援手，最终大家齐心协力在慈善晚会上呈现精彩演出的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可描写成员们分工照顾奶奶、分担家务，并为Lily制定轮流帮助计划，使她得以休息并重新投入准备。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可描写演出获得老人们的热烈赞赏，Lily从中体会到团队合作与互助的真谛。 2. 续写线索：隐瞒困境——伙伴发现——分工相助——重拾信心——精彩演出——感悟成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①陪伴：keep company/accompany ②准备：prepare for/make preparations for 情绪类 ①热情地：warmly/enthusiastically ②成就感：sense of achievement/sense of fulfillment 【点睛】【高分句型1】They soon worked out a turn-based help plan, so that Lily could spare more time to rest and finish her schoolwork.(运用了so that引导的目的状语从句) 【高分句型2】When the elders praised their performance warmly and held their hands tightly, Lily felt a strong sense of warmth and achievement. (运用了when引导的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 甘肃省市县重点高中教研协作联盟2026～2027学年高三起点摸底考试 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Take a taxi. B. Cancel the appointment. C. Run for the bus. 3. What is the woman doing? A. Searching for her car. B. Looking for her key. C. Waiting for her flight. 4. How does the man probably feel? A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Satisfied. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A cooking class. C. A new restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man? A. A deliveryman. B. A clerk. C. A police officer. 7. What happened to the woman’s package? A. It was stolen. B. It was put in another box. C. It was sent to a wrong address. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is probably the man’s major? A. Computer Science. B. Business Management. C. Environmental Science. 9. What can we know about the program? A. It is difficult to get into. B. It involves field research. C. Coding skills are required. 10. What will the man probably do? A. Apply for the program. B. Talk to his professor. C. Look for a new position. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman apologize? A. She failed the exams. B. She damaged the furniture. C. She missed an appointment. 12. What does the woman think of the price? A. Reasonable. B. Too low. C. Very high. 13. What will the speakers do in the afternoon? A. See a flat. B. Study together. C. Get some plants. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the woman going to do? A. Study a new language. B. Attend a tea ceremony. C. Go for a holiday. 15. What is the man’s recommendation? A. Staying in a hotel. B. Respecting local customs. C. Making reservations ahead. 16. What does the man say about the Chinese language? A. It is musical. B. It is difficult. C. It is fairly easy. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speech focus on? A. An urban farm. B. A new landmark. C. A parking lot. 18. What was the biggest challenge for the project? A. Public opposition. B. Governmental approval. C. Fund shortage. 19. What makes the project unique? A. Its sustainability. B. Its location. C. Its biodiversity. 20. What can be learned about Skyline Park? A. It is built only with recycled materials. B. It will provide plants for future projects. C. Its design has won an international award. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A ZXMoto, a rising star in the global motorcycle scene, is turning heads with its latest innovation — the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike. With a 150-horsepower three-cylinder engine and aerodynamic carbon-fiber design, this Chinese brand aims to compete with international sportbike giants like Yamaha, Ducati, and Kawasaki. Then what makes the ZXMoto 820RR so special? Let’s dive deep into its technology and performance. ZXMoto 820RR Superbike Overview Engine Type 3-cylinder Power Output 135-150 horsepower (hp) Top Speed 186 miles per hour (mph) Base Weight 421 pounds Estimated Price (China) $12,000 — $14,000 Prices outside China may vary significantly once the bike enters export markets. Competitive Advantages and Disadvantages of the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike Advantages: * Extreme power-to-weight ratio; * Exceptional top speed and horsepower; * Advanced electronics and safety features comparable to Japanese and European rivals. Disadvantages: * Limited global availability; * Key replacement components may drive cost up; * Still new brand with evolving service network. ZXMoto was founded by Zhang Xue, who previously headed the Chinese motorcycle company Kove. The letters in the brand name stand for the initials of the company’s founder. Although ZXMoto has only been on the market for a short time, it has already achieved impressive sales figures. The brand recently celebrated the production of its 10,000th four-cylinder 500RR sports bike and also launched a retro (怀旧) version, the 500F, with the same engine. With the new 820RR, ZXMoto now wants to claim the title of the fastest Chinese-made motorcycle. The model aims to surpass the current national leader until superbikes from competitors such as CFMoto hit the market in the future. The road ahead is promising, and motorcycle enthusiasts worldwide will be watching closely. 1. How far can the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike run at top speed in two hours? A. 186 miles. B. 372 miles. C. 558 miles. D. 744 miles. 2. Which sets the ZXMoto 820RR Superbike apart from its rivals? A. Its extreme power-to-weight ratio. B. Its easy worldwide availability. C. Its reliable global service network. D. Its cheap replacement components. 3. What can we say about the 500F? A. It is the fastest sports bike. B. It is the best-seller at present. C. It has a four-cylinder engine. D. It sports a very modern look. B As I sit down to write, I realize that today is the deadline for registering my daughters for winter basketball, and I still haven’t done it. I also need to text the babysitter in case my little daughter, who has a fever, can’t go to school tomorrow. Though my husband does a lot at home, especially spending time with our daughters, most of the planning and scheduling of their activities falls on my shoulders. This is not an uncommon situation for working mothers, according to a recent survey by the Pew Research Center on work-life balance. The survey reveals that in almost half of two-parent households (46%), both parents now work full-time, a sharp rise from 31% in 1970. While many parents in such households claim an equal division of household chores and childcare, a gender divide remains. The survey found that 54% of working parents said mothers handle more of the responsibility when it comes to managing children’s schedules and activities. “There is certainly an ebb and flow,” said Monica Sakala, a mother who works from home. “And there are days when I’m frustrated because I feel like too much of it is falling on my plate, but I think that’s just how we work it out and my husband may feel like he’s very involved and participatory.” The stress of household chores and childcare is not only a concern for mothers. The report found that 56% of all working fathers said stress affects their experiences as parents. Of the working fathers, 32% said being a parent is stressful and 39% said parenthood is tiring. The challenge of handling household chores and childcare is real, and there is a shift towards more equal sharing of responsibilities at home, though the balance is still a work in progress. 4. What do we know about the author as a mother? A. She does more in scheduling kids’ activities. B. She takes full charge of household chores. C. She does more in earning family income. D. She plays an equal role in educating children. 5. What is the percentage of parents working full-time now according to the survey? A. 31%. B. 46%. C. 50%. D. 54%. 6. What does the underlined word “frustrated” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Sympathetic. D. Unconscious. 7. What does the author expect working parents to achieve? A. Elimination of unnecessary tests. B. A sense of fair play in family bills. C. Equal division of labor at home. D. A mutually agreed solution on pay. C Climate scientists often warn the public about the risks of global warming. While concern is necessary, the professional pessimism of some may convey misleading messages to policymakers and the public. Ahead of the crucial UN summit in France, more than 150 countries have submitted plans to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. An assessment of these suggests that global annual emissions of greenhouse gases in 2030 will reach between 55 and 60 billion tonnes. This has led some climate scientists to declare that staying below the 2℃ warming limit, and hence avoiding dangerous climate change, is impossible. But the evidence indicates that it is achievable, even without large-scale negative-emissions projects, such as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage. The Emissions Gap Report, published by the UN Environment Programme, analysed scenarios (情境) outlined in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It found 16 scenarios that resulted in a 50 to 66 percent chance of avoiding warming beyond 2℃. These paths do not rely on future large-scale technologies to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Instead, they are based on steady and reasonable emission cuts beginning in 2010 and continuing without major delay. These require annual emissions to drop from the current 50 to 53 billion tonnes to 36 billion by 2030, 27 billion by 2050, and 14 billion by 2100. This is technically possible, even if it needs more action. Governments recognise the gap between present commitments and an emissions pathway that avoids dangerous climate change. It is likely that the Paris Agreement will initiate a process through which governments will scale up their emission-cut efforts, acknowledging that what is on the table now should be a floor, not a ceiling, for reductions. Therefore, climate scientists should help governments and the public understand what must be done to have a reasonable chance of staying below 2℃ instead of spreading doubt. 8. What is some climate scientists’ attitude to staying below the 2℃ warming limit? A. Tolerant. B. Favorable. C. Optimistic. D. Pessimistic. 9. Why does the author mention the Emissions Gap Report? A. To illustrate a crucial scientific concept. B. To emphasize the target is unacceptable. C. To argue against some scientists’ view. D. To highlight the impact of climate change. 10. What should governments do based on the Paris Agreement? A. Make more efforts to cut emissions. B. Rely on large-scale technologies. C. Delay emissions cuts until 2050. D. Sign a new contract among countries. 11. What is the author’s opinion on dangerous climate change? A. It is quite easy to address. B. It is subject to advances in technology. C. It is an unsolvable problem. D. It is avoidable with the right approach. D A team of scientists, led by Marco Zorzi at the University of Padua in Italy, has discovered that an artificial brain can teach itself to estimate the number of objects in an image without counting them directly. This ability is similar to a natural skill shown by humans and animals, such as fish and lions. The computer model was not preprogrammed with numerical capabilities. Instead, it learned by examining many images and finding patterns on its own. “It answers the question of how numerosity emerges without teaching anything about numbers in the first place,” said Zorzi. The skill in question is known as approximate number sense, or ANS. A simple test of ANS involves looking at two groups of spots on a page and intuitively (凭直觉) knowing which has more dots, even though you have not counted them. For example, fish rely on this ability to choose the larger group to swim with, which increases their safety. To investigate ANS, Zorzi and his coworker Ivilin Stoianov used a computerised neural (神经的) network that responds to images and generates new ones based on learned rules. The software included several layers, similar to how the human visual system works. The first layer responded to simple visual details, while deeper layers processed more complex information. The pair fed the network 51,800 images, each containing up to 32 rectangles (矩形) of varying sizes. When Zorzi and Stoianov analyzed the network’s behaviour, they discovered a subset of neurons in the deepest layer that fired more often as the number of objects in the image decreased. This suggested that the network had learned to estimate the number of objects in each image as part of its rules for generating images. This behaviour was independent of the total surface area of the objects, emphasising that the neurons were detecting number. This discovery could help researchers understand dyscalculia, a condition that makes learning basic math very difficult for some people. It may also open up possibilities for AI in fields like robotics and computer vision, where fast estimation is often needed. 12. The computer model in the study develops a sense of numerosity through ________. A. counting objects B. preset number rules C. observing images D. updated information 13. How do fish benefit from ANS? A. They establish a natural habitat. B. They escape danger and stay safe. C. They can swim in deep waters. D. They can attack enemies quietly. 14. What can we infer about the finding? A. It will lower the cost of robots. B. It may offer a cure for diseases. C. It will enhance higher education. D. It may enhance AI’s performance. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. The Role of Neural Networks in Robots B. AI and Its Impacts on Learning Numbers C. An Artificial Brain Learns Number Sense D. ANS Poses a Challenge to Human Beings 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The concept of so-called “biorhythms”, or periods of 23, 28, and 33 days is all over social media. ___16___. But it’s essentially nonsense. The idea behind so-called “biorhythms” is that over the course of month-long periods, your physical, emotional, and intellectual states are up and down, so you should adjust your personal schedule and act when each of them is at the top of one of its cycles. This thinking dictates (使人相信) that you are productive only on certain days in a month and it gives you permission to relax when you perceive yourself to be on the low end of these so-called rhythms. ___17___: If you’re patiently waiting for a biorhythm to peak, your responsibilities and tasks can add up, which will leave you with a bunch of stuff to do — and much of it, left alone for so long, will likely become urgent. Scientists have looked into this and proven it wrong, but the enduring belief in this phenomenon has led to some money grabs when some people try to sell you products that seemingly can help you control your own biorhythms to maximize your energy, productivity, and happiness. Now, you might have heard of circadian rhythms (昼夜节律) and assumed biorhythms are roughly the same thing. ___18___. According to the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, circadian rhythms are physical, mental, and behavioral changes that flow along a day-long cycle and they’re influenced by light and dark. There’s a whole science behind it, which amounts to this: ___19___, since your body sleeps at night, and you will be awake in daylight to get stuff done, ideally feeling alert. ___20___. You’ll be more productive if you get consistent and good sleep. You don’t need to track peaks or subscribe to apps to master this. Instead, focus on getting quality sleep and maximizing what you are doing during those precious daylight hours. A. The problem is obvious B. In fact, they’re quite different C. You get tired when it gets dark D. You should take a break when you feel tired E. You might think there’s some science behind it F. So-called “biorhythms” aren’t real, but circadian rhythms are G. There are, however, other ways to track your peaks in productivity 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Middle school is a rough period of life for many of us. And it can feel like the end of the world if we’re the ____21____ of the school’s bullies (校霸). Jennifer knew this ____22____ all too well. When she was in middle school, her classmates made fun of her social awkwardness and ____23____ clothes. Then the bullying reached a totally new level in seventh grade when three girls started ____24____ her almost every day. Jennifer didn’t know what to do to ____25____ herself. So, she would cry on the bus most days on the way home from school and her grades ____26____. But a (n) ____27____ help came to her rescue a few days into eighth grade. One day, Jennifer was in the locker room, and she was by herself because she had waited for everyone else to leave so she could change in private. Just then, she heard a ____28____. It was the new girl who had just moved to Jennifer’s class. “I was told that you’ve been threatened by the three girls,” she said. “Is that ____29____?” Jennifer was so scared that she began to ____30____. “What are you crying about?” the girl asked sharply. That pushed Jennifer over the edge and told her the whole story. A long silence followed after Jennifer ____31____. “Don’t ____32____,” the girl said gently. “I’ll tell them to stop.” When Jennifer looked up, the girl was gone, and the bullies never targeted her again. Since then, Jennifer’s whole ____33____ of school changed. She was able to ____34____ her schoolwork and get better grades. The future appeared ____35____, again. Best of all, the new girl became her best friend. 21. A. target B. friend C. example D. educator 22. A. risk B. responsibility C. feeling D. benefit 23. A. costly B. unfashionable C. pretty D. warm 24. A. helping B. comforting C. paying D. attacking 25. A. defend B. enjoy C. teach D. accept 26. A. ended B. suffered C. disappeared D. improved 27. A. occasional B. potential C. unexpected D. unappreciated 28. A. song B. story C. fight D. voice 29. A. fun B. true C. fair D. silly 30. A. cry B. dance C. apologize D. shout 31. A. left B. moved C. argued D. finished 32. A. go B. obey C. worry D. complain 33. A. experience B. expectation C. theory D. dream 34. A. refer to B. carry on C. respond to D. concentrate on 35. A. dark B. promising C. distant D. threatening 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of cultural shocks. For example, I still remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, ____36____ (sit) me in an armchair in her apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, ____37____ (especial) those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, ____38____ through food and over-concern. It took me ____39____ while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it rude and bossy when she told me, “Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I started to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when some Chinese are becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical ____40____ (need), urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When Li ____41____ (press) me to have another mouthful of meat, I know she is offering me something ____42____ is similar to a hug, since food in China can mean many things. In China, food is also an art. It transforms natural raw materials into numerous forms and creates a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen. It is finding ways ____43____ (generate) delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the head of a fish. It is an expression of human wisdom and ____44____ (create). Above all, it is what connects ____45____ (we). 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 你班将在下周英语课上开展题为“How to Make Good Use of Online Resources in Our Study”的讨论活动。请你准备一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1．网上学习资源的使用现状； 2．你的看法。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, dear fellow students! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening! 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lily was a member of her school’s volunteer group. The city’s old people’s home would hold a weekend charity party, and everyone expected Lily to take charge of the performance. But recently she was in low spirits. She forgot several key tasks, her plans kept going wrong, and she often looked absent-minded at group meetings. Her partners felt quite confused and worried. “What is going on with you, Lily?” asked Anna, the group leader, one day. “We are all depending on you!” “I’m terribly sorry,” Lily said, hanging her head low. “I will pull myself together and catch up.” But no matter how hard she tried, she could not focus on her work. It turned out that Lily’s grandma had fallen ill days before. Her parents were busy on business trips, so Lily had to look after her grandma alone after school — preparing meals, doing housework and reminding her grandma to take medicine on time. She hardly had time for her homework, not to mention the volunteer preparation. One afternoon, after a long tiring day at school, Lily hurried home, only to find her grandma having a bad headache and coughing weakly. She got the medicine ready in a hurry and sat down beside the bed, feeling completely worn out. Just then, the doorbell rang. To her great surprise, all her volunteer group members stood outside the door. “We followed you because we sensed something was wrong,” Anna stepped forward and explained softly. “Have you been looking after your grandma all these days by yourself?” Lily nodded, with tears welling up in her eyes. “We had no idea you were going through so much. You should have told us earlier. We are a team, and we should take good care of ourselves while helping others,” Anna said gently. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After knowing the truth, the group members immediately took action to help. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of the charity party, Lily and her group gave a wonderful performance. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $