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编写说明:2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态,聚焦高频考点,精讲精练,共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的20个专题,助力考生高效复习。同时,为构建学习体系,每个专题均配套讲义、课件和AB卷习题,满足多样化学习需求。
本专题是2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》的第15个专题,内容为祈使句与反意疑问句。
2027版山东省(春季高考)《英语二轮讲练测》
专题15 祈使句与反意疑问句(讲义)
目录
01 考情总结
02 真题动向
03 必备知识
04 命题预测
考查内容
年份及题号
对应题型
肯定 / 否定祈使句;Let's / Let us 祈使句
2021(11)、2022(13)
英语知识运用 单选
祈使句的反意疑问句
2023(15)
英语知识运用 单选
各类反意疑问句(前肯后否、前否后肯、含否定词 little/never/hardly)
2024 (14)、2025 填空 40
英语知识运用 单选、短文填空
命题轨迹透视:
2021‑2025 五年累计 3 考,★低频考点;单选隔年考查 1 道,短文填空偶尔考反意疑问的助动词,分值 1‑2 分。
祈使句主要考查肯定、否定、Let's/Let us 的区别;反意疑问句是本专题难点,核心:'前肯后否,前否后肯';little、never、hardly 等词本身带否定含义,视作前半句否定。学生高频易错点:Let's 与 Let us 反意疑问尾句区分;含有否定副词句子的反意疑问;祈使句反意疑问尾句固定搭配。
命题大趋势:
1. 题干场景:实训车间、酒店服务、护理、校园、安全提示、通知劝告;
2. 基础占 55%:普通祈使句、基础反意疑问句;拔高占 45%:Let's /Let us 辨析、句内自带否定词 (little/seldom/hardly)、特殊句式反意疑问;
3. 常设陷阱:
① Let's 用 shall we;Let us 用 will you,两者不要混淆;
② little/never/hardly/seldom 本身表否定,后面疑问部分要用肯定;
③ 否定祈使句反意疑问只用 will you;
④ 反意疑问只看主句,不要被从句干扰。
【考点1:祈使句】
1.(2021 春考 第 11 题)
________ your safety helmet when you work in the workshop.
A. Wear B. Wears C. Wearing D. Wore
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句以动词原形开头,表示命令、劝告、安全提示。
2.(2022 春考 第 13 题)
________ take photos inside the medical‑equipment room.
A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Can't
【答案】B
【解析】否定祈使句结构:Don't + 动词原形,表示禁止、不要做某事。
1. 肯定祈使句
✅结构:'动词原形开头 + 其他成分'
功能:表示命令、劝告、提醒、安全警示、请求。
例句:
Follow the safety rules. 遵守安全规范。
Please keep quiet in the training room. 请在实训室保持安静。
注意:祈使句默认省略主语 you,所以直接使用动词原形,不需要变形。
2. 否定祈使句
✅结构:'Don't + 动词原形'
❌错误:Not do / No do
例句:
Don't touch the running machine. 不要触碰运转中的机器。
Don't be late for skill training. 技能培训不要迟到。
补充:No + 动名词 / 名词,多用于标识警示牌:No smoking. 禁止吸烟;No photos. 禁止拍照。
注意:句子型否定祈使句用 Don't + 动词原形;标识牌用 No+doing。
3. Let 引导祈使句两类(考试高频区分)
1)'Let's do sth'(Let's = Let us)包括听话人在内,“咱们一起做……”
👉反意疑问尾句固定:'shall we?'
例:Let's practice oral English, shall we? 咱们练习英语口语,好吗?
2)'Let us do sth' 不包括听话人,请求对方允许 “请你允许我们做……”
👉反意疑问尾句固定:'will you?'
例:Let us finish our task, will you? 请允许我们完成任务,好吗?
4. 带 please 的祈使句
please 可以放句首或者句末;放句末前面加逗号。
Please clean the tools. = Clean the tools, please.
易错陷阱汇总
1)祈使句开头只能用动词原形,谓语不能加 s、ing、过去式;
2)否定祈使句是 Don't + 动词原形,不要混用 not;
3)区分 Let's(包括对方,shall we) vs Let us(请求对方,will you);
4)警示牌 No doing 和句子否定祈使句 Don't do,两种句型不要混淆。
一、单项选择
1. ________ your hands before you operate the medical instruments.
A. Wash B. Washes C. Washing D. Washed
【答案】A
【解析】肯定祈使句,动词原形开头,提醒操作仪器前洗手。
2. ________ make noise in the reading room.
A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Can't
【答案】B
【解析】否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。
3. Let's take a short break after practice, ________?
A. will you B. shall we C. won't you D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let's 包含听话人,反意疑问用 shall we。
4. Let us hand in our internship reports now, ________?
A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let us 请求对方允许,不包含对方,尾句 will you。
5. ________ careful when you repair the machine.
A. Be B. Are C. Is D. Being
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句,be 动词要用原形 be;be careful 小心。
6. ________ run in the workshop. It's dangerous.
A. Not B. No C. Don't D. Can't
【答案】C
【解析】否定祈使句 Don't + 动词原形。
7. Please ________ your notes before the skill test.
A. review B. reviews C. reviewing D. reviewed
【答案】A
【解析】please 后接动词原形,祈使句。
8. Let's ________ plans for the coming skill competition.
A. make B. makes C. making D. made
【答案】A
【解析】Let's 后面接动词原形。
9. Let us ________ some fresh water, ________?
A. get; will you B. to get; shall we C. get; shall we D. getting; will you
【答案】A
【解析】let 后接动词原形;Let us,尾句 will you。
10. ________ your mobile phones away during training.
A. Put B. Puts C. Putting D. Putted
【答案】A
【解析】祈使句动词原形 put 开头。
【考点2:反意疑问句】
1.(2023 春考 第 15 题)
Don't open the machine without instructions, ________?
A. don't you B. will you C. do you D. won't you
【答案】B
【解析】否定祈使句的反意疑问句,统一用 will you。
2.(2024 春考 第 14 题)
He seldom takes part in after‑school activities, ________?
A. doesn't he B. does he C. isn't he D. is he
【答案】B
【解析】seldom “很少” 属于半否定词,视作前半句否定,遵循前否后肯。
3.(2025 春考 短文填空 40 空)
She has little time for rest, ________ (have /does) she?
【答案】does
【解析】little 表否定含义,视作前否后肯;实义动词 has,助动词用 does。
1. 基础核心规则:前肯后否,前否后肯
1)前半句肯定陈述 → 疑问部分用否定
He works hard, 'doesn't he?' 他工作努力,不是吗?
2)前半句否定陈述 → 疑问部分用肯定
He doesn't work hard, 'does he?' 他工作不努力,是吗?
注意:疑问部分只用'代词',不重复名词;助动词 /be/ 情态动词要和前半句谓语匹配。
2. 自带否定含义的词(看到这些词,主句视作否定)
little, few, never, seldom, hardly, nobody, nothing
只要主句含有上面词汇,就算句子没有 not,也当作'否定句,后面疑问用肯定'。
例句:
He hardly knows the new trainee, does he? 他几乎不认识新实习生,是吗?
She has little free time, does she? 她几乎没有空闲时间,是吗?
⚠️注意:too…to… 结构虽然中文翻译 “太…… 而不能”,但是语法上主句仍然算肯定,疑问部分用否定。
He is too young to operate the machine, isn't he?
3. 祈使句全套反意疑问总结
1)肯定祈使句:Open the door, 'will you / won't you?'
2)否定祈使句:Don't smoke here, 'will you?'(只能用 will you,不能用 won't you)
3)Let's do … , 'shall we?'(包含听话人)
4)Let us do … , 'will you?'(请求对方许可)
4. 不同谓语,助动词选择
1)主句有 be 动词 → 疑问部分重复 be(am/is/are/was/were)
You are a trainee, aren't you?
2)主句有情态动词 can/must/should → 重复情态动词
He can repair cars, can't he?
3)主句实义动词:一般现在 do/does;一般过去 did
She practices every day, doesn't she?
4)主句现在完成 have/has → 重复 have/has
He has finished his homework, hasn't he?
5. 宾语从句的反意疑问句
✅一般情况,看'主句'的主语谓语。
You think he is right, don't you? 你认为他是对的,不是吗?
✅特殊:主句是 I think / I believe / I suppose(第一人称,think 类),反意疑问看'从句'。
I think he can pass the exam, can't he?
易错陷阱汇总
1)little /few/seldom /hardly/never,这些词自带否定,后面疑问用肯定;
2)否定祈使句的反意疑问只能用 will you;
3)严格区分 Let's (shall we) 与 Let us (will you);
4)I think 类第一人称,反意疑问句看从句;其他人称一律看主句;
5)too…to 只是中文含义否定,语法句子是肯定,疑问部分用否定。
一、单项选择
1. You are good at hotel service, ________?
A. aren't you B. are you C. don't you D. do you
【答案】A
【解析】前半句肯定,be 动词 are,前肯后否 aren't you。
2. He never wastes his spare time, ________?
A. doesn't he B. does he C. isn't he D. is he
【答案】B
【解析】never 否定含义,视作前否,实义动词 waste 用助动词 does,前否后肯 does he。
3. Don't touch the hot equipment, ________?
A. won't you B. will you C. do you D. don't you
【答案】B
【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问固定 will you。
4. Let's prepare for the contest together, ________?
A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let's 包括听话人,shall we。
5. She seldom goes out after training, ________?
A. doesn't she B. does she C. isn't she D. is she
【答案】B
【解析】seldom 半否定词,前否后肯;实义动词 goes 助动词 does。
6. They have finished the group project, ________?
A. don't they B. do they C. haven't they D. have they
【答案】C
【解析】现在完成时 have,前半句肯定,前肯后否 haven't they。
7. Let us try the new tool, ________?
A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let us 请求对方许可,反意疑问 will you。
8. I think he can pass the skill test, ________?
A. don't I B. do I C. can't he D. can he
【答案】C
【解析】I think + 从句,反意疑问句看从句;从句肯定 can,前肯后否 can't he。
9. He is too young to take this job, ________?
A. isn't he B. is he C. doesn't he D. does he
【答案】A
【解析】too…to 只是中文否定,语法主句为肯定;be 动词 is,前肯后否 isn't he。
10. You can operate this machine, ________?
A. can you B. can't you C. do you D. don't you
【答案】B
【解析】主句有情态动词 can,前半句肯定,前肯后否 can't you。
【考点3:综合专项】
做题解题方法(四步走)
1. 判断是祈使句还是普通陈述句;
2. 陈述句:找主句谓语,找是否带有 little/never/hardly/seldom 这类否定词,确定主句是肯定还是否定;
3. 匹配助动词 /be/ 情态动词;记住祈使句、Let's / Let us 特殊尾句;
4. I think 第一人称看从句;其余所有人称看主句。
一、单项选择
1. Don't forget to wear safety gloves, ________?
A. will you B. won't you C. do you D. don't you
【答案】A
【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问固定 will you。
2. Let's go over our notes, ________?
A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let's,shall we。
3. He hardly knows anything about nursing work, ________?
A. doesn't he B. does he C. isn't he D. is he
【答案】B
【解析】hardly 否定含义,前否后肯,实义动词用 does。
4. Let us clean the training room, ________?
A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. don't we
【答案】B
【解析】Let us,请求对方,will you。
5. You have read the safety instructions, ________?
A. haven't you B. have you C. don't you D. do you
【答案】A
【解析】现在完成时 have,主句肯定,前肯后否 haven't you。
6. Please keep quiet in the hall, ________?
A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. don't you
【答案】A
【解析】肯定祈使句,反意疑问用 will you。
7. She seldom watches videos during internship, ________?
A. doesn't she B. does she C. isn't she D. is she
【答案】B
【解析】seldom 否定,前否后肯,实义动词助动词 does。
8. I believe they will win the skill match, ________?
A. don't I B. do I C. won't they D. will they
【答案】C
【解析】I believe + 从句,反意疑问看从句,从句 will 肯定,前肯后否 won't they。
9. He is too tired to continue practicing, ________?
A. isn't he B. is he C. doesn't he D. does he
【答案】A
【解析】too…to,语法上主句肯定,be 动词 is,isn't he。
10. Never be late for training, ________?
A. will you B. won't you C. do you D. don't you
【答案】A
【解析】否定祈使句,反意疑问 will you。
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