Unit8 知识点+语法+练习2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案以“文学世界”为主题，围绕语言能力与文化意识培养，通过“词汇句型积累—文本深度解读—语法规则应用—综合写作输出”的课时递进设计，将Welcome to the unit、Reading、Grammar等模块任务关联，构建从基础到综合的完整学习路径。 亮点在于“戏剧续写”项目式学习设计，学生需运用单元短语句型及if/unless条件句等语法知识，完成戏剧片段续写任务，在分析文本逻辑与角色情感中培养思维品质。资料包含结构化知识点梳理、典型例题解析及多样化练习，既支持学生系统掌握文学相关语言知识，又为教师实施单元复习提供针对性教学指导。

Unit 8 The world of literature 知识点 重要短语句型： 1. 靠着...生长... _____________________________________________ 2. 说起做某事 ______________________________________ 3. ...的夜晚 ____________________________________________ 4. 投入 _____________________________________________ 5. 从容不迫，慢慢来 ___________________________________________ 6. 一个关于...的故事 ______________________________________ 7. 出现在门口 ______________________________ 8. 赶快，急忙（做某事） ________________________________ 9. 有意义，讲得通 __________________________________ 10. 与...有关 _____________________________________ 11. 它看起来如此...以至于... _____________________________________________ 12. 听起来像... ______________________________________ 13. 不是来自...而是来自... ______________________________________ 14. 它让某人想要做某事 ______________________________________ 15. 最喜欢哪种文学体裁 ________________________________ 16. 用完，耗尽（主语通常是某物） ________________________________ 17. 用完，耗尽（主语通常是人） ______________________________________ 18. 生动的人物和精彩的情节 ______________________________________ 19. 反复诵读 ______________________________________ 20. 领略它的真正内涵 ______________________________________ 21. 错过语言的美和力量 ________________________________________ 22. 胜过一切 ________________________________________ 23. 世间欢愉皆非我所爱 ______________________________________ 24. 无中不能生有 ____________________________________ 25. 不多也不少 ______________________________ 26. 对自然力量的敬畏 _______________________________ 27. 浓烈情感与自然意象 ________________________________ 28. 自然的重要意义 __________________________________ Welcome to the unit 1. Classic example典型范例 教材P107 [解析] classic adj. 最优秀的；典型的；典雅的 classic case意为“典型案例”， classic style意为“经典风格”。 > The Legend of the White Snake is a classic Chinese folk tale, well-known in Jiangsu. 《白蛇传》是中国经典民间故事，在江苏家喻户晓。 > This was a classic case of what not to do. 这是一个典型的不该做什么的例子。 [拓展] classic 名词，意为“经典作品；名著；杰作；优秀的典范”。 modern classics意为“现代名著”。 > A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic of Chinese literature. 《红楼梦》是中国文学的经典之作。 > The professor s reply was a classic. 教授的回答很经典。 classical 形容词，意为“古典的”， classicist 名词，意为“古典学者；古典主义者”。 [语境串记] The classicist has a deep love for classical Chinese literature and art. 这位古典主义者深爱中国古典文学与艺术。 2. Yes, it's often hard to understand a poem at first, but if you take your time, you'll find the beauty in it. 是啊，诗歌通常一开始很难理解，但如果你慢慢品读，就会发现其中的美。 教材P107 [解析] take one's time 从容不迫，慢慢来 take one's time over sth. 在某事上磨蹭 take one's time (in) _______ sth. 做某事慢条斯理 > You can take your time. 你可以慢慢来。 > Tourists can take their time enjoying the beautiful views of Suzhou gardens. 游客们可以慢慢欣赏苏州园林的美景。 [链接]含take的动词短语总结： take apart拆卸，拆散 take away消除，解除 take down写下；记录 take in吸入；欺骗 take off起飞；脱下 take on呈现 take over占上风；接替 take up占用(时间);占据(空间) > Reporters took down every word of his speech. 记者把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。 > She took me in completely with her story. 她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。 Reading 1. It doesn't make any sense. 这根本讲不通。 教材P108 [解析] make sense有意义，讲得通 make no sense 意为“毫无意义；讲不通” make sense of sth. 意为“理解、弄懂某事” > The plan makes sense. 这个计划合理。 > It is hard to make sense of some ancient rules in the city. 很难理解这座城市的一些古老规定。 [拓展] common sense意为“常识” have a sense of ... 意为“有...感” > Many students in Suzhou have a sense of pride in their beautiful gardens. 苏州许多学生对美丽的园林有自豪感。 2. What does an old tree have to do with you? 一棵老树和你有什么关系? 教材P108 [解析] have (...) to do with与...有 have something to do with与...有 have anything to do with与...有任何关系(多用于否定句、疑问句) have nothing to do with与...毫无关系 > The art of paper-cutting has something to do with Yangzhou's traditional culture. 剪纸艺术与扬州传统文化有关。 > This story has nothing to do with the history of Nanjing. 这个故事与南京历史无关。 [例] Cecilia decided to wear a red dress since she believed it has _____ to do with her confidence. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing 3. Are there such fools? 有这样的傻瓜吗? 教材P109 [解析] fool n. 傻瓜 fool在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 make a fool of sb. 意为“愚弄某人” > He's such a fool to believe that lie. 他居然信那种谎话，真是个傻瓜。 [拓展] fool 动词，意为“欺骗；愚弄”。 fool sb. 意为“欺骗某人” fool sb. into __________ sth. 意为“哄骗某人做某事” > You fooled me into believing their promises. 你骗得我相信了他们的承诺。 foolish 形容词，意为“愚蠢的” > It would be foolish to ignore her advice. 不听她的劝告才傻呢。 4. ... but he has never actually started it. ...从未真正开始。 教材P111 [解析] actually adv. 事实上，的确 actually在句中作状语，位置灵活，可在句首、句中或句末。 actually+整个句子 意为“事实上…” > Actually, Yangzhou paper-cutting has a long history. 事实上，扬州剪纸历史悠久。 > Many people think it is easy, but it actually needs lots of practice. 很多人觉得简单，但它实际上需要大量练习。 [拓展] actual 形容词，意为“真实的；实际的” [语境串记] The actual skill is great. Actually, all visitors love it. 真实的技艺十分精湛。事实上，所有游客都很喜欢。 Grammar 1. If you ... to be a writer, you ... widely and often. 如果你...成为一名作家，你广泛且经常... 教材P112 [解析] widely adv. 普遍地，广泛地 widely在句中可作状语，修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 read widely广泛阅读； widely different大不相同； be widely used被广泛使用。 > Yangzhou fried rice is widely loved across China. 扬州炒饭在中国广受喜爱。 > The term is widely used in everyday speech. 这个术语在日常用语中被广泛使用。 > The idea is now widely accepted. 这个思想现在已获得普遍接受。 > He was not widely known outside China. 他在中国以外并不广为人知。 [辨析] wide 形容词，意为“宽的” 具体宽度(可测量) 副词，意为“充分地” 指嘴巴、眼睛、门、路等实际张开/变宽 widely 副词，意为“广泛地；普遍地” 抽象范围的广度或认知的普遍性， 指使用、传播、知道、接受等范围广 [一言辨异] The door is wide open and this style is widely used in old Suzhou houses. 门大大地敞开着，这种样式在苏州老房子里被广泛使用。 [例] Scientists are discussing how AI technology is _______ used in our daily lives. It has made many changes in some ways. A. highly B. simply C. hardly D. widely 2.Unless we run out of time 除非我们没时间了 教材P114 [解析] run out of用完，耗尽 run out of后必须接宾语(即被耗尽的物品),不可单独使用，主语通常是人。 run out of money花光钱； run out of time用完时间； run out of energy耗尽体力； run out of food/water吃完食物/喝完水。 > Many tourists run out of money when shopping in Suzhou. 很多游客在苏州购物时花光了钱。 [辨析] run out run out of _____ run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是某物， 表示“某物用完了”，用主动语态表示被动意义 _____ run out of _____ 意为“用完…”,是及物动词短语，其主语只能是人， of后跟某物，表示“某人用完某物” [一言辨异] > We ran out of water during the hike, and soon our patience ran out too. 徒步旅行期间我们用完了水，很快我们的耐心也耗尽了。 > We ran out of time, so our chance ran out. 我们用完了时间，于是我们的机会耗尽了。 Grammar 1. if引导的条件状语从句 (1)概念：条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。 if意为“如果；假如”，表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 (2)时态： a.表示“如果从句的动作发生，主句的动作才会发生”， 主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时(“主将从现”原则). > If he runs, he'll get there in time. 如果他跑的话，他将会及时到那儿。 b. if从句用一般现在时， 主句也可以是含有may/might/can/must/should等情态动词的句子或是祈使句。 > - When shall we leave here? 我们要什么时候离开这儿? - If it stops snowing, we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 (3)位置： if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前，又可放在主句之后。 当从句置于主句之前时，常用逗号将其与主句隔开。 > You will catch the bus if you get up early. = If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的话，就会赶上公交车。 [例] 1. - We will carry out the survey as we planned _______ it doesn't rain tomorrow. - You needn't worry about the weather. It will be sunny tomorrow. A. until B. if C. since D. when 2. - What's Cindy's weekend plan? - If it doesn't rain, she ______ a trip to the Great Wall with her cousin. A. takes B. took C. will take D. is taken 2. unless引导的条件状语从句 (1) 含义： unless,连词，意为“除非”，含有否定意义， 相当于“if... not"，表示在特定条件下才决定做或不做某件事。 > She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. = She will keep on singing if she is not told to stop. 她会一直唱下去，除非有人叫她停止。 (2)时态： 主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含情态动词时， unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。 > Don t touch the instruments unless the teacher allows you. 除非老师允许，否则你不要碰这些器械。 > Unless you know the word, you may look it up in a dictionary. 除非你认识这个单词，不然你可以查字典。 [例] 1. You may not pass the swimming exam ______ you practise as much as possible. A. because B. unless C. if D. since 2. - Mum, can I go camping with my friends this Sunday afternoon? - No, unless your homework A. was finished B. finishes C. is finished D. will be finished Integration 1. All other joys are my enemy 世间所有欢愉皆非我所爱 P115 [解析] enemy n. 敌人 enemy在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 _____ enemy of... 意为“…的敌人” make _____ enemy of sb. 意为“与某人结仇” > Frogs are natural enemies of pests in the fields. 青蛙是农田里害虫的天敌。 > He made an enemy of his boss. 他与老板结了仇。 2. Finally, good literature has lasting values. 最后，优秀的文学作品具有持久的价值。 教材P116 [解析] lasting adj. 持久的 lasting friendship 长久的友谊； lasting peace 持久的和平； lasting beauty 永恒之美； lasting influence 深远影响。 > We hope to build a lasting friendship with friends in Yangzhou. 我们希望和扬州的朋友们建立长久的友谊。 [拓展] last 动词，意为“持续；延续”； last 限定词，意为“最后的”。 [语境串记] The meeting will last three hours. and we will discuss the last question at the end. 会议将持续三个小时，最后我们会讨论最后一个问题。 3. It tells a story about love, loss and personal growth. 它讲述了一个关于爱、失去与个人成长的故事。 教材P117 [解析] loss n. 失去：损失 loss在句中可作主语或宾语。 the loss of... 意为“...的失去” suffer a loss意为“遭受损失” > It was a great loss for the team. 这对团队来说是一个巨大的损失。 > The loss of his money worried him. 丢钱这件事使他发愁。 [拓展] lose 动词，意为“丢失；输掉” lost 形容词，意为“丢失的；迷路的” lose one's way = get lost 意为“迷路” > I lost my wallet yesterday. 我昨天弄丢了我的钱包。 > He is hunting for his lost book. 他正在寻找他丢失的书。 [例] The ______ of hearing didn't stop Beethoven from being a great musician. A. loss B. cause C. truth D. symbol 4. Julie's neighbour and classmate, Emily, shows up at the door. 朱莉的邻居兼同班同学埃米莉上门来访。 教材P117 [解析] show up出现，露面 show up后面不加宾语。 show up + 地点/场合 意为“在...出现” > She promised to come, but she didn't show up at last. 她答应来的，最后却没出现。 > He didn't show up at the meeting. 他没来开会。 [链接]含show的动词短语总结: show off 炫耀；卖弄 show the way 指路 show sb. around sp. 带某人参观某地 show interest in 对...表现出兴趣 show respect for sb. 对某人表示尊敬 show one's love 表达某人的爱意 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物；向某人展示某物 > He likes to show off how well he speaks French. 他喜欢向人卖弄他法语讲得有多好。 5. There's a knock at the door, and Julie's mum enters. 传来敲门声，朱莉的妈妈走了进来。 教材P118 [解析] knock n. 敲门声，敲击声 a knock at the door意为“敲门声” > There was a knock at the window. 有人敲了一下窗户。 [拓展] knock动词，意为“敲；击；打” knock at/on the door 敲门 knock into sb. 撞到某人身上 knock down 撞倒，拆毁 knock over 打倒，撞倒 > I heard a knock and went to knock back. 我听到一声敲门声，就走过去回敲了一下。 6. Hurry up, Julie. or you'll be late for school. 快点，朱莉，不然你上学要迟到了。 教材P118 [解析] hurry up赶快，急忙(做某事) hurry up由“hurry(动词)+ up(副词)”构成，强调动作紧迫性，语气直接，常用于祈使句。 > Hurry up, or we will be late for the show in Nanjing. 快点，否则我们赶不上南京的演出了。 [拓展] hurry 动词，意为“赶紧；匆忙”。 hurry to+地点 意为“匆忙赶往某地” hurry _____ ______ sth. 意为“匆忙去做某事” > He hurried to finish his homework before going to Nanjing. 他赶在去南京前勿忙完成作业。 > I hurried home to tell her the news. 我急忙回家告诉她这个消息。 hurry 名词，意为“匆忙；急忙”。 in a hurry 意为“匆忙；急于”， in no hurry意为“不着急；不匆忙”。 > There is no hurry-we can enjoy the West Lake slowly.不用急—我们可以慢慢欣赏西湖。 7. The doorbell rings. 门铃响了 教材P118 [解析] ring vi. 发出铃声 ring在此处作不及物动词，后面不直接跟宾语。表示此意时，过去式rang,过去分词rung. > The bell rang loudly. 铃声大声响起。 [拓展] ring作动词，还意为“(使)发出钟声，给...打电话”。 ring the bell 意为“按铃；敲钟” ring sb. (up) 意为“给某人打电话” > The church bells rang. 教堂的钟声响了。 > I need to ring my friend up in Yangzhou and invite her to the West Lake scenic area. 我要给扬州的朋友打电话，邀请她去西湖风景区。 ring作名词，意为“铃声；戒指：指环；圆形；环状物“。 wear a ring 意为“戴戒指”。 > I gave her a ring as a gift. 我送了她一枚戒指作为礼物。 【写作】如何续写戏剧作品 1.常用写作短语 (1) walk up to...走向... (2) in a low voice低声地 (3) feel worried感到担心 (4) look at ...with tears in one's eyes眼含泪水看着... (5) after a while过了一会儿 (6) ask in surprise惊讶地问 (7) nod with a smile微笑点头 (8) in the end最后 2.常用写作句型 (1) My mum thinks that... (2) I miss my old home because ... (3) ...appeared from behind the door. (4) What I miss most about my old home is.. (5) Have you been to our city's park/swimming pool/cinema/tea shop/.... (6) Can I show you around the city? (7) He/She walked up to ... and said... (8) Finally, they understood each other. 一、词语运用 A)根据中文提示写出单词。 1. You look upset today. Can you tell me what is the ______________(问题)? 2. Art is a ______________(镜子) that shows the beauty and sadness of our daily life. 3. Suddenly, a soft ______________(敲门声) at the door broke the quiet night. 4. No one wants to be seen as a ____________(傻瓜), so we should think carefully before we speak. 5. Will you answer the telephone if it _____________(发出铃声)? B)根据句意用所给词的正确形式填空。 last give lose enemy write 1. His great _______________ show deep love for his hometown and common people. 2. Brave people never fear their _________________ and always stick to their dreams. 3. Habits in early years may have a(n) __________________ influence on a person s later life. 4. If the boy ______________ another chance tomorrow, he will do it better. 5. The whole academic community felt sad about the ________________ of a great poet. 三、单项选择 1. Huai Opera is part of the local culture and it has a _______ value. A. coming B. lasting C. missing D. dividing 2. - Can I have another ice cream? - Jack, you may have a toothache ______ you eat too much sweet food. A. if B. though C. unless D. until 3. Today robots are used _______ in our daily life. They bring us great convenience. A. clearly B. luckily C. politely D. widely 4. - Do we really need to do warm-up exercises before running? - Of course! _______, you may get hurt. A. When you hurry B. Unless you do C. Although it's easy D. Because it helps 三、翻译句子 1.“这和你的失误有关吗”“是的，全是我的错。” - Does it ______________________________________________ your mistake? - Yes, it is all my fault. 2. 倘若持续劳作不休息，我们很快就会耗尽体力。 We _______________________________________________ if we keep working without a rest. 3. 快点行动，否则你会错过早班车，上学就要迟到了。 ____________________________________, or you will miss the early bus and be late for school. 4. 他没有在会议上露面，因此我们所有人都十分担心。 ____________________________________________ at the meeting, so we all felt very worried. 四、根据短文内容和首字母提示，写出一个完整、正确的单词 It was a cold, rainy Monday morning. By the time I got to the classroom, my shoes were full of water, and I was tired and unhappy. When I walked into the classroom, I noticed something on my desk. It was a small paper box, carefully folded (折叠), 1.w_______________ my name written on it. I looked around but no one seemed to 2.n________________ me. I slowly opened the box. 3.1______________ were a chocolate bar and a note: "Hope today gets better!" At first, I thought the teacher had left it. But she looked just as 4.s_______________ as I was. I asked the students sitting near me, but they all said no. I watched my classmates' faces, in the 5.h_____________, that someone would smile or give me a sign. But no one said a word. At lunch, I sat with my friend Maya. "Someone gave me this," I said, showing her the note. She read it and smiled, "Looks like you have a 6.s______________ friend." "Maybe," I smiled. Outside the window, the rain was still falling, butsome how it didn't feel so 7.h_____________ anymore. The next day, I prepared three small paper boxes with candies inside. I quietly placed them on three desks 8.b____________ class began. I didn't write my name on them. I just wanted someone else to smile like I did. I never found out who gave me that gift, but the 9.m___________ has stayed with me ever since. It taught me that even a small act of kindness can make a big 10.d____________, especially on a rainy day. 五、阅读理解 Characters Nasrettin: a wise man Berna: the servant(仆人) Ahmet: a guest Serkan: the host Narrator: a person who tells a story. Narrator: One day, Nasrettin saw a goat making a mess in a kitchen. He helped the owner catch it and then hurried to a dinner. He arrived at the home of his rich friend in his worn out coat. He was also dirty and smelly. Serkan: [quite surprised by his friend's shabby (衣衫褴褛的) appearance] Nasrettin, come in. My servant will seat you. Berna: [sniffing (嗅) the smelly coat] Follow me to the far end of the table, sir. Ahmet: It is Nasrettin, at the end of the table. He keeps trying to start a conversation, but who wants to talk to such a shabby man? Nasrettin: [saying to himself] Each of my friends wears his best coat, while I sit here. alone and hungry, in my worn-out coat-dirty and smelly. I'd rather go home. Narrator: So, Nasrettin left quickly on his grey donkey. At home, he bathed in hot water, washed himself clean, and dressed in a shining silk coat. Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to his rich friend's home. Serkan: [smiling] Welcome, my friend. Servant, seat Nasrettin at the best place and serve him our finest food and drink at once! Ahmet: [smiling at Nasrettin] What a fine coat you are wearing! Berna: Some nice lamb chops, sir? Nasrettin: Thank you. [putting the lamb chop inside his coat] Eat. Eat, coat! Berna: May I serve you delicious fried fish, sir? Nasrettin; Yes. thank you. [opening his coat to put in food] Eat. Eat, coat! Serkan: Old friend. why are you feeding your coat? Nasrettin: You surely wanted my coat to eat. When I first got here, with my worn-out coat, there was no food for me. Yet when I returned in this new coat, there was every kind of food. This means it was the coat, not me, that you invited to your dinner. Serkan: How foolish I am! Nasrettin: Remember, my friend, a fine coat does not make a man. Many a good man may be found in a shabby coat. Serkan: Let us celebrate your wisdom. 1. Why did Nasrettin leave the dinner at first? A. He felt sick from the smell of the goat. B. He didn't like the taste of the food there. C. He wasn't welcome because of his clothes. D. He needed to care for his little grey donkey. 2. How did people treat Nasrettin after he came back? A. They admired his kindness a lot. B. They were angry that he returned. C. They showed great respect to him. D. They worried he came to cause trouble. 3. What is the correct order of the play? a. Serkan realized his foolish behaviour. b. The servant seated Nasrettin far away. c. Serkan asked Nasrettin why he fed his coat. d. Nasrettin went back to the dinner in new clothes. A. bdca B. cbad C. cdba D. dabe 4. What does the play tell us? A. It is better late than never. B. Don't judge a book by its cover. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Welcome to the unit 1. Classic example典型范例 教材P107 [解析] classic adj. 最优秀的；典型的；典雅的 classic case意为“典型案例”， classic style意为“经典风格”。 > The Legend of the White Snake is a classic Chinese folk tale, well-known in Jiangsu. 《白蛇传》是中国经典民间故事，在江苏家喻户晓。 > This was a classic case of what not to do. 这是一个典型的不该做什么的例子。 [拓展] classic 名词，意为“经典作品；名著；杰作；优秀的典范”。 modern classics意为“现代名著”。 > A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic of Chinese literature. 《红楼梦》是中国文学的经典之作。 > The professor s reply was a classic. 教授的回答很经典。 classical 形容词，意为“古典的”， classicist 名词，意为“古典学者；古典主义者”。 [语境串记] The classicist has a deep love for classical Chinese literature and art. 这位古典主义者深爱中国古典文学与艺术。 2. Yes, it's often hard to understand a poem at first, but if you take your time, you'll find the beauty in it. 是啊，诗歌通常一开始很难理解，但如果你慢慢品读，就会发现其中的美。 教材P107 [解析] take one's time 从容不迫，慢慢来 take one's time over sth. 在某事上磨蹭 take one's time (in) doing sth. 做某事慢条斯理 > You can take your time. 你可以慢慢来。 > Tourists can take their time enjoying the beautiful views of Suzhou gardens. 游客们可以慢慢欣赏苏州园林的美景。 [链接]含take的动词短语总结： take apart拆卸，拆散 take away消除，解除 take down写下；记录 take in吸入；欺骗 take off起飞；脱下 take on呈现 take over占上风；接替 take up占用(时间);占据(空间) > Reporters took down every word of his speech. 记者把他讲的每一句话都记录了下来。 > She took me in completely with her story. 她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。 Reading 1. It doesn't make any sense. 这根本讲不通。 教材P108 [解析] make sense有意义，讲得通 make no sense 意为“毫无意义；讲不通”； make sense of sth. 意为“理解、弄懂某事” > The plan makes sense. 这个计划合理。 > It is hard to make sense of some ancient rules in the city. 很难理解这座城市的一些古老规定。 [拓展] common sense意为“常识”， have a sense of ... 意为“有...感”。 > Many students in Suzhou have a sense of pride in their beautiful gardens. 苏州许多学生对美丽的园林有自豪感。 2. What does an old tree have to do with you? 一棵老树和你有什么关系? 教材P108 [解析] have (...) to do with与...有 have something to do with与...有 have anything to do with与...有任何关系(多用于否定句、疑问句) have nothing to do with与...毫无关系 > The art of paper-cutting has something to do with Yangzhou's traditional culture. 剪纸艺术与扬州传统文化有关。 > This story has nothing to do with the history of Nanjing. 这个故事与南京历史无关。 [例] Cecilia decided to wear a red dress since she believed it has _____ to do with her confidence. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing 点拨：句意：塞西莉雅决定穿一件红色连衣裙。因为她相信这和她的信心有关。everything一切； something某事； anything任何事情；nothing没有什么。 答案： B [解题方法：句意分析法] 3. Are there such fools? 有这样的傻瓜吗? 教材P109 [解析] fool n. 傻瓜 fool在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 make a fool of sb. 意为“愚弄某人” > He s such a fool to believe that lie. 他居然信那种谎话，真是个傻瓜。 [拓展] fool 动词，意为“欺骗；愚弄”。 fool sb. 意为“欺骗某人” fool sb. into doing sth. 意为“哄骗某人做某事” > You fooled me into believing their promises. 你骗得我相信了他们的承诺。 foolish 形容词，意为“愚蠢的” > It would be foolish to ignore her advice. 不听她的劝告才傻呢。 4. ... but he has never actually started it. ...从未真正开始。 教材P111 [解析] actually adv. 事实上，的确 actually在句中作状语，位置灵活，可在句首、句中或句末。 Actually+整个句子 意为“事实上…” > Actually, Yangzhou paper-cutting has a long history. 事实上，扬州剪纸历史悠久。 > Many people think it is easy, but it actually needs lots of practice. 很多人觉得简单，但它实际上需要大量练习。 [拓展] actual 形容词，意为“真实的；实际的” [语境串记] The actual skill is great. Actually, all visitors love it. 真实的技艺十分精湛。事实上，所有游客都很喜欢。 Grammar 1. If you ... to be a writer, you ... widely and often. 如果你...成为一名作家，你广泛且经常... 教材P112 [解析] widely adv. 普遍地，广泛地 widely在句中可作状语，修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 read widely广泛阅读； widely different大不相同； be widely used被广泛使用。 > Yangzhou fried rice is widely loved across China. 扬州炒饭在中国广受喜爱。 > The term is widely used in everyday speech. 这个术语在日常用语中被广泛使用。 > The idea is now widely accepted. 这个思想现在已获得普遍接受。 > He was not widely known outside China. 他在中国以外并不广为人知。 [辨析] wide 形容词，意为“宽的” 具体宽度(可测量) 副词，意为“充分地” 指嘴巴、眼睛、门、路等实际张开/变宽 widely 副词，意为“广泛地；普遍地” 抽象范围的广度或认知的普遍性， 指使用、传播、知道、接受等范围广 [一言辨异] The door is wide open and this style is widely used in old Suzhou houses. 门大大地敞开着，这种样式在苏州老房子里被广泛使用。 [例] Scientists are discussing how AI technology is _______ used in our daily lives. It has made many changes in some ways. A. highly B. simply C. hardly D. widely 点拨：句意：科学家们正在讨论人工智能技术如何在我们的日常生活中得到广泛应用。 它在某些方面做出了许多改变。highly高度地；simply仅仅；hardly几乎不；widely广 泛地。 答案： D [解题方法：词义辨析法] 2.Unless we run out of time 除非我们没时间了 教材P114 [解析] run out of用完，耗尽 run out of后必须接宾语(即被耗尽的物品),不可单独使用，主语通常是人。 run out of money花光钱； run out of time用完时间； run out of energy耗尽体力； run out of food/water吃完食物/喝完水。 > Many tourists run out of money when shopping in Suzhou. 很多游客在苏州购物时花光了钱。 [辨析] run out run out of sth. run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是某物， 表示“某物用完了”，用主动语态表示被动意义 sb. run out of sth. 意为“用完…”,是及物动词短语，其主语只能是人， of后跟某物，表示“某人用完某物” [一言辨异] > We ran out of water during the hike, and soon our patience ran out too. 徒步旅行期间我们用完了水，很快我们的耐心也耗尽了。 > We ran out of time, so our chance ran out. 我们用完了时间，于是我们的机会耗尽了。 Grammar 1.if引导的条件状语从句 (1)概念：条件状语从句在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件。 if意为“如果；假如”，表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。 (2)时态： a.表示“如果从句的动作发生，主句的动作才会发生”， 主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时(“主将从现”原则). > If he runs, he'll get there in time. 如果他跑的话，他将会及时到那儿。 b. if从句用一般现在时， 主句也可以是含有may/might/can/must/should等情态动词的句子或是祈使句。 > - When shall we leave here? 我们要什么时候离开这儿? - If it stops snowing, we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 (3)位置： if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前，又可放在主句之后。 当从句置于主句之前时，常用逗号将其与主句隔开。 > You will catch the bus if you get up early. = If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的话，就会赶上公交车。 [例] 1. - We will carry out the survey as we planned _______ it doesn't rain tomorrow. - You needn't worry about the weather. It will be sunny tomorrow. A. until B. if C. since D. when 点拨：句意：“如果明天不下雨，我们将按计划进行调查。”“你不必担心天气。明天将是睛天。“until直到； if如果； since因为； when当...时。 答案： B [解题方法：句意分析法] 2. - What's Cindy's weekend plan? - If it doesn't rain, she ______ a trip to the Great Wall with her cousin. A. takes B. took C. will take D. is taken 点拨：句意：“辛迪的周末计划是什么?""如果不下雨，她将会和她的表妹去长城旅行。” if引导的条件状语从句，从句为一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 答案： C [解题方法：语法判定法] 2. unless引导的条件状语从句 (1) 含义： unless,连词，意为“除非”，含有否定意义， 相当于“if... not"，表示在特定条件下才决定做或不做某件事。 > She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. = She will keep on singing if she is not told to stop. 她会一直唱下去，除非有人叫她停止。 (2) 时态： 主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含情态动词时， unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。 > Don t touch the instruments unless the teacher allows you. 除非老师允许，否则你不要碰这些器械。 > Unless you know the word, you may look it up in a dictionary. 除非你认识这个单词，不然你可以查字典。 [例] 1. You may not pass the swimming exam ______ you practise as much as possible. A. because B. unless C. if D. since 点拨：句意：除非你尽可能多地练习，否则你可能无法通过游泳考试。because因为； unless除非； if如果； since自从，既然。 答案： B [解题方法：句意分析法] 2. - Mum, can I go camping with my friends this Sunday afternoon? - No, unless your homework A. was finished B. finishes C. is finished D. will be finished 点拨：句意：“妈妈，这个星期天下午我能和我的朋友去野营吗?""不行，除非你的作业完成 了。”根据“unless your homework..."可知，指的是作业被完成，主语homework与动词finish是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则。 答案： C [解题方法：语法判定法] Integration 1. All other joys are my enemy 世间所有欢愉皆非我所爱 P115 [解析] enemy n. 敌人 enemy在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。 an enemy of... 意为“…的敌人” make an enemy of sb. 意为“与某人结仇” > Frogs are natural enemies of pests in the fields. 青蛙是农田里害虫的天敌。 > He made an enemy of his boss. 他与老板结了仇。 2. Finally, good literature has lasting values. 最后，优秀的文学作品具有持久的价值。 教材P116 [解析] lasting adj. 持久的 lasting friendship 长久的友谊； lasting peace 持久的和平； lasting beauty 永恒之美； lasting influence 深远影响。 > We hope to build a lasting friendship with friends in Yangzhou. 我们希望和扬州的朋友们建立长久的友谊。 [拓展] last 动词，意为“持续；延续”； last 限定词，意为“最后的”。 [语境串记] The meeting will last three hours. and we will discuss the last question at the end. 会议将持续三个小时，最后我们会讨论最后一个问题。 3. It tells a story about love, loss and personal growth. 它讲述了一个关于爱、失去与个人成长的故事。 教材P117 [解析] loss n. 失去：损失 loss在句中可作主语或宾语。 the loss of... 意为“...的失去” suffer a loss意为“遭受损失” > It was a great loss for the team. 这对团队来说是一个巨大的损失。 > The loss of his money worried him. 丢钱这件事使他发愁。 [拓展] lose 动词，意为“丢失；输掉”： lost 形容词，意为“丢失的；迷路的”。 lose one's way = get lost 意为“迷路” > I lost my wallet yesterday. 我昨天弄丢了我的钱包。 > He is hunting for his lost book. 他正在寻找他丢失的书。 [例] The ______ of hearing didn't stop Beethoven from being a great musician. A. loss B. cause C. truth D. symbol 点拨：句意：失去听力并没有阻止贝多芬成为一名伟大的音乐家。 loss失去； cause原因； truth真相； symbol象征。 答案： A [解题方法：词义辨析法] 4. Julie's neighbour and classmate, Emily, shows up at the door. 朱莉的邻居兼同班同学埃米莉上门来访。 教材P117 [解析] show up出现，露面 show up后面不加宾语。 show up + 地点/场合 意为“在...出现” > She promised to come, but she didn't show up at last. 她答应来的，最后却没出现。 > He didn't show up at the meeting. 他没来开会。 [链接]含show的动词短语总结: show off 炫耀；卖弄 show the way 指路 show sb. around sp. 带某人参观某地 show interest in 对...表现出兴趣 show respect for sb. 对某人表示尊敬 show one's love 表达某人的爱意 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物；向某人展示某物 > He likes to show off how well he speaks French. 他喜欢向人卖弄他法语讲得有多好。 5. There's a knock at the door, and Julie's mum enters. 传来敲门声，朱莉的妈妈走了进来。 教材P118 [解析] knock n. 敲门声，敲击声 a knock at the door意为“敲门声” > There was a knock at the window. 有人敲了一下窗户。 [拓展] knock动词，意为“敲；击；打” knock at/on the door 敲门 knock into sb. 撞到某人身上 knock down 撞倒，拆毁 knock over 打倒，撞倒 > I heard a knock and went to knock back. 我听到一声敲门声，就走过去回敲了一下。 6. Hurry up, Julie. or you'll be late for school. 快点，朱莉，不然你上学要迟到了。 教材P118 [解析] hurry up赶快，急忙(做某事) hurry up由“hurry(动词)+ up(副词)”构成，强调动作紧迫性，语气直接，常用于祈使句。 > Hurry up, or we will be late for the show in Nanjing. 快点，否则我们赶不上南京的演出了。 [拓展] hurry 动词，意为“赶紧；匆忙”。 hurry to+地点 意为“匆忙赶往某地”； hurry to do sth. 意为“匆忙去做某事”。 > He hurried to finish his homework before going to Nanjing. 他赶在去南京前勿忙完成作业。 > I hurried home to tell her the news. 我急忙回家告诉她这个消息。 hurry 名词，意为“匆忙；急忙”。 in a hurry 意为“匆忙；急于”， in no hurry意为“不着急；不匆忙”。 > There is no hurry-we can enjoy the West Lake slowly.不用急—我们可以慢慢欣赏西湖。 7. The doorbell rings. 门铃响了 教材P118 [解析] ring vi. 发出铃声 ring在此处作不及物动词，后面不直接跟宾语。表示此意时，过去式rang,过去分词rung. > The bell rang loudly. 铃声大声响起。 [拓展] ring作动词，还意为“(使)发出钟声，给...打电话”。 ring the bell意为“按铃；敲钟”， ring sb. (up)意为“给某人打电话”。 > The church bells rang. 教堂的钟声响了。 > I need to ring my friend up in Yangzhou and invite her to the West Lake scenic area. 我要给扬州的朋友打电话，邀请她去西湖风景区。 ring作名词，意为“铃声；戒指：指环；圆形；环状物“。 wear a ring 意为“戴戒指”。 > I gave her a ring as a gift. 我送了她一枚戒指作为礼物。 【写作】如何续写戏剧作品 1.常用写作短语 (1) walk up to...走向... (2) in a low voice低声地 (3) feel worried感到担心 (4) look at ...with tears in one's eyes眼含泪水看着... (5) after a while过了一会儿 (6) ask in surprise惊讶地问 (7) nod with a smile微笑点头 (8) in the end最后 2.常用写作句型 (1) My mum thinks that... (2) I miss my old home because ... (3) ...appeared from behind the door. (4) What I miss most about my old home is.. (5) Have you been to our city's park/swimming pool/cinema/tea shop/.... (6) Can I show you around the city? (7) He/She walked up to ... and said... (8) Finally, they understood each other. 一、词语运用 A)根据中文提示写出单词。 1. You look upset today. Can you tell me what is the ______________(问题)? 2. Art is a ______________(镜子) that shows the beauty and sadness of our daily life. 3. Suddenly, a soft ______________(敲门声) at the door broke the quiet night. 4. No one wants to be seen as a ____________(傻瓜), so we should think carefully before we speak. 5. Will you answer the telephone if it _____________(发出铃声)? B)根据句意用所给词的正确形式填空。 last give lose enemy write 1. His great _______________ show deep love for his hometown and common people. 2. Brave people never fear their _________________ and always stick to their dreams. 3. Habits in early years may have a(n) __________________ influence on a person s later life. 4. If the boy ______________ another chance tomorrow, he will do it better. 5. The whole academic community felt sad about the ________________ of a great poet. 三、单项选择 1. Huai Opera is part of the local culture and it has a _______ value. A. coming B. lasting C. missing D. dividing 2. - Can I have another ice cream? - Jack, you may have a toothache ______ you eat too much sweet food. A. if B. though C. unless D. until 3. Today robots are used _______ in our daily life. They bring us great convenience. A. clearly B. luckily C. politely D. widely 4. - Do we really need to do warm-up exercises before running? - Of course! _______, you may get hurt. A. When you hurry B. Unless you do C. Although it's easy D. Because it helps 三、翻译句子 1.“这和你的失误有关吗”“是的，全是我的错。” - Does it ______________________________________________ your mistake? - Yes, it is all my fault. 2. 倘若持续劳作不休息，我们很快就会耗尽体力。 We _______________________________________________ if we keep working without a rest. 3. 快点行动，否则你会错过早班车，上学就要迟到了。 ____________________________________, or you will miss the early bus and be late for school. 4. 他没有在会议上露面，因此我们所有人都十分担心。 ____________________________________________ at the meeting, so we all felt very worried. 四、根据短文内容和首字母提示，写出一个完整、正确的单词 It was a cold, rainy Monday morning. By the time I got to the classroom, my shoes were full of water, and I was tired and unhappy. When I walked into the classroom, I noticed something on my desk. It was a small paper box, carefully folded (折叠), 1.w_______________ my name written on it. I looked around but no one seemed to 2.n________________ me. I slowly opened the box. 3.1______________ were a chocolate bar and a note: "Hope today gets better!" At first, I thought the teacher had left it. But she looked just as 4.s_______________ as I was. I asked the students sitting near me, but they all said no. I watched my classmates' faces, in the 5.h_____________, that someone would smile or give me a sign. But no one said a word. At lunch, I sat with my friend Maya. "Someone gave me this," I said, showing her the note. She read it and smiled, "Looks like you have a 6.s______________ friend." "Maybe," I smiled. Outside the window, the rain was still falling, butsome how it didn't feel so 7.h_____________ anymore. The next day, I prepared three small paper boxes with candies inside. I quietly placed them on three desks 8.b____________ class began. I didn't write my name on them. I just wanted someone else to smile like I did. I never found out who gave me that gift, but the 9.m___________ has stayed with me ever since. It taught me that even a small act of kindness can make a big 10.d____________, especially on a rainy day. 五、阅读理解 Characters Nasrettin: a wise man Berna: the servant(仆人) Ahmet: a guest Serkan: the host Narrator: a person who tells a story. Narrator: One day, Nasrettin saw a goat making a mess in a kitchen. He helped the owner catch it and then hurried to a dinner. He arrived at the home of his rich friend in his worn out coat. He was also dirty and smelly. Serkan: [quite surprised by his friend's shabby (衣衫褴褛的) appearance] Nasrettin, come in. My servant will seat you. Berna: [sniffing (嗅) the smelly coat] Follow me to the far end of the table, sir. Ahmet: It is Nasrettin, at the end of the table. He keeps trying to start a conversation, but who wants to talk to such a shabby man? Nasrettin: [saying to himself] Each of my friends wears his best coat, while I sit here, alone and hungry, in my worn-out coat-dirty and smelly. I'd rather go home. Narrator: So, Nasrettin left quickly on his grey donkey. At home, he bathed in hot water, washed himself clean, and dressed in a shining silk coat. Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to his rich friend's home. Serkan: [smiling] Welcome, my friend. Servant, seat Nasrettin at the best place and serve him our finest food and drink at once! Ahmet: [smiling at Nasrettin] What a fine coat you are wearing! Berna: Some nice lamb chops, sir? Nasrettin: Thank you. [putting the lamb chop inside his coat] Eat. Eat, coat! Berna: May I serve you delicious fried fish, sir? Nasrettin: Yes, thank you. [opening his coat to put in food] Eat. Eat, coat! Serkan: Old friend. why are you feeding your coat? Nasrettin: You surely wanted my coat to eat. When I first got here, with my worn-out coat, there was no food for me. Yet when I returned in this new coat, there was every kind of food. This means it was the coat, not me, that you invited to your dinner. Serkan: How foolish I am! Nasrettin: Remember, my friend, a fine coat does not make a man. Many a good man may be found in a shabby coat. Serkan: Let us celebrate your wisdom. 1. Why did Nasrettin leave the dinner at first? A. He felt sick from the smell of the goat. B. He didn't like the taste of the food there. C. He wasn't welcome because of his clothes. D. He needed to care for his little grey donkey. 2. How did people treat Nasrettin after he came back? A. They admired his kindness a lot. B. They were angry that he returned. C. They showed great respect to him. D. They worried he came to cause trouble. 3. What is the correct order of the play? a. Serkan realized his foolish behaviour. b. The servant seated Nasrettin far away. c. Serkan asked Nasrettin why he fed his coat. d. Nasrettin went back to the dinner in new clothes. A. bdca B. cbad C. cdba D. dabe 4. What does the play tell us? A. It is better late than never. B. Don't judge a book by its cover. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 参考答案： 一、A) 1. matter 2. mirror 3. knock 4. fool 5. rings B) 1. writings 2. enemies 3. lasting 4. is given 5. loss 二、1. B淮剧作为当地文化的一部分，其价值应是经久不衰、有长远意义的。 2.A结合句意可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句。 3.D 根据“They bring us great convenience. "可知，它们给我们带来了极大的便利，故这里表示“机器人在日常生活中被广泛使用”，符合实际情况和语义逻辑。 4. B根据句意可知，除非你做了热身练习，否则你可能会受伤。 三、1. have anything to do with 2. will soon run out of energy 3. Hurry up 4. He didn't show up 四、1. with 2. notice 3. Inside 4. surprised 5. hope 6. secret 7. heavy 8. before 9.memory 10. difference 五、1. C 推理判断题，根据“Each of my friends wears his best coat, while I sit here, alone and hungry, in my worn-out coat-dirty and smelly. I'd rather go home."可知，他因衣着不受欢迎而离开。 2. C 细节理解题。根据“Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to his rich friend's home. "可知，在他换了衣服回来后，人们对他十分尊敬。 3. A 信息排序题。根据“Berna: [sniffing the smelly coat] Follow me to the far end of the table, sir."可知，仆人把纳斯雷丁安排在远处，即b;根据"At home, he bathed in hot water, washed himself lean, and dressed in a shining silk coat. Everyone nodded respectfully to Nasrettin as he headed back to is rich friend's home."可知，纳斯雷丁换了新衣服返回晚宴，即d;根据“Serkan: Old friend, why are you feeding your coat?"可知，塞尔坎问纳斯雷丁为何喂衣服，即c;根据“Serkan: How foolish I am!"可知,塞尔坎意识到自己的愚蠢行为，即a,故顺序为bdca. 4. B推理判断题，通读全文并根据“Remember, my friend, a fine coat does not make a man. Many a good man may be found in a shabby coat. "可知，这个剧本告诉我们不要以貌取人。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $