第15卷 短文填空：短文语法填空-2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦山东春考短文语法填空高频考点，分基础与提升层级系统覆盖实词转换、虚词运用及从句等核心语法，融合热门话题实现语境化训练。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |短文填空（30题）|A/B/C篇（乡村生活/工匠精神/地震事件）|语境化语法填空，考查词形转换、虚词运用、非谓语动词及从句引导词|从基础语法（名词单复数/动词时态）到复杂结构（非谓语/从句），形成“词法-句法-语篇逻辑”递进链条|

编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考短文填空高频考点，聚焦短文语法填空核心能力，重点考查实词词形转换（名词单复数/形容词与副词转换/动词时态与语态变化等）、虚词填空（冠词/介词/连词/代词等在语境中的正确运用）、从句引导词的选择（定语从句/宾语从句/主语从句等）、非谓语动词的正确形式（动名词/不定式/分词作状语或定语）、形容词与副词的比较等级、上下文逻辑理解与词义推断等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共30道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第15卷，知识点包括短文填空（短文语法填空）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第15卷 短文填空：短文语法填空 考试时间：45分钟 满分：60分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、短文填空 语法填空 A Mrs. Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to ____1____ (my). She is a warm and ____2____ (friend) person. She is popular among us. She always ____3____ (like) to help others. And she often asks people ____4____ she can do for them. She often says hello 10. ___5___me from her front garden when I come back home. She plants different ____6____ (kind) of beautiful flowers in her garden. It was Mrs. Zhang’s birthday last Saturday. She held a party and ____7____ (invite) all the neighbors. She made ____8____very big cake with fresh flowers on it. It was my ____9____ (one) time to see such a cake. I thought it was the ____10____ (nice) cake I had ever eaten. We sang, danced and talked and it was really a great time. 【答案】 1．mine 2．friendly 3．likes 4．what 5．to 6．kinds 7．invited 8．a 9．first 10．nicest 【导语】文章讲述了张太太是我的热心邻居，她乐于助人，花园种满鲜花。她生日举办派对邀请邻里，我第一次吃到装饰鲜花的美味蛋糕，大家玩得十分开心。 【解析】1．考查名词性物主代词。句意：她的房子紧挨着我的。空后无名词，指代“我的房子”，应使用名词性物主代词mine。 2．考查形容词。句意：她是一个热情友好的人。根据person可知，此处使用形容词作定语修饰名词person，friend的形容词是friendly“友好的”。 3．考查时态。句意：她总是喜欢帮助别人。根据always可知，本句为一般现在时，主语She为第三人称单数形式，动词使用三单likes。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：她经常问人们她能为他们做些什么。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，此处在从句中作宾语，表示“做的事情”，应用what。 5．考查固定搭配。句意：我回到家时，她经常在她的前花园向我打招呼。固定搭配say hello to sb.意为“和某人打招呼”。 6．考查名词。句意：她在花园里种了各种美丽的花。根据“different”可知，不同的种类，应用名词复数形式，different kinds of “各种各样”是固定短语。 7．考查时态。句意：她举行了一个聚会，邀请了所有的邻居。 根据“She held a ...”可知，本句为一般过去时，使用动词过去式invited。 8．考查冠词。句意：她做了一个很大的蛋糕，上面有鲜花。根据cake是可数名词单数可知，此处指一个很大的蛋糕，very以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。 9．考查序数词。句意：这是我第一次看到这样的蛋糕。It was one’s +序数词+time to do sth. “这是某人第几次做某事”，one的序数词为 first。 10．考查形容词最高级。句意：我觉得这是我吃过的最好的蛋糕。根据“I had ever eaten”可知，此处应使用形容词最高级，nice最高级为nicest。 B The 2026 Spring Festival Gala praised great national craftsmen. Xu Zhenchao is one of ____11____ (they). This outstanding worker has devoted himself to ____12____ (work) at the port for over 40 years. As the ____13____ (one) worker to set many world records, Xu Zhenchao is a hard-working man ____14____ always tries his best to improve skills. He can operate the machine ____15____ (careful) and never gives up when ____16____ trouble. A lifelong love for new technology makes him ____17____ (keep) learning every day. Due to his hard work, he has become ____18____ excellent example for all the workers. Many young ____19____ (student) have learned from this role model. ____20____ he has done will encourage young people forever. 【答案】 11．them 12．working 13．first 14．who/that 15．carefully 16．in 17．keep 18．an 19．students 20．What 【导语】本文介绍2026年春晚大国工匠许振超弘扬工匠精神，讲述了他扎根港口、精益求精、不断学习的故事。 【解析】11．考查人称代词。句意：徐振超是他们中的一员。of是介词，后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。 12．考查动名词。句意：这位杰出的工人已经在港口全身心投入工作40多年了。devote oneself to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词。work的动名词形式是working。 13．考查序数词。句意：作为第一个创下多项世界纪录的工人，徐振超是一个勤奋的人，他总是尽全力提升技能。此处表示“第一个”，the后接序数词表示顺序，one对应的序数词是first。 14．考查定语从句。句意：作为第一个创下多项世界纪录的工人，徐振超是一个勤奋的人，他总是尽全力提升技能。“… always tries his best to improve skills”是一个定语从句，先行词man指人，关系词在从句中作主语，关系代词用who/that。 15．考查副词。句意：他能小心地操作机器，遇到困难时从不放弃。修饰动词operate要用副词，careful的副词是carefully。 16．考查介词短语。句意：他能小心地操作机器，遇到困难时从不放弃。固定搭配in trouble意为“处于困境中”。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：对新技术的毕生热爱让他每天坚持学习。make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，make后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。 18．考查冠词。句意：由于他的努力，他已经成为所有工人的一个优秀榜样。此处表示泛指“一个”，excellent以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 19．考查名词复数。句意：许多年轻学生都以这位榜样为榜样进行学习。many后接可数名词复数，student的复数形式为students。 20．考查主语从句。句意：他所做的一切将永远激励年轻人。“… he has done”是句子的主语，从句中缺少宾语，指代“他所做的事”，用What引导主语从句。 C Strange things happened before the Tangshan earthquake. For several days on end, the water in the village wells ____21____ (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks. Some smelly gas came out of at least one well. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous ____22____ (eat). At 3:42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. ____23____ seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Nearly one third of China felt the power of the quake. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, ____24____ whole city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or got ____25____ (injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were ____26____ (shock) at this and what was worse, then another big quake hit Tangshan again, people wondering how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those ____27____ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for ____28____ (survivor). Fresh water was taken to the city. Gradually, the city began to breathe again. ____29____ effective support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, ____30____ (final) a new Tangshan was built on the earthquake ruins. 【答案】 21．rose 22．to eat 23．It 24．the 25．injured 26．shocked 27．who/that 28．survivors 29．With 30．finally 【导语】文章主要讲述了1976年唐山大地震发生前的异常征兆、地震带来的巨大破坏，以及震后在政府和人民的共同努力下，唐山逐渐恢复生机并重建家园的过程。 【解析】21．考查动词的时态。句意：村里的井水连续几天涨了又落。根据后文“fell”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，rise的过去式是rose。 22．考查非谓语动词。句意：鸡甚至猪都太紧张而吃不下东西。固定搭配“too … to do sth.”意为“太……而不能做某事”。 23．考查代词。句意：看起来好像世界末日到了！固定句型It seemed as if …意为“看起来好像……”。 24．考查冠词。句意：不到一分钟，整个城市就成了废墟。固定搭配the whole city意为“整个城市”，whole前需加定冠词the。 25．考查形容词。句意：三分之二的人死亡或受伤。根据“got”可知，后接形容词作表语，injure的形容词形式是injured，意为“受伤的”。 26．考查形容词。句意：人们对此感到震惊。固定搭配be shocked at意为“对……感到震惊”，shocked作表语，表示人的感受。 27．考查定语从句。句意：军队组织队伍去挖出那些被困的人。该句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，从句中缺少主语，应用who或that引导。 28．考查名词复数。句意：工人们为幸存者搭建了避难所。survivor是可数名词，此处表示泛指多个幸存者，应用复数形式。 29．考查介词。句意：在政府的有效支持和市民们不知疲倦的努力下，一个新的唐山最终在地震废墟上建了起来。固定搭配with the support of意为“在……的支持下”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填With。 30．考查副词。句意：一个新的唐山最终在地震废墟上建了起来。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，final的副词形式是finally。 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷依据山东春考历年真题、中职英语课程标准命题，对标山东春考短文填空高频考点，聚焦短文语法填空核心能力，重点考查实词词形转换（名词单复数/形容词与副词转换/动词时态与语态变化等）、虚词填空（冠词/介词/连词/代词等在语境中的正确运用）、从句引导词的选择（定语从句/宾语从句/主语从句等）、非谓语动词的正确形式（动名词/不定式/分词作状语或定语）、形容词与副词的比较等级、上下文逻辑理解与词义推断等高频考点；试卷分基础篇（60分）+提升篇（40分），共30道短文填空题，贴合春考出题风格，选材融合乡村振兴、现代农业、AI科技、传统文化、校园实习等山东春考热门话题。 本试卷是2026年山东省春季高考《英语45分钟训练卷》的第15卷，知识点包括短文填空（短文语法填空）。 2026年山东省（春季高考）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第15卷 短文填空：短文语法填空 考试时间：45分钟 满分：60分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、短文填空 语法填空 A Mrs. Zhang is my neighbor. Her house is next to ____1____ (my). She is a warm and ____2____ (friend) person. She is popular among us. She always ____3____ (like) to help others. And she often asks people ____4____ she can do for them. She often says hello 10. ___5___me from her front garden when I come back home. She plants different ____6____ (kind) of beautiful flowers in her garden. It was Mrs. Zhang’s birthday last Saturday. She held a party and ____7____ (invite) all the neighbors. She made ____8____very big cake with fresh flowers on it. It was my ____9____ (one) time to see such a cake. I thought it was the ____10____ (nice) cake I had ever eaten. We sang, danced and talked and it was really a great time. B The 2026 Spring Festival Gala praised great national craftsmen. Xu Zhenchao is one of ____11____ (they). This outstanding worker has devoted himself to ____12____ (work) at the port for over 40 years. As the ____13____ (one) worker to set many world records, Xu Zhenchao is a hard-working man ____14____ always tries his best to improve skills. He can operate the machine ____15____ (careful) and never gives up when ____16____ trouble. A lifelong love for new technology makes him ____17____ (keep) learning every day. Due to his hard work, he has become ____18____ excellent example for all the workers. Many young ____19____ (student) have learned from this role model. ____20____ he has done will encourage young people forever. C Strange things happened before the Tangshan earthquake. For several days on end, the water in the village wells ____21____ (rise) and fell. The well walls had deep cracks. Some smelly gas came out of at least one well. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous ____22____ (eat). At 3:42 on the morning of 28 July, 1976, everything began to shake. ____23____ seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Nearly one third of China felt the power of the quake. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, ____24____ whole city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or got ____25____ (injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were ____26____ (shock) at this and what was worse, then another big quake hit Tangshan again, people wondering how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those ____27____ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for ____28____ (survivor). Fresh water was taken to the city. Gradually, the city began to breathe again. ____29____ effective support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, ____30____ (final) a new Tangshan was built on the earthquake ruins. 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $