专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义)-2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》

2026-09-01
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编写说明:2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态,聚焦高频考点,精讲精练,共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的20个专题,助力考生高效复习。同时,为构建学习体系,每个专题均配套讲义、课件和AB卷习题,满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》的第15个专题,内容为祈使句与反意疑问句。 2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》 专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义) 目录 01 考情总结 02 真题动向 03 必备知识 04 命题预测 考查内容 年份及题号 对应题型 肯定 / 否定祈使句;Let's / Let us 祈使句 2021(11)、2022(13) 英语知识运用 单选 祈使句的反意疑问句 2023(15) 英语知识运用 单选 各类反意疑问句(前肯后否、前否后肯、含否定词 little/never/hardly) 2024 (14)、2025 填空 40 英语知识运用 单选、短文填空 命题轨迹透视: 2021‑2025 五年累计 3 考,★低频考点;单选隔年考查 1 道,短文填空偶尔考反意疑问的助动词,分值 1‑2 分。 祈使句主要考查肯定、否定、Let's/Let us 的区别;反意疑问句是本专题难点,核心:'前肯后否,前否后肯';little、never、hardly 等词本身带否定含义,视作前半句否定。学生高频易错点:Let's 与 Let us 反意疑问尾句区分;含有否定副词句子的反意疑问;祈使句反意疑问尾句固定搭配。 命题大趋势: 1. 题干场景:实训车间、酒店服务、护理、校园、安全提示、通知劝告; 2. 基础占 55%:普通祈使句、基础反意疑问句;拔高占 45%:Let's /Let us 辨析、句内自带否定词 (little/seldom/hardly)、特殊句式反意疑问; 3. 常设陷阱: ① Let's 用 shall we;Let us 用 will you,两者不要混淆; ② little/never/hardly/seldom 本身表否定,后面疑问部分要用肯定; ③ 否定祈使句反意疑问只用 will you; ④ 反意疑问只看主句,不要被从句干扰。 【考点1:祈使句】 1.(2021 春考 第 11 题) ________ your safety helmet when you work in the workshop. A. Wear    B. Wears    C. Wearing    D. Wore 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句以动词原形开头,表示命令、劝告、安全提示。 2.(2022 春考 第 13 题) ________ take photos inside the medical‑equipment room. A. Not    B. Don't    C. No    D. Can't 【答案】B 【解析】否定祈使句结构:Don't + 动词原形,表示禁止、不要做某事。 1. 肯定祈使句 ✅结构:'动词原形开头 + 其他成分' 功能:表示命令、劝告、提醒、安全警示、请求。 例句: Follow the safety rules. 遵守安全规范。 Please keep quiet in the training room. 请在实训室保持安静。 注意:祈使句默认省略主语 you,所以直接使用动词原形,不需要变形。 2. 否定祈使句 ✅结构:'Don't + 动词原形' ❌错误:Not do / No do 例句: Don't touch the running machine. 不要触碰运转中的机器。 Don't be late for skill training. 技能培训不要迟到。 补充:No + 动名词 / 名词,多用于标识警示牌:No smoking. 禁止吸烟;No photos. 禁止拍照。 注意:句子型否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形;标识牌用 No+doing。 3. Let 引导祈使句两类(考试高频区分) 1)'Let's do sth'(Let's = Let us)包括听话人在内,“咱们一起做……” 👉反意疑问尾句固定:'shall we?' 例:Let's practice oral English, shall we? 咱们练习英语口语,好吗? 2)'Let us do sth' 不包括听话人,请求对方允许 “请你允许我们做……” 👉反意疑问尾句固定:'will you?' 例:Let us finish our task, will you? 请允许我们完成任务,好吗? 4. 带 please 的祈使句 please 可以放句首或者句末;放句末前面加逗号。 Please clean the tools. = Clean the tools, please. 易错陷阱汇总 1)祈使句开头只能用动词原形,谓语不能加 s、ing、过去式; 2)否定祈使句是 Don't + 动词原形,不要混用 not; 3)区分 Let's(包括对方,shall we) vs Let us(请求对方,will you); 4)警示牌 No doing 和句子否定祈使句 Don't do,两种句型不要混淆。 一、单项选择 1. ________ your hands before you operate the medical instruments. A. Wash    B. Washes    C. Washing    D. Washed 【答案】A 【解析】肯定祈使句,动词原形开头,提醒操作仪器前洗手。 2. ________ make noise in the reading room. A. Not    B. Don't    C. No    D. Can't 【答案】B 【解析】否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。 3. Let's take a short break after practice, ________? A. will you    B. shall we    C. won't you    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let's 包含听话人,反意疑问用 shall we。 4. Let us hand in our internship reports now, ________? A. shall we    B. will you    C. do we    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let us 请求对方允许,不包含对方,尾句 will you。 5. ________ careful when you repair the machine. A. Be    B. Are    C. Is    D. Being 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句,be 动词要用原形 be;be careful 小心。 6. ________ run in the workshop. It's dangerous. A. Not    B. No    C. Don't    D. Can't 【答案】C 【解析】否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。 7. Please ________ your notes before the skill test. A. review    B. reviews    C. reviewing    D. reviewed 【答案】A 【解析】please 后接动词原形,祈使句。 8. Let's ________ plans for the coming skill competition. A. make    B. makes    C. making    D. made 【答案】A 【解析】Let's 后面接动词原形。 9. Let us ________ some fresh water, ________? A. get; will you    B. to get; shall we    C. get; shall we    D. getting; will you 【答案】A 【解析】let 后接动词原形;Let us,尾句 will you。 10. ________ your mobile phones away during training. A. Put    B. Puts    C. Putting    D. Putted 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句动词原形 put 开头。 【考点2:反意疑问句】 1.(2023 春考 第 15 题) Don't open the machine without instructions, ________? A. don't you    B. will you    C. do you    D. won't you 【答案】B 【解析】否定祈使句的反意疑问句,统一用 will you。 2.(2024 春考 第 14 题) He seldom takes part in after‑school activities, ________? A. doesn't he    B. does he    C. isn't he    D. is he 【答案】B 【解析】seldom “很少” 属于半否定词,视作前半句否定,遵循前否后肯。 3.(2025 春考 短文填空 40 空) She has little time for rest, ________ (have /does) she? 【答案】does 【解析】little 表否定含义,视作前否后肯;实义动词 has,助动词用 does。 1. 基础核心规则:前肯后否,前否后肯 1)前半句肯定陈述 → 疑问部分用否定 He works hard, 'doesn't he?' 他工作努力,不是吗? 2)前半句否定陈述 → 疑问部分用肯定 He doesn't work hard, 'does he?' 他工作不努力,是吗? 注意:疑问部分只用'代词',不重复名词;助动词 /be/ 情态动词要和前半句谓语匹配。 2. 自带否定含义的词(看到这些词,主句视作否定) little, few, never, seldom, hardly, nobody, nothing 只要主句含有上面词汇,就算句子没有 not,也当作'否定句,后面疑问用肯定'。 例句: He hardly knows the new trainee, does he? 他几乎不认识新实习生,是吗? She has little free time, does she? 她几乎没有空闲时间,是吗? ⚠️注意:too…to… 结构虽然中文翻译 “太…… 而不能”,但是语法上主句仍然算肯定,疑问部分用否定。 He is too young to operate the machine, isn't he? 3. 祈使句全套反意疑问总结 1)肯定祈使句:Open the door, 'will you / won't you?' 2)否定祈使句:Don't smoke here, 'will you?'(只能用 will you,不能用 won't you) 3)Let's do … , 'shall we?'(包含听话人) 4)Let us do … , 'will you?'(请求对方许可) 4. 不同谓语,助动词选择 1)主句有 be 动词 → 疑问部分重复 be(am/is/are/was/were) You are a trainee, aren't you? 2)主句有情态动词 can/must/should → 重复情态动词 He can repair cars, can't he? 3)主句实义动词:一般现在 do/does;一般过去 did She practices every day, doesn't she? 4)主句现在完成 have/has → 重复 have/has He has finished his homework, hasn't he? 5. 宾语从句的反意疑问句 ✅一般情况,看'主句'的主语谓语。 You think he is right, don't you? 你认为他是对的,不是吗? ✅特殊:主句是 I think / I believe / I suppose(第一人称,think 类),反意疑问看'从句'。 I think he can pass the exam, can't he? 易错陷阱汇总 1)little /few/seldom /hardly/never,这些词自带否定,后面疑问用肯定; 2)否定祈使句的反意疑问只能用 will you; 3)严格区分 Let's (shall we) 与 Let us (will you); 4)I think 类第一人称,反意疑问句看从句;其他人称一律看主句; 5)too…to 只是中文含义否定,语法句子是肯定,疑问部分用否定。 一、单项选择 1. You are good at hotel service, ________? A. aren't you    B. are you    C. don't you    D. do you 【答案】A 【解析】前半句肯定,be 动词 are,前肯后否 aren't you。 2. He never wastes his spare time, ________? A. doesn't he    B. does he    C. isn't he    D. is he 【答案】B 【解析】never 否定含义,视作前否,实义动词 waste 用助动词 does,前否后肯 does he。 3. Don't touch the hot equipment, ________? A. won't you    B. will you    C. do you    D. don't you 【答案】B 【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问固定 will you。 4. Let's prepare for the contest together, ________? A. will you    B. shall we    C. do we    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let's 包括听话人,shall we。 5. She seldom goes out after training, ________? A. doesn't she    B. does she    C. isn't she    D. is she 【答案】B 【解析】seldom 半否定词,前否后肯;实义动词 goes 助动词 does。 6. They have finished the group project, ________? A. don't they    B. do they    C. haven't they    D. have they 【答案】C 【解析】现在完成时 have,前半句肯定,前肯后否 haven't they。 7. Let us try the new tool, ________? A. shall we    B. will you    C. do we    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let us 请求对方许可,反意疑问 will you。 8. I think he can pass the skill test, ________? A. don't I    B. do I    C. can't he    D. can he 【答案】C 【解析】I think + 从句,反意疑问句看从句;从句肯定 can,前肯后否 can't he。 9. He is too young to take this job, ________? A. isn't he    B. is he    C. doesn't he    D. does he 【答案】A 【解析】too…to 只是中文否定,语法主句为肯定;be 动词 is,前肯后否 isn't he。 10. You can operate this machine, ________? A. can you    B. can't you    C. do you    D. don't you 【答案】B 【解析】主句有情态动词 can,前半句肯定,前肯后否 can't you。 【考点3:综合专项】 做题解题方法(四步走) 1. 判断是祈使句还是普通陈述句; 2. 陈述句:找主句谓语,找是否带有 little/never/hardly/seldom 这类否定词,确定主句是肯定还是否定; 3. 匹配助动词 /be/ 情态动词;记住祈使句、Let's / Let us 特殊尾句; 4. I think 第一人称看从句;其余所有人称看主句。 一、单项选择 1. Don't forget to wear safety gloves, ________? A. will you    B. won't you    C. do you    D. don't you 【答案】A 【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问固定 will you。 2. Let's go over our notes, ________? A. will you    B. shall we    C. do we    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let's,shall we。 3. He hardly knows anything about nursing work, ________? A. doesn't he    B. does he    C. isn't he    D. is he 【答案】B 【解析】hardly 否定含义,前否后肯,实义动词用 does。 4. Let us clean the training room, ________? A. shall we    B. will you    C. do we    D. don't we 【答案】B 【解析】Let us,请求对方,will you。 5. You have read the safety instructions, ________? A. haven't you    B. have you    C. don't you    D. do you 【答案】A 【解析】现在完成时 have,主句肯定,前肯后否 haven't you。 6. Please keep quiet in the hall, ________? A. will you    B. shall we    C. do you    D. don't you 【答案】A 【解析】肯定祈使句,反意疑问用 will you。 7. She seldom watches videos during internship, ________? A. doesn't she    B. does she    C. isn't she    D. is she 【答案】B 【解析】seldom 否定,前否后肯,实义动词助动词 does。 8. I believe they will win the skill match, ________? A. don't I    B. do I    C. won't they    D. will they 【答案】C 【解析】I believe + 从句,反意疑问看从句,从句 will 肯定,前肯后否 won't they。 9. He is too tired to continue practicing, ________? A. isn't he    B. is he    C. doesn't he    D. does he 【答案】A 【解析】too…to,语法上主句肯定,be 动词 is,isn't he。 10. Never be late for training, ________? A. will you    B. won't you    C. do you    D. don't you 【答案】A 【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问 will you。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义)-2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》
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专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义)-2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》
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专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义)-2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》
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