Unit 2 Be Sporty，Be Healthy（重难词汇精练）英语译林版必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇从基础认知到语篇应用的递进式训练，构建“词汇-词性-短语-语境”逻辑链条，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础练-重点单词|20词|考查拼写及词性词义|词汇认知起点，夯实基础| |基础练-词性转换|16组|词形变化及词性辨析|词汇形态拓展，连接词形与功能| |基础练-核心短语|9个|固定搭配及语境运用|词汇组合应用，构建表达单元| |基础练-单句应用|30题（拼写/句子/语法填空）|词汇在单句语境中的准确运用|从孤立词汇到简单语境过渡| |语境练-语篇应用|4篇（2语法填空+1完形+1写作）|词汇在语篇中的理解与输出|综合运用词汇，提升语言表达能力|

Unit 2 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 3 六、单句语法填空 4 02 词汇语境练 5 一、语法填空 5 二、完形填空 6 三、应用文写作 7 一、重点单词 1. _______________adj. 有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 2. _______________vt. 模仿；仿效 3. _______________n. 统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 4. _______________n. 病，疾病 5. _______________adv. 此外，而且 6. _______________n. 常规，惯例 adj. 常规的，例行的；乏味的 7. _______________n. 肌肉，肌 8. _______________n. 慢跑锻炼 9. _______________n. 体操，体操训练 10. _______________vt. & vi. 伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 11._______________prep. 自始至终；各处，遍及 12. _______________n. 汗水 vt. & vi. 出汗，流汗 13._______________vt. 用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 14. _______________n. 运动员 15._______________n. 冠军，第一名 16. _______________adj. 附近的，邻近的 adv. 在附近，不远 17. _______________n. 健身房，体育馆 18. _______________n. 搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 19. _______________n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 20. _______________adv. 现今，现在 二、词性转换 1. congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→_______________vt. 祝贺 2. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→_______________n. 假定；设想 3. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→_______________n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 4. energy n. 能，能量；精力；能源→_______________adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 5. injury n. 伤害，损伤→_______________vt. 伤害，损伤→_______________adj. 受伤的 6. equipment n. 配备，装备；设备→_______________v. 配备；装备 7. lack vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺→__________adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8. announce vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→____________n. 宣布，宣告；通知→____________n. 播音员；宣告者 9. hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑→____________n. 犹豫，迟疑→____________adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的 10. admit vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→____________n. 允许进入；承认；入场费 11. inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→____________n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→____________adj. 受鼓舞的→____________adj. 鼓舞人心的 12. explore vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→___________n. 探险；探索，探究→___________n. 探险者 13. satisfaction n. 满意；满足，达到→____________vt. 满足；使满意→____________adj. 令人满意的→____________adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的 14. exist vi. 存在；生活，生存→____________n. 生存；存在→____________adj. 目前的，现有的 15. breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→____________n. 呼吸→____________adj. 气喘吁吁的 16. movement n. 活动，转动；移动；运动→____________v. 移动 15. prevent vt. 阻止，阻碍→____________n. 预防;阻止,阻碍 16. maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养→____________n. 维护,维修;保持 三、核心短语 1. _________________创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2. _________________长期 3. _________________持续，坚持 4. _________________弥补，补偿 5. _________________对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6._________________对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7. _________________略有不适，不舒服 8. _________________不足为奇，并不奇怪 9. _________________起源于 四、单词拼写 1．Regular physical exercise can significantly ________(减少) the risk of heart disease and other chronic illnesses. 2．With the rapid development of technology, online education now occupies a significant ________ (位置) in modern teaching methods. 3．I have formed the habit of _________ (检查) my mailbox before going to bed. 4．Never will I forget that poem and the ___________(灵感) it provided for my first novel. 5．As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to ________ (探险). 6．One has to work hard to ___________(掌握) a foreign language. 7．When the successful woman reached her seventies, she looked backed on her career with great________（满意）. 8．I ___________ (承认)to my parents that I was finding the course difficult. 9．You are most likely to keep your weight down if you include walking into your daily_______（常规）. 10．In the past three months the northern area has been ________ (影响) by the coldness. 五、完成句子 1．在某些地方，污染非常严重，使得人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。 In some places, the pollution is very serious, _________________________________. 2．人们用它们打字、发信号、解决各种问题，甚至探索月球。 People use them to ________ and even ________. 3．现在一些社区存在着汽车停车位问题。 ________________ with the parking place for the cars in some communities now. 4．我的心狂跳，双腿发抖。我深吸一口气，心里七上八下。 My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled. ____________________________________. (介词短语) 5．海洋污染受到全球极大的关注。 Marine pollution ___________________ by the whole world. 6．由于采取了有效的措施，当地的环境问题已经得到控制。 With _________, the local environmental problems _________. 7．It ______________________ to make things from new materials. 用新材料来做这些东西要耗费大量的能源。 8．我的薪金已经增加到了5000元。（increase） ________________________ five thousand yuan. 9．Though __________________, we can’t afford it either. 尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。 10．Now what you have to do _________________ and immediately correct them. 现在你要做的是承认错误并立即改正。 六、单句语法填空 1．Many flights have been delayed because the main runway (repair) after last week’s storm caused serious damage to the surface. 2．Large quantities of recycled material (use) to produce environmentally‑friendly daily products up to now. 3．He is the second student in our grade (receive) this national honor. 4． (master) a foreign language requires constant practice and patience. 5．There (exist) different opinions about this hot social topic among teenagers. 6．What she enjoys most is (explore) different local folk customs. 7．The project (carry) out at present will greatly benefit nearby residents. 8．The original archaeological relics (preserve) in the national museum since they were unearthed in 2018. 9．Up to now, a great number of traditional handicrafts (protect) with the support of national special funds. 10． (devote) to teaching work, the old teacher wins respect from all his students. 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高一下·河北石家庄·期末）As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. So far, the race, along with its muddy routes, high walls, and 3 (vary) obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series 4 (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 5 the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances 6 (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some intensely demanding obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 7 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running 8 (competition) is far from accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 9 (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 10 a kind of close dialogue with nature.” （二） （2026·河北秦皇岛·二模）An event marking the International Chinese Language Day was held on May 8, 2025 in London, bringing 100 students from six schools across the United Kingdom to celebrate the Chinese language and culture. 1 (establish) by the United Nations, Chinese Language Day is observed annually on April 20 to promote multilingualism and cultural 2 (diverse). The event, with the theme of “Chinese Language: A Gift Across Time and Space”, 3 (feature) eight workshops highlighting various aspects of Chinese culture, including characters, calligraphy, poetry, martial arts, and opera masks. The activities mixed traditional customs with modern elements, ranging from woodblock printing 4 virtual reality experiences. Along with workshops, students performed Chinese songs, posed for photos with a panda mascot, 5 received souvenirs (纪念品). “Learning Chinese is challenging, but also 6 (incredible) fun and exciting. It has helped me understand Chinese culture, 7 is different from the cultures I’ve experienced before,” said Noah Eskinazi-Nehme, a student who 8 (study) Chinese for almost two years and celebrates the Spring Festival with his family each year. He wanted to visit China one day to improve his language skills further while 9 (explore) the country’s diverse landscapes and seeing pandas. Patrick Adamson, associate head teacher of Calday Grange Grammar School, said that learning Chinese enabled students to “engage with China not as just a concept but as a living, dynamic culture” and “fuel curiosity and respect for 10 (globe) perspectives”. 二、完形填空 （25-26高二下·重庆·期末）As the saying goes, what’s done to children shapes their future conduct toward society. I once doubted whether it was proper for my little son — Tyler, a disabled boy with damaged 1 and even unable to speak, to take PE class in a wheelchair. Tyler and his sister Elizabeth studied at Little Harbour School, whose PE teacher Steve was respected for his passion and 2 . One day Elizabeth casually told me she’d push Tyler’s wheelchair in PE. Shocked, I thought the arrangement was 3 yet kept silent out of trust in Steve. Days later, I arrived early to 4 my kids and was in the perfect 5 where I could peek (偷看) through the gym’s door and see what they were doing. During a relay race, Elizabeth pushed Tyler’s wheelchair across the gym with all her 6 .     “Way to go, Tyler!” they 7 .      “Was that fun, Tyler?” another one asked. Right after they finished, Elizabeth and her pals 8 Tyler, cheering warmly, hugging him and patting on his shoulders to praise his effort. At that moment, I didn’t know if Tyler felt their 9 . I didn’t know if he enjoyed the 10 on his face when his wheelchair was pushed quickly across the gym. And I didn’t know if he experienced 11 or laughter inside his peace and quiet. What I do know is this: a touching miracle 12 . Ignoring discrimination (歧视), kids treated the physically and mentally 13 Tyler with full tolerance, learning to convey care with sincere love instead of 14 . Though Tyler could not talk, he sensed the kindness around him. Standing behind the door, I was moved to tears by the 15 compassion among children and their teachers. 1．A．thoughts B．skills C．abilities D．senses 2．A．patience B．sympathy C．courage D．wisdom 3．A．improper B．reasonable C．ordinary D．strange 4．A．lift up B．think up C．take up D．pick up 5．A．time B．spot C．mood D．chance 6．A．attention B．heart C．might D．effort 7．A．whispered B．sighed C．exclaimed D．complained 8．A．surrounded B．avoided C．ignored D．left 9．A．voice B．touch C．smile D．praise 10．A．rain B．sunshine C．wind D．sweat 11．A．sadness B．pain C．trouble D．fun 12．A．disappeared B．unfolded C．stopped D．failed 13．A．tired B．confused C．challenged D．injured 14．A．actions B．gestures C．smiles D．words 15．A．pure B．false C．universal D．cold 三、应用文写作 （25-26福建莆田·三模）近期，你校英语社团举办了以“Small Moves, Big Changes”为主题的公益活动，倡导同学们将碎片化运动融入日常生活。你为该活动设计了一幅英文宣传海报，并获得好评。请你在社团内分享你的作品，内容包括： (1) 海报内容； (2) 设计理念。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80左右。 (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 重难词汇精练 一、重点单词 1. immune 2. imitate 3. unity 4. disease 5. moreover 6. routine 7. muscle 8. jogging 9. gymnastics 10. stretch 11. throughout 12. sweat 13. replace 14. athlete 15. champion 16. nearby 17. gym 18. partner 19. position 20. nowadays 二、词性转换 1. congratulate 2. assumption 3. tendency 4. energetic 5. injure ；injured 6. equip 7. lacking 8. announcement ；nnouncer 9. hesitation ；hesitant 10. admission 11. inspiration ；inspired ；inspiring 12. exploration ；explorer 13. satisfy ；satisfying/satisfactory ；satisfied 14. existence；existing 15. breath ；breathless 16. move 15. prevention 16. maintenance 三、核心短语 1. do wonders 2. over the long term 3. stick with 4. make up for 5. put the finishing touches to 6. in response to 7. under the weather 8. no wonder 9. be rooted in 四、单词拼写 1．reduce/decrease 2．position 3．checking 4．inspiration 5．explore 7．satisfaction 8．admitted 9．routine 10．affected 五、完成句子 1．and makes it hard for people to breathe fresh air 2．type, signal, solve all kinds of problems explore the moon 3．There exists a problem 4．With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply 5．has been greatly concerned 6．effective measures have been controlled/have been under control 7．takes a lot of energy 8．My salary has been increased to 9．the price of the house has been reduced by 10% 10．is to admit your mistakes 六、单句语法填空 1．is being repaired 2．have been used 3．to receive 4．Mastering 5．exist 6．exploring 7．being carried 8．have been preserved 9．have been protected 10．Devoted 一、语法填空 （一） 1．which 2．popularity 3．various 4．landed 5．for 6．ranging 7．a 8．competitions 9．to break 10．but （二） 1．Established 2．diversity 3．featured 4．to 5．and 6．incredibly 7．which 8．has studied/has been studying 9．exploring 10．global 二、完形填空 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 三、应用文写作 【范文】 Dear fellow students, I’m excited to present my poster for the “Small Moves, Big Changes” campaign. It features three daily scenes: stretching on breaks, taking stairs, and walking while on the phone. A prominent “5 minutes” hourglass emphasizes that short bursts of activity accumulate. The bold slogan, which stands out against the poster’s background, declares, “Every minute in motion builds a healthier you.” My design makes fitness seem easy. Using warm, energetic colors, I created a positive atmosphere. The split-frame layout shows movement fits any routine. Remember, big health changes stem from tiny, consistent steps. I hope this inspires you to act now! Thank you! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Be Sporty,Be Healthy 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 4 六、单句语法填空 6 02 词汇语境练 8 一、语法填空 8 二、完形填空 11 三、应用文写作 14 一、重点单词 1. immune adj. 有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 2. imitate vt. 模仿；仿效 3. unity n. 统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 4. disease n. 病，疾病 5. moreover adv. 此外，而且 6. routine n. 常规，惯例 adj. 常规的，例行的；乏味的 7. muscle n. 肌肉，肌 8. jogging n. 慢跑锻炼 9. gymnastics n. 体操，体操训练 10. stretch vt. & vi. 伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 11. throughout prep. 自始至终；各处，遍及 12. sweat n. 汗水 vt. & vi. 出汗，流汗 13. replace vt. 用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 14. athlete n. 运动员 15. champion n. 冠军，第一名 16. nearby adj. 附近的，邻近的 adv. 在附近，不远 17. gym n. 健身房，体育馆 18. partner n. 搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 19. position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 20. nowadays adv. 现今，现在 二、词性转换 1. congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺词；恭贺→congratulate vt. 祝贺 2. assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露→assumption n. 假定；设想 3. tend vi. 往往会；趋向 vt. 照看→tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好 4. energy n. 能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 5. injury n. 伤害，损伤→injure vt. 伤害，损伤→injured adj. 受伤的 6. equipment n. 配备，装备；设备→equip v. 配备；装备 7. lack vi. & vt. 缺乏，没有，不足，短缺 n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺→lacking adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的 8. announce vt. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n. 宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n. 播音员；宣告者 9. hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n. 犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的 10. admit vt. & vi. 承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n. 允许进入；承认；入场费 11. inspire vt. 激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj. 受鼓舞的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 12. explore vt. & vi. 探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n. 探险；探索，探究→explorer n. 探险者 13. satisfaction n. 满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt. 满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满足的；(感到)满意的 14. exist vi. 存在；生活，生存→existence n. 生存；存在→existing adj. 目前的，现有的 15. breathe vt. & vi. 呼吸；呼出→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的 16. movement n. 活动，转动；移动；运动→move v. 移动 15. prevent vt. 阻止，阻碍→prevention n. 预防;阻止,阻碍 16. maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养→maintenance n. 维护,维修;保持 三、核心短语 1. do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 2. over the long term长期 3. stick with持续，坚持 4. make up for弥补，补偿 5. put the finishing touches to对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6. in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7. under the weather略有不适，不舒服 8. no wonder不足为奇，并不奇怪 9. be rooted in起源于 四、单词拼写 1．Regular physical exercise can significantly ________(减少) the risk of heart disease and other chronic illnesses. 【答案】reduce/decrease 【详解】句意：规律的体育锻炼能显著减少患心脏病和其他慢性疾病的风险。根据汉语提示“减少”可知，应使用动词reduce或decrease；空前有情态动词can，故此处需使用动词原形。 2．With the rapid development of technology, online education now occupies a significant ________ (位置) in modern teaching methods. 【答案】position 【详解】句意：随着科技的快速发展，在线教育现在在现代教学方法中占据着重要的位置。本空作动词occupies的宾语，用名词position“位置”，前面有不定冠词a提示，需用名词单数形式。 3．I have formed the habit of _________ (检查) my mailbox before going to bed. 【答案】checking 【详解】句意：我已经养成了睡觉前检查邮箱的习惯。根据汉语提示“检查”可知，此处为动词check，介词of后接动名词形式checking。 4．Never will I forget that poem and the ___________(灵感) it provided for my first novel. 【答案】inspiration 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记那首诗，以及它给我第一部小说带来的灵感。根据上文the可知应填名词inspiration。 5．As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to ________ (探险). 【答案】explore 【详解】句意：我们一到那个岛就急于去探险。根据汉语提示“探险”以及首字母e可知，用动词explore，不定式符号to后需接动词原形。 6．One has to work hard to ________ (掌握) a foreign language. 【答案】master 【详解】句意：一个人必须努力学习掌握一门外语。根据句意和汉语提示，表示“掌握”应填动词master，空格前为不定式符号to，后面要接动词原形。 7．When the successful woman reached her seventies, she looked backed on her career with great______________（满意）. 【答案】satisfaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：当这位成功的女人七十多岁时，她非常满意地回顾了自己的事业。with great satisfaction“带着极大的满足”。故答案为satisfaction。 8．I _____ (承认)to my parents that I was finding the course difficult. 【答案】admitted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我向我的父母承认，我发现这门课很难。根据句意和句中所给时态was可知用一般过去时，故填admitted. 9．You are most likely to keep your weight down if you include walking into your daily_______（常规）. 【答案】routine 【详解】句意：如果你把步行包括进你的生活常规，你最有可能保持你的体重下降。表示“常规”，应该用routine。故填routine。 10．In the past three months the northern area has been ________ (影响) by the coldness. 【答案】affected 【详解】句意：过去三个月，北部地区一直受到寒冷天气的影响。“影响”应用动词affect，affect和主语the northern area之间是被动关系，需用被动语态。 五、完成句子 1．在某些地方，污染非常严重，使得人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。 In some places, the pollution is very serious, _________________________________. 【答案】and makes it hard for people to breathe fresh air 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“使得人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气”；由is可知，时态为一般现在时；“使得”翻译为make，与前面is very serious并列作谓语，主语the pollution为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；“人们”翻译为people，在句中作介词for的宾语；“很难”翻译为hard，作宾语补足语；“呼吸到新鲜空气”翻译为to breathe fresh air，为真正的宾语，构成“makes it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构，it为形式宾语。 2．人们用它们打字、发信号、解决各种问题，甚至探索月球。 People use them to ________ and even ________. 【答案】type, signal, solve all kinds of problems explore the moon 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“打字、发信号、解决各种问题”和“探索月球”；“打字”翻译为type，“发信号”翻译为signal，“解决各种问题”翻译为solve all kinds of problems，三个动词短语并列，在“to”后用动词原形，作目的状语；“探索月球”翻译为explore the moon，在“and even”后用动词原形，与前面并列。 3．现在一些社区存在着汽车停车位问题。 ________________ with the parking place for the cars in some communities now. 【答案】There exists a problem 【详解】表示“存在着”应用there exist，表示“一个问题”用名词a problem作主语，陈述当前客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。置于句首，首字母大写。 4．我的心狂跳，双腿发抖。我深吸一口气，心里七上八下。 My heart beat wildly and my legs trembled. ____________________________________. (介词短语) 【答案】With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply 【详解】根据上文可知用一般过去时“我深吸一口气”译为“I breathed deeply”，“心里七上八下”常用with的复合结构，with butterflies in my stomach，作伴随状语。 5．海洋污染受到全球极大的关注。 Marine pollution ___________________ by the whole world. 【答案】has been greatly concerned 【详解】根据句意，此处表示“受到极大关注”，表示“关注”为concern，主语marine pollution与concern之间是被动关系，污染带来的影响持续至今，使用现在完成时被动语态，结构为“have/has been+过去分词”，主语为不可数名词，助动词用has；表示“极大地”为副词greatly修饰concerned，置于be动词之后，concerned之前。 6．由于采取了有效的措施，当地的环境问题已经得到控制。 With _________, the local environmental problems _________. 【答案】effective measures have been controlled/have been under control 【详解】根据句意，第一空作介词with的宾语，“有效的措施”译为effective measures；第二空主语the local environmental problems和control为被动关系，结合“已经”用现在完成时被动语态，主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为have been controlled；也可使用固定短语be under control表“得到控制”，对应have been under control。 7．It ______________________ to make things from new materials. 用新材料来做这些东西要耗费大量的能源。 【答案】takes a lot of energy 【详解】本句运用了固定句型“It takes + 名词 + to do sth.”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语；句子为客观常识，用一般现在时，主语It是单数，谓语动词take用第三人称单数takes，表示“需要，耗费”；“大量的能源”译为“a lot of energy”，作宾语。 8．我的薪金已经增加到了5000元。（increase） ________________________ five thousand yuan. 【答案】My salary has been increased to 【详解】表示“我的薪金”用名词短语my salary，在句中作主语；“增加到”表达为动词短语increase to，“已经”用现在完成时表达，主语salary与increase是被动关系，谓语动词应用现在完成时的被动语态has been increased to。 9．Though __________________, we can’t afford it either. 尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。 【答案】the price of the house has been reduced by 10% 【详解】Though引导让步状语从句，“房价”为the price of the house作主语，“降低；减少”为动词reduce，根据句意可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语the price of the house，谓语是has been reduced，所以“下降了10%”为has been reduced by 10%。 10．Now what you have to do _________________ and immediately correct them. 现在你要做的是承认错误并立即改正。 【答案】is to admit your mistakes 【详解】根据句意，此处表示“是承认错误并立即改正”，what引导主语从句作句子主语，视作单数，且主语从句为一般现在时，谓语be动词使用is；结合句意，此处表示将要发生的动作，表语采用不定式形式，所以“承认错误”译为to admit your mistakes，与后文to correct them并列，共用to。 六、单句语法填空 1．Many flights have been delayed because the main runway (repair) after last week’s storm caused serious damage to the surface. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】句意：许多航班已被延误，因为上周暴风雨严重损坏跑道地面后，主跑道正在被维修。空处为原因状语从句的谓语动词，主语the main runway与repair之间为被动关系，航班延误是因为跑道当下正在被维修，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用is。 2．Large quantities of recycled material (use) to produce environmentally‑friendly daily products up to now. 【答案】have been used 【详解】句意：到目前为止，大量回收材料已经被用于生产环保日用品。句中up to now是现在完成时的提示语，句子应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响。主语是Large quantities of recycled material，在“quantities of + 名词”结构中，无论名词是可数还是不可数，谓语动词的形式都要和quantities的复数属性保持一致，因此谓语需要使用复数形式。主语和use之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。 3．He is the second student in our grade (receive) this national honor. 【答案】to receive 【详解】句意：他是我们年级第二位获得这项国家级荣誉的学生。空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语修饰名词 student。 4． (master) a foreign language requires constant practice and patience. 【答案】Mastering 【详解】句意：掌握一门外语需要持续的练习和耐心。本空在句中作主语，用动名词形式mastering，泛指“掌握外语”这一行为，句首单词首字母大写。 5．There (exist) different opinions about this hot social topic among teenagers. 【答案】exist 【详解】句意：在青少年当中，关于这个热门的社会话题存在着不同的观点。there exist为there be句型的变体，主语是后面的different opinions，为复数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，所以exist用原形。 6．What she enjoys most is (explore) different local folk customs. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：她最喜欢的是探索不同的当地民俗。空处位于be动词is之后，作表语；此处表示一般性的、抽象的动作，应用动名词形式exploring。 7．The project (carry) out at present will greatly benefit nearby residents. 【答案】being carried 【详解】句意：目前正在进行的项目将极大惠及附近居民。句子已有谓语will benefit，空处是非谓语，作The project的后置定语，结合“at present”可推知，此处强调动作正在进行，且carry out“进行”和The project逻辑上是被动关系，因此用现在分词的被动语态being carried。 8．The original archaeological relics (preserve) in the national museum since they were unearthed in 2018. 【答案】have been preserved 【详解】句意：这些原始考古文物自2018年出土以来，一直保存在国家博物馆中。根据时间状语从句“since they were unearthed in 2018”可知，主句应用现在完成时；主语The original archaeological relics与preserve“保存”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语relics为复数，助动词用have。 9．Up to now, a great number of traditional handicrafts (protect) with the support of national special funds. 【答案】have been protected 【详解】句意：迄今为止，在国家专项基金的支持下，大量传统手工艺品得到了保护。根据时间状语Up to now可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语a great number of traditional handicrafts与protect“保护”之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，助动词用have。 10． (devote) to teaching work, the old teacher wins respect from all his students. 【答案】Devoted 【详解】句意：因为致力于教学工作，这位老教师赢得了所有学生的尊敬。be devoted to sth.意为“致力于、献身于”；此处用过去分词短语“Devoted to teaching work”作原因状语，注意首字母大写。 一、语法填空 （一） （25-26高一下·河北石家庄·期末）As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports, 1 draw citizens out of gyms and into the wilderness, test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature. One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in 2 (popular) in many Chinese cities. So far, the race, along with its muddy routes, high walls, and 3 (vary) obstacles, has gained significant attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series 4 (land) in Changchun while on October 16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held 5 the second time at Yunding Snow Park in Hebei Province. Each event challenges participants to complete distances 6 (range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with some intensely demanding obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags, 7 total return to nature from gyms. Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of outdoor running 8 (competition) is far from accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms. Now, there’s a growing desire 9 (break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. “These mud-stained events offer not just wildness, 10 a kind of close dialogue with nature.” 【答案】 1．which 2．popularity 3．various 4．landed 5．for 6．ranging 7．a 8．competitions 9．to break 10．but 【导语】介绍了随着中国各地气温升高，户外运动成为新趋势，以斯巴达勇士赛为例，阐述了其在中国多个城市的火爆情况，包括比赛的特点、赛程设置等，还引用专家观点说明户外跑步比赛兴起的原因，即人们渴望摆脱室内环境，与大自然亲密接触。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：户外运动吸引着市民走出健身房，走进荒野，挑战人们的身体极限，并让他们重新与大自然建立联系。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Outdoor sports，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。 2．考查名词。句意：这一趋势中的佼佼者——斯巴达勇士赛，在中国许多城市迅速流行起来。根据空前的in可知，此处应填名词，popular的名词形式为popularity，in popularity意为“在流行方面”。 3．考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，这项比赛以及它泥泞的赛道、高墙和各种各样的障碍物，在网上也获得了极大的吸引力。此处修饰名词obstacles，应用形容词various，意为“各种各样的”。 4．考查动词时态。句意：上个月，斯巴达勇士赛中国系列赛在长春举行，而10月16 - 17日，斯巴达儿童世界锦标赛将第二次在河北省的云顶雪场举行。根据时间状语“Last month”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，land的过去式为landed。 5．考查固定短语。句意：上个月，斯巴达勇士赛中国系列赛在长春举行，而10月16 - 17日，斯巴达儿童世界锦标赛将第二次在河北省的云顶雪场举行。for the second time为固定短语，意为“第二次”，所以此处填for。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：每场赛事都挑战参与者完成5到50公里不等的距离，根据比赛类别，还会设置一些极具挑战性的障碍物。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词challenges，此处应用非谓语动词，distances与range之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词ranging作后置定语，修饰distances，表示“范围在5到50公里的距离”。 7．考查冠词。句意：实际上，这项比赛包括攀爬、悬挂和搬运沙袋，完全是从健身房回归自然。此处表示“一次完全回归自然”，是泛指，且total是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 8．考查名词复数。句意：中国青少年体育与健康教育中心首席专家刘明义表示，户外跑步比赛的兴起绝非偶然。competition为可数名词，根据语境，此处指多种户外跑步比赛，应用复数形式competitions。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：“过去，人们待在室内，在健身房举重。现在，人们越来越渴望摆脱混凝土建筑。”刘评论道。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰desire，表示“摆脱混凝土建筑的渴望”。 10．考查固定搭配。句意：“这些沾满泥巴的活动不仅带来了野性，还提供了一种与自然的亲密对话。”not just...but (also)...为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，所以此处填but。 （二） （2026·河北秦皇岛·二模）An event marking the International Chinese Language Day was held on May 8, 2025 in London, bringing 100 students from six schools across the United Kingdom to celebrate the Chinese language and culture. 1 (establish) by the United Nations, Chinese Language Day is observed annually on April 20 to promote multilingualism and cultural 2 (diverse). The event, with the theme of “Chinese Language: A Gift Across Time and Space”, 3 (feature) eight workshops highlighting various aspects of Chinese culture, including characters, calligraphy, poetry, martial arts, and opera masks. The activities mixed traditional customs with modern elements, ranging from woodblock printing 4 virtual reality experiences. Along with workshops, students performed Chinese songs, posed for photos with a panda mascot, 5 received souvenirs (纪念品). “Learning Chinese is challenging, but also 6 (incredible) fun and exciting. It has helped me understand Chinese culture, 7 is different from the cultures I’ve experienced before,” said Noah Eskinazi-Nehme, a student who 8 (study) Chinese for almost two years and celebrates the Spring Festival with his family each year. He wanted to visit China one day to improve his language skills further while 9 (explore) the country’s diverse landscapes and seeing pandas. Patrick Adamson, associate head teacher of Calday Grange Grammar School, said that learning Chinese enabled students to “engage with China not as just a concept but as a living, dynamic culture” and “fuel curiosity and respect for 10 (globe) perspectives”. 【答案】 1．Established 2．diversity 3．featured 4．to 5．and 6．incredibly 7．which 8．has studied/has been studying 9．exploring 10．global 【导语】文章主要介绍2025年伦敦举办国际中文日活动的现场内容、学生参与感受以及校方对中文学习价值的评价。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：国际中文日由联合国设立，每年4月20日举办，旨在倡导多语言发展与文化多样性。此处为非谓语动词作状语，establish与逻辑主语Chinese Language Day之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词established，位于句首，首字母需大写。 2．考查名词。句意：国际中文日由联合国设立，每年4月20日举办，旨在倡导多语言发展与文化多样性。形容词cultural修饰名词，作宾语，diverse对应的名词为diversity，意为“多样性”。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这场以“中文：跨越时空的馈赠”为主题的活动开设八场工作坊，展示汉字、书法、诗词、武术、戏曲脸谱等各类中国文化内容。此处为谓语动词，全文叙述过去举办的活动，使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为featured。 4．考查介词。句意：活动融合传统民俗与现代元素，涵盖木版印刷到虚拟现实体验各类项目。此处为固定搭配range from…to…，意为“范围从……到……”，所以此处为介词to。 5．考查连词。句意：除工作坊外，学生们演唱中文歌曲、和熊猫吉祥物合影，并领取纪念品。此处连接三个并列谓语performed、posed、received，表顺承并列关系，所以用并列连词and。 6．考查副词。句意：已经学习中文近两年、每年都会和家人一起过春节的学生诺亚・埃斯金纳齐-内梅表示：“学习中文虽有难度，但也十分有趣、令人振奋。它让我得以了解中华文化，这种文化和我以往接触过的各类文化都截然不同。”此处修饰形容词fun，需要副词作状语，incredible对应的副词为incredibly，意为“极其，非常”。 7．考查定语从句。句意：已经学习中文近两年、每年都会和家人一起过春节的学生诺亚・埃斯金纳齐-内梅表示：“学习中文虽有难度，但也十分有趣、令人振奋。它让我得以了解中华文化，这种文化和我以往接触过的各类文化都截然不同。”此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese culture，指代事物，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。 8．考查动词时态。句意：已经学习中文近两年、每年都会和家人一起过春节的学生诺亚・埃斯金纳齐-内梅表示：“学习中文虽有难度，但也十分有趣、令人振奋。它让我得以了解中华文化，这种文化和我以往接触过的各类文化都截然不同。”此处为定语从句谓语动词，根据时间状语for almost two years可知，动作从过去持续至今，可用现在完成时，也可表示动作很有可能急需持续下去，用现在完成进行时，主语who指代先行词a student为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has studied/has been studying。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：他希望有一天能到访中国，进一步提升自己的语言水平，同时游览国内多样的自然风光，一睹大熊猫的风采。此处为非谓语动词作状语，explore与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词exploring。 10．考查形容词。句意：卡尔迪格兰奇文法学校副校长帕特里克・亚当森表示，学习中文能让学生“不再只把中国当作一个抽象概念，而是切身接触鲜活、富有活力的中华文化”，同时“激发学生对全球多元视角的好奇心与尊重之心”。此处修饰名词perspectives，需要形容词作定语，globe对应的形容词为global，意为“全球的”。 二、完形填空 （25-26高二下·重庆·期末）As the saying goes, what’s done to children shapes their future conduct toward society. I once doubted whether it was proper for my little son — Tyler, a disabled boy with damaged 1 and even unable to speak, to take PE class in a wheelchair. Tyler and his sister Elizabeth studied at Little Harbour School, whose PE teacher Steve was respected for his passion and 2 . One day Elizabeth casually told me she’d push Tyler’s wheelchair in PE. Shocked, I thought the arrangement was 3 yet kept silent out of trust in Steve. Days later, I arrived early to 4 my kids and was in the perfect 5 where I could peek (偷看) through the gym’s door and see what they were doing. During a relay race, Elizabeth pushed Tyler’s wheelchair across the gym with all her 6 .     “Way to go, Tyler!” they 7 .      “Was that fun, Tyler?” another one asked. Right after they finished, Elizabeth and her pals 8 Tyler, cheering warmly, hugging him and patting on his shoulders to praise his effort. At that moment, I didn’t know if Tyler felt their 9 . I didn’t know if he enjoyed the 10 on his face when his wheelchair was pushed quickly across the gym. And I didn’t know if he experienced 11 or laughter inside his peace and quiet. What I do know is this: a touching miracle 12 . Ignoring discrimination (歧视), kids treated the physically and mentally 13 Tyler with full tolerance, learning to convey care with sincere love instead of 14 . Though Tyler could not talk, he sensed the kindness around him. Standing behind the door, I was moved to tears by the 15 compassion among children and their teachers. 1．A．thoughts B．skills C．abilities D．senses 2．A．patience B．sympathy C．courage D．wisdom 3．A．improper B．reasonable C．ordinary D．strange 4．A．lift up B．think up C．take up D．pick up 5．A．time B．spot C．mood D．chance 6．A．attention B．heart C．might D．effort 7．A．whispered B．sighed C．exclaimed D．complained 8．A．surrounded B．avoided C．ignored D．left 9．A．voice B．touch C．smile D．praise 10．A．rain B．sunshine C．wind D．sweat 11．A．sadness B．pain C．trouble D．fun 12．A．disappeared B．unfolded C．stopped D．failed 13．A．tired B．confused C．challenged D．injured 14．A．actions B．gestures C．smiles D．words 15．A．pure B．false C．universal D．cold 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】文章讲述了作者起初怀疑残疾儿子Tyler坐轮椅上体育课是否合适，但在暗中观察后，被体育老师Steve和同学们对Tyler的包容、关爱与真诚所深深感动的故事。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：我曾经怀疑我年幼的儿子Tyler——一个感官受损甚至无法说话的残疾男孩——坐轮椅上体育课是否合适。A. thoughts思想；B. skills技能；C. abilities能力；D. senses感官。根据下文“even unable to speak”可知，Tyler作为残疾男孩，感官受损甚至无法说话。 2．考查名词。句意：Tyler和他的姐姐Elizabeth在海港小学就读，该校体育老师Steve因其热情和耐心而备受尊敬。A. patience耐心；B. sympathy同情；C. courage勇气；D. wisdom智慧。根据上文“whose PE teacher Steve was respected for his passion”以及下文孩子们对Tyler的包容态度可知，Steve作为老师很有耐心。 3．考查形容词。句意：我很震惊，认为这种安排不合适，但出于对Steve的信任而保持沉默。A. improper不合适的；B. reasonable合理的；C. ordinary普通的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“I once doubted whether it was proper”以及“Shocked”可知，作者认为让残疾孩子参加体育课是不合适的，improper与proper形成对应。 4．考查动词短语。句意：几天后，我提前去接孩子，正好处于一个可以透过体育馆门偷看他们做什么的位置。A. lift up举起；B. think up想出；C. take up占据；D. pick up接（人）。根据上文“I arrived early to”以及下文“my kids”可知，作者提前去学校接孩子。 5．考查名词。句意：几天后，我提前去接孩子，正好处于一个可以透过体育馆门偷看他们做什么的位置。A. time时间；B. spot地点，位置；C. mood情绪；D. chance机会。根据下文“where I could peek (偷看) through the gym’s door”可知，作者找到了一个可以偷看的位置。 6．考查名词。句意：在接力赛中，Elizabeth用尽全力推着Tyler的轮椅穿过体育馆。A. attention注意力；B. heart心；C. might力量；D. effort努力。根据上文“During a relay race, Elizabeth pushed Tyler’s wheelchair across the gym”可知，接力赛中Elizabeth用全力推轮椅，with all her might意为“用尽全力”。 7．考查动词。句意：“干得好，Tyler！”他们喊道。A. whispered低语；B. sighed叹息；C. exclaimed呼喊；D. complained抱怨。根据上文“Way to go, Tyler!”可知，孩子们在给Tyler加油，所以是呼喊道。 8．考查动词。句意：他们一完成比赛，Elizabeth和她的朋友们就围住了Tyler，热情地欢呼，拥抱他并拍他的肩膀来赞扬他的努力。A. surrounded包围；B. avoided避免；C. ignored忽视；D. left离开。根据下文“cheering warmly, hugging him and patting on his shoulders”可知，同学们围在Tyler身边庆祝。 9．考查名词。句意：那一刻，我不知道Tyler是否感受到了他们的触摸。A. voice声音；B. touch触摸；C. smile微笑；D. praise赞扬。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled boy with damaged ________ and even unable to speak”以及“hugging him and patting on his shoulders”可知，同学们通过拥抱和拍肩等身体接触表达关爱，作者不知道感官受损的Tyler是否能感受到这些触摸。 10．考查名词。句意：我不知道当他的轮椅被快速推过体育馆时，他是否享受脸上的风。A. rain雨；B. sunshine阳光；C. wind风；D. sweat汗水。根据下文“on his face when his wheelchair was pushed quickly across the gym”及常识可知，轮椅快速穿过体育馆时，Tyler脸上感受到的应该是风，这是运动速度带来的直接物理感受。 11．考查名词。句意：我也不知道在他平静安宁的内心世界里，他是否体验到了乐趣或笑声。A. sadness悲伤；B. pain痛苦；C. trouble麻烦；D. fun乐趣。根据下文“or laughter inside his peace and quiet”可知，laughter与fun并列，都是积极的情感体验。 12．考查动词。句意：我所知道的是：一个感人的奇迹正在展开。A. disappeared消失；B. unfolded展开，逐渐展现；C. stopped停止；D. failed失败。根据下文“Ignoring discrimination (歧视), kids treated the physically and mentally ________ Tyler with full tolerance”可知，作者看到了孩子们包容Tyler的感人场景正在发生。 13．考查形容词。句意：无视歧视，孩子们对身心有障碍的Tyler给予了充分的包容，学会用真诚的爱而非言语来传达关怀。A. tired疲惫的；B. confused困惑的；C. challenged受到挑战的，有……障碍的；D. injured受伤的。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled boy with damaged ________ and even unable to speak”可知，Tyler在身体和精神上都有缺陷，challenged是委婉表达残疾的用语。 14．考查名词。句意：无视歧视，孩子们对身心有障碍的Tyler给予了充分的包容，学会用真诚的爱而非言语来传达关怀。A. actions行动；B. gestures姿态；C. smiles微笑；D. words言语。根据上文“Tyler, a disabled boy with damaged ________ and even unable to speak”以及“convey care with sincere love instead of”可知，Tyler无法说话，同学们用行动而非言语表达关爱。 15．考查形容词。句意：站在门后，我被孩子们和他们的老师之间纯粹的同情所感动得流泪。A. pure纯粹的；B. false虚假的；C. universal普遍的；D. cold冷漠的。根据上文“learning to convey care with sincere love”以及“I was moved to tears”可知，这种同情是真诚纯粹的，因此让作者感动落泪。 三、应用文写作 （25-26福建莆田·三模）近期，你校英语社团举办了以“Small Moves, Big Changes”为主题的公益活动，倡导同学们将碎片化运动融入日常生活。你为该活动设计了一幅英文宣传海报，并获得好评。请你在社团内分享你的作品，内容包括： (1) 海报内容； (2) 设计理念。 注意： (1) 写作词数应为80左右。 (2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you! 【范文】 Dear fellow students, I’m excited to present my poster for the “Small Moves, Big Changes” campaign. It features three daily scenes: stretching on breaks, taking stairs, and walking while on the phone. A prominent “5 minutes” hourglass emphasizes that short bursts of activity accumulate. The bold slogan, which stands out against the poster’s background, declares, “Every minute in motion builds a healthier you.” My design makes fitness seem easy. Using warm, energetic colors, I created a positive atmosphere. The split-frame layout shows movement fits any routine. Remember, big health changes stem from tiny, consistent steps. I hope this inspires you to act now! Thank you! 【导语】题目要求考生在英语社团内分享自己以“Small Moves, Big Changes”为主题的公益宣传海报，介绍海报内容以及背后的设计理念。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 兴奋的：excited → thrilled 展示：present → showcase 强调：emphasize → highlight 鼓舞：inspire → motivate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：My design makes fitness seem easy. 拓展句：My design makes fitness seem easy, which helps people who are too busy to go to the gym build a simple and sustainable exercise habit in their daily life. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】The bold slogan, which stands out against the poster’s background, declares, “Every minute in motion builds a healthier you.”（运用了关系代词which引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Using warm, energetic colors, I created a positive atmosphere.（运用了非谓语动词作状语） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $