第5卷 时态1：（一般现在、一般过去和一般将来时）-2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦山东春考英语时态三大核心板块，分基础与提升层次系统训练，融合热门话题，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|20题单选（如1/8/15题）|单一时态基础用法及标志词识别|从核心用法（客观事实/过去动作/将来意图）到标志词（usually/last/if条件句）| |提升篇|1道短文填空（22/28题）|语篇中时态综合运用|从单一句型到语境连贯，融合传统文化等话题，提升语言能力与文化意识|

编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考单选高频考点，聚焦时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）三大核心板块，重点考查一般现在时表客观事实/习惯性动作（含主语为单三时的谓语变化）、一般过去时表过去发生的动作或状态（含last/week/ago等标志词）、一般将来时表将来动作或意图（含will+动词原形及“主将从现”原则）、三种时态在语境中的综合辨析与运用、以及there be句型的一般将来时结构、倒装结构（so+助动词+主语）等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共20道单选、1道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第5卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 时态1：（一般现在、一般过去和一般将来时） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、基础篇（每题3分，共20题，满分60分） 1．— Though it ________ in the desert most of the year, people still live there. — That’s the case. They say east or west home is the best. A．hasn’t rained B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．hadn’t rained 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：——虽然沙漠一年中大部分时间都不下雨，但人们仍然住在那里。——就是这样。他们说东好西好，不如自己的家好。沙漠一年中大部分时间都不下雨，这是一个客观事实，要用一般现在时。故选C。 2．High-speed railways to my hometown ________ every half an hour every morning. A．ran B．running C．runs D．run 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每天早上都有高速列车开往我的家乡，每半小时一趟。根据时间状语“every morning”可知，此处描述经常或反复发生的动作，用一般现在时，且主语“High-speed railways”是复数名词，谓语动词用原形。故选D。 3．— Can you pass me the pen beside your desk? — Sorry, I ________ busy________ my homework. A．was; doing B．is; doing C．were; doing D．am; doing 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词时态及非谓语。句意：——你能把你桌子旁边的钢笔递给我吗？——对不起，我正忙着做家庭作业呢。第一空处，根据“Can you...”可知，句子的时态是一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am；第二空处，be busy (in) doing sth意为“忙于做某事”，是固定短语，此处用动名词（doing）作宾语。故选D。 4．________ you usually ________ lunch at school? A．Do; have B．Are; having C．Does; have D．Do; has 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你通常在学校吃午饭吗？根据“usually”可知，表示经常或反复发生的动作，用一般现在时，且主语是“you”，助动词用“do”，助动词后，用动词原形。故选A。 5．The guide told us, “The Palace Museum has a history of over 600 years.” The guide told us that the Palace Museum ________ a history of over 600 years. A．has B．had C．have D．having 【答案】A 【解析】句意：导游告诉我们故宫有六百多年的历史。 主句谓语told为过去式，但从句所述内容为普遍事实，因此谓语动词has保持不变。 6．It usually ________ me about two hours to do my homework every day. A．take B．taking C．took D．takes 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我每天做作业通常要花大约两小时。 固定句型It takes/ took sb +一段时间+ to do sth表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”，句中usually和every day提示为一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式takes。 7．I usually ________ my homework at 6:00 p.m. A．finish B．finishes C．finished D．finishing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我通常在下午六点完成我的家庭作业。 usually表示经常性、习惯性动作，句子使用一般现在时；主语为人称代词I，谓语动词要用动词原形finish。 8．I ________ 15 years old 10 years ago. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：十年前我15岁。根据时间状语“10 years ago”可知，描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，且主语是“I”，谓语动词用was。故选B。 9．Little ________ about Western cooking methods before I took this course. A．do I know B．I know C．did I know D．I knew 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在选修这门课程之前，我几乎不了解西式烹饪方法。 Little是否定词，位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。根据“before I took this course”可知，主句动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故用did I know。 10．The students in our class ________ a farm and picked some fresh vegetables last weekend. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．has visited 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查一般过去时的用法。题意为“上周末我们班的学生去了农场，摘了一些新鲜的蔬菜”。last weekend是一般过去时的标志词，谓语动词用过去式visited，故选B。 11．The opening ceremony of the Cultural Festival ________ in the school hall last Friday. Many teachers and students ________ the wonderful performances. A．was happened; enjoyed B．happened; enjoyed C．was happened; were enjoyed D．happened; were enjoyed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：文化节的开幕式上周五在学校礼堂举行。许多老师和学生欣赏了精彩的表演。 第一空，happen为不及物动词，意为“发生”，无被动语态，应用主动语态happened。第二空，“teachers and students”与enjoy之间为主动关系（人欣赏表演），应用主动语态enjoyed。 12．The students ________ as volunteers and helped clean up the park last weekend. A．work B．worked C．are working D．will work 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周末，学生们作为志愿者工作，并帮助清理了公园。 根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，动作发生在过去；且连词and连接并列谓语，后文helped为过去式，故前文动词也需用过去式worked。 13．I ________ to the museum with my parents last Sunday. A．go B．went C．goes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周日我和父母去了博物馆。 根据时间状语last Sunday可知，动作发生在过去，句子时态应为一般过去时，谓语动词需使用过去式went。 14．— ________ you ________ your breakfast? — Yes, I ________ it 10 minutes ago. A．Have; had; had B．Do; have; have C．Did; have; had D．Will; have; have 【答案】A 【解析】考查现在完成时和一般过去时。句意：——你吃过早餐了吗？——是的，我10分钟前吃的。第一句问句询问“你已经吃过早餐了吗？”，强调过去动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，结构为Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词，主语是you，所以用Have; had；第二句答句中“10 minutes ago”是明确的过去时间点，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式had。故用Have; had; had。故选A。 15．If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I ________ fishing. A．go B．went C．going D．will go 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般将来时。句意：如果明天不下雨的话，我就去钓鱼。根据“If it doesn’t rain tomorrow”可知，此句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，因此主句应用一般将来时：will+动词原形。故选D。 16．There ________ a football match next week. A．will be B．is C．was D．is gong to have 【答案】A 【解析】考查there be句型和一般将来时。句意：下周将有一场足球比赛。根据时间状语“next week”可知，句子时态是一般将来时且句型是there be存现句，一般将来时结构为there will be或there is/ are going to be。故选A。 17．—Have you finished the poster for the party? —Not yet. I ________ it in two days. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：—你完成派对的海报了吗？—还没有。我会在两天内完成它。 根据“in two days”可知，这里表示的是将来的时间，所以句子时态应该用一般将来时，一般将来时的构成是“will + 动词原形” 。故选C。 18．We ________ our holidays in the country next summer. A．spend B．spent C．spending D．will spend 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查一般将来时的用法。题意为“明年夏天我们要去乡下度假”。next summer是一般将来时的标志词，谓语动词用will spend，故选D。 19．Go down this road and you ________ the library next to the bank. A．see B．will see C．have seen D．saw 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查“祈使句+and+陈述句”的时态用法。题意为“沿着这条路走，你就会看到银行旁边的图书馆”。该结构中，陈述句用一般将来时，will see是一般将来时结构，故选B。 20．— It’s rush hour now. We’d better not drive. — Right. If you ride a shared bike instead of driving, ________ A．so will I. B．so I will. C．so do I. D．so I do. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——现在是高峰时段。我们最好别开车。——对。如果你骑共享单车而不是开车，我也会这样。 “So+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”表示“某人也……”；“So+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词”表示“某人确实……”。根据语境，此处表示“如果你骑共享单车，我也会骑”，表示前者的肯定情况同样适用于后者时，常用“So+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”的倒装结构，又因此处表示将来的意愿，助动词应用will。 二、提升篇（每题4分，共10题，满分40分） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is _____21_____ large country. It has special cultures with a long history. Chinese food ____22____ (play) an important role in Chinese families. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods _____23_____ (be) rice. Tea is a favorite drink. Chinese calendar is different from the one in_____24_____ (west) countries. New Year’s Day is in late winter. It is also _____25_____ (call) the Spring Festival. And it also has some special _____26_____ (tradition) cultures. For example, sweeping the floor before New Year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad _____27_____ (lucky). The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao, follows a 12-year cycle. Each year is named after an animal. For example, the year that begins _____28_____ 2022 is the year of the tiger. Chinese is a little difficult language. Chinese writing has _____29_____ (develop) for over 4000 years. It has thousands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak some other forms of the language, _____30_____there are many kinds of dialect (方言). 【答案】 21．a 22．plays 23．is 24．western 25．called 26．traditional 27．luck 28．in 29．developed 30．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的一些传统文化，比如中国美食、中国日历、十二生肖、中国语言等。 【解析】21．考查不定冠词。句意：中国是一个大国。分析句子结构可知，此处用不定冠词修饰名词性短语“large country”，而“large”是辅音因素开头，应用“a”。故填a。 22．考查时态。句意：中国食物在中国家庭中起着重要的作用。此句是对中国食物的客观描述，用一般现在时，而“Chinese food”是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用其三单形式，即“plays”。故填plays。 23．考查时态。句意：主要的食物之一是大米。此句是对客观事实的描述，用一般现在时。而主语“One of the main foods”是第三人称单数，应用is。故填is。 24．考查词性转换。句意：中国的日历和西方的日历是不同的。分析句子成分可知，此处需要形容词来修饰后面的名词“countries”，作定语。而提示词“west”是名词，其形容词是“western”。故填western。 25．考查语态及过去分词。句意：它也被叫作春节。根据句子结构可知，此处是谓语部分。根据“also”前的be动词“is”及句意可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，因此填提示词“call”的过去分词形式。故填called。 26．考查词性转换。句意：它也有一些特殊的传统文化。分析句子成分可知，此处需要形容词来修饰后面的名词“cultures”，作定语。而提示词“tradition”是名词，其形容词是“traditional”。故填traditional。 27．考查词性转换。句意：例如，新年前扫地，把旧年的坏运气一扫而光。分析句子成分可知，此处需要名词作“sweeps away”的宾语，而提示词“lucky”是形容词，其名词是“luck”，并且是不可数名词。故填luck。 28．考查介词。句意：例如，2022年开始的年份是虎年。“2022”指“在2022年”，年份前应用介词“in”。故填in。 29．考查时态及过去分词。句意：中国文字已经发展了4000多年了。分析句子成分可知，此处是谓语部分。由空格前的“has”可知，此句是用现在完成时，因此填提示词“develop”的过去分词形式“developed”。故填developed。 30．考查并列连词。句意：除了普通话，中国人还说一些其他形式的语言，而且有很多方言。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词。而根据上文“some other forms of the language”及下文“many kinds of dialect”可知，这里是“其他形式的语言”和“多种方言”的并列，因此用“and”。故填and。 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考单选高频考点，聚焦时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）三大核心板块，重点考查一般现在时表客观事实/习惯性动作（含主语为单三时的谓语变化）、一般过去时表过去发生的动作或状态（含last/week/ago等标志词）、一般将来时表将来动作或意图（含will+动词原形及“主将从现”原则）、三种时态在语境中的综合辨析与运用、以及there be句型的一般将来时结构、倒装结构（so+助动词+主语）等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共20道单选、1道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第5卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第5卷 时态1：（一般现在、一般过去和一般将来时） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、基础篇（每题3分，共20题，满分60分） 1．— Though it ________ in the desert most of the year, people still live there. — That’s the case. They say east or west home is the best. A．hasn’t rained B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．hadn’t rained 2．High-speed railways to my hometown ________ every half an hour every morning. A．ran B．running C．runs D．run 3．— Can you pass me the pen beside your desk? — Sorry, I ________ busy________ my homework. A．was; doing B．is; doing C．were; doing D．am; doing 4．________ you usually ________ lunch at school? A．Do; have B．Are; having C．Does; have D．Do; has 5．The guide told us, “The Palace Museum has a history of over 600 years.” The guide told us that the Palace Museum ________ a history of over 600 years. A．has B．had C．have D．having 6．It usually ________ me about two hours to do my homework every day. A．take B．taking C．took D．takes 7．I usually ________ my homework at 6:00 p.m. A．finish B．finishes C．finished D．finishing 8．I ________ 15 years old 10 years ago. A．am B．was C．are D．were 9．Little ________ about Western cooking methods before I took this course. A．do I know B．I know C．did I know D．I knew 10．The students in our class ________ a farm and picked some fresh vegetables last weekend. A．visits B．visited C．will visit D．has visited 11．The opening ceremony of the Cultural Festival ________ in the school hall last Friday. Many teachers and students ________ the wonderful performances. A．was happened; enjoyed B．happened; enjoyed C．was happened; were enjoyed D．happened; were enjoyed 12．The students ________ as volunteers and helped clean up the park last weekend. A．work B．worked C．are working D．will work 13．I ________ to the museum with my parents last Sunday. A．go B．went C．goes 14．— ________ you ________ your breakfast? — Yes, I ________ it 10 minutes ago. A．Have; had; had B．Do; have; have C．Did; have; had D．Will; have; have 15．If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I ________ fishing. A．go B．went C．going D．will go 16．There ________ a football match next week. A．will be B．is C．was D．is gong to have 17．—Have you finished the poster for the party? —Not yet. I ________ it in two days. A．finish B．finished C．will finish D．have finished 18．We ________ our holidays in the country next summer. A．spend B．spent C．spending D．will spend 19．Go down this road and you ________ the library next to the bank. A．see B．will see C．have seen D．saw 20．— It’s rush hour now. We’d better not drive. — Right. If you ride a shared bike instead of driving, ________ A．so will I. B．so I will. C．so do I. D．so I do. 二、提升篇（每题4分，共10题，满分40分） 短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is _____21_____ large country. It has special cultures with a long history. Chinese food ____22____ (play) an important role in Chinese families. Chinese people eat their meals with chopsticks. One of the main foods _____23_____ (be) rice. Tea is a favorite drink. Chinese calendar is different from the one in_____24_____ (west) countries. New Year’s Day is in late winter. It is also _____25_____ (call) the Spring Festival. And it also has some special _____26_____ (tradition) cultures. For example, sweeping the floor before New Year’s Day sweeps away all the old year’s bad _____27_____ (lucky). The Chinese zodiac, known as Sheng Xiao, follows a 12-year cycle. Each year is named after an animal. For example, the year that begins _____28_____ 2022 is the year of the tiger. Chinese is a little difficult language. Chinese writing has _____29_____ (develop) for over 4000 years. It has thousands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak some other forms of the language, _____30_____there are many kinds of dialect (方言). 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $